CN103760619A - Method and device for monitoring coal field fire zone - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and device for monitoring a coal field fire zone. The method for monitoring the coal field fire zone comprises the steps that a hyperspectral thermal infrared image of a target zone on the ground is obtained; thermal radiation information of an object in the target zone is obtained through the hyperspectral thermal infrared image of the target zone; a temperature abnormal zone in the target zone is obtained according to the thermal radiation information of the object in the target zone; the position of the coal field fire zone in the hyperspectral thermal infrared image is determined through the temperature abnormal zone in the target zone. According to the method and device for monitoring the coal field fire zone, the problem that the position of the coal field fire zone cannot be accurately monitored in the related technology is solved.

Description

The monitoring method of coalfield flame range and device

Technical field

The present invention relates to geological exploration field, in particular to monitoring method and the device of a kind of coalfield flame range.

Background technology

Northern Part of China coal resources are very abundant, are main coal exploitations and comprehensive utilization base.Because the coal seam in most of coalfield is thick, compose deposit shallow, and in arid and Semi-arid environment, so the oxidation and spontaneous combustion very easily of coal seam, and then formation large area coalfield flame range and Mine Fire.In addition, the large-scale development in coalfield, makes coal seam large area exposed, more accelerated spreading of coalfield flame range, this has not only directly destroyed coal resources, but also indirectly caused decades of times treat can not developing of stagnant resource, and then directly endangered the safety in production in colliery.At present, underground coalfield flame range has become the problem of overall importance that relates to conservation of resources, ecologic environment, population and economic development.

For example, discharge a large amount of harmful gases during coal combustion and can cause a series of ecological environment problems such as land subsidence, drinking water pollution and association of plants and animals's destruction.

For eliminating generation and the development of coalfield spontaneous combustion, in correlation technique, monitoring for coalfield flame range, general Digitalisation and the gas analytical plan of adopting, or adopt ground spectrum monitoring scheme, or adopt single band Thermal Remote Sensing Image scheme, but such scheme technology is single, monitoring precision for the profile of coalfield flame range is not high, and then cannot well instruct the enforcement of fire extinguishing engineering.

For example, Digitalisation and gas analytical plan can only monitor some discrete coalfield flame range points, and these discrete coalfield flame range points can not reflect that whole coalfield flame range is ascended the throne exactly, put.

Problem for position that can not monitor coalfield flame range in correlation technique, not yet proposes effective solution at present.

Summary of the invention

Fundamental purpose of the present invention is to provide monitoring method and the device of a kind of coalfield flame range, to solve in correlation technique the problem of profile that can not monitor coalfield flame range.

To achieve these goals, according to an aspect of the present invention, provide the monitoring method of a kind of coalfield flame range.The method comprises: the high spectrum thermal infrared imagery that obtains target area on ground; By the high spectrum thermal infrared imagery of target area, obtain the thermal radiation information of object in target area; According to the thermal radiation information of object in target area, obtain the temperature anomaly region in target area; And determine the position of the coalfield flame range in high spectrum thermal infrared imagery by the temperature anomaly region in target area.

Further, after the high spectrum thermal infrared imagery by target area obtains the thermal radiation information of object in target area, the monitoring method of coalfield flame range also comprises: the thermal radiation information of separating objects, obtain the corresponding temperature of object and the emissivity of object of thermal radiation information of object, wherein, the temperature anomaly region obtaining in target area according to the thermal radiation information of object in target area comprises: according to the temperature of object, obtain the temperature anomaly region in target area; According to the emissivity of object, the object in temperature anomaly region is distinguished and the object abnormal area in temperature anomaly region is rejected; Coalfield flame range using the temperature anomaly region after rejecting object abnormal area in high spectrum thermal infrared imagery.

Further, before the position of the coalfield flame range in high spectrum thermal infrared imagery is determined in the temperature anomaly region by target area, the monitoring method of coalfield flame range also comprises: the High Resolution Visible Light remote sensing image that obtains target area; According to High Resolution Visible Light remote sensing image, obtain the classification chart of object in target area; By the classification chart of object and the high spectrum thermal infrared imagery stack of rejecting the temperature anomaly region after object abnormal area, obtain object classification-Gao spectrum thermal infrared superimposed image; And using region corresponding with object classification-Gao spectrum thermal infrared superimposed image in high spectrum thermal infrared imagery as coalfield flame range.

Further, before the position of the coalfield flame range in high spectrum thermal infrared imagery is determined in the temperature anomaly region by target area, the monitoring method of coalfield flame range also comprises: the high-resolution radar image that obtains target area; According to the ground fallout plot of high-resolution radar image capturing target area; By ground fallout plot and the stack of classification-Gao spectrum thermal infrared superimposed image, obtain land subsidence-object classification-Gao spectrum thermal infrared superimposed image; And using region corresponding with land subsidence-object classification-Gao spectrum thermal infrared superimposed image in high spectrum thermal infrared imagery as coalfield flame range.

Further, the high-resolution radar image that obtains target area comprises: the high-resolution radar image of many phases that obtains target area.

To achieve these goals, according to a further aspect in the invention, provide the monitoring device of a kind of coalfield flame range.This device comprises: the first acquiring unit, for obtaining the high spectrum thermal infrared imagery of target area on ground; Second acquisition unit, for obtaining the thermal radiation information of object in target area by the high spectrum thermal infrared imagery of target area; The 3rd acquiring unit, for obtaining the temperature anomaly region in target area according to the thermal radiation information of object in target area; And determining unit, for the temperature anomaly region by target area, determine the position of the coalfield flame range of high spectrum thermal infrared imagery.

Further, the monitoring device of coalfield flame range also comprises: separative element, for after the high spectrum thermal infrared imagery by target area obtains the thermal radiation information of object in target area, the thermal radiation information of separating objects, obtain the corresponding temperature of object and the emissivity of object of thermal radiation information of object, wherein, the 3rd acquiring unit comprises: the first acquisition module, for obtain the temperature anomaly region in target area according to the temperature of object; Reject module, for the object in temperature anomaly region being distinguished according to the emissivity of object and the object abnormal area in temperature anomaly region being rejected; Determination module, for the coalfield flame range using the temperature anomaly region after rejecting object abnormal area as high spectrum thermal infrared imagery.

Further, the monitoring device of coalfield flame range also comprises: the 4th acquiring unit, before determining the position of coalfield flame range of high spectrum thermal infrared imagery in the temperature anomaly region by target area, obtain the High Resolution Visible Light remote sensing image of target area; The 5th acquiring unit, for obtaining the classification chart of object in target area according to High Resolution Visible Light remote sensing image; The first superpositing unit, for by the classification chart of object and the high spectrum thermal infrared imagery stack of rejecting the temperature anomaly region after object abnormal area, obtains object classification-Gao spectrum thermal infrared superimposed image; And determining unit is also for using the high spectrum thermal infrared imagery region corresponding with object classification-Gao spectrum thermal infrared superimposed image as coalfield flame range.

Further, the monitoring device of coalfield flame range also comprises: the 6th acquiring unit, before determining the position of coalfield flame range of high spectrum thermal infrared imagery, obtains the high-resolution radar image of target area for the temperature anomaly region by target area; The 7th acquiring unit, for according to the ground fallout plot of high-resolution radar image capturing target area; The second superpositing unit, for by ground fallout plot and the stack of classification-Gao spectrum thermal infrared superimposed image, obtains land subsidence-object classification-Gao spectrum thermal infrared superimposed image; And determining unit is using region corresponding with land subsidence-object classification-Gao spectrum thermal infrared superimposed image in high spectrum thermal infrared imagery as coalfield flame range.

Further, the 6th acquiring unit is also for obtaining the high-resolution radar image of many phases of target area.

By the present invention, adopt the high spectrum thermal infrared imagery that obtains target area on ground; By the high spectrum thermal infrared imagery of described target area, obtain the thermal radiation information of object in described target area; According to the thermal radiation information of object in described target area, obtain the temperature anomaly region in described target area; And determine the position of the coalfield flame range in described high spectrum thermal infrared imagery by the temperature anomaly region in described target area, solve in correlation technique the problem of profile that can not monitor coalfield flame range, and then reached the effect of accurate monitoring coalfield flame range.

