CN103759432A - Superthin superconducting-type heat absorbing plate core and flat-plate solar collector - Google Patents
Superthin superconducting-type heat absorbing plate core and flat-plate solar collector Download PDFInfo
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- CN103759432A CN103759432A CN201410004381.0A CN201410004381A CN103759432A CN 103759432 A CN103759432 A CN 103759432A CN 201410004381 A CN201410004381 A CN 201410004381A CN 103759432 A CN103759432 A CN 103759432A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
- F24S10/50—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed between plates
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
- F24S2080/03—Arrangements for heat transfer optimization
- F24S2080/05—Flow guiding means; Inserts inside conduits
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P80/00—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
- Y02P80/20—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications using renewable energy
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Abstract
The invention discloses a novel superthin superconducting-type heat absorbing plate core and a flat-plate solar collector. The flat-plate solar collector is creatively characterized by comprising the heat absorbing plate core based on a corrugated metal thin plate structure, a superconducting mixed heat-transfer working medium, a transparent cover plate, a heat-insulating material layer and a frame. The flat-plate solar collector has the advantages of being compact in structure, high in heat-transfer efficiency, small in pressure loss, light in weight, flexible to mount, high in pressure-bearing capacity, antifreezing, resistant to scaling, corrosion-resistant, long in service life, low in cost and the like, and is quite suitable for being combined with a building. A mixed superconducting heating medium is adopted as a heat-transfer working condition, so that the flat-plate solar collector still can normally run at low temperature, heat utilization efficiency of the flat-plate solar collector is greatly improved, using range of the flat-plate solar collector are greatly expanded, application path of the flat-plate solar collector is widened, and the flat-plate solar collector is widely suitable for solar collection places like civil buildings and industrial workshops.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the solar energy heating technical field of middle low temperature, relate in particular to a kind of new type superthin superconductive type heat-absorbing plate core and flat-plate solar heat collector.
Background technology
Flat-plate solar heat collector has been widely used in the numerous areas such as domestic water heating, natatorium heating system, water for industrial use heating, constructure heating and air-conditioning.Flat-plate solar heat collector is mainly comprised of several parts such as transparent cover plate, heat-absorbing plate core, thermal insulation layer and casing frames, and wherein plate heat-absorbing plate core is the core component of solar thermal utilization.
When flat-plate solar heat collector is worked, solar radiation, through after transparent cover plate, is incident upon on heat-absorbing plate core, by heat-absorbing plate core, absorbed and energy transform into heat energy, then transfer heat to the heat-transfer working medium in heat-absorbing plate core, the temperature of heat-transfer working medium is raise, as the effective energy output of heat collector.
Heat-absorbing plate core is to absorb solar radiant energy in flat-plate solar heat collector and to the parts of heat-transfer working medium transferring heat, it is writing board shape substantially.For increasing the hot property of absorber plate, often at heat-absorbing plate core surface spary heat absorbing coating.On the absorber plate of writing board shape, be conventionally all furnished with comb and collector.Comb refers to absorber plate longitudinal arrangement and forms the parts of fluid passage; Collector refers to the horizontal parts that connect some combs and form fluid passage in the upper and lower two ends of absorber plate.The material category of heat-absorbing plate core is a lot, has that copper, aluminium alloy, copper aluminium are compound, stainless steel, galvanized steel, plastics, rubber etc.Heat-absorbing plate core primary structure form and pluses and minuses separately thereof are described below:
(1) tube-sheet type heat-absorbing plate core is that comb is connected and composed to heat absorption band with dull and stereotyped with certain combination, and then is welded into absorber plate with upper lower collector pipe.This is to use at present commonplace absorber plate structure type both at home and abroad.Because the comb of this plate core is circular, it is a line with contacting of absorber plate, so contact-making surface is little, thermal contact resistance is large, and heat transfer efficiency is low.
(2) wing pipe type heat-absorbing plate core is to utilize mould extrusion stretching technique to make the heat absorption band that metal tube both sides are connected with fin, and then is welded into absorber plate with upper lower collector pipe.Absorber plate material generally adopts aluminium alloy.The advantage of wing pipe type heat-absorbing plate core: the thermal efficiency is high, pipe and flat board are one, and nothing is in conjunction with thermal resistance, and voltage endurance capability is strong.Shortcoming is complex process, and material usage is large, and technological requirement tube wall and fin have larger thickness to increase fin thermal conductivity factor, poor dynamic, and heat-absorbing plate core has larger thermal capacity, self temperature rise large.
