CN103760981A - Magnetic field visualization and interaction method - Google Patents
Magnetic field visualization and interaction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103760981A CN103760981A CN201410027617.2A CN201410027617A CN103760981A CN 103760981 A CN103760981 A CN 103760981A CN 201410027617 A CN201410027617 A CN 201410027617A CN 103760981 A CN103760981 A CN 103760981A
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Abstract
Provided is a magnetic field visualization and interaction method. The method mainly comprises the steps of magnetic induction line modeling, somatic sense capturing and synthesis rendering. A three-dimensional modeling tool and a graphic engine are used for constructing a magnet and a magnetic induction line model, and the change of a magnetic field around the magnet is calculated in real time; the constructed model is transplanted into a Kinect environment to be debugged, and an interaction mode and a coordinate system are adjusted; a common camera carried with the Kinect is used for capturing real images, and real-time rendering is carried out on the magnetic induction line model and the captured images to obtain a synthetic interactive scene. The infrared camera carried with the Kinect is utilized for capturing the distance between a user and equipment, and interaction control over the model is achieved. The method is applied to middle school physics teaching, the equipment is simple, interaction behaviors are natural and convenient, a learner can move the magnet through gestures at any time, the change rule of a magnetic induction line is observed, and the good teaching effect is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to physics teaching experiment field, specifically, be the method for making of a kind of magnet and magnetic induction line model, the method is the visual and exchange method in the magnetic field based on augmented reality and body sense equipment, is applied to middle school physics classroom teaching or student independently tests.
Background technology
Experiment is the main method in the human knowledge world, and in education sector, experimental teaching is an indispensable part in complete teaching system especially.Experiment is that student verifies the knowledge acquired in classroom, by the knowledge transformation of acquiring in classroom, is the ability of practice and the important means of probing into new knowledge, no matter be that experimental teaching is all very important from cultivating scientific thinking ability or improving practice and creativity.
Experimental teaching cultivate scientific thinking ability still improve all play a part aspect practice and creativity very important, yet, because the Physical Experiment environment in the most of middle school of China is unsatisfactory, a lot of instruments are advanced not, laboratory does not possess the condition of carrying out classroom instruction yet, so the present most of physical experiment teaching in middle schools of China is still in weak link.
Under the background of computer technology develop rapidly and IT application in education sector, the difficulty that experimental teaching faces has welcome new opportunity.Along with various new technologies are constantly applied in the middle of teaching research and practice, particularly in the middle of the environment of experimental teaching, how rationally effectively to use these new technologies to become the hot issue of educational research.
2006, in the vocational education key work > > in 2006 of the < < Ministry of Education of China, just propose " to strengthen the application project construction such as digital library, digital museum and virtual laboratory ".In long-term educational reform and development planning outline (2010-2020) > > in the < of China < country (medium-term and long-term educational reform and development planning outline (2010-2020) the > > of < < country), also mention and will " set up digital library and virtual laboratory ", " strengthening information technology application ", " encourage student to utilize information approach Active Learning, autonomous learning, strengthen exploit information technical Analysis ability to solve problem ".In virtual laboratory, carry out virtual experimental teaching and not only solve to a certain extent the situation of educational resource skewness, the scene that cannot realize in reality by simulation, provides more experiment opportunity to student.
Virtual experimental be virtual reality technology (Virtual Reality) (virtual reality technology [J]. aviation computing technique, 1994, (01)) introduce the new experiment method producing in education.From 20th century the mid-80s, in the promotion of government's virtual laboratory demonstration project with lead lower American-European Ge great colleges and universities and research institution released one after another oneself Virtual Experiment Software and platform.As NASA of the United States Federal has released a series of astrophysics Virtual Experiment Softwares according to Hubble Telescope observation data, satellite communication emulation experiment therein, experimenter can click or pull mouse in browser just can complete experiment; WebLab online experiment system based on Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), the student of Singapore's microelectronics subject clicks " instrument " that menu setecting is suitable just can obtain the data from MIT laboratory; The virtual laboratory of Ka Naiji-Mei Long university is connected to function generator, digital multimeter, digital oscilloscope in experimental system.