Accompanying drawing explanation

The accompanying drawing that forms the application's a part is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and schematic description and description of the present invention is used for explaining the present invention, does not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is according to the process flow diagram of the monitoring method of the coalfield flame range of first embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 2 is according to the curve map of the atmosphere uplink and downlink radiation consistent with TASI band setting with MODTRAN inverting of the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is according to the curve map of the atmospheric transmittance consistent with TASI band setting with MODTRAN simulation of the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is according to the process flow diagram of the monitoring method of the coalfield flame range of second embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 5 is according to the structural representation of the monitoring device of the coalfield flame range of first embodiment of the invention; And

Fig. 6 is according to the structural representation of the monitoring device of the coalfield flame range of second embodiment of the invention.

Embodiment

It should be noted that, in the situation that not conflicting, embodiment and the feature in embodiment in the application can combine mutually.Describe below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments the present invention in detail.

In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the present invention program, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, to being clearly and completely described in the embodiment of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only the embodiment of a part of the present invention, rather than whole embodiment.Embodiment based in the present invention, does not make the every other embodiment obtaining under creative work prerequisite those of ordinary skills, all should belong to protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that, the term " first " in instructions of the present invention and claims and above-mentioned accompanying drawing, " second " etc. are for distinguishing similar object, and needn't be for describing specific order or precedence.The data that should be appreciated that such use suitably can exchanged in situation, so as embodiments of the invention described herein can with except diagram here or describe those order enforcement.In addition, term " comprises " and " having " and their any distortion, is intended to be to cover not exclusive comprising.

According to embodiments of the invention, the monitoring method of a kind of coalfield flame range is provided, the monitoring method of this coalfield flame range is for the coalfield flame range in monitoring objective region.The monitoring method of this coalfield flame range may operate on computer-processing equipment.

Fig. 1 is according to the process flow diagram of the monitoring method of the coalfield flame range of first embodiment of the invention.

As shown in Figure 1, the method comprises that following step S101 is to step S104:

Step S101, obtains the high spectrum thermal infrared imagery of target area on ground.

Target area can be the region on predefined earth surface, and for example, target area can be the Chinese North China in geographic significance etc.High spectrum thermal infrared imagery is for recording the thermal radiation information of the object in target area on ground.It should be noted that, high spectrum refers to that wavelength is the spectrum of 8-12 micron.In embodiments of the present invention, object on ground in target area can be atural object, and wherein, atural object refers to the general name of various corporeal things on ground (as mountains and rivers, forest, buildings etc.) and intangibles (Ru Sheng, circle, county etc.), relatively-stationary object on general reference earth surface, hereinafter to be referred as atural object.

The high spectrum thermal infrared imagery that obtains target area on ground can obtain by thermal detector the high spectrum thermal infrared imagery of atural object in target area.It should be noted that, the experimental data of the high spectrum thermal infrared imagery that the embodiment of the present invention adopts can be captured by the high spectrum thermal infrared sensor of airborne TASI600, wherein, the wavelength band of high spectrum can be 8000nm-1150nm, and its wave band interval can be 100nm left and right.

On getting ground, after the high spectrum thermal infrared imagery of target area, can carry out atmospheric correction to high spectrum thermal infrared imagery, atmospheric correction can be realized the conversion from the brightness of sensor spoke to ground spoke brightness.

Particularly, suppose that earth's surface, for lambert's body, in conjunction with Kirchhoff law, can be converted into ground spoke brightness by the brightness of sensor spoke by following formula:

L _i=τ _iε _iB _i(T _s)+τ _i(1-ε _i)L _atm↓,i+L _atm↑,i （1）

Wherein, Li is the radiance value of the i wave band that receives of sensor, ε _ibe the emissivity of i wave band, B _i(T _s) for black matrix is the emitted radiation under Ts in Target scalar radiation temperature, Bi represents Planck function, τ _ibe the atmospheric transmittance of i wave band, L _{atm ↑, i}and L _{atm ↓, i}be respectively the atmosphere uplink and downlink radiation of atmosphere.For example, can use the atmosphere uplink and downlink radiation consistent with TASI band setting of MODTRAN inverting, and can obtain the atmospheric transmittance consistent with TASI band setting with MODTRAN simulation, as shown in Figure 2, solid line represents the up radiation of atmosphere, dotted line represents Downward atmospheric long-wave radiation, and as shown in Figure 3, solid line represents atmospheric transmittance.

Step S102, obtains the thermal radiation information of object in target area by the high spectrum thermal infrared imagery of target area.

Due to all objects, as long as its temperature surpasses absolute zero (being Calvin degree Celsius), will launch infrared radiation (claiming again heat radiation), therefore high spectrum thermal infrared imagery can comprise temperature (T) information and emissivity (ε) information of object, wherein, emissivity refers at identical temperature and wavelength, the ratio of the radiant exitance of object and the radiant exitance of black matrix, emissivity dimensionless, it is worth between 0～1.Emissivity is the particular attribute of object, with launched thermal infrared wave-wave long correlation.In addition, emissivity is also referred to as emissivity.

In embodiments of the present invention, the atural object in target area can have different temperature informations according to factors such as its character, therefore according to the temperature information of high spectrum thermal infrared imagery, can obtain the temperature of different atural objects in target area.For example, can obtain respectively the temperature of the atural objects such as mountains and rivers, river, colliery, and owing to there are differences between atural object, therefore different its temperature of atural object can be different.

After obtaining the best estimate of Target scalar, the emissivity of Target scalar can calculate by following formula:

${\mathrm{\ϵ}}_i=\frac{L_{\mathrm{gi}}-L_{\mathrm{atm}\↓,i}}{B_i\left(T_s\right)-L_{\mathrm{atm}\↓,i}}---\left(2\right)$

Wherein, L _gi=(L _i-L _{atm ↑, i})/τ _i, Lgi represents the ground spoke brightness of i wave band, the implication of its dependent variable is with above-mentioned.

Step S103, obtains the temperature anomaly region in target area according to the thermal radiation information of object in target area.

Because the coal burning in the flame range of coalfield can discharge a large amount of heats, so the temperature in the temperature of the coalfield flame range region more corresponding than its atural object is around high, and like this, temperature anomaly region refers to that temperature is than the high region of temperature in the region that atural object is corresponding around.

For example, around the temperature ratio of certain atural object, the temperature of atural object is high 5 degrees Celsius, and the region that this certain atural object is corresponding can be the temperature anomaly region in target area.

The temperature anomaly region obtaining in target area according to the thermal radiation information of object in target area can be the region that obtains a plurality of temperature anomalies in target area, and the region of a plurality of temperature anomalies of obtaining can be geographically from region.

Step S104, determines the position of the coalfield flame range in high spectrum thermal infrared imagery by the temperature anomaly region in target area.

After temperature anomaly region in getting target area, can be according to the corresponding relation of the longitude and latitude of the shared longitude and latitude scope in temperature anomaly region and high spectrum thermal infrared imagery, in high spectrum thermal infrared imagery, by determining the mode of the profile of coalfield flame range, determine the position of coalfield flame range.In addition, after temperature anomaly region in getting target area, can also be according to the corresponding relation of the coordinate of the scope of the shared coordinate in temperature anomaly region and high spectrum thermal infrared imagery, in high spectrum thermal infrared imagery, by determining the mode of the profile of coalfield flame range, determine the position of coalfield flame range.After determining the position of coalfield flame range, can store the positional information of coalfield flame range.

Pass through the embodiment of the present invention, the light wave of different wave length can not be separated and compared with single band, due to spectrum have can be separated characteristic, the spectral separation of the light wave of different wave length can be come, like this, utilize high spectrum thermal infrared imagery obtain the temperature anomaly region in target area and be defined as the impact that coalfield flame range can be avoided much noise, and then obtain the position of coalfield flame range and the profile of coalfield flame range more accurately.

Fig. 2 is according to the process flow diagram of the monitoring method of the coalfield flame range of second embodiment of the invention.

As shown in Figure 2, the monitoring method of this coalfield flame range comprises that following step S201 is to step S207, and this embodiment can be used as preferred implementation embodiment illustrated in fig. 1.

Step S201 and step S202, with step S101 embodiment illustrated in fig. 1 and step S102, do not repeat them here respectively.

Step S203, the thermal radiation information of separating objects, obtains the corresponding temperature of object and the emissivity of object of thermal radiation information of object.

