CN103769065A - Active carbon modification method for improving adsorption rate of non-polar molecules - Google Patents
Active carbon modification method for improving adsorption rate of non-polar molecules Download PDFInfo
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- CN103769065A CN103769065A CN201410025735.XA CN201410025735A CN103769065A CN 103769065 A CN103769065 A CN 103769065A CN 201410025735 A CN201410025735 A CN 201410025735A CN 103769065 A CN103769065 A CN 103769065A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an active carbon modification method for improving an adsorption rate of non-polar molecules. A preparation method for the material comprises the following steps: firstly, heating common active carbon in a high-temperature drying oven; then putting polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and the active carbon which is heated by the drying oven into the drying oven according to a certain mass ratio, sealing and heating. In the process, the PDMS is gasified to accelerate the surface of active carbon fibers to form a hydrophobic thin film and the thickness of the film can be adjusted by using different heating temperatures and different mass ratios of the PDMS and the active carbon, thus finishing the modification process of the active carbon; the prepared active carbon is packaged to later use. The modification process of the active carbon provided by the invention is simple and is convenient to operate; the adsorption rate of the gas-state non-polar molecules can be obviously improved by adding the active carbon with the film.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to material for air purification preparation field, be specifically related to the modifying method of activated carbon of a kind of raising to nonpolar molecule adsorption rate.
Background technology
Active carbon has very large specific area and flourishing pore structure, because active carbon cost performance is high, chemical stability is good, good adsorption performance, Heat stability is good and be convenient to regeneration and the advantage such as suitable hardness becomes sorbent material first-selected in air pollutants purification techniques.The specific area of active carbon is very large, so can fully contact with gas (impurity).Encounter adsorption hole when these gas molecules and be adsorbed, play catharsis.Active carbon is carbon containing not only, and in manufacture process owing to utilizing polar molecule activation, cause adsorption hole surface to form various chemical groups, such as carbonyl, carboxyl, phenols, lactone, quinones, ethers [yellow revitalize etc. activated carbon technology basis. Beijing: weapon industry publishing house, 2006:3 ~ 5.].The oxide containing on these surfaces and complex compound, some is from the derivative of raw material, and some is to be generated by the effect of air or steam in the time of activation, after activation.Sometimes also can generate surface sulfide thing and chloride.These surface active groups impel at active carbon and carry out Purge gas when absorption, preferentially select the gaseous contaminant of polar molecule, cause the clean-up effect of some nonpolar gaseous contaminant molecules limited, as benzene, carbon dioxide, carbon tetrachloride etc.
Active carbon is " immunity " phenomenon to nonpolar molecule in adsorption process, makes it in actual application, cause certain harmful effect.In semi-enclosed traffic environment, as car, steamer, aircraft etc., active carbon is in the time purifying the gas in cabin, for the preferential absorption of some polar molecules, often cause it poor to the clean-up effect of other a large amount of some nonpolar gaseous contaminants that exist in such environment, as benzene, carbon dioxide etc.Meanwhile, active carbon, in the situation that humidity ratio is higher, is compared to nonpolar gaseous contaminant, stronger to nontoxic Water Molecular Adsorption effect, not only cause clean-up effect not good, shortened the service life of active carbon simultaneously, cause the trouble of frequent replacing active carbon.In chemical industry, be the waste gas purification of feature pollutant to nonpolar molecule, the clean-up effect of common active carbon is not good enough, the waste that causes active carbon to use.Gas recovery or purification process, also often due to this characterization of adsorption of common active carbon, have limited its application.So the adverse effect that these surface active groups of active carbon cause the absorption of nonpolar molecule, is urgently carry out deep research and discussion in actual process and solve.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the shortcoming and defect existing in above-mentioned current practical application technology, invent the modifying method of activated carbon of a kind of raising to nonpolar molecule adsorption rate, be intended to solve active carbon clean-up effect in some applications not good, service life is short and cause the trouble of frequent replacing active carbon.
In the present invention, the modifying method of activated carbon of a kind of raising relating to nonpolar molecule adsorption rate, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) get and treat modified activated carbon, be placed on heating in high temperature oven.The temperature of controlling high temperature oven is 250 ~ 350 ℃, and the heat time is 2 ~ 4h.After cooling, by for subsequent use the active carbon encapsulation through preliminary treatment;
(2) active carbon heating by dimethyl silicone polymer (PDMS) with through baking oven, according to the mass ratio of 100:1 ~ 200:1, is put into baking oven, after sealing, it is heated, and set temperature is 100 ~ 220 ℃, and the heat time is 0.5 ~ 2h.Allow active carbon naturally cool to below 50 ℃, encapsulate for subsequent use.