Augmented reality (Augmented Reality, be called for short AR, the extension of virtual reality) can be regarded as the extension of virtual reality technology, that two dimension that computing machine is generated or three-dimensional virtual information are fused to a kind of technology in the true environment that user will experience, almost occur with virtual reality technology simultaneously, but due to the restriction of hardware device and graphics research at that time itself, the not significant progress of AR technology.Since the nineties in 20th century, increase front real world applications and increase gradually, occurred the virtual experimental of reinforced partly reality.A kind of multimedia art mixed reality academic environment-SMALLab(Johnson-Glenberg for example, M.C., Birchfield, D., Savvides, P. & Megowan-Romanowicz, C. (2010) Semi-virtual Embodied Learning – Real World STEM Assessment.In L.Annetta & S.Bronack (eds.) Serious Educational Game Assessment:Practical Methods and Models for Educational Games, Simulations and Virtual Worlds.Sense Publications, Rotterdam.p225-241.), can realize and allow learner by three-dimensional motion and the gesture of whole body, learn in the cooperation multimedia space of a computer simulation.This virtual experimental is focused on virtual and real combination, by virtual information is set among actual environment, allows learner use computing machine or mobile device interactive with learning content in actual situation integrated environment.Can say, augmented reality has become a key areas in virtual reality research, is also an important directions of human machine interface technologies development.
In education sector, the advantage of augmented reality is also very outstanding, and for educator, the teaching based on augmented reality is a kind of brand-new, unique Teaching Experience; By means of the study of augmented reality and experimental tool, can help student to go process and profound the essence of being familiar with knowledge of enquiry learning knowledge, efficiently solve to a certain extent the restricted problem of experimental teaching under full-scale condition.
Body sense is human-computer interaction technology (Human-Computer Interaction Techniques) later development alternately.Body sense is a kind of new interactive mode occurring after virtual reality is mutual alternately, wherein body sense one word derives from somatic sensation television game, somatic sensation television game is a kind of electronic game of controlling that operates by perception body action, amplifies thus and the body sense technology come refers to body action recognition technology and carries out with this technology that software and hardware is controlled.Initial feeling device is all by the equipment of hand-held built-in 3-axis acceleration sensing chip, to simulate output user's action, use these equipment people easierly to carry out alternately with machine, but still thoroughly do not break away from the restriction of these equipment, until the Kinect of Microsoft emerges, people have just found the mutual input mode of breaking away from device-restrictive.
In November, 2011, Microsoft was the feeling device that its XBox game machine has been issued a Kinect of being called, and due to its advanced theory and good user's experience, caused thus one research boom, the synonym of lower body sense when Kinect also almost becomes.All trades and professions are also being launched rapidly relevant research, wherein the fastest with robot research, three-dimensional mapping and medical care progress.Revert to education sector, although which type of the body sense technology of Kinect representative can bring change to educational practice, also there is no generally acknowledged conclusion now, but there is theoretical research to show, Kinect can strengthen the interactivity of teaching environment, increase student's property of participation, improve the ability that teacher presents and operate multimedia materials, and can create alternately with the chance exchanging (Hsu H J.The potential of Kinect in education[J] .International Journal of Information and Education Technology, 2011, 1 (5): 365-370.), simultaneously, the example that Kinect is applied in education sector also starts to increase gradually, (the Chang Y J of the physics prosthetic appliance based on Kinect system such as three scholar's exploitations such as Chang Y J, Chen S F, Huang J D.A Kinect-based system for physical rehabilitation:A pilot study for young adults with motor disabilities[J] .Research in developmental disabilities, 2011,32 (6): 2566-2570) etc.These examples show, Kinect, for the problem aspect that solves the information transfer that virtual experimental interactive mode exists, has own unique advantage.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: overcome current magnet and magnetic induction line full-scale investigation poor effect, phenomenon is not obvious, and the shortcoming that virtual experimental telepresenc is strong, expressive force is weak, provide a kind of magnetic field visual and exchange method.This method for making flow process is simple, vivid, equipment needed thereby is uncomplicated, it is also extremely convenient to operate, in experimentation, not only the variation of magnetic induction line can be presented on screen completely in real time, and operator and real scene also can be synthesized and be rendered on screen, brings operator more true fine and smooth experience, build best immersion academic environment, be applicable to reviewing or learning by oneself and use after class after classroom demonstration and students in class.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: the visual and exchange method in a kind of magnetic field, and the method comprises magnetic induction line modeling flow process, flow process and synthetic three flow processs such as flow process of playing up are caught in body sense; Specifically comprise following steps:
Step (1) adopts D modeling tool and graphics engine, utilizes Biot-Savart law, builds magnet and magnetic induction line model;
Step (2) is transplanted to model in Kinect environment, adjusts interactive mode and coordinate system;
In Java3D, the magnet of user and foundation and magnetic induction line model are mainly undertaken alternately by the mode of mouse, and in the environment of Kinect, user can be undertaken alternately by gesture and the model defining, magnet is moved along with the movement of user's hand.Therefore in body sense, catch in flow process, need to debug the model of setting up in Java3D; Meanwhile, the coordinate system in the coordinate system in Java3D and Kinect environment is also different, so the coordinate processing mode moving for magnet also will be made corresponding adjustment.