Preferably, after the high spectrum thermal infrared imagery by target area obtains the thermal radiation information of object in target area, the temperature of atural object and emissivity can be separated from the thermal radiation information of atural object.Particularly, can the temperature of atural object and emissivity be separated by temperature-emissivity inversion algorithm:

First, initialization atural object is at the estimated value T0 of emissivity ε 0 and the atural object temperature of N wave band, like this, can eliminate the impact of sky radiation by iteration repeatedly.Wherein, according to following formula, calculate relative emissivity, the emissivity minimum value of each wave band atural object:

${\mathrm{\β}}_i=\frac{{\mathrm{\ϵ}}_i}{\mathrm{\ϵ}}\frac{L_i/B_i\left(T_s^0\right)}{\left(\frac{1}{N}\underset{i}{\mathrm{\Σ}}{L}_i\right)/\left(\frac{1}{N}\underset{i}{\mathrm{\Σ}}{B}_i\left(T_s^0\right)\right)}---\left(3\right)$

β _min=a-b*MMD ^c （4）

It should be noted that, while applying different sensing datas, coefficient a, b in formula (4) can get different values, therefore set up the emissivity empirical relationship adapting with TASI wave band, can improve inversion accuracy.

Then, set up the empirical relationship of emissivity.

In embodiments of the present invention, can use ASTER(PC virtual machine terminal) and Moderate Imaging Spectroradiomete (Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, abbreviation MODIS) 274 curves of spectrum that storehouse, POP provides, these curve of spectrum unifications are changed into emissivity curve, and based on types of ground objects such as water body, vegetation, soil, mineral, building materials and part man-made features, set up the empirical relationship consistent with TASI600, specifically can set up in the following manner corresponding empirical relationship:

(1) these data are resampled into the emissivity curve consistent with TASI600 band setting.

(2) calculate the ratio of each band emission rate of every kind of atural object and this curve average, formula is as follows:

${\mathrm{\β}}_i=\frac{{\mathrm{\ϵ}}_i}{\frac{1}{32}\underset{n=1}{\overset{32}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{\ϵ}}_n}---\left(5\right)$

(3) calculate MMD=max (β _i)-min (β _i) (i=1～32) (6)

Wherein, MMD represents the difference of emissivity maximal value and minimum value.

(4) exponential relationship obtaining through matching is shown below:

β _min=0.9924-0.9174×MMD ^0.9723 （7）

(r ²=0.988,SD=0.0156)

Finally, temperature is separated with emissivity.Absolute transmission rate ε i tries to achieve according to following formula:

${\mathrm{\ϵ}}_i={\mathrm{\β}}_i\frac{{\mathrm{\β}}_{\min }}{\min \left({\mathrm{\β}}_i\right)}---\left(8\right)$

$T_s=B_i^{-1}\left[\frac{L_i-(1-{\mathrm{\ϵ}}_i)L_{\mathrm{atm},i}^{\↓}}{{\mathrm{\ϵ}}_i}\right]---\left(9\right)$

Wherein, by formula (8) substitution formula (2), can obtain a surface temperature TS.Circulation said process, until the difference of the twice iteration gained land surface temperature in front and back is less than the threshold value setting in advance.

Step S204, obtains the temperature anomaly region in target area according to the temperature of object.

Because the coal of coalfield flame range can discharge a large amount of heats when the burning, therefore, the temperature of coalfield flame range generally can be higher than the temperature of periphery atural object, like this, by the temperature information of separating, can determine the temperature anomaly region in target area.

Particularly, can determine in the following manner the temperature anomaly region in target area:

First, can obtain the temperature of Target scalar and the temperature of Target scalar periphery atural object.

Then, calculate the temperature gap of the temperature of Target scalar and the temperature of Target scalar periphery atural object, and judge whether temperature gap is greater than preset value.

Finally, if judge temperature gap, be greater than preset value, determine that region corresponding to this Target scalar is temperature anomaly region.

Step S205, distinguishes the object in temperature anomaly region according to the emissivity of object and the object abnormal area in temperature anomaly region is rejected.

Again owing to can having the atural objects such as waters and buildings in target area, and according to the temperature characterisitic of water, especially in the winter time, waters temperature is generally high than the temperature of periphery atural object, in addition, buildings is because of the reason of heat supply in winter, and its temperature also can be higher than the temperature of periphery atural object, the region that can comprise like this, the doubtful coalfield flame range that waters and buildings etc. are corresponding in temperature anomaly region.Because the corresponding unique different emissivity of different atural object, so can the atural object in temperature anomaly region be distinguished according to the emissivity of atural object and the atural object abnormal area in temperature anomaly region is rejected, particularly, can in the following manner atural object be distinguished and the atural object abnormal area in temperature anomaly region is rejected:

First, obtain the emissivity of all atural objects in temperature anomaly region and the emissivity of coalfield flame range, then, by the emissivity of all atural objects and the emissivity of coalfield flame range contrast one by one, finally, judgement comparing result, if comparing result shows that the emissivity of atural object is identical with the emissivity of coalfield flame range, the region that this earth's surface thing is corresponding is coalfield flame range, otherwise, the region that this earth's surface thing is corresponding is doubtful coalfield flame range, after judging all doubtful coalfield flame ranges, all doubtful coalfield flame ranges is rejected from temperature anomaly region.Wherein, doubtful coalfield flame range is object abnormal area.

Step S206, the coalfield flame range using the temperature anomaly region after rejecting object abnormal area in high spectrum thermal infrared imagery.

Step S207, the step S104 with embodiment illustrated in fig. 1, does not repeat them here.

Pass through the embodiment of the present invention, first according to the temperature information of atural object, obtain temperature anomaly region, thereby can obtain the approximate range of coalfield flame range, and then utilize the emissivity information of atural object can be by object abnormal area in temperature anomaly region, for example, waters and buildings can be rejected, to obtain coalfield flame range more accurately.

Preferably, in embodiments of the present invention, before the position of the coalfield flame range in high spectrum thermal infrared imagery is determined in the temperature anomaly region by target area, the monitoring method of coalfield flame range also comprises:

Step 11, obtains the High Resolution Visible Light remote sensing image of target area.

In embodiments of the present invention, the High Resolution Visible Light remote sensing image of the target area obtaining can be WorldView-2 satellite image data, wherein, WorldView-2 satellite can provide multispectral (as spectrum such as red, green, blue, near infrareds) image of 0.5 meter of resolution panchromatic image and 1.8 meters of resolution, and the average return visit cycle of WorldView-2 satellite is 1.1 days.Visible spectral remote sensing image can merge the chromatic image forming mutually for multispectral image and panchromatic image, and its spatial resolution can be 0.5 meter.Like this, by by High Resolution Visible Light remote sensing image with determined that the stack of high spectrum thermal infrared imagery of the position of coalfield flame range contrasts, and can extract the region of the doubtful coalfield flame ranges such as target area inner region area waters less and that temperature is higher, buildings, grassland from the flame range of coalfield.

Preferably, after obtaining the High Resolution Visible Light remote sensing image of target area, can to High Resolution Visible Light remote sensing image, carry out the pre-service of image, wherein, the pre-service of image can comprise ortho-rectification, visual fusion and image mosaic, particularly:

(1) ortho-rectification

High Resolution Visible Light remote sensing image is when imaging, due to projection mode, sensor elements of exterior orientation changes, sensor information is inhomogeneous, earth curvature, topographic relief, the impact of the factors such as earth rotation, make the High Resolution Visible Light remote sensing image that obtains have certain geometry deformation with respect to the atural object of target area, like this, geometric figure on image and the geometric figure of this atural object in selected map projection will produce difference, thereby cause the geometric figure of atural object and the distortion of position, this species diversity main manifestations is displacement, rotation, convergent-divergent, affine, distortion crooked or more high-order etc., and the process of eliminating this species diversity is called ortho-rectification.

In embodiments of the present invention, can adopt the NITF RPC model in ERDAS IMAGIN software to carry out ortho-rectification.It should be noted that, be all single band black-and-white image through the image of ortho-rectification, like this, can select the light wave of three kinds of wave bands of red, yellow, and green to carry out wave band synthetic, and then to generate resolution be the chromatic image of 1.8 meters.

(2) visual fusion

If wanting to obtain more high-resolution chromatic image just need to merge the chromatic image of low resolution and high-resolution panchromatic image, the result merging can retain the colouring information of chromatic image, can retain again the spatial resolution information of panchromatic image.

In embodiments of the present invention, can be that the panchromatic image that the chromatic image of 1.8 meters and resolution are 0.5 meter merges by the resolution of above-mentioned generation, thereby obtain resolution, be the chromatic image of 0.5 meter.It should be noted that, resolution is that the chromatic image of 0.5 meter is pseudo-colours image, and the vegetation information in this chromatic image and waters information have obtained enhancing.Like this, during the high spectrum thermal infrared imagery stack of the High Resolution Visible Light remote sensing image that vegetation information and waters information strengthen and target area, can be exactly by the less rejectings such as waters, buildings and vegetation of the area in the flame range of coalfield.