In the present invention, to heating related in activated carbon modified process or when cooling, residing environment is vacuum, pure nitrogen gas or oxygen purity lower than 5% state.
The present invention compares with technology with existing scheme of active carbon being carried out to modification, has following innovation and advantage:
(1) in process of production, its surface can form various active groups to common active carbon, and these surface active groups have polarity, impel in the time that active carbon carries out Purge gas absorption, preferentially select the gaseous contaminant of polar molecule.And the modified activated carbon the present invention relates to, can effectively solve the problem of common active carbon to the preferential absorption of polar molecule, improve the adsorption rate to nonpolar molecule, the occasion that is nonpolar molecule for feature pollutant, has very large advantage through the active carbon of modification.
(2) in some specific environments, as car, steamer, aircraft etc.In use there is the inconvenient frequent limitation of changing in active carbon.By the active carbon of modification, can be in adsorption process, avoid the absorption to some polarity uncontamination thing molecule (as hydrone), extend the absorption life-span of active carbon, avoid the frequent replacing of active carbon.
(3) modifying method of activated carbon involved in the present invention, added to active carbon is PDMS hydrophobic membrane, PDMS low price, inertia, nontoxic, nonflammable.Compared to other material, there is very large advantage, in the time of blooming, environment of living in keeps oxygen purity lower than 5%, has avoided the formation of activated carbon surface various chemical groups in manufacture process simultaneously.
(4) in the present invention, can, by controlling temperature, make PDMS in annular seal space, evaporate into steam, and reach capacity, impel active activated carbon surface to form hydrophobic film, wherein the thickness of film can be by using adjusting of different heating temperature.Add that membrane process relates to material and instrument is simple, controllability is strong, can significantly improve the adsorption rate to gaseous state nonpolar molecule through the active carbon of blooming.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 prepares the flow chart of modified activated carbon.
The specific embodiment
Comply with below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1 and inventor the instantiation that technical scheme of the present invention completes, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
Get activated carbon granule, be placed on heating in baking oven, it is 300 ℃ that heating-up temperature is set, and the heat time is 2h, and in baking oven, gas is N
2.Getting mass ratio is the pretreated active carbon of process and the dimethyl silicone polymer (PDMS) of 1:150, puts into baking oven, and it is 100 ℃ that heating-up temperature is set, and the heat time is 1.5h.Treat that active carbon naturally cools to below 50 ℃, obtain blooming active carbon 1, encapsulate for subsequent use.
Get the active carbon 1 making, pass into the mist of benzene, toluene and nitrogen composition, carry out Static Adsorption test, to test the time of break-through of its clean-up effect and active carbon.The gas concentration that comprises toluene and benzene in mist is all 1000ppm, and adsorption column is of a size of
12mm × 300mm, the mist throughput of dilution is 110mL/min, experimental temperature is 30 ℃.
Get the active carbon 1 making, pass into the mist of benzene, moisture and nitrogen composition, carry out Static Adsorption test, to test the time of break-through of its clean-up effect and active carbon.In mist, the gas concentration of benzene is 1000ppm, and humidity is 80%, and adsorption column is of a size of
12mm × 300mm, the mist throughput of dilution is 110mL/min, experimental temperature is 30 ℃.
Embodiment 2
Get activated carbon granule, be placed on heating in baking oven, it is 300 ℃ that heating-up temperature is set, and the heat time is 2h, and in baking oven, gas is N
2.Getting mass ratio is the pretreated active carbon of process and the dimethyl silicone polymer (PDMS) of 1:150, puts into baking oven, and it is 150 ℃ that heating-up temperature is set, and the heat time is 1.5h.Treat that active carbon naturally cools to below 50 ℃, make active carbon 2, encapsulate for subsequent use.
Get the active carbon 2 making, pass into the mist of benzene, toluene and nitrogen composition, carry out Static Adsorption test, to test the time of break-through of its clean-up effect and active carbon.The gas concentration that comprises toluene and benzene in mist is all 1000ppm, and adsorption column is of a size of
12mm × 300mm, the mist throughput of dilution is 110mL/min, experimental temperature is 30 ℃.
Get the active carbon 2 making, pass into the mist of benzene, moisture and nitrogen composition, carry out Static Adsorption test, to test the time of break-through of its clean-up effect and active carbon.In mist, the gas concentration of benzene is 1000ppm, and humidity is 80%, and adsorption column is of a size of
12mm × 300mm, the mist throughput of dilution is 110mL/min, experimental temperature is 30 ℃.
Embodiment 3
Get activated carbon granule, be placed on heating in baking oven, it is 300 ℃ that heating-up temperature is set, and the heat time is 2h, and in baking oven, gas is N
2.Getting mass ratio is the pretreated active carbon of process and the dimethyl silicone polymer (PDMS) of 1:150, puts into baking oven, and it is 200 ℃ that heating-up temperature is set, and the heat time is 1.5h.Treat that active carbon naturally cools to below 50 ℃, make active carbon 3, encapsulate for subsequent use.
