CN103771935A - Method for preparing plant nutrient soil - Google Patents
Method for preparing plant nutrient soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN103771935A CN103771935A CN201310068211.4A CN201310068211A CN103771935A CN 103771935 A CN103771935 A CN 103771935A CN 201310068211 A CN201310068211 A CN 201310068211A CN 103771935 A CN103771935 A CN 103771935A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing plant nutrient soil, in particular to a method for preparing plant nutrient soil through utilizing city watercourse sludge. The method includes the following operating steps: crushed clamshells and slag as well as quick lime are sequentially spread on dehydrated sludge to form a mixture; decayed matters generated by fermenting and decaying mixed drug residues and fungus buds are spread on the mixture; the composition is composted and keeps warm, and the composting time varies along with different temperature; after a covering matter is removed, and the composting operation is continuously performed until the temperature inside the compost is the same as the atmospheric temperature, so that the plant nutrient soil is obtained. The method for preparing plant nutrient soil, superior to the traditional method for preparing plant nutrient soil, reuses watercourse sludge, waste drug residues and fungus buds, requires no large-area site during the composting process, shortens the compost forming time and is high in compost forming efficiency as three-time full stirring, aeration and composting operation are performed, besides, no secondary chemical pollution is caused due to zero addition of chemical agents.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of making plant nutrition soil, particularly a kind of method of utilizing urban river sediment to make plant nutrition soil.
Background technology
Urban river sediment is rich in the required organic matter of plant-growth and nutrient, also contains the objectionable impurities such as pathogenic bacteria, heavy metal simultaneously.If can carry out being converted into Nutrition Soil after harmless treatment and recycling to mud in a short time, can both solve the problem that greening cultivation matrix relies on peat resource in a large number, again to saving natural resources, prevent secondary environmental pollution, to realize ecological economy benign cycle significant.
The patent No. is 200910154961.7, patent name is for disclosing a kind of production method of culture substrate especially for landscape plants in the Chinese patent of " a kind of production method of culture substrate especially for landscape plants ", described method comprises: dewatered sludge, wood chip and the discarded dregs of a decoction take mass ratio as 3: 0.5～2: 1～3 obtain described culture substrate especially for landscape plants through compost treatment as main raw material; Described dewatered sludge is that city domestic sewage treatment plant is through more than 90% mud to water content that dewaters; The described discarded dregs of a decoction are the discarded Chinese medicine slag of the pharmaceutical factory of traditional Chinese medicine; Described composting treatment method is as follows: after raw material is mixed, adopt bar buttress formula composting mode to carry out compost treatment, and turning 2～3 times weekly, when turning, adding cold water control heap body water ratio is 60～70%, the compost cycle is 10～40 days.In above-mentioned patent, mud used is with a large amount of bacteriums, and it is acid that former mud mostly is, neutralize easy generation secondary pollution with general pharmaceutical chemicals, former mud character thickness of while lacks gap and should not be directly used in compost fermentation, above-mentioned patent also needs additionally to add cold water control water content in the time of compost, does not also describe in detail with regard to the required area of compost.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome existing the problems referred to above in prior art, and a kind of method of utilizing urban river sediment to make plant nutrition soil is provided.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
make a method for plant nutrition soil, its operation steps is:
1) mud that is 60%-80% by water content is placed under booth and shakeouts, and then on every hundred kilograms of mud, sheds 1.5 kilograms of polyacrylamides, then seasoning one week after said mixture surface begins to rehearse ditch; Use polyacrylamide to carry out fast dewatering to mud, reduce the water content of mud.
2) on above-mentioned mud, shed clam shell, the slag after pulverizing, and mud, clam shell, the volume ratio of slag is 1:0.1-0.15:0.25-0.3, then stirs for the first time, aeration; Utilize the organic and inorganic discarded medium such as clam shell, slag to change the physical behavior of mud, the soil aggregate physical behavior that changes former mud becomes relatively loose shape from extreme viscosity shape.
3) on said mixture, shed the every square meter of unslaked lime 1-4 public jin ∕ that diameter is less than 5 centimetres; Utilize the chemical characteristic of natural unslaked lime to carry out sterilizing and regulate pH value mud, use unslaked lime non-secondary pollution compared with using general pharmaceutical chemicals.