(3) flat box type heat-absorbing plate core is by the compression molding respectively of two metallic plates, and then integrally welded formation absorber plate, and absorber plate material can adopt stainless steel, aluminium alloy, galvanized steel etc.Conventionally, adopt spot-welding technology between fluid passage, absorber plate surrounding adopts roll welding technique.The advantage of flat box type absorber plate: the thermal efficiency is high, pipe and flat board are one, nothing is in conjunction with thermal resistance; Do not need to weld collector, fluid passage and collector adopt once molding formed.Shortcoming: welding procedure difficulty is large, easily occurs that welding penetrates or the problem of not prison welding; Voltage endurance capability is poor, and solder joint can not bear higher pressure; Poor dynamic, the cross section of fluid passage is large, and absorber plate has larger thermal capacity, self temperature rise large.
(4) coil pipe type heat-absorbing plate core is metal tube to be bent to snakelike, and then forms heat-absorbing plate core with plate welding.Absorber plate material generally adopts copper, and welding procedure can adopt high-frequency welding or ultra-sonic welded.The advantage of coil pipe type absorber plate: do not need to weld in addition collector, reduce the possibility of leaking; Corrosion-resistant, voltage endurance capability is strong.Shortcoming: thermal contact resistance is large, fin heat transfer efficiency is low; Plate core is even along Working fluid flow direction temperature distributing disproportionation; Series connection flow passage resistance is large, the crushing that flows is large; Curved welding seam technology difficulty is large.
Plate type solar heat-collecting plate core adopts water or acetone etc. as heat-transfer working medium conventionally, its easily freeze and the problem long-term existence such as operational efficiency is poor at low temperatures in solar water heater industry, this technological deficiency hampers flat-plate solar heat collector in the winter of Temperate Region in China and the use of part severe cold area always, therefore research and develop a kind of simple and compact for structure, heat transfer efficiency is high, crushing is little, the heat-absorbing plate core of cold operation superior performance and flat-plate solar heat collector imperative.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention be to provide a kind of simple and compact for structure, heat transfer efficiency is high, crushing is little, the ultra-thin superconductive type heat-absorbing plate core of cold operation superior performance.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of ultra-thin superconductive type heat-absorbing plate core, its innovative point is: described heat-absorbing plate core is for to consist of hermetically sealed welding two sheet metals that be arranged in parallel, there is a heat transferring medium turbulent flow passageway, and there is at least one working medium import being communicated with heat transferring medium runner and at least one sender property outlet being communicated with heat transferring medium runner; Described two sheet metals that be arranged in parallel comprise the level and smooth sheet metal of upper end and the corrugated sheet metal of lower end; Described level and smooth metal sheet surface is coated with composite solar heat absorbing coating, and the punch forming of described corrugated sheet metal inner surface has water conservancy diversion projection or convex tendon.
In some embodiments, described corrugated sheet metal is bubble type ripple, and the punch forming of described corrugated sheet metal medial surface has the equally distributed spherical guide protrusions of some rows, adjacent two rows' the spherical guide protrusions setting of staggering.
Further, the guide protrusions of described corrugated sheet metal is spheroid, cylinder, circular cone, polyhedron, cuboid.
Further, the spread geometry of described corrugated sheet metal guide protrusions is parallelogram, rectangle, circle, ellipse, triangle, trapezoidal, rhombus.
In some embodiments, described corrugated sheet metal is vertical bar shaped ripple, the medial surface punch forming of corrugated sheet metal has some vertical bar shaped water conservancy diversion convex tendons that are arranged in parallel, water conservancy diversion convex tendon from liquid feeding side to tapping side setting, and the runner mouths of the described adjacent two row's water conservancy diversion convex tendons setting of staggering.