(3) image mosaic

Image mosaic is by two width or several image joints together, forms the technical process of a width overall image.During image mosaic, should meet the details of adjacent image on splicing line in geometrically docking one by one, also will guarantee that the tone of adjacent image is consistent.

In the invention process, the High Resolution Visible Light remote sensing image of target area can be formed by 3 width image mosaics, and its to inlay effect better.

Step 12, obtains the classification chart of object in target area according to High Resolution Visible Light remote sensing image.

In embodiments of the present invention, by High Resolution Visible Light remote sensing image is carried out to pre-service, the resolution that obtains target area is the chromatic image of 0.5 meter, after obtaining above-mentioned chromatic image, can different atural object in target area be classified by artificial mode, and then obtain the classification chart of atural object in target area, wherein this classification chart is the High Resolution Visible Light remote sensing image with terrain classification information.

Step 13, by the classification chart of object and the high spectrum thermal infrared imagery stack of rejecting the temperature anomaly region after object abnormal area, obtains object classification-Gao spectrum thermal infrared superimposed image.

To there is the High Resolution Visible Light remote sensing image of terrain classification information and the high spectrum thermal infrared imagery of the coalfield flame range in step S207 superposes, after stack, can obtain object classification-Gao spectrum thermal infrared superimposed image.

In embodiments of the present invention, by object classification-Gao spectrum thermal infrared superimposed image is carried out to manual analysis, the obvious non-coal fire region (small size waters, bastard coal clitter, small-sized only culture etc.) of erroneous judgement in early stage can be extracted, further obtain the coalfield flame range that degree of accuracy is higher.

Step 14, using region corresponding with object classification-Gao spectrum thermal infrared superimposed image in high spectrum thermal infrared imagery as coalfield flame range.

Further preferably, before the position of the coalfield flame range in high spectrum thermal infrared imagery is determined in the temperature anomaly region by target area, the monitoring method of coalfield flame range also comprises:

Step 21, obtains the high-resolution radar image of target area.

In embodiments of the present invention, the high-resolution radar image that obtains target area can be for obtaining the high resolving power difference radar interference image of target area, and high resolving power difference radar interference image can obtain by radar differential interferometry measuring technique.High-resolution radar image can reflect the ground deformation situation of target area exactly.

In embodiments of the present invention, can interval preset time period obtain two panel height resolution radar images, like this, the contrast by this two panel heights resolution radar image, can obtain ground settlement and deformation information in preset time period.Further preferably, the high-resolution radar image that obtains target area can comprise the high-resolution radar image of many phases that obtains target area, high-resolution radar image of many phases is the high-resolution radar image in a plurality of Preset Times interval, wherein, a plurality of Preset Times interval can be the uniform time interval.

In embodiments of the present invention, can adopt TerreSAR-X data, its spatial resolution is 1 meter, altogether obtains 12 phase radar image data, wherein, and one month, two phase image interval in same time series.

By obtaining the high-resolution radar image of many phases of target area, can obtain in target area the more fully information of ground settlement and earth's surface distortion.After obtaining the high-resolution radar image of many phases of target area, can carry out data pre-service to it.Adjacent two width radar images carry out differential interferometry processing, can obtain 11 phase of target area Ground Deformation image.

It should be noted that, the present invention can adopt the mode of InSAR interferometry to obtain high-resolution radar image of many phases, and the phase place of InSAR interferometry mainly contains several parts compositions, can represent with formula below:

Wherein, for the phase place of orographic factor contribution, the phase place causing for Ground Deformation,

for atmosphere delay phase place,

for the phase place being caused by reference planes,

for noise phase.

Particularly, high-resolution radar image carries out data pre-service and can comprise by D-InSAR entering horizontal phasing control and by two rail methods, generating the interference fringe picture of two panel height resolution radar imaged images:

(1) by D-InSAR, entering horizontal phasing control can be measured and be incited somebody to action by D-InSAR differential interferometry

with

four eliminations, the only remaining phase place being caused by Ground Deformation

(2) two rail methods i.e. two rail synthetic-aperture radar differential interferometries, and two rail methods can generate interference fringe picture, φ by two width radar images _d, digital elevation model (Digital Elevation Model, vehicle economy M digital simulation landform phase diagram φ that recycling is obtained in advance _sim, from interference fringe picture, eliminate terrain information, adopt filtering technique to remove noise effect, just obtain the deformation data Δ R on earth's surface, wherein, Δ R is by formula

try to achieve.

The flow process of two rail synthetic-aperture radar differential interferometry Measurement and Data Processing is as follows:

Step 211, Image registration.

The registration of two width radar images is that interferometer radar (Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar is called for short InSAR) is interfered an important step in treatment scheme.If two width SAR images do not have accuracy registration, interference fringe will be fuzzy, even can not generate interference fringe, and signal appears to noise.Different from general remote sensing images, in plural image, not only contain phase information but also contain strength information.Therefore main image and have three kinds of modes from the matching process of image: the method for registering based on gray scale (signal amplitude), the method for registering based on phase place and the method for registering based on interferogram frequency spectrum (being frequency domain signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) registration).In embodiments of the present invention, can adopt the method for registering based on intensity simple crosscorrelation, in order to guarantee to obtain the quality of interferogram, distance/direction can be lower than 0.2 pixel to registration standard deviation.

Step 212, interferogram generates.

Plural number interference image is to obtain by mutual corresponding each point conjugate multiplication on two width complex patterns.The phase value of interferogram is to be calculated through certain mathematical operation by real part and imaginary values.The intensity level of interferogram is the corresponding pixel value of two width radar images conjugate multiplication, and then the complex values modulo operation obtaining is obtained.The bar graph that interferogram demonstrates is the phase value main value of interferogram, between (π, π).

Step 213, artificially generated terrain phase place.

If the DEM of observation area always, DEM is converted to SAR coordinate system from map coordinates system, utilize the relation between height value and phase place, can be in the hope of the phase value of each pixel, different with interferogram, the phase value of trying to achieve is the true phase value of ground elevation, rather than between the phase place main value of (π, π).

Step 214, differential interferometry is processed.

The elevation phase value of the interferometric phase of known observation area and each pixel, is wound around again to elevation phase place, obtains carrying out difference with interferometric phase after phase place main value, just obtain the differential phase that comprises deformation values, add ground there is no deformation, the differential phase obtaining is very little, is similar to zero.

Step 215, differential interferometry figure filtering.

Because interferometric phase image exists various noises, affected the precision of the Ground Deformation obtaining, need to carry out filtering processing to interferogram, to reach reduction noise, improve the object of interferogram quality.This project adopts Goldstein algorithm to do filtering and processes.

Step 216, phase unwrapping.

The process that main value by phase place in interference fringe picture reverts to real phase value is exactly the process of phase unwrapping.Because interferometric phase image exists such-and-such noise, phase unwrapping not necessarily recovers true value completely, has error.Therefore the selection of phase unwrapping method will be according to the quality of actual interferogram, and this project adopts minimum cost flow unwrapping method.

Step 217, the differential phase after known solutions twines, according to formula can be in the hope of the deformation quantity of the direction of visual lines of every, rise on the occasion of representing, negative value is expressed as decline, if obtain the deformation quantity of vertical direction, the deformation values obtaining can be changed according to triangular relationship.

Step 22, according to the ground fallout plot of high-resolution radar image capturing target area.

It should be noted that, general coal fire combustion zone there will be regular surface subsidence and distortion, and surface subsidence is a relative mild process with deformation process, generally can not cause at short notice that large area earth's surface subsides, and the earth's surface of the non-coal fire combustion zone of other high temperature abnormalities sinking and distortion general more stable or that produce are all regular, non-mild change procedure.Like this, can be according to the ground fallout plot of high-resolution radar image capturing target area, this ground fallout plot is the ground fallout plot of coalfield flame range.