In the environment of Java3D on the basis of the magnet of construction and magnetic induction line model, by this model is transplanted in Kinect environment, revise the interactive mode of model, remove mouse event behavior, add the function of Kinect natural interaction, simultaneously suitable adjustment and revise the coordinate system world, thus make magnet and the magnetic induction line model can be under Kinect environment, by how much states of mode real-time update of natural interaction, the model under kinect environment is called dummy model in the present invention.
Step (3) is utilized the camera of Kinect, and the true picture capturing and magnet and magnetic induction line model rendering are synthesized;
At the synthetic camera carrying by Kinect in playing up flow process, catch in real time the real scene of User Activity, the magnet calculating in dummy model is answered corresponding locus and direction, and be mapped on the magnet and magnetic induction line model of having set up, make position and the direction of dummy model produce corresponding variation, after the original scene real-time rendering that the camera of the dummy model after changing and Kinect is caught, obtain synthetic interactive image;
Step (4) is utilized the infrared camera of Kinect, and the distance of detecting user and equipment is controlled model rotation;
The data of obtaining according to the infrared camera of Kinect, calculate the relative distance of user and Kinect equipment, and be mapped in the anglec of rotation of magnet and magnetic induction line model, make the direction of dummy model that corresponding variation occur, thereby make user can change to control by far and near distance own and Kinect equipment the rotation of dummy model.
Step (5) user utilizes gesture moving magnet or rotary magnet model, observes magnetic induction line with the Changing Pattern of magnet.
Further, what in described step (1), use is the model that Java3D sets up magnetic induction line, the principle Biot-Savart law of its foundation, its magnetic induction line model of setting up has accurately reflected distribution situation and the direction of the magnetic induction line in bar magnet three dimensions around.
Further, in described step (3), catching real scene camera used is the camera that Kinect carries, without external unit.
Further, in described step (4), obtaining the camera that user and Kinect equipment adopts is the infrared camera that Kinect carries, thereby has guaranteed accuracy and the convenience of the data that obtain.
Principle of the present invention is:
Method of the present invention is mainly divided into magnetic induction line modeling flow process, and flow process and synthetic three flow processs such as flow process of playing up are caught in body sense; Adopt D modeling tool and graphics engine, utilize Biot-Savart law, construction bar magnet and magnetic induction line model; Model is transplanted in Kinect environment to interactive mode and the coordinate system of debugging user and model; Utilize the camera that Kinect carries to catch true picture, calculate locus and the direction of magnet, be mapped in dummy model, and calculate the size and Orientation of the magnetic induction line that magnet produces, be mapped in dummy model, the real scene that the dummy model of real-time change and camera are caught is played up the interactive scene that obtains synthesizing; Utilize the infrared camera that Kinect carries to obtain the relative distance of user and Kinect equipment, thereby by the change of relative distance, control the rotation of dummy model.