In some embodiments, described corrugated sheet metal is herringbone ripple, the medial surface of corrugated sheet metal has some herringbone water conservancy diversion convex tendons that are arranged in parallel from punch forming, and water conservancy diversion convex tendon liquid feeding side is to tapping side, the setting of staggering of the runner mouth of described adjacent row's water conservancy diversion convex tendon.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of flat-plate solar heat collector of ultra-thin superconductive type, and its innovative point is: comprise transparent cover plate, heat-absorbing plate core, heat-insulation layer, superconduction contact heat transfer working medium and housing; Described transparent cover plate, heat absorbing core plate and heat-insulation layer be arranged in parallel from top to bottom successively.
Transparent cover plate material is that thickness is the low iron safety glass of ultrawhite or the low iron woven design of the ultrawhite safety glass of 3～5mm.Generally, in south China area, adopt single-layer and transparent cover plate, in the northern area of China, should adopt Double-layered transparent cover plate.Distance between transparent cover plate and heat-absorbing plate core should be greater than 20mm to obtain optimum air heat transfer free convection in dull and stereotyped interlayer.Insulation material can adopt phenol formaldehyde foam, rock wool, mineral wool, polyurethane, polystyrene etc.The thickness of thermal insulation layer should be according to the weather conditions of the operating temperature of the material category of selecting, heat collector, territory of use etc. because usually determining.The thickness of the lower thermal insulation layer of thermal conductivity factor operating temperature larger, heat collector temperature higher, territory of use of material just requires larger.In general, the thickness of bottom thermal insulation layer is selected 30～50mm, and the thickness of side thermal insulation layer is roughly the same with it.The material of shell has aluminium alloy, corrosion resistant plate, carbon steel sheet, plastics, fiberglass etc.In order further to improve the sealing of shell, can adopt aluminium alloy or the once molding formed technique of carbon steel sheet of 0.4～0.8mm.The minimum 55mm that is about of flat-plate solar collector general thickness, than the attenuation of classic flat-plate solar thermal collector nearly 30%.
Preferably, the level and smooth metal plate of described heat-absorbing plate core is to transparent cover plate, and wavy metal plate is affixed to heat-insulation layer.
Further, the flat-plate solar heat collector of described ultra-thin superconductive type also comprises that one for installing the metal outer frame of transparent cover plate, heat-absorbing plate core and heat-insulation layer, described metal outer frame consists of the back of the body frame of side frame and side frame bottom, transparent cover plate is fixed in the side frame top of metal outer frame, and and heat-absorbing plate core between leave air heat insulating layer, the side frame of described metal outer frame can monolithic molding with back of the body frame, also can adopt split typely, by bolt or buckle, is connected and fixed.
Further, described flat-plate solar heat collector is in series or in parallel to form heat exchange array successively by connecting tube.
Further, the main component of described superconduction contact heat transfer working medium is 1, ammediol, water and a small amount of anticorrisive agent, each main component of described heat-transfer working medium need be mixed in the ratio of 5:4.5:0.5, described heat-transfer working medium is applicable to middle low-temperature solar energy heat collector, temperature range of operation is-30 ℃ to 105 ℃, and operating temperature can be adjusted according to the different mixed proportion of main component.
Further, the composition of described heat-transfer working medium also can be the mixture of methyl alcohol or ethylene glycol or acetone and water and anticorrisive agent.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
(1) ultra-thin superconductive type heat-absorbing plate core is had parallel overlapping composition of corrugated sheet metal on irregular ripple surface by the level and smooth sheet metal of a slice and a slice, between plate, form the turbulent flow passageway of unequal section, by the heat transfer of runner and the coating surface of heat-absorbing plate core, directly carry out exchange heat, reduce heat exchange thermal resistance, increase overall heat exchange efficiency.Heat-absorbing plate core, from tool comb and collector function, can distribute working medium to carry out heat exchange by automatic uniform, reduces material usage and plate core weight, and has eliminated the impact of thermal contact resistance completely.Heat-absorbing plate core is hermetically sealed to be welded, and load performance is high.Plate in-core many places flow resistance in parallel is little, and crushing is little.Under uniform pressure damaed cordition, its ratio of heat transfer coefficient tube-sheet type heat collection structure exceeds 3-5 doubly, and heat recovery rate can be up to more than 90%.