4) be the corruption thing that 25%-35%, the volume ratio dregs of a decoction that are 3:7, bacterium bud mixture produce after fermentation corruption by water ratio, be sprinkling upon on the mixture in step 3 with every hundred kilograms of amounts of spreading 30 kilograms of described corruption things, then stir for the second time, aeration; The dregs of a decoction, bacterium bud can further improve the crumb structure physical behavior of mud, and strengthen fertility.
5) by after above-mentioned composition compost, cover successively layer of plastic film, one deck mineral wool, then layer of plastic film is as the warming compost of coverture, and three layers cover and edge compacting, and in compost, temperature is controlled at 60-65 degree Celsius; Utilize thick plastics film to carry out compost insulation, temperature is controlled, and without consuming the energy, energy-conserving and environment-protective, and compost temperature is too high or too low all will directly affect the effect of compost;
6) the compost asynchronism(-nization) of different temperature, the compost time is respectively 25-42 degree Celsius and needs 50-35 days, 10-25 degree Celsius needs 75-50 days, and then stir for the third time, aeration;
7) remove after the coverture in step 5, continue compost identical with free air temperature to temperature in compost, plant nutrition soil.
As preferably, in described step 1, mud shakeouts thickness≤50 centimetre, if the blocked up compost fermentation that is difficult for of thickness.
As preferably, in described step 2, the diameter of clam shell and slag is 5-8 millimeter.
As preferably, mud in described step 2, clam shell, the volume ratio of slag is 1:0.1:0.3.
As preferably, in described step 3, shed the amount of unslaked lime in the time that original mud pH value is 5-6.5, shed the every square meter of unslaked lime 4.0-3.5 Gong Jin ∕; When original mud pH value 6.5-7.0 sheds the every square meter of unslaked lime 3.5-2.5 Gong Jin ∕; When original mud pH value 7.0-8.5 sheds the every square meter of unslaked lime 2.5-1.0 Gong Jin ∕.
As preferably, in described step 5, compost length and width are high take 2.5-3.5 meter ﹡ 2.5-3.5 meter ﹡ 1-1.5 rice as a pile.
As preferably, three layers of coverture described in described step 5 are respectively one deck EVA plastics film, 2 millimeters of mineral wools of one deck, then one deck EVA plastics film.
As preferably, the churning time of batch mixing for the first time in described step 2 is 10 minutes; The churning time of batch mixing for the second time in step 4 is 10 minutes; The churning time of batch mixing for the third time in step 6 is 10 minutes.
As preferably, the water content of described step 4 Chinese medicine slag, bacterium bud mixture is 30%.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the method that is better than traditional making Nutrition Soil, adopt present method again to utilize riverway sludge, the discarded dregs of a decoction, discarded bacterium bud, composting process is without taking big area place, carry out three abundant stirrings, aeration, compost, shorten into the fertile time, become fertilizer efficiency rate high, and do not add chemical agent, without secondary chemical pollution.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment mono-: make the method for plant nutrition soil, its operation steps is:
?1) mud that is 80% by water content is placed under booth and shakeouts, it is 50 centimetres that mud shakeouts thickness, if the blocked up compost fermentation that is difficult for of thickness is then shed 1.5 kilograms of polyacrylamides on every hundred kilograms of mud, then seasoning one week after said mixture surface begins to rehearse ditch; Use polyacrylamide to carry out fast dewatering to mud, reduce the water content of mud.
2) on above-mentioned mud, shed clam shell, the slag after pulverizing, the diameter of clam shell and slag is 8 millimeters, and mud, clam shell, and the volume ratio of slag is 1:0.15:0.3, then stirs for the first time, aeration; Utilize the organic and inorganic discarded medium such as clam shell, slag to change the physical behavior of mud, the soil aggregate physical behavior that changes former mud becomes relatively loose shape from extreme viscosity shape.
3) on said mixture, shed the every square meter of unslaked lime 1-4 public jin ∕ that diameter is less than 5 centimetres, in the time that original mud pH value is 5-6.5, shed the every square meter of unslaked lime 4.0-3.5 public jin ∕; When original mud pH value 6.5-7.0 sheds the every square meter of unslaked lime 3.5-2.5 Gong Jin ∕; When original mud pH value 7.0-8.5 sheds the every square meter of unslaked lime 2.5-1.0 Gong Jin ∕; Utilize the chemical characteristic of natural unslaked lime to carry out sterilizing and regulate pH value mud, use unslaked lime non-secondary pollution compared with using general pharmaceutical chemicals.