The present invention's beneficial effect is compared with prior art:
(1) the inventive method equipment is more efficient, it has been broken away from current physical teaching course magnet and the dependence of using inconvenient iron filings, adopted more real modeling pattern, utilize simple Kinect equipment, learner does not need operation bidirectional instruction button, as long as can see the synthetic magnetic induction line real-time change effect rendering by both hands moving magnet, such interaction approaches the operation behavior of true experiment, does not increase again jamais vu and the complicacy of operation in the sensory experience that improves learner.
(2) in the present invention, can detect the distance of user and equipment, and can be in real time according to the distance map of user and Kinect equipment in magnet and magnetic induction line model, calculate the corresponding anglec of rotation of model, and be presented in real time and play up on synthetic interaction figure picture, thereby make user to carry out rotating model by changing the distance of own and equipment.
(3) in the present invention, the interactive mode of user and magnet and magnetic induction line model is natural interactive style, no longer rely on the equipment such as the helmet used in augmented reality in the past or mark, but directly utilize both hands to carry out alternately with dummy model, thereby allow user obtain better mutual impression.
(4) augmented reality and natural interaction technology are merged in the present invention.Make user in operation, can on screen, clearly see the operation of oneself, and whole real environment.The camera carrying by Kinect equipment, can operate each time by recording user, can all catch the whole environment at user place again, by synthetic, play up in the program of being presented at, thereby for the operating experience that user provides exquisiteness true to nature, build the immersion academic environment that is conducive to user learning most.
(5) mark identification of the present invention, three-dimensional picture demonstration and mutual effect are all used Java language to realize, and because Java language self is cross-platform, background program of the present invention can be transplanted at different operating system.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of the visual and exchange method in a kind of magnetic field of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is equipment Kinect used in the present invention;
Fig. 3 is user of the present invention and magnet and magnetic induction line model interactive program process flow diagram;
Fig. 4 is that user of the present invention is by carrying out the program flow diagram of rotating model apart from change with equipment.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and the specific embodiments, introduce in detail the present invention.
The present invention is the visual and exchange method in a kind of magnetic field, comprises magnetic induction line modeling flow process, and flow process and synthetic three flow processs such as flow process of playing up are caught in body sense, make flow process as shown in Figure 1.Concrete steps are as described below:
(1) adopt D modeling tool and graphics engine, utilize Biot-Savart law, build magnet and magnetic induction line model;
First by D modeling tool, set up out the model of magnet as 3DS Max.Because what the present invention is directed to is bar magnet, so represent magnet by the cube of two, two cubes represent magnet the two poles of the earth with different colours respectively.After building two magnet models, magnet parameter is set, comprises magnet size, initial position, initial rotation angle degree, equivalent current unit quantity etc.By Biot-Savart law, for the arbitrfary point in space, calculate two magnet at the magnetic field size and Orientation at this some place afterwards, then by the synthetic method of vector, what obtain this some place closes magnetic field size and Orientation.Use afterwards two triangles to construct the model of a small magnetic needle, and small magnetic needle is positioned over to the centre of two magnet, make the arctic of small magnetic needle identical with the magnetic direction at place, small magnetic needle place.In calculating space, after the magnetic field size and Orientation of arbitrfary point, on two blocks of magnet, choose point of fixity, start to draw magnetic induction line.Utilize the method for infinitesimal analysis, get suitable distance and carry out integral and calculating, can draw out magnetic induction line along magnetic direction.Next utilize Java3D, realize mouse mutual, allow user to pull by mouse, rotary magnet.For any of magnet, once change, it no matter is mobile or rotation, re-use the magnetic field size and Orientation that Biot-Savart law calculates each point in space, the profit drafting magnetic induction line that uses the same method then, thus realize dummy model along with the mutual and real-time update of mouse.
(2) model is transplanted in Kinect environment, is adjusted interactive mode and coordinate system;
The model completing in step (1) is transplanted in Kinect environment, and is first removed mouse interactive mode.The gesture interaction mode of utilizing afterwards Kinect to define, arranges " Push " gesture and represents to start to identify user's both hands.Utilize Kinect equipment to obtain the coordinate (X of user's both hands
0, Y
0, Z
0), utilize experimental formula to be translated into the coordinate system (X of Java3D
1, Y
1, Z
1) (X
1=(X
0-300)/24; Y
1=(240-Y
0)/24; Z
1=Z
0); Afterwards the magnet in dummy model is moved to (X
1, Y
1, Z
1) position, and calculate in space a magnetic field size and Orientation for point, upgrade magnetic induction line model.
