CN103758555A - Method for automatically generating ventilation network map by coal mine ventilation network based data - Google Patents

Method for automatically generating ventilation network map by coal mine ventilation network based data Download PDF

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CN103758555A
CN103758555A CN201310700400.9A CN201310700400A CN103758555A CN 103758555 A CN103758555 A CN 103758555A CN 201310700400 A CN201310700400 A CN 201310700400A CN 103758555 A CN103758555 A CN 103758555A
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node
array
place
wind
branch
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CN103758555B (en
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蔡峰
刘泽功
李朝
费玉祥
张笑难
肖莹
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Anhui University of Science and Technology
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Anhui University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for automatically generating a ventilation network map by coal mine ventilation network based data. The method comprises the following steps of: preparing ventilation network based data; performing integrity detection on mine ventilation network based data; generating a ventilation network structure frame; drawing a ventilation network map; drawing a place using wind; drawing a node; drawing a branch. The method disclosed by the invention uses a computer to automatically generate the coal mine ventilation network based data into a ventilation network map, and has the advantages of high speed, high efficiency, small amount of workload, less error and convenience in adjustment.

Description

By coalmine ventilation network foundation data, automatically generated the method for ventilation network map
Technical field
The present invention relates generally to field, colliery, relates in particular to a kind of method that is automatically generated ventilation network map by coalmine ventilation network foundation data.
Background technology
Coal mine ventilation system provides existence necessary oxygen for underground work personnel, takes away the poisonous and harmful substances such as gas, dust simultaneously, is to ensure the basic guarantee of Safety of Coal Mine Production, is the most basic ring in the each production link in colliery.But coal mine ventilation system is the complication system consisting of hundreds of crisscross roadways.For convenience of the analysis to ventilation system, utilize the method for graph theory to carry out abstractdesription to coal mine ventilation system, coal mine ventilation system is depicted as to a system being comprised of node, branch and attribute thereof, be called ventilation network map, as shown in Figure 1.
Coalmine ventilation network utilize node, branch these intuitively geometric figure represent ventilation system, can intuitively, clearly reflect the structure of ventilation network and distinguished and admirable flow behavior, be the basis of carrying out various Ventilation analysis and calculating.
But because coalmine ventilation network is generally all very complicated, tunnel number is many, thereby the drafting of coalmine ventilation network is a very loaded down with trivial details job.By manual drawing, not only speed is slow, efficiency is low, workload is large, be easy to make mistakes, and is inconvenient to adjust, meanwhile, also often unsatisfactory aspect attractive in appearance and coordination, and modification is got up also very inconvenient.Thereby to utilize computer that coalmine ventilation network foundation data are generated to ventilation network map be automatically trend of the times.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is exactly the defect in order to make up prior art, and a kind of method that is automatically generated ventilation network map by coalmine ventilation network foundation data is provided.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
Automatically the method that is generated ventilation network map by coalmine ventilation network foundation data, is characterized in that, includes following steps:
(1) preparation of ventilation network basic data
1), first in ventilation network basic data, add the item of the type that characterizes a certain branch, wherein type be 1 expression be general branch, type be 2 expressions be with wind place branch, with wind place branch, comprise the coal-face branch of fixing air quantity branch, local fan ventilation branch, standby face branch and fixing air quantity, type be 3 expressions be ventilation fan branch;
In order to narrate conveniently, represent some branches by the mode of beginning node-end-node;
2), 3 the dynamic array of two-dimensional integer type: fenzhi of definition (, 2), yfdd (, 3) and fengji (, 2), be respectively used to store all branches, useful wind place branch and all blower fans branch; And fenzhi is read in respectively to, yfdd and fengji array in all branches in ventilation network basic data, useful wind place branch of institute and all blower fans branch;
For convenience of description, the quantity of establishing element in fenzhi, yfdd and fengji array is respectively Nfz, Nyf and Nfj;
(2) integrity detection of mine ventilation network basic data
Detect the integrality of ventilation network basic data, in data, whether have or not inflow and the detection without outflow node; Specific algorithm is as follows:
1 dynamic array mNode of one dimension integer type of definition (), all elements in traversal fenzhi array, determine maximum node number N, redefining mNode array is mNode (N), traveling through again fenzhi array, calculate the occurrence number of each beginning node and end-node in fenzhi array, is 1 if there is number of times, illustrate this node otherwise for without flow into node, or be without outflow node;
If existed without flowing into node or without flowing out node, illustrating in mine ventilation network basic data and have mistake, should be first according to testing result, revise and again detect again after basic data and carry out next step operation;
(3) generation of ventilation network structural framing
Specific Principles and flow process are as follows:
1), determine that in whole ventilation network map, having several subsystems, method is in ventilation network basic data, to have several blower fans just to have several ventilation systems;
2), determine respectively belong to which subsystem with wind place;
3), each system is all placed on paths maximum return side node the Far Left of subsystem at Far Left, and corresponding path therewith with wind place be placed on place subsystem the Far Left in useful wind place;
4), take the horizontal level with place, wind place as the 0th layer, node is arranged in vertical direction take layer as unit, with the layer value of wind place upper node on the occasion of, the layer value of bottom node is negative value;
5), in each subsystem except leftmost with the each wind place of use wind place, take the number of plies that is finally connected to the node on the path that return side node is maximum as foundation successively arrangement to the right;
6), with the node in each layer of top, wind place, in subsystem inside, by layer, be evenly arranged, in the horizontal direction; With the node in each layer of bottom, wind place, in whole network, by layer, be evenly arranged;
7), according to being connected branch with the position of wind place and node;
Determine each with wind place belong to which subsystem, the algorithm of the number of plies at nodes during respectively with No. 1 node in wind point arrival top, each node place is as follows:
A, 1 dynamic array mNodeLayer of one dimension integer type of definition () are for depositing the number of plies of each node; A dynamic array mYfNumsUp of one dimension integer type of definition () is for depositing each nodes during with No. 1 node in wind point arrival top; A dynamic array mYfNumsDown of one dimension integer type of definition () for deposit each with wind point, arrive bottom nodes during No. 1 node; A dynamic array mYfTongLuUp of one dimension character string type of definition () is for storing each node experiencing during to No. 1 node in top with wind place from each; A dynamic array mYfTongLuDown of one dimension character string type of definition () is for storing each node experiencing during to No. 1 node in bottom with wind place from each;
All elements in b, traversal fenzhi array, determine maximum node number N, redefining mNodeLayer array is mNodeLayer (N), and because the quantity of subsystem is the same with the quantity of blower fan branch, thereby mXiTong array has Nfj element;
C, utilize subfunction calculate each with wind place belong to which subsystem, nodes during respectively with No. 1 node in wind point arrival top and the number of plies with the node return side node place on top, wind place;
(4) drafting of ventilation network map
Utilize after mNodeLayer array, mYfNumsUp array, mYfTongLuUp array and the yfdd array of the method generation in step (3), can utilize computer drawing ventilation network map, plot step is: draw with wind place, draw node, draw branch;
(4.1) draw and use wind place
1), utilize the data in yfdd (n, 3) to determine which subsystem each belongs to wind place;
2), utilize mYfNumsUp array, determine the longest path in subsystems, this path drawing is at the Far Left of subsystem;
3), utilize mYfTongLuUp array, determine that each is with wind place putting in order from left to right: in each subsystem except leftmost with the each wind place of use wind place, take the number of plies that is finally connected to the node on the path that return side node is maximum as foundation successively arrangement to the right;
4), draw successively from left to right each node;
(4.2) draw node
1), determine the position with the node on top, wind place
In a, horizontal direction, utilize each sequence node mYfTongLuUp array experiencing during with No. 1 node in wind place to top to arrange node;
In b, vertical direction, according to the number of plies at the place of each node, be that mNodeLayer array is arranged node;
2), determine the position with the node of bottom, wind place
In a, horizontal direction, arrange node successively according to each sequence node mYfTongLuDown array experiencing during with No. 1 node in wind place to bottom, adjacent two euclidean distance between node pair equate;
In b, vertical direction, according to the number of plies at the place of each node, be that mNodeLayer array is arranged node, adjacent two layers spacing is equal, and in order to make figure attractive in appearance, interlamellar spacing must not be less than the twice of node outside diameter;
3), draw each node;
(4.3) draw branch
According to fengzhi array, connect with wind place and node, node and node, draw out branch.