4) dregs of a decoction that by water ratio be 20%, volume ratio are 3:7, the corruption thing that bacterium bud mixture produces after fermentation corruption, be sprinkling upon on the mixture in step 3 with every hundred kilograms of amounts of spreading 30 kilograms of described corruption things, then stir for the second time, aeration, compost, compost length and width are high take 1.5 meters of 3.5 meter ﹡ 3.5 meter ﹡ as a pile; The dregs of a decoction, bacterium bud can further improve the crumb structure physical behavior of mud, and strengthen fertility.
5) by after above-mentioned composition compost, cover successively layer of plastic film, one deck mineral wool, then layer of plastic film is as the warming compost of coverture, and three layers cover and edge compacting, and in compost, temperature is controlled at 60 degrees Celsius; Utilize thick plastics film to carry out compost insulation, temperature is controlled, and without consuming the energy, energy-conserving and environment-protective, and compost temperature is too high or too low all will directly affect the effect of compost, three layers of coverture in the present embodiment are respectively one deck EVA plastics film, 2 millimeters of mineral wools of one deck, then one deck EVA plastics film.
6) the compost asynchronism(-nization) of different temperature, the compost time is respectively 25 degrees Celsius of need 50 days, 10 degrees Celsius of need 75 days, and then stir for the third time, aeration;
?7) remove after the coverture in step 5, continue compost identical with free air temperature to temperature in compost, plant nutrition soil.
In addition for mixture is stirred fully, the churning time of batch mixing for the first time in step 2 is 10 minutes; The churning time of batch mixing for the second time in step 4 is 10 minutes; The churning time of batch mixing for the third time in step 6 is 10 minutes.
Embodiment bis-: make the method for plant nutrition soil, its operation steps is:
?1) mud that is 70% by water content is placed under booth and shakeouts, it is 40 centimetres that mud shakeouts thickness, if the blocked up compost fermentation that is difficult for of thickness is then shed 1.5 kilograms of polyacrylamides on every hundred kilograms of mud, then seasoning one week after said mixture surface begins to rehearse ditch; Use polyacrylamide to carry out fast dewatering to mud, reduce the water content of mud.
2) on above-mentioned mud, shed clam shell, the slag after pulverizing, the diameter of clam shell and slag is 6 millimeters, and mud, clam shell, and the volume ratio of slag is 1:0.1:0.3, then stirs for the first time, aeration; Utilize the organic and inorganic discarded medium such as clam shell, slag to change the physical behavior of mud, the soil aggregate physical behavior that changes former mud becomes relatively loose shape from extreme viscosity shape.
3) on said mixture, shed the every square meter of unslaked lime 1-4 public jin ∕ that diameter is less than 5 centimetres, in the time that original mud pH value is 5-6.5, shed the every square meter of unslaked lime 4.0-3.5 public jin ∕; When original mud pH value 6.5-7.0 sheds the every square meter of unslaked lime 3.5-2.5 Gong Jin ∕; When original mud pH value 7.0-8.5 sheds the every square meter of unslaked lime 2.5-1.0 Gong Jin ∕; Utilize the chemical characteristic of natural unslaked lime to carry out sterilizing and regulate pH value mud, use unslaked lime non-secondary pollution compared with using general pharmaceutical chemicals.
4) dregs of a decoction that by water ratio be 25%, volume ratio are 3:7, the corruption thing that bacterium bud mixture produces after fermentation corruption, be sprinkling upon on the mixture in step 3 with every hundred kilograms of amounts of spreading 30 kilograms of described corruption things, then stir for the second time, aeration, compost, 1 meter of the high approximately 3 meter ﹡ 3 meter ﹡ of compost length and width is a pile; The dregs of a decoction, bacterium bud can further improve the crumb structure physical behavior of mud, and strengthen fertility.
5) by after above-mentioned composition compost, cover successively layer of plastic film, one deck mineral wool, then layer of plastic film is as the warming compost of coverture, and three layers cover and edge compacting, and in compost, temperature is controlled at 65 degrees Celsius; Utilize thick plastics film to carry out compost insulation, temperature is controlled, and without consuming the energy, energy-conserving and environment-protective, and compost temperature is too high or too low all will directly affect the effect of compost, three layers of coverture in the present embodiment are respectively one deck EVA plastics film, 2 millimeters of mineral wools of one deck, then one deck EVA plastics film.