(3) utilize the camera of Kinect, the true picture capturing and magnet and magnetic induction line model rendering are synthesized;
The camera that utilizes Kinect equipment to carry, catches real scene.Utilize the real scene data that an independent thread captures Kinect to process, by the every triplets of data are resolved, obtain the rgb value of each point that Kinect catches, thereby restore real scene, and be positioned over the bottom of program panel.Recycle the coordinate that an independent thread reads user's hand, process the mutual of user and dummy model.Concrete reciprocal process as shown in Figure 3, is made after the gesture of " Push " when recognizing user, starts to carry out alternately, otherwise continues identification.Recognize after " Push " gesture, enter recurrent state.In each circulation, whether the hand that detects first successively user for example, does not move within the set time (1 second), and whether magnet or small magnetic needle model are chosen by user.Testing result is as shown in the table:
For 1., move selected model, and continue circulation.Move operation to magnet or small magnetic needle is identical with step (2);
For 2., cancel the selected state of selected model, and continue circulation;
For 3., continue circulation;
For 4., further judge that user's the coordinate of hand is whether in the scope that magnet or small magnetic needle occupy: if choose magnet or small magnetic needle, and continue circulation; If not, continue circulation;
Finally, by mobile or change after dummy model be positioned in program panel on real scene, can render synthetic interactive scene.
Step (4) is utilized the infrared camera of Kinect, and the distance of detecting user and equipment is controlled model rotation;
Utilize the infrared camera of Kinect, can obtain the depth coordinate of two hands of user, thereby control the rotation of dummy model.Concrete reciprocal process as shown in Figure 4, is made after the gesture of " Push " when recognizing user, starts to carry out alternately, otherwise continues identification.Recognize after " Push " gesture, first obtain the depth coordinate value Z that utilizes the infrared camera of Kinect to obtain two hands of user
1, Z
2judged whether that afterwards magnet or small magnetic needle are selected, if so, the interference bringing for fear of the change in depth causing in user's moving magnet or small magnetic needle process, model will not be rotated, but again read the depth coordinate value of two hands of user and judge; If not, rule of thumb formula calculates anglec of rotation θ (θ=(Z
1-Z
2)/200, when θ is greater than 0, represent that dummy model take X and turn clockwise as axle, when θ is less than 0, represent that dummy model take X and be rotated counterclockwise as axle).Rotation angle θ is mapped in dummy model, then the true picture of the dummy model after rotation and program panel bottom is synthesized and played up, can obtain the synthetic interaction scenarios of real time rotation.
The part that the present invention does not elaborate belongs to techniques well known.
Claims (6)
1. the visual and exchange method in magnetic field, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
Step (1) adopts D modeling tool and graphics engine, utilize Biot-Savart law, build a model that contains magnet and magnetic induction line, i.e. magnet and magnetic induction line model, the interactive operation that utilizes mouse that the magnet in this model and magnetic induction line are moved and rotated;
Step (2) is transplanted to the model that contains magnet and magnetic induction line in Kinect environment, obtains the dummy model under Kinect environment, adjusts interactive mode and coordinate system; Be specially:
The magnet and the magnetic induction line model that utilize D modeling tool and graphics engine to set up are transplanted in Kinect environment, and remove the mouse event behavior in former magnet and magnetic induction line model, add the function of Kinect natural interaction, adjust simultaneously and revise the coordinate system in D modeling tool, thereby set up the dummy model under Kinect environment, in this dummy model, contain equally magnet and magnetic induction line, under Kinect environment, how much states that the mode by natural interaction just can real-time update dummy model;
Step (3) is utilized the camera of Kinect, and the true picture capturing and magnet and magnetic induction line model rendering are synthesized;
At the synthetic camera carrying by Kinect in playing up flow process, catch in real time the real scene of User Activity, calculate the magnet in dummy model under Kinect environment and answer corresponding locus and direction, and be mapped on the magnet and magnetic induction line in the dummy model of having set up, position and the direction of the dummy model that makes to contain magnet and magnetic induction line produce corresponding variation, after the original scene real-time rendering that the camera of the dummy model after changing and Kinect is caught, obtain synthetic interactive image;
Step (4) is utilized the infrared camera of Kinect, and the distance of detecting user and equipment is controlled dummy model rotation;
The data of obtaining according to the infrared camera of Kinect, calculate the relative distance of user and Kinect equipment, and be mapped in the space geometry variation of magnet and magnetic induction line model, make the direction of dummy model that corresponding variation occur, make user can change to control by far and near distance own and Kinect equipment the Geometrical change of dummy model;
Step (5) user utilizes gesture to move or rotates the magnet model in dummy model, observes magnetic induction line with the Changing Pattern of magnet.