(2) the thin plate punching such as the stainless steel that corrugated cardboard sheet is 0.5～3mm by thickness conventionally, aluminium alloy, copper form, and can customize arbitrarily specification.Its coefficient of heat transfer is high, crushing is little, high pressure-bearing, corrosion-resistant, and production technology is simple, and standard production degree is high, with low cost.By using various multi-form grinding tools sheet metal can be pressed into different ripple, and have hole, four angles on two angles of corrugated cardboard sheet, as the import and export passage of working media.The corrugated form of sheet metal mainly contains herringbone ripple, vertical bar ripple, ripple, trapezoidal straight ripple, indentation ripple and bubbling type etc. anyhow.These corrugated design have formed complicated runner, make working media between corrugated plating, in runner, be rotation Three-dimensional Flow, can under lower Reynolds number, produce turbulent flow, so the heat transfer coefficient of this heat collection structure is higher.Two thin plate sheets adopt full welding procedure sealing technology to be welded (as argon arc welding), do not adopt any nonmetal encapsulant, thereby have higher heatproof, withstand voltage properties, and operating temperature applicatory and pressure limit are very extensive.In addition because thin plate all adopts metal stamping, process, standardized production degree is high, the approximately low 40%-60% of cost ratio tube-sheet type of large-scale production.
(3) the antifreeze ability of heat-transfer working medium is strong, even if be prone to all normally operations of cold district of frost (30 ℃).Heat-transfer working medium specific heat capacity is large, exchange capability of heat is strong, even if in-20 ℃ of situations, specific heat capacity still has 3.02-3.62 kJ/kg-K; The in the situation that of 100 ℃, specific heat capacity is up to 3.41-3.81 kJ/kg-K.Heat-transfer working medium corrosion protection is strong, and board core material material selectable range is extensive.Heat-transfer working medium good antiscale property ability is strong, and board core material material, almost without any chemical reaction, is not produced to the suspended impurity blocking pipelines such as greasy filth.Heat-transfer working medium has low degradability feature, and anti-air drying ability is strong, increases the service life of heat collector.Heat-transfer working medium main component 1,3-PD can refine in the agriculture plant producing fast, and the recyclable organism that corn is raw material as take transforms production technology, breaks away from the dependence to traditional fossil fuel, reduces the negative effect to environment.
(4) insulation material can reduce the board-like heat exchanger of metal foil to surrounding environment dissipated heat, to improve the collecting efficiency of assembly.Insulation material need thermal conductivity factor little, do not absorb water, have certain features such as hardness, thickness is generally 3-5 centimetre.Conventional insulation material has polystyrene, polyurethane etc.Insulation material can carry out perforate according to the different import and export caliber of working media.
(5) flat-plate solar heat collector has compact conformation, heat transfer efficiency is high, crushing is little, weight is light and handy, flexible for installation, pressure-bearing property is high, freeze proof, good antiscale property, corrosion-resistant, long service life and the feature such as low-cost.By employing mixing superconduction heating agent, as heat-transfer working medium, flat-plate solar heat collector is still normally operation at low temperatures, has greatly promoted the thermal efficiency and the scope of application of heat collector.In addition no matter from aspects such as monnolithic case, weight, thickness and structural strengths, this flat-plate solar heat collector is all more suitable for combining with building, has widened its application approach, is widely used in the solar energy heating occasions such as civil buildings and industrial premises.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the front schematic view of the ultra-thin superconductive type heat-absorbing plate core of the present invention.
The schematic rear view of the ultra-thin superconductive type heat-absorbing plate core of Fig. 2 the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the three-dimensional assembly drawing of the ultra-thin heat-absorbing plate core of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the schematic rear view of the staggered heat-absorbing plate core of raised corrugations.
Fig. 5 is the schematic rear view that raised corrugations is arranged the heat-absorbing plate core being rectangle.
Fig. 6 is the schematic rear view that raised corrugations is arranged the heat-absorbing plate core of parallelogram.
Fig. 7 is the schematic rear view that raised corrugations is arranged the heat-absorbing plate core of ovalize.
Fig. 8 is the schematic three dimensional views that raised corrugations is the heat-absorbing plate core of spheroid.
Fig. 9 is the schematic three dimensional views that raised corrugations is the heat-absorbing plate core of the different spheroid of size.
Figure 10 is the schematic three dimensional views that raised corrugations is cylindrical heat-absorbing plate core.