Underground coal fire is often accompanied by the slow sinking on earth's surface when burning, and remote sensing techniques and High Resolution Visible Light remote sensing technology often can only be identified the higher region of temperature, but it cannot further determine whether this high temperature area is real coal fire combustion zone.Because, the coal fire district of often putting out by surface loess landfill fire-fighting technique, its underground heat cannot short-term discharge, and like this, on thermal infrared imagery, this loess landfill region can show temperature anomaly.The heat that coal fire combustion zone produces in addition conducts by underground crack, the place, crack of Li coal fire district certain distance comes out, on thermal infrared imagery, this crack area also can show temperature anomaly, such as this high temperature abnormality in class earth's surface but not the problem in coal fire district cannot solve by thermal infrared and optical remote sensing technology, and ground settlement often can not followed in these regions or show the ground settlement of non-regularity, therefore based on this feature, by the high-precision surface deformation monitoring of differential interferometry radar, this type of pseudo-coal fire combustion zone can be extracted from coal fire combustion zone, improve coal fire investigation and the precision of monitoring.

Step 23, by ground fallout plot and the stack of classification-Gao spectrum thermal infrared superimposed image, obtains land subsidence-object classification-Gao spectrum thermal infrared superimposed image.

By land subsidence-object classification-Gao spectrum thermal infrared superimposed image, pseudo-coal fire combustion zone can be extracted from coal fire combustion zone, and then real coalfield flame range.

Step 24, using region corresponding with land subsidence-object classification-Gao spectrum thermal infrared superimposed image in high spectrum thermal infrared imagery as coalfield flame range.

It should be noted that, in the step shown in the process flow diagram of accompanying drawing, can in the computer system such as one group of computer executable instructions, carry out, and, although there is shown logical order in flow process, but in some cases, can carry out shown or described step with the order being different from herein.

According to embodiments of the invention, the monitoring device of a kind of coalfield flame range is provided, the monitoring device of this coalfield flame range is for the coalfield flame range in monitoring objective region.It should be noted that, the monitoring device of the coalfield flame range that the embodiment of the present invention provides can be for carrying out the monitoring method of the coalfield flame range of the embodiment of the present invention, and the monitoring device of the coalfield flame range that the monitoring method of the coalfield flame range of the embodiment of the present invention also can be by the embodiment of the present invention is carried out.

Fig. 5 is according to the structural representation of the monitoring device of the coalfield flame range of first embodiment of the invention.

As shown in Figure 5, this device comprises: the first acquiring unit 10, second acquisition unit 20, the 3rd acquiring unit 30 and determining unit 40.

The first acquiring unit 10 is for obtaining the high spectrum thermal infrared imagery of target area on ground.

Target area can be the region on predefined earth surface, and for example, target area can be the Chinese North China in geographic significance etc.High spectrum thermal infrared imagery is for recording the thermal radiation information of the object in target area on ground.It should be noted that, high spectrum refers to that wavelength is the spectrum of 8-12 micron.In embodiments of the present invention, object on ground in target area can be atural object, and wherein, atural object refers to the general name of various corporeal things on ground (as mountains and rivers, forest, buildings etc.) and intangibles (Ru Sheng, circle, county etc.), relatively-stationary object on general reference earth surface, hereinafter to be referred as atural object.

The high spectrum thermal infrared imagery that the first acquiring unit 10 obtains target area on ground can obtain by thermal detector the high spectrum thermal infrared imagery of atural object in target area.It should be noted that, the experimental data of the high spectrum thermal infrared imagery that the embodiment of the present invention adopts can be captured by the high spectrum thermal infrared sensor of airborne TASI600, wherein, the wavelength band of high spectrum can be 8000nm-1150nm, and its wave band interval can be 100nm left and right.

On getting ground, after the high spectrum thermal infrared imagery of target area, can carry out atmospheric correction to high spectrum thermal infrared imagery, atmospheric correction can be realized the conversion from the brightness of sensor spoke to ground spoke brightness.

Particularly, suppose that earth's surface, for lambert's body, in conjunction with Kirchhoff law, can be converted into ground spoke brightness by the brightness of sensor spoke by following formula:

L _i=τ _iε _iB _i(T _s)+τ _i(1-ε _i)L _atm↓,i+L _atm↑,i （1）

Wherein, Li is the radiance value of the i wave band that receives of sensor, ε _ibe the emissivity of i wave band, B _i(T _s) for black matrix is the emitted radiation under Ts in Target scalar radiation temperature, Bi represents Planck function, τ _ibe the atmospheric transmittance of i wave band, L _{atm ↑, i}and L _{atm ↓, i}be respectively the atmosphere uplink and downlink radiation of atmosphere.For example, can use the atmosphere uplink and downlink radiation consistent with TASI band setting of MODTRAN inverting, and can obtain the atmospheric transmittance consistent with TASI band setting with MODTRAN simulation, as shown in Figure 2, solid line represents the up radiation of atmosphere, dotted line represents Downward atmospheric long-wave radiation, and as shown in Figure 3, solid line represents atmospheric transmittance.

Second acquisition unit 20 is for obtaining the thermal radiation information of object in target area by the high spectrum thermal infrared imagery of target area.

Due to all objects, as long as its temperature surpasses absolute zero (being Calvin degree Celsius), will launch infrared radiation (claiming again heat radiation), therefore high spectrum thermal infrared imagery can comprise temperature (T) information and emissivity (ε) information of object, wherein, emissivity refers at identical temperature and wavelength, the ratio of the radiant exitance of object and the radiant exitance of black matrix, emissivity dimensionless, it is worth between 0～1.Emissivity is the particular attribute of object, with launched thermal infrared wave-wave long correlation.In addition, emissivity is also referred to as emissivity.

In embodiments of the present invention, the atural object in target area can have different temperature informations according to factors such as its character, therefore according to the temperature information of high spectrum thermal infrared imagery, can obtain the temperature of different atural objects in target area.For example, can obtain respectively the temperature of the atural objects such as mountains and rivers, river, colliery, and owing to there are differences between atural object, therefore different its temperature of atural object can be different.

After obtaining the best estimate of Target scalar, the emissivity of Target scalar can calculate by following formula:

${\mathrm{\ϵ}}_i=\frac{L_{\mathrm{gi}}-L_{\mathrm{atm}\↓,i}}{B_i\left(T_s\right)-L_{\mathrm{atm}\↓,i}}---\left(2\right)$

Wherein, L _gi=(L _i-L _{atm ↑, i})/τ _i, Lgi represents the ground spoke brightness of i wave band, the implication of its dependent variable is with above-mentioned.

The 3rd acquiring unit 30 is for obtaining the temperature anomaly region in target area according to the thermal radiation information of object in target area.

Because the coal burning in the flame range of coalfield can discharge a large amount of heats, so the temperature in the temperature of the coalfield flame range region more corresponding than its atural object is around high, and like this, temperature anomaly region refers to that temperature is than the high region of temperature in the region that atural object is corresponding around.

For example, around the temperature ratio of certain atural object, the temperature of atural object is high 5 degrees Celsius, and the region that this certain atural object is corresponding can be the temperature anomaly region in target area.

The temperature anomaly region obtaining in target area according to the thermal radiation information of object in target area can be the region that obtains a plurality of temperature anomalies in target area, and the region of a plurality of temperature anomalies of obtaining can be geographically from region.

Determining unit 40 is determined the position of the coalfield flame range of high spectrum thermal infrared imagery for the temperature anomaly region by target area.

After temperature anomaly region in getting target area, can be according to the corresponding relation of the longitude and latitude of the shared longitude and latitude scope in temperature anomaly region and high spectrum thermal infrared imagery, in high spectrum thermal infrared imagery, by determining the mode of the profile of coalfield flame range, determine the position of coalfield flame range.In addition, after temperature anomaly region in getting target area, can also be according to the corresponding relation of the coordinate of the scope of the shared coordinate in temperature anomaly region and high spectrum thermal infrared imagery, in high spectrum thermal infrared imagery, by determining the mode of the profile of coalfield flame range, determine the position of coalfield flame range.After determining the position of coalfield flame range, can store the positional information of coalfield flame range.

Pass through the embodiment of the present invention, the light wave of different wave length can not be separated and compared with single band, due to spectrum have can be separated characteristic, the spectral separation of the light wave of different wave length can be come, like this, utilize high spectrum thermal infrared imagery obtain the temperature anomaly region in target area and be defined as the impact that coalfield flame range can be avoided much noise, and then obtain the position of coalfield flame range and the profile of coalfield flame range more accurately.

Fig. 6 is according to the structural representation of the monitoring device of the coalfield flame range of second embodiment of the invention.

As shown in Figure 6, this embodiment can be used as preferred implementation embodiment illustrated in fig. 5, the monitoring device of the coalfield flame range of this embodiment is except comprising the first acquiring unit 10, second acquisition unit 20, the 3rd acquiring unit 30 and the determining unit 40 of the first embodiment, also comprise separative element 50, wherein, the 3rd acquiring unit 30 comprises the first acquisition module 301, rejects module 302 and determination module 303.