2. the visual and exchange method in magnetic field according to claim 1, is characterized in that, what in described step (1), use is that Java3D sets up the model that comprises magnet and magnetic induction line, and the principle of its foundation is Biot-Savart law; Arbitrfary point in space, utilizes Biot-Savart law, calculates two magnet at the magnetic field size and Orientation at this some place, then by the synthetic method of vector, and what obtain this some place closes magnetic field size and Orientation; Magnetic induction line in the model of setting up according to the method has reflected distribution situation and the direction of the magnetic induction line in bar magnet three dimensions around.
3. the visual and exchange method in magnetic field according to claim 2; it is characterized in that, in described step (2), the model that contains magnet and magnetic induction line building is transplanted in Kinect environment; obtain the dummy model under Kinect environment, in this dummy model, include magnet and magnetic induction line; The gesture interaction mode of utilizing Kinect to define, " Push " gesture is set and represents to start to identify user's both hands, and revise the coordinate system of dummy model in Kinect environment, thereby realize user and move the magnet in dummy model under Kinect environment by both hands, and make magnetic induction line in dummy model along with the movement of magnet real-time update; Particularly, the gesture that flow process is made " Push " user to be detected starts to enter recurrent state; In each circulation, whether the hand that detects first successively user does not move within the set time, and in dummy model, whether magnet or small magnetic needle are chosen by user; Testing result is as shown in the table:
For 1., move selected magnet or small magnetic needle, and continue circulation;
For 2., cancel the selected state of selected magnet or small magnetic needle, and continue circulation;
For 3., continue circulation;
For 4., further judge in user's the coordinate scope that the magnet in dummy model or small magnetic needle occupy of hand: if choose magnet or small magnetic needle, and continue circulation; If not, continue circulation;
Finally, by mobile or change after dummy model be positioned in program panel on real scene, render synthetic interactive scene.
4. the visual and exchange method in magnetic field according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (3), catching real scene camera used is the camera that Kinect carries, without external unit.
5. the visual and exchange method in magnetic field according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (4), user controls the rotation of dummy model by the distance of both hands and Kinect equipment; Particularly, when the small magnetic needle in dummy model is not selected, the distance according to two hands from Kinect, calculates the anglec of rotation, thereby realizes the real time rotation of dummy model; And small magnetic needle in dummy model is when selected, model is not rotated.
6. the visual and exchange method in magnetic field according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (5), user and equipment directly utilizes both hands to do natural interaction can to complete, not need mouse, keyboard or other special marking arrangement alternately; In the process of operation, user can see himself residing real scene in real time simultaneously.
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| CN109961520A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-07-02 | 深圳职业技术学院 | A kind of classroom VR/MR and its construction method based on third visual angle technology |
| CN111275731A (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2020-06-12 | 杭州师范大学 | Projection type real object interactive desktop system and method for middle school experiment |
| CN111275731B (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2023-08-18 | 杭州师范大学 | Projection type physical interaction desktop system and method for middle school experiments |
| CN112528476B (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2023-02-28 | 华中师范大学 | Magnetic field visualization method, system and equipment for virtual-actual fusion experiment |
| CN112528476A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-03-19 | 华中师范大学 | Magnetic field visualization method, system and equipment for virtual-real fusion experiment |
| CN113655415B (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2023-01-17 | 东北大学 | Augmented reality online visualization method for magnetic field distribution |
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