Figure 11 is the schematic three dimensional views that raised corrugations is the heat-absorbing plate core of square.
Figure 12 is the schematic three dimensional views that raised corrugations is the heat-absorbing plate core of cone.
Figure 13 is the schematic three dimensional views that raised corrugations is polyhedral heat-absorbing plate core.
Figure 14 is the section plan that raised corrugations is the heat-absorbing plate core of spheroid.
Figure 15 is the section plan that raised corrugations is cylindrical heat-absorbing plate core.
Figure 16 is the section plan that raised corrugations is the heat-absorbing plate core of square.
Figure 17 is the section plan that raised corrugations is the heat-absorbing plate core of cone.
Figure 18 is the section plan that raised corrugations is polyhedral heat-absorbing plate core.
Figure 19 is the section plan that convex tendon ripple is the heat-absorbing plate core of vertical bar: vertical parallel runner.
Figure 20 is the board-like heat exchanger plane of metal foil that a kind of convex tendon ripple is vertical bar: vertical loop baffling road
Figure 21 is the board-like heat exchanger plane of metal foil that a kind of convex tendon ripple is vertical bar: horizontal loop baffling road
Figure 22 is the board-like heat exchanger plane of metal foil that a kind of convex tendon ripple is herringbone vertical bar: herringbone runner
Figure 23 is flat-plate solar heat collector front view.
Figure 24 is flat-plate solar heat collector side view.
Figure 25 is flat-plate solar heat collector dorsal view
Figure 26 is flat-plate solar heat collector top view.
Figure 27 is the three-dimensional assembling of flat-plate solar heat collector schematic diagram.
Figure 28 is flat-plate solar heat collector assembling parts schematic diagram.
Figure 29 is flat-plate solar heat collector connecting mode schematic diagram.
Figure 30 is another connecting mode schematic diagram of flat-plate solar heat collector.
In figure, the ultra-thin superconductive type flat-plate solar collector of 1-, 2-glass cover-plate, 3-side frame, 4-carries on the back frame, the outlet of 5-heat-transfer working medium, 6-insulation material, 7-corrugated sheet metal formula heat-absorbing plate core, the import of 8-heat-transfer working medium, 9-corrugated sheet metal, the level and smooth sheet metal of 10-, 11-solar energy heat absorbing coating, 12-guide protrusions or convex tendon, 13-working medium runner, 14-vertical parallel runner, the vertical rectangular convex tendon of 15-, 16-vertical loop baffling road, 17-horizontal loop baffling road, 18-horizontal strip convex tendon, 19-herringbone runner, 20-herringbone convex tendon, a-import, b-outlet, the c-gradient.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, technical scheme of the present invention is elaborated.
Consult Fig. 1-17, a kind of ultra-thin superconductive type heat-absorbing plate core 7 of the present invention, by level and smooth sheet metal 10 and corrugated sheet metal 9, be arranged in parallel, level and smooth sheet metal 10 outer surfaces are coated with composite solar heat absorbing coating 11, and corrugated sheet metal 9 inner surface punch formings go out water conservancy diversion projection or convex tendon 12.For can produce turbulent flow under lower Reynolds number, improve the heat exchange efficiency of heat exchanger core 7, in two sheet metals of its planar metal plate body, a slice is non-ripple planar sheet 10, and another sheet is for going out the corrugated foils 9 of water conservancy diversion projection or convex tendon 12 in inner surface punch forming.
Board-like heat exchanger core 7 integral body of metal foil in the present invention do not adopt any nonmetal encapsulant; The thin plate punching such as the stainless steel that corrugated cardboard sheet is 0.5～3mm by thickness, aluminium, titanium, molybdenum form, and can customize according to demand arbitrarily physical dimension, and by using multi-form grinding tool to be pressed into different ripple.
Level and smooth sheet metal 10 and corrugated sheet metal 9 consist of hermetically sealed welding, there are a plurality of heat transferring medium turbulent flow passageway 13, and there is at least one the working medium import being communicated with heat transferring medium runner 8 and at least one sender property outlet 5 being communicated with heat transferring medium runner.Corrugated sheet metal 9 has guide protrusions ripple 12, and its spread geometry can arrange for parallelogram, rectangle, circle, ellipse, triangle, trapezoidal, rhombus and other irregular alignments.The guide protrusions ripple 12 of corrugated sheet metal 9 is by inner panel surface punch forming, and convex shape can be spheroid, cylinder, circular cone, polyhedron, cuboid and other random geometry bodies.Plate in-core heat transferring medium turbulent flow passageway 13 also has Mutiple Choice according to protruding shape and difference arranged evenly.