Identical with the first embodiment of the effect of the first acquiring unit 10, second acquisition unit 20 and determining unit 40, does not repeat them here.

Separative element 50, for separating of the thermal radiation information of object, obtains the corresponding temperature of object and the emissivity of object of thermal radiation information of object.

Preferably, after the high spectrum thermal infrared imagery by target area obtains the thermal radiation information of object in target area, separative element 50 can be separated the temperature of atural object and emissivity from the thermal radiation information of atural object.Particularly, can the temperature of atural object and emissivity be separated by temperature-emissivity inversion algorithm:

First, initialization atural object is at the estimated value T0 of emissivity ε 0 and the atural object temperature of N wave band, like this, can eliminate the impact of sky radiation by iteration repeatedly.Wherein, according to following formula, calculate relative emissivity, the emissivity minimum value of each wave band atural object:

${\mathrm{\β}}_i=\frac{{\mathrm{\ϵ}}_i}{\mathrm{\ϵ}}\frac{L_i/B_i\left(T_s^0\right)}{\left(\frac{1}{N}\underset{i}{\mathrm{\Σ}}{L}_i\right)/\left(\frac{1}{N}\underset{i}{\mathrm{\Σ}}{B}_i\left(T_s^0\right)\right)}---\left(3\right)$

β _min=a-b*MMD ^c （4）

It should be noted that, while applying different sensing datas, coefficient a, b in formula (4) can get different values, therefore set up the emissivity empirical relationship adapting with TASI wave band, can improve inversion accuracy.

Then, set up the empirical relationship of emissivity.

In embodiments of the present invention, can use ASTER(PC virtual machine terminal) and Moderate Imaging Spectroradiomete (Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, abbreviation MODIS) 274 curves of spectrum that storehouse, POP provides, these curve of spectrum unifications are changed into emissivity curve, and based on types of ground objects such as water body, vegetation, soil, mineral, building materials and part man-made features, set up the empirical relationship consistent with TASI600, specifically can set up in the following manner corresponding empirical relationship:

(1) these data are resampled into the emissivity curve consistent with TASI600 band setting.

(2) calculate the ratio of each band emission rate of every kind of atural object and this curve average, formula is as follows:

${\mathrm{\β}}_i=\frac{{\mathrm{\ϵ}}_i}{\frac{1}{32}\underset{n=1}{\overset{32}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{\ϵ}}_n}---\left(5\right)$

(3) calculate MMD=max (β _i)-min (β _i) (i=1～32) (6)

Wherein, MMD represents the difference of emissivity maximal value and minimum value.

(4) exponential relationship obtaining through matching is shown below:

β _min=0.9924-0.9174×MMD ^0.9723 （7）

Wherein, r2=0.988.

Finally, temperature is separated with emissivity.Absolute transmission rate ε i tries to achieve according to following formula:

${\mathrm{\ϵ}}_i={\mathrm{\β}}_i\frac{{\mathrm{\β}}_{\min }}{\min \left({\mathrm{\β}}_i\right)}---\left(8\right)$

$T_s=B_i^{-1}\left[\frac{L_i-(1-{\mathrm{\ϵ}}_i)L_{\mathrm{atm},i}^{\↓}}{{\mathrm{\ϵ}}_i}\right]---\left(9\right)$

Wherein, by formula (8) substitution formula (2), can obtain a surface temperature TS.Circulation said process, until the difference of the twice iteration gained land surface temperature in front and back is less than the threshold value setting in advance.

The first acquisition module 301 is for obtaining the temperature anomaly region in target area according to the temperature of object.

Because the coal of coalfield flame range can discharge a large amount of heats when the burning, therefore, the temperature of coalfield flame range generally can be higher than the temperature of periphery atural object, like this, by the temperature information of separating, can determine the temperature anomaly region in target area.

Particularly, can determine in the following manner the temperature anomaly region in target area:

First, can obtain the temperature of Target scalar and the temperature of Target scalar periphery atural object.

Then, calculate the temperature gap of the temperature of Target scalar and the temperature of Target scalar periphery atural object, and judge whether temperature gap is greater than preset value.

Finally, if judge temperature gap, be greater than preset value, determine that region corresponding to this Target scalar is temperature anomaly region.

Reject module 302 for the object in temperature anomaly region being distinguished according to the emissivity of object and the object abnormal area in temperature anomaly region being rejected.

Again owing to can having the atural objects such as waters and buildings in target area, and according to the temperature characterisitic of water, especially in the winter time, waters temperature is generally high than the temperature of periphery atural object, in addition, buildings is because of the reason of heat supply in winter, and its temperature also can be higher than the temperature of periphery atural object, the region that can comprise like this, the doubtful coalfield flame range that waters and buildings etc. are corresponding in temperature anomaly region.Because the corresponding unique different emissivity of different atural object, so can the atural object in temperature anomaly region be distinguished according to the emissivity of atural object and the atural object abnormal area in temperature anomaly region is rejected, particularly, can in the following manner atural object be distinguished and the atural object abnormal area in temperature anomaly region is rejected:

First, obtain the emissivity of all atural objects in temperature anomaly region and the emissivity of coalfield flame range, then, by the emissivity of all atural objects and the emissivity of coalfield flame range contrast one by one, finally, judgement comparing result, if comparing result shows that the emissivity of atural object is identical with the emissivity of coalfield flame range, the region that this earth's surface thing is corresponding is coalfield flame range, otherwise, the region that this earth's surface thing is corresponding is doubtful coalfield flame range, after judging all doubtful coalfield flame ranges, all doubtful coalfield flame ranges is rejected from temperature anomaly region.Wherein, doubtful coalfield flame range is object abnormal area.

Determination module 303 is for the coalfield flame range using the temperature anomaly region after rejecting object abnormal area as high spectrum thermal infrared imagery.

Pass through the embodiment of the present invention, first according to the temperature information of atural object, obtain temperature anomaly region, thereby can obtain the approximate range of coalfield flame range, and then utilize the emissivity information of atural object can be by object abnormal area in temperature anomaly region, for example, waters and buildings can be rejected, to obtain coalfield flame range more accurately.

Preferably, in embodiments of the present invention, the monitoring device of coalfield flame range can also comprise: the 4th acquiring unit, the 5th acquiring unit and the first superpositing unit.

The 4th acquiring unit, for before determining the position of coalfield flame range of high spectrum thermal infrared imagery in the temperature anomaly region by target area, obtains the High Resolution Visible Light remote sensing image of target area.

In embodiments of the present invention, the High Resolution Visible Light remote sensing image of the target area obtaining can be WorldView-2 satellite image data, wherein, WorldView-2 satellite can provide multispectral (as spectrum such as red, green, blue, near infrareds) image of 0.5 meter of resolution panchromatic image and 1.8 meters of resolution, and the average return visit cycle of WorldView-2 satellite is 1.1 days.Visible spectral remote sensing image can merge the chromatic image forming mutually for multispectral image and panchromatic image, and its spatial resolution can be 0.5 meter.Like this, by by High Resolution Visible Light remote sensing image with determined that the stack of high spectrum thermal infrared imagery of the position of coalfield flame range contrasts, and can extract the region of the doubtful coalfield flame ranges such as target area inner region area waters less and that temperature is higher, buildings, grassland from the flame range of coalfield.

Preferably, after obtaining the High Resolution Visible Light remote sensing image of target area, can to High Resolution Visible Light remote sensing image, carry out the pre-service of image, wherein, the pre-service of image can comprise ortho-rectification, visual fusion and image mosaic, particularly:

(1) ortho-rectification

High Resolution Visible Light remote sensing image is when imaging, due to projection mode, sensor elements of exterior orientation changes, sensor information is inhomogeneous, earth curvature, topographic relief, the impact of the factors such as earth rotation, make the High Resolution Visible Light remote sensing image that obtains have certain geometry deformation with respect to the atural object of target area, like this, geometric figure on image and the geometric figure of this atural object in selected map projection will produce difference, thereby cause the geometric figure of atural object and the distortion of position, this species diversity main manifestations is displacement, rotation, convergent-divergent, affine, distortion crooked or more high-order etc., and the process of eliminating this species diversity is called ortho-rectification.

In embodiments of the present invention, can adopt the NITF RPC model in ERDAS IMAGIN software to carry out ortho-rectification.It should be noted that, be all single band black-and-white image through the image of ortho-rectification, like this, can select the light wave of three kinds of wave bands of red, yellow, and green to carry out wave band synthetic, and then to generate resolution be the chromatic image of 1.8 meters.