Get the active carbon 3 making, pass into the mist of benzene, toluene and nitrogen composition, carry out Static Adsorption test, to test the time of break-through of its clean-up effect and active carbon.The gas concentration that comprises toluene and benzene in mist is all 1000ppm, and adsorption column is of a size of
12mm × 300mm, the mist throughput of dilution is 110mL/min, experimental temperature is 30 ℃.
Get the active carbon 3 making, pass into the mist of benzene, moisture and nitrogen composition, carry out Static Adsorption test, to test the time of break-through of its clean-up effect and active carbon.In mist, the gas concentration of benzene is 1000ppm, and humidity is 80%, and adsorption column is of a size of
12mm × 300mm, the mist throughput of dilution is 110mL/min, experimental temperature is 30 ℃.
comparative example
Get not through the active carbon 4 of processing, pass into the mist of benzene, toluene and nitrogen composition, carry out Static Adsorption test, to test the time of break-through of its clean-up effect and active carbon.The gas concentration that comprises toluene and benzene in mist is all 1000ppm, and adsorption column is of a size of 12mm × 300mm, and the mist throughput of dilution is 110mL/min, and experimental temperature is 30 ℃.
Get not through the active carbon 4 of processing, pass into the mist of benzene, moisture and nitrogen composition, carry out Static Adsorption test, to test the time of break-through of its clean-up effect and active carbon.In mist, the gas concentration of benzene is 1000ppm, and humidity is 80%, and adsorption column is of a size of 12mm × 300mm, and the mist throughput of dilution is 110mL/min, and experimental temperature is 30 ℃.
It is below the effect contrast of each embodiment.
The above-mentioned description to embodiment is can understand and apply the invention for the ease of those skilled in the art.Person skilled in the art obviously can easily make various modifications to these embodiment, and one application of principle described herein in other embodiment and needn't pass through performing creative labour.Therefore, the invention is not restricted to the embodiment here, those skilled in the art are according to announcement of the present invention, and the improvement of making for the present invention and modification all should be within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. the modifying method of activated carbon of raising to nonpolar molecule adsorption rate, is characterized in that concrete steps are as follows:
(1) get and treat modified activated carbon, be placed on heating in high temperature oven; The temperature of controlling high temperature oven is 250 ~ 350 ℃, and the heat time is 2 ~ 4h; After cooling, by for subsequent use the active carbon encapsulation through preliminary treatment;
(2) active carbon dimethyl silicone polymer and step (1) being obtained, according to the mass ratio of 100:1 ~ 200:1, is put into baking oven, after sealing, it is heated, and set temperature is 100 ~ 220 ℃, and the heat time is 0.5 ~ 2h; Allow active carbon naturally cool to below 50 ℃, encapsulate for subsequent use.
2. according to a kind of modifying method of activated carbon improving nonpolar molecule adsorption rate described in claim 1, it is characterized in that to heating related in activated carbon modified process or when cooling, residing environment is vacuum, pure nitrogen gas or oxygen purity lower than 5% state.
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Cited By (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105797690A (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2016-07-27 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Preparing and regenerating methods of hydrophobic coating activated carbon capable of improving adsorption to water-containing organic gas |
| CN110237822A (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2019-09-17 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of environmentally friendly hydrophobically modified method of active carbon |
| CN110523383A (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2019-12-03 | 华南理工大学 | One kind is for adsorbing organic matter hydrophobically modified active carbon and the preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112758930A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-07 | 国家能源集团新能源技术研究院有限公司 | Modified activated carbon and activated carbon modification method |
| CN116099494A (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2023-05-12 | 中国科学院上海高等研究院 | VOCs adsorption material, preparation method and application thereof |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105797690A (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2016-07-27 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Preparing and regenerating methods of hydrophobic coating activated carbon capable of improving adsorption to water-containing organic gas |
| CN110237822A (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2019-09-17 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of environmentally friendly hydrophobically modified method of active carbon |
| CN110523383A (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2019-12-03 | 华南理工大学 | One kind is for adsorbing organic matter hydrophobically modified active carbon and the preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112758930A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-07 | 国家能源集团新能源技术研究院有限公司 | Modified activated carbon and activated carbon modification method |
| CN112758930B (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2022-08-12 | 国家能源集团新能源技术研究院有限公司 | Modified activated carbon and activated carbon modification method |
| CN116099494A (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2023-05-12 | 中国科学院上海高等研究院 | VOCs adsorption material, preparation method and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20140507 |