This technical staff should understand, and the lines of corrugated foils 9 is only schematically here, is not circumscribed.As shown in Figure 18～20, the lines that corrugated foils is can be also vertical bar shaped ripple, be specially: the medial surface of corrugated foils 9 has some vertical bar shaped water conservancy diversion convex tendons 15 that are arranged in parallel from liquid feeding side to tapping side punch forming, and the runner mouth of adjacent row's water conservancy diversion convex tendon or be arranged in parallel or the setting of staggering, the vertical bar shaped water conservancy diversion convex tendon is here can be according to installation requirements parallel or vertically arrange.This has the corrugated foils 9 and rear heat transferring medium turbulent flow passageway 14 or heat transferring medium turbulent flow passageway 16 or the heat transferring medium turbulent flow passageway 17 of forming of non-ripple planar sheet 10 welding of perpendicular or parallel vertical bar shaped water conservancy diversion convex tendon.
In addition, as shown in figure 21, corrugated foils 9 can be also herringbone ripple, be specially: the medial surface of corrugated foils 9 has some herringbone water conservancy diversion convex tendons 19 that are arranged in parallel from liquid feeding side to tapping side punch forming, the setting of staggering of the runner mouth of adjacent row's water conservancy diversion convex tendon, and then form heat transferring medium turbulent flow passageway 18.
As shown in Figure 22-25, the invention also discloses a kind of flat-plate solar heat collector based on above-mentioned heat-absorbing plate core, it comprises glass cover-plate 2, frame 3, back of the body frame 4, insulation material 6, heat-absorbing plate core 7, working medium circulation import 8 and outlet 5.
Concrete: glass cover-plate 2, heat-absorbing plate core 7, insulation material 6, back of the body frame 4 are from top to bottom set in parallel in frame 3 successively.For improving heat exchange efficiency, between transparent cover plate and heat-absorbing plate core, leave one section of air heat insulating layer, heat exchanger core 7 is close to adiabator layer 6 and compression is placed on back of the body frame 4.In the present embodiment, the board-like heat exchanger core 7 of metal foil and adiabator layer 6 are rectangle, and working medium import 8 and sender property outlet 5 are circular, have respectively two places, four jiaos of right angles that open at rectangle.
The board-like heat exchanger of metal foil can be connected or formation heat exchange array in parallel successively by connecting tube.Figure 26 has provided the horizontal series and vertical coupled in series mode of flat-plate solar heat collector array, and it is by using the pipeline connecting parts 20 of standard to connect and compose heat exchanger matrix.
In actual motion, each main component of heat-transfer working medium can be mixed to get the suitable working medium of using in this climatic environment by a certain percentage.Heat-transfer working medium composition is 1,3-PD, water and a small amount of anticorrisive agent, and each main component of heat-transfer working medium need be mixed in the ratio of 5:4.5:0.5; Heat-transfer working medium is applicable to middle low-temperature solar energy heat collector, and temperature range of operation is-30 ℃ to 105 ℃, and operating temperature can be adjusted according to the different mixed proportion of main component; According to the different mixed proportion of main component, there is certain excursion in heat-transfer working medium thermodynamics attribute; Heat-transfer working medium corrosion protection is strong, and the available metal material of board core material material is as compound in copper, aluminium alloy, copper aluminium, stainless steel, galvanized steel etc.; Anticorrisive agent in described heat-transfer working medium is neutral organic carboxyl acid, phosphate-containing not, Boratex, nitrite or amine.
Superconduction contact heat transfer working medium can also be the mixture of methyl alcohol or ethylene glycol or acetone and water and anticorrisive agent.
In mixed working fluid, the ratio of water is higher, and complex heat transfer performance is stronger, but operating temperature lower limit rises; Otherwise the content of water is fewer in mixed working fluid, operating temperature lower limit reduces, but complex heat transfer performance weakens.