(2) visual fusion

If wanting to obtain more high-resolution chromatic image just need to merge the chromatic image of low resolution and high-resolution panchromatic image, the result merging can retain the colouring information of chromatic image, can retain again the spatial resolution information of panchromatic image.

In embodiments of the present invention, can be that the panchromatic image that the chromatic image of 1.8 meters and resolution are 0.5 meter merges by the resolution of above-mentioned generation, thereby obtain resolution, be the chromatic image of 0.5 meter.It should be noted that, resolution is that the chromatic image of 0.5 meter is pseudo-colours image, and the vegetation information in this chromatic image and waters information have obtained enhancing.Like this, during the high spectrum thermal infrared imagery stack of the High Resolution Visible Light remote sensing image that vegetation information and waters information strengthen and target area, can be exactly by the less rejectings such as waters, buildings and vegetation of the area in the flame range of coalfield.

(3) image mosaic

Image mosaic is by two width or several image joints together, forms the technical process of a width overall image.During image mosaic, should meet the details of adjacent image on splicing line in geometrically docking one by one, also will guarantee that the tone of adjacent image is consistent.

In the invention process, the High Resolution Visible Light remote sensing image of target area can be formed by 3 width image mosaics, and its to inlay effect better.

The 5th acquiring unit is for obtaining the classification chart of object in target area according to High Resolution Visible Light remote sensing image.

In embodiments of the present invention, by High Resolution Visible Light remote sensing image is carried out to pre-service, the resolution that obtains target area is the chromatic image of 0.5 meter, after obtaining above-mentioned chromatic image, can different atural object in target area be classified by artificial mode, and then obtain the classification chart of atural object in target area, wherein this classification chart is the High Resolution Visible Light remote sensing image with terrain classification information.

The first superpositing unit, for by the classification chart of object and the high spectrum thermal infrared imagery stack of rejecting the temperature anomaly region after object abnormal area, obtains object classification-Gao spectrum thermal infrared superimposed image.

To there is the High Resolution Visible Light remote sensing image of terrain classification information and the high spectrum thermal infrared imagery of coalfield flame range superposes, after stack, can obtain object classification-Gao spectrum thermal infrared superimposed image.

In embodiments of the present invention, by object classification-Gao spectrum thermal infrared superimposed image is carried out to manual analysis, the obvious non-coal fire region (small size waters, bastard coal clitter, small-sized only culture etc.) of erroneous judgement in early stage can be extracted, further obtain the coalfield flame range that degree of accuracy is higher.

Determining unit 40 is also for using the high spectrum thermal infrared imagery region corresponding with object classification-Gao spectrum thermal infrared superimposed image as coalfield flame range.

Further preferably, before the position of the coalfield flame range in high spectrum thermal infrared imagery is determined in the temperature anomaly region by target area, the monitoring device of coalfield flame range can also comprise: the 6th acquiring unit, the 7th acquiring unit and the second superpositing unit.

The 6th acquiring unit is for obtaining the high-resolution radar image of target area.

In embodiments of the present invention, the high-resolution radar image that obtains target area can be for obtaining the high resolving power difference radar interference image of target area, and high resolving power difference radar interference image can obtain by radar differential interferometry measuring technique.High-resolution radar image can reflect the ground deformation situation of target area exactly.

In embodiments of the present invention, can interval preset time period obtain two panel height resolution radar images, like this, the contrast by this two panel heights resolution radar image, can obtain ground settlement and deformation information in preset time period.Further preferably, the high-resolution radar image that obtains target area can comprise the high-resolution radar image of many phases that obtains target area, high-resolution radar image of many phases is the high-resolution radar image in a plurality of Preset Times interval, wherein, a plurality of Preset Times interval can be the uniform time interval.

In embodiments of the present invention, can adopt TerreSAR-X data, its spatial resolution is 1 meter, altogether obtains 12 phase radar image data, wherein, and one month, two phase image interval in same time series.

By obtaining the high-resolution radar image of many phases of target area, can obtain in target area the more fully information of ground settlement and earth's surface distortion.After obtaining the high-resolution radar image of many phases of target area, can carry out data pre-service to it.Adjacent two width radar images carry out differential interferometry processing, can obtain 11 phase of target area Ground Deformation image.

It should be noted that, the present invention can adopt the mode of InSAR interferometry to obtain high-resolution radar image of many phases, and the phase place of InSAR interferometry mainly contains several parts compositions, can represent with formula below:

Wherein,

for the phase place of orographic factor contribution,

the phase place causing for Ground Deformation,

for atmosphere delay phase place, for the phase place being caused by reference planes, for noise phase.

Particularly, high-resolution radar image carries out data pre-service and can comprise by D-InSAR entering horizontal phasing control and by two rail methods, generating the interference fringe picture of two panel height resolution radar imaged images:

(1) by D-InSAR, entering horizontal phasing control can be measured and be incited somebody to action by D-InSAR differential interferometry

with

four eliminations, the only remaining phase place being caused by Ground Deformation

(2) two rail methods i.e. two rail synthetic-aperture radar differential interferometries, and two rail methods can generate interference fringe picture, φ by two width radar images _d, digital elevation model (Digital Elevation Model, vehicle economy M digital simulation landform phase diagram φ that recycling is obtained in advance _sim, from interference fringe picture, eliminate terrain information, adopt filtering technique to remove noise effect, just obtain the deformation data Δ R on earth's surface, wherein, Δ R is by formula

try to achieve.

Two rail synthetic-aperture radar differential interferometry Measurement and Data Processing can comprise part:

A, Image registration.

The registration of two width radar images is that interferometer radar (Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar is called for short InSAR) is interfered an important step in treatment scheme.If two width SAR images do not have accuracy registration, interference fringe will be fuzzy, even can not generate interference fringe, and signal appears to noise.Different from general remote sensing images, in plural image, not only contain phase information but also contain strength information.Therefore main image and have three kinds of modes from the matching process of image: the method for registering based on gray scale (signal amplitude), the method for registering based on phase place and the method for registering based on interferogram frequency spectrum (being frequency domain signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) registration).In embodiments of the present invention, can adopt the method for registering based on intensity simple crosscorrelation, in order to guarantee to obtain the quality of interferogram, distance/direction can be lower than 0.2 pixel to registration standard deviation.

B, interferogram generates.

Plural number interference image is to obtain by mutual corresponding each point conjugate multiplication on two width complex patterns.The phase value of interferogram is to be calculated through certain mathematical operation by real part and imaginary values.The intensity level of interferogram is the corresponding pixel value of two width radar images conjugate multiplication, and then the complex values modulo operation obtaining is obtained.The bar graph that interferogram demonstrates is the phase value main value of interferogram, between (π, π).

C, artificially generated terrain phase place.

If the DEM of observation area always, DEM is converted to SAR coordinate system from map coordinates system, utilize the relation between height value and phase place, can be in the hope of the phase value of each pixel, different with interferogram, the phase value of trying to achieve is the true phase value of ground elevation, rather than between the phase place main value of (π, π).

D, differential interferometry is processed.

The elevation phase value of the interferometric phase of known observation area and each pixel, is wound around again to elevation phase place, obtains carrying out difference with interferometric phase after phase place main value, just obtain the differential phase that comprises deformation values, add ground there is no deformation, the differential phase obtaining is very little, is similar to zero.

E, differential interferometry figure filtering.

Because interferometric phase image exists various noises, affected the precision of the Ground Deformation obtaining, need to carry out filtering processing to interferogram, to reach reduction noise, improve the object of interferogram quality.This project adopts Goldstein algorithm to do filtering and processes.

E, phase unwrapping.

The process that main value by phase place in interference fringe picture reverts to real phase value is exactly the process of phase unwrapping.Because interferometric phase image exists such-and-such noise, phase unwrapping not necessarily recovers true value completely, has error.Therefore the selection of phase unwrapping method will be according to the quality of actual interferogram, and this project adopts minimum cost flow unwrapping method.

G, the differential phase after known solutions twines, according to formula

can be in the hope of the deformation quantity of the direction of visual lines of every, rise on the occasion of representing, negative value is expressed as decline, if obtain the deformation quantity of vertical direction, the deformation values obtaining can be changed according to triangular relationship.

The 7th acquiring unit is used for according to the ground fallout plot of high-resolution radar image capturing target area.