6) the compost asynchronism(-nization) of different temperature, the compost time is respectively 30 degrees Celsius of need 40 days, 15 degrees Celsius of need 65 days, and then stir for the third time, aeration;
?7) remove after the coverture in step 5, continue compost identical with free air temperature to temperature in compost, plant nutrition soil.
In addition for mixture is stirred fully, the churning time of batch mixing for the first time in step 2 is 10 minutes; The churning time of batch mixing for the second time in step 4 is 10 minutes; The churning time of batch mixing for the third time in step 6 is 10 minutes.
Embodiment tri-: make the method for plant nutrition soil, its operation steps is:
?1) mud that is 60% by water content is placed under booth and shakeouts, it is 30 centimetres that mud shakeouts thickness, if the blocked up compost fermentation that is difficult for of thickness is then shed 1.5 kilograms of polyacrylamides on every hundred kilograms of mud, then seasoning one week after said mixture surface begins to rehearse ditch; Use polyacrylamide to carry out fast dewatering to mud, reduce the water content of mud.
2) on above-mentioned mud, shed clam shell, the slag after pulverizing, the diameter of clam shell and slag is 6 millimeters, and mud, clam shell, and the volume ratio of slag is 1:0.1:0.3, then stirs for the first time, aeration; Utilize the organic and inorganic discarded medium such as clam shell, slag to change the physical behavior of mud, the soil aggregate physical behavior that changes former mud becomes relatively loose shape from extreme viscosity shape.
3) on said mixture, shed the every square meter of unslaked lime 1-4 public jin ∕ that diameter is less than 5 centimetres, in the time that original mud pH value is 5-6.5, shed the every square meter of unslaked lime 4.0-3.5 public jin ∕; When original mud pH value 6.5-7.0 sheds the every square meter of unslaked lime 3.5-2.5 Gong Jin ∕; When original mud pH value 7.0-8.5 sheds the every square meter of unslaked lime 2.5-1.0 Gong Jin ∕; Utilize the chemical characteristic of natural unslaked lime to carry out sterilizing and regulate pH value mud, use unslaked lime non-secondary pollution compared with using general pharmaceutical chemicals.
4) dregs of a decoction that by water ratio be 30%, volume ratio are 3:7, the corruption thing that bacterium bud mixture produces after fermentation corruption, be sprinkling upon on the mixture in step 3 with every hundred kilograms of amounts of spreading 30 kilograms of described corruption things, then stir for the second time, aeration, compost, 1 meter of the high approximately 2.5 meter ﹡ 2.5 meter ﹡ of compost length and width is a pile; The dregs of a decoction, bacterium bud can further improve the crumb structure physical behavior of mud, and strengthen fertility.
5) by after above-mentioned composition compost, cover successively layer of plastic film, one deck mineral wool, then layer of plastic film is as the warming compost of coverture, and three layers cover and edge compacting, and in compost, temperature is controlled at 65 degrees Celsius; Utilize thick plastics film to carry out compost insulation, temperature is controlled, and without consuming the energy, energy-conserving and environment-protective, and compost temperature is too high or too low all will directly affect the effect of compost, three layers of coverture in the present embodiment are respectively one deck EVA plastics film, 2 millimeters of mineral wools of one deck, then one deck EVA plastics film.
6) the compost asynchronism(-nization) of different temperature, the compost time is respectively 42 degrees Celsius of need 35 days, 25 degrees Celsius of need 50 days, and then stir for the third time, aeration;
?7) remove after the coverture in step 5, continue compost identical with free air temperature to temperature in compost, plant nutrition soil.
In addition for mixture is stirred fully, the churning time of batch mixing for the first time in step 2 is 10 minutes; The churning time of batch mixing for the second time in step 4 is 10 minutes; The churning time of batch mixing for the third time in step 6 is 10 minutes.
Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or supplement or adopt similar mode to substitute described specific embodiment; only otherwise depart from structure of the present invention or surmount this scope as defined in the claims, all should belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. make a method for plant nutrition soil, it is characterized in that operation steps is:
1) mud that is 60%-80% by water content is placed under booth and shakeouts, and then on every hundred kilograms of mud, sheds 1.5 kilograms of polyacrylamides, then seasoning one week after said mixture surface begins to rehearse ditch;
2) on above-mentioned mud, shed clam shell, the slag after pulverizing, and mud, clam shell, the volume ratio of slag is 1:0.1-0.15:0.25-0.3, then stirs for the first time, aeration;
3) on said mixture, shed the every square meter of unslaked lime 1-4 public jin ∕ that diameter is less than 5 centimetres;
4) be the corruption thing that 25%-35%, the volume ratio dregs of a decoction that are 3:7, bacterium bud mixture produce after fermentation corruption by water ratio, be sprinkling upon on the mixture in step 3 with every hundred kilograms of amounts of spreading 30 kilograms of described corruption things, then stir for the second time, aeration;
5) by after above-mentioned composition compost, cover successively layer of plastic film, one deck mineral wool, then layer of plastic film is as the warming compost of coverture, and three layers cover and edge compacting, and in compost, temperature is controlled at 60-65 degree Celsius;
6) the compost asynchronism(-nization) of different temperature, the compost time is respectively 25-42 degree Celsius and needs 50-35 days, 10-25 degree Celsius needs 75-50 days, and then stir for the third time, aeration;
7) remove after the coverture in step 5, continue compost identical with free air temperature to temperature in compost, plant nutrition soil.
2. the method for making plant nutrition soil according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step 1, mud shakeouts thickness≤50 centimetre.
3. the method for making plant nutrition soil according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step 2, the diameter of clam shell and slag is 5-8 millimeter.
4. the method for making plant nutrition soil according to claim 1, is characterized in that: mud in described step 2, and clam shell, the volume ratio of slag is 1:0.1:0.3.
5. the method for making plant nutrition soil according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step 3, shed the amount of unslaked lime in the time that original mud pH value is 5-6.5, shed the every square meter of unslaked lime 4.0-3.5 Gong Jin ∕; When original mud pH value 6.5-7.0 sheds the every square meter of unslaked lime 3.5-2.5 Gong Jin ∕; When original mud pH value 7.0-8.5 sheds the every square meter of unslaked lime 2.5-1.0 Gong Jin ∕.
6. the method for making plant nutrition soil according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step 5, compost length and width are high take 2.5-3.5 meter ﹡ 2.5-3.5 meter ﹡ 1-1.5 rice as a pile.
7. the method for making plant nutrition soil according to claim 1, is characterized in that: three layers of coverture described in described step 5 are respectively one deck EVA plastics film, 2 millimeters of mineral wools of one deck, then one deck EVA plastics film.
8. the method for making plant nutrition soil according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the churning time of batch mixing for the first time in described step 2 is 10 minutes; The churning time of batch mixing for the second time in step 4 is 10 minutes; The churning time of batch mixing for the third time in step 6 is 10 minutes.
9. the method for making plant nutrition soil according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the water content of described step 4 Chinese medicine slag, bacterium bud mixture is 30%.
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| CN105284520A (en) * | 2015-09-23 | 2016-02-03 | 界首市地龙养殖专业合作社 | Method promoting fig cuttage rooting |
| CN106348833A (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2017-01-25 | 临泉县新思维农业科技有限公司 | Vegetable substrate nutritional soil and preparing method thereof |
| CN106866258A (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2017-06-20 | 江苏中宜生态土研究院有限公司 | A kind of high organic mud high-efficiency dehydration and Nutrition Soil prepare integral method |
| CN107324866A (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2017-11-07 | 芜湖新达园林绿化集团有限公司 | A kind of method of efficient process riverway sludge |
| CN108575580A (en) * | 2018-01-16 | 2018-09-28 | 江苏科技大学 | A kind of plate and frame river bottom mud ecological revetment and preparation method for sponge urban construction |
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| CN105284520A (en) * | 2015-09-23 | 2016-02-03 | 界首市地龙养殖专业合作社 | Method promoting fig cuttage rooting |
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| CN108575580A (en) * | 2018-01-16 | 2018-09-28 | 江苏科技大学 | A kind of plate and frame river bottom mud ecological revetment and preparation method for sponge urban construction |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN103771935B (en) | 2016-03-30 |
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