The operation principle summary of solar thermal collector is: when solar radiation is through after transparent cover plate, be incident upon on heat-absorbing plate core, overwhelming majority energy is absorbed and energy transform into heat energy (small part energy loses with forms such as heat or light reflections) by heat-absorbing plate core, then transfer heat to the superconductive heat transfer working medium in heat-absorbing plate core, the temperature of heat-transfer working medium is raise, as the effective energy output of heat collector.This is solar water heater known technology.
Claims (10)
1. a ultra-thin superconductive type heat-absorbing plate core, it is characterized in that: described heat-absorbing plate core is for to consist of hermetically sealed welding two sheet metals that be arranged in parallel, there is a heat transferring medium turbulent flow passageway, and there is at least one working medium import being communicated with heat transferring medium runner and at least one sender property outlet being communicated with heat transferring medium runner; Described two sheet metals that be arranged in parallel comprise the level and smooth sheet metal of upper end and the corrugated sheet metal of lower end; Described level and smooth metal sheet surface is coated with composite solar heat absorbing coating, and the punch forming of described corrugated sheet metal inner surface has water conservancy diversion projection or convex tendon.
2. a kind of ultra-thin superconductive type heat-absorbing plate core according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described corrugated sheet metal is bubble type ripple, the punch forming of described corrugated sheet metal medial surface has the identical or different spherical guide protrusions of the equally distributed dimensions of some rows, the setting of staggering of adjacent two rows' spherical guide protrusions.
3. a kind of ultra-thin superconductive type heat-absorbing plate core according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the guide protrusions of described corrugated sheet metal is spheroid, cylinder, circular cone, polyhedron, cuboid; The spread geometry of described corrugated sheet metal guide protrusions is parallelogram, rectangle, circle, ellipse, triangle, trapezoidal, rhombus.
4. a kind of ultra-thin superconductive type heat-absorbing plate core according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the medial surface of described corrugated sheet metal is provided with some water conservancy diversion convex tendons that are arranged in parallel, described guiding convex tendon from liquid feeding side to tapping side setting, and the runner mouths of the adjacent two row's water conservancy diversion convex tendons setting of staggering; Described water conservancy diversion convex tendon is vertical bar shaped or herringbone.
5. the flat-plate solar heat collector based on ultra-thin superconductive type heat-absorbing plate core, is characterized in that: comprise transparent cover plate, heat-absorbing plate core, heat-insulation layer and housing; Described transparent cover plate, heat absorbing core plate and heat-insulation layer be arranged in parallel from top to bottom successively, and the level and smooth metal plate of described heat-absorbing plate core is to transparent cover plate, and wavy metal plate is affixed to heat-insulation layer.
6. a kind of flat-plate solar heat collector based on ultra-thin superconductive type heat-absorbing plate core according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: the flat-plate solar heat collector of described ultra-thin superconductive type also comprises that one for installing the metal outer frame of transparent cover plate, heat-absorbing plate core and heat-insulation layer, described metal outer frame consists of the back of the body frame of side frame and side frame bottom, transparent cover plate is fixed in the side frame top of metal outer frame, and and heat-absorbing plate core between leave air heat insulating layer.
7. a kind of flat-plate solar heat collector based on ultra-thin superconductive type heat-absorbing plate core according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the side frame of described metal outer frame and back of the body frame can monolithic moldings, also can adopt split typely, by bolt or buckle, is connected and fixed.
8. a kind of flat-plate solar heat collector based on ultra-thin superconductive type heat-absorbing plate core according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described flat-plate solar heat collector is in series or in parallel to form heat exchange array successively by connecting tube.
9. a kind of flat-plate solar heat collector based on ultra-thin superconductive type heat-absorbing plate core according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: in described heat absorbing core plate, fill superconduction contact heat transfer working medium, its composition is 1, the mixture of ammediol, water and anticorrisive agent, wherein 1, ammediol, water and anticorrisive agent all mix according to the weight ratio of 5:4.5:0.5, and described anticorrisive agent is neutral organic carboxyl acid.
10. a kind of flat-plate solar heat collector based on ultra-thin superconductive type heat-absorbing plate core according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described superconduction contact heat transfer working medium can also be the mixture of methyl alcohol or ethylene glycol or acetone and water and anticorrisive agent.
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