It should be noted that, general coal fire combustion zone there will be regular surface subsidence and distortion, and surface subsidence is a relative mild process with deformation process, generally can not cause at short notice that large area earth's surface subsides, and the earth's surface of the non-coal fire combustion zone of other high temperature abnormalities sinking and distortion general more stable or that produce are all regular, non-mild change procedure.Like this, can be according to the ground fallout plot of high-resolution radar image capturing target area, this ground fallout plot is the ground fallout plot of coalfield flame range.

Underground coal fire is often accompanied by the slow sinking on earth's surface when burning, and remote sensing techniques and High Resolution Visible Light remote sensing technology often can only be identified the higher region of temperature, but it cannot further determine whether this high temperature area is real coal fire combustion zone.Because, the coal fire district of often putting out by surface loess landfill fire-fighting technique, its underground heat cannot short-term discharge, and like this, on thermal infrared imagery, this loess landfill region can show temperature anomaly.The heat that coal fire combustion zone produces in addition conducts by underground crack, the place, crack of Li coal fire district certain distance comes out, on thermal infrared imagery, this crack area also can show temperature anomaly, such as this high temperature abnormality in class earth's surface but not the problem in coal fire district cannot solve by thermal infrared and optical remote sensing technology, and ground settlement often can not followed in these regions or show the ground settlement of non-regularity, therefore based on this feature, by the high-precision surface deformation monitoring of differential interferometry radar, this type of pseudo-coal fire combustion zone can be extracted from coal fire combustion zone, improve coal fire investigation and the precision of monitoring.

The second superpositing unit, for by ground fallout plot and the stack of classification-Gao spectrum thermal infrared superimposed image, obtains land subsidence-object classification-Gao spectrum thermal infrared superimposed image.

By land subsidence-object classification-Gao spectrum thermal infrared superimposed image, pseudo-coal fire combustion zone can be extracted from coal fire combustion zone, and then real coalfield flame range.

Determining unit 40 is also for using the high spectrum thermal infrared imagery region corresponding with land subsidence-object classification-Gao spectrum thermal infrared superimposed image as coalfield flame range.

Obviously, those skilled in the art should be understood that, above-mentioned each module of the present invention or each step can realize with general calculation element, they can concentrate on single calculation element, or be distributed on the network that a plurality of calculation elements form, alternatively, they can be realized with the executable program code of calculation element, thereby, they can be stored in memory storage and be carried out by calculation element, or they are made into respectively to each integrated circuit modules, or a plurality of modules in them or step are made into single integrated circuit module to be realized.Like this, the present invention is not restricted to any specific hardware and software combination.

The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a monitoring method for coalfield flame range, is characterized in that, comprising:

Obtain the high spectrum thermal infrared imagery of target area on ground;

By the high spectrum thermal infrared imagery of described target area, obtain the thermal radiation information of object in described target area;

According to the thermal radiation information of object in described target area, obtain the temperature anomaly region in described target area; And

By the temperature anomaly region in described target area, determine the position of the coalfield flame range in described high spectrum thermal infrared imagery.

2. the monitoring method of coalfield according to claim 1 flame range, is characterized in that,

After the high spectrum thermal infrared imagery by described target area obtains the thermal radiation information of object in described target area, the monitoring method of described coalfield flame range also comprises: the thermal radiation information of separated described object, obtain the corresponding temperature of described object and the emissivity of described object of thermal radiation information of described object

Wherein, the temperature anomaly region obtaining in described target area according to the thermal radiation information of object in described target area comprises: according to the temperature of described object, obtain the described temperature anomaly region in described target area; According to the emissivity of described object, the object in described temperature anomaly region is distinguished and the object abnormal area in described temperature anomaly region is rejected; Coalfield flame range using the described temperature anomaly region after the described object abnormal area of rejecting in described high spectrum thermal infrared imagery.

3. the monitoring method of coalfield according to claim 2 flame range, it is characterized in that, before the position of the coalfield flame range in described high spectrum thermal infrared imagery is determined in the temperature anomaly region by described target area, the monitoring method of described coalfield flame range also comprises:

Obtain the High Resolution Visible Light remote sensing image of described target area;

According to described High Resolution Visible Light remote sensing image, obtain the classification chart of described object in described target area;

By the classification chart of described object and the described high spectrum thermal infrared imagery stack of rejecting the described temperature anomaly region after described object abnormal area, obtain object classification-Gao spectrum thermal infrared superimposed image; And

Using region corresponding with described object classification-Gao spectrum thermal infrared superimposed image in described high spectrum thermal infrared imagery as coalfield flame range.

4. the monitoring method of coalfield according to claim 3 flame range, it is characterized in that, before the position of the coalfield flame range in described high spectrum thermal infrared imagery is determined in the temperature anomaly region by described target area, the monitoring method of described coalfield flame range also comprises:

Obtain the high-resolution radar image of described target area;

According to the ground fallout plot of target area described in described high-resolution radar image capturing;

By described ground fallout plot and the stack of described classification-Gao spectrum thermal infrared superimposed image, obtain land subsidence-object classification-Gao spectrum thermal infrared superimposed image; And

Using region corresponding with described land subsidence-object classification-Gao spectrum thermal infrared superimposed image in described high spectrum thermal infrared imagery as coalfield flame range.

5. the monitoring method of coalfield according to claim 4 flame range, is characterized in that, the high-resolution radar image that obtains described target area comprises: the high-resolution radar image of many phases that obtains described target area.

6. a monitoring device for coalfield flame range, is characterized in that, comprising:

The first acquiring unit, for obtaining the high spectrum thermal infrared imagery of target area on ground;

Second acquisition unit, for obtaining the thermal radiation information of object in described target area by the high spectrum thermal infrared imagery of described target area;

The 3rd acquiring unit, for obtaining the temperature anomaly region in described target area according to the thermal radiation information of object in described target area; And

Determining unit, determines the position of the coalfield flame range of described high spectrum thermal infrared imagery for the temperature anomaly region by described target area.

7. the monitoring device of coalfield according to claim 6 flame range, is characterized in that, the monitoring device of described coalfield flame range also comprises:

Separative element, for after the high spectrum thermal infrared imagery by described target area obtains the thermal radiation information of object in described target area, the thermal radiation information of separated described object, obtains the corresponding temperature of described object and the emissivity of described object of thermal radiation information of described object

Wherein, described the 3rd acquiring unit comprises: the first acquisition module, for obtain the described temperature anomaly region in described target area according to the temperature of described object; Reject module, for the object in described temperature anomaly region being distinguished according to the emissivity of described object and the object abnormal area in described temperature anomaly region being rejected; Determination module, for the coalfield flame range using the described temperature anomaly region after the described object abnormal area of rejecting as described high spectrum thermal infrared imagery.

8. the monitoring device of coalfield according to claim 7 flame range, is characterized in that, the monitoring device of described coalfield flame range also comprises:

The 4th acquiring unit, before determining the position of coalfield flame range of described high spectrum thermal infrared imagery, obtains the High Resolution Visible Light remote sensing image of described target area for the temperature anomaly region by described target area;

The 5th acquiring unit, for obtaining the classification chart of described object in described target area according to described High Resolution Visible Light remote sensing image;

The first superpositing unit, for by the classification chart of described object and the described high spectrum thermal infrared imagery stack of rejecting the described temperature anomaly region after described object abnormal area, obtains object classification-Gao spectrum thermal infrared superimposed image; And

Described determining unit is also for using the described high spectrum thermal infrared imagery region corresponding with described object classification-Gao spectrum thermal infrared superimposed image as coalfield flame range.

9. the monitoring device of coalfield according to claim 8 flame range, is characterized in that, the monitoring device of described coalfield flame range also comprises:

The 6th acquiring unit, before determining the position of coalfield flame range of described high spectrum thermal infrared imagery, obtains the high-resolution radar image of described target area for the temperature anomaly region by described target area;

The 7th acquiring unit, for according to the ground fallout plot of target area described in described high-resolution radar image capturing;

The second superpositing unit, for by described ground fallout plot and the stack of described classification-Gao spectrum thermal infrared superimposed image, obtains land subsidence-object classification-Gao spectrum thermal infrared superimposed image; And

Described determining unit is using region corresponding with described land subsidence-object classification-Gao spectrum thermal infrared superimposed image in described high spectrum thermal infrared imagery as coalfield flame range.

10. the monitoring device of coalfield according to claim 9 flame range, is characterized in that, described the 6th acquiring unit is also for obtaining the high-resolution radar image of many phases of described target area.

Images