Advantage of the present invention is:
The present invention utilize computer by coalmine ventilation network foundation data automatically generate ventilation network map speed piece, efficiency is high, workload is little, be difficult for makeing mistakes, and convenient adjustment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a typical ventilation network map.、
Fig. 2 is node and the layout schematic diagram with wind place in ventilation network map of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Automatically the method that is generated ventilation network map by coalmine ventilation network foundation data, is characterized in that, includes following steps:
(1) preparation of ventilation network basic data
A, first in ventilation network basic data, add characterize a certain branch type item, as shown in table 1 below, wherein type be 1 expression be general branch, type be 2 expressions be with wind place branch, with wind place branch, comprise the coal-face branch of fixing air quantity branch, local fan ventilation branch, standby face branch and fixing air quantity, type be 3 expressions be ventilation fan branch;
In order to narrate conveniently, represent some branches by the mode of beginning node-end-node, as branch 1 can be expressed as " 1-2 ", branch 10 can be expressed as " 13-15 ";
Table 1 ventilation network basic data example (part)
Branch Beginning node End-node Tunnel title Type Shape Supporting Area Length Angle Resistance coefficient Required airflow
1 1 2 New auxiliary shaft 1 Circular Concrete 28.26 282.6 0 100 0
2 1 3 Main shaft 1 Circular Concrete 20 302 0 100 0
3 1 3 Old auxiliary shaft 1 Circular Concrete 12.56 260 0 100 0
4 2 4 New auxiliary shaft end opening detours 1 Semicircular arch Build arch 10.2 60 0 100 0
5 4 5 Explosives magazine 2 Semicircular arch Build arch 0 0 0 100 2
6 4 7 The secondary crossdrift of two levels 1 Semicircular arch Shotcrete 12.4 360 0 100 0
7 4 7 The positive crossdrift of two levels 1 Semicircular arch Shotcrete 10.2 380 0 100 0
8 4 67 Brattice 2 Semicircular arch Shotcrete 0 0 0 100 0.5
9 6 34 Inclined shaft connection lane 1 Semicircular arch Shotcrete 9.8 150 0 100 0
10 13 15 264 air intakes are gone down the hill 1 Semicircular arch Shotcrete 6.5 510 0 100 0
11 14 37 1311 fortune are along heading end 2 Semicircular arch Shotcrete 0 0 0 100 0.5
12 14 38 Two horizontal Nan great lanes 1 Semicircular arch Shotcrete 10.2 200 0 100 0
13 15 17 Air door 2 Semicircular arch Shotcrete 0 0 0 100 0.5
14 15 18 264 air intakes are gone down the hill 1 Semicircular arch Shotcrete 7.8 160 0 100 0
15 16 21 Air door 2 Semicircular arch Shotcrete 0 0 0 100 3.5
16 16 27 2646 lanes 1 Semicircular arch Shotcrete 6.2 100 0 100 0
17 17 22 264 return air are gone down the hill 1 Semicircular arch Shotcrete 11.1 270 0 100 0
18 18 16 264 tracks are gone down the hill 1 Semicircular arch Shotcrete 9.2 296 0 100 0
19 18 17 Electric substation 2 Semicircular arch Shotcrete 0 0 0 100 1.5
20 19 23 Tunnel wind 2 Semicircular arch Shotcrete 0 0 0 100 0.5
21 19 24 2646 machine lanes 1 Semicircular arch Shotcrete 6.2 650 0 100 0
22 20 22 Tunnel wind 2 Semicircular arch Shotcrete 0 0 0 100 1
23 105 106 West air shaft pit shaft 1 Circular Concrete 12.56 212 0 100 0
24 106 1 West air shaft chamber 3 Rectangle Build arch 15 15 0 100 0
... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
B, 3 the dynamic array of two-dimensional integer type: fenzhi of definition (, 2), yfdd (, 3) and fengji (, 2), be respectively used to store all branches, useful wind place branch of institute and all blower fans branch, for example, if the data in table 1 are read in to this 3 arrays, fengzhi (0,0) value is " 1 " (branch), and the value of fengzhi (0,1) is " 1 " (beginning node), the value of fengzhi (0,2) is " 2 " (end-node); The value of yfdd (0,0) is " 5 ", and the value of yfdd (0,1) is " 4 ", and the value of yfdd (0,2) is " 5 "; The value of fengji (0,0) is " 24 ", and the value of fengji (0,1) is " 106 ", and the value of fengji (0,2) is " 1 "; If yfdd (0,3)=24, (0, x) branch of representative belongs to the extension set branch of No. 24 branch (106-1, west air shaft chamber) representative to yfdd; And fenzhi is read in respectively to, yfdd and fengji array in all branches in ventilation network basic data, useful wind place branch of institute and all blower fans branch; For convenience of description, the quantity of establishing element in fenzhi, yfdd and fengji array is respectively Nfz, Nyf and Nfj.
(2) integrity detection of mine ventilation network basic data
Detect the integrality of ventilation network basic data, in data, whether have or not inflow and the detection without outflow node; For example from table 1, can retrieve " 1-2 ", " 2-4 ", " 4-5 " branch, but can not find take 5 as beginning node branch, node 5 is " without flowing out node "; From table 1, can not find take 13 branches as end-node, node 13 is " without flowing into node ";
Specific algorithm is as follows:
1 dynamic array mNode of one dimension integer type of definition (), all elements in traversal fenzhi array, determine maximum node number N, redefining mNode array is mNode (N), traveling through again fenzhi array, calculate the occurrence number of each beginning node and end-node in fenzhi array, is 1 if there is number of times, illustrate this node otherwise for without flow into node, or be without outflow node;
If existed without flowing into node or without flowing out node, illustrating in mine ventilation network basic data and have mistake, should be first according to testing result, revise and again detect again after basic data and carry out next step operation;
(3) generation of ventilation network structural framing
Specific Principles and flow process are as follows:
1), determine that in whole ventilation network map, having several subsystems, method is in ventilation network basic data, to have several blower fans just to have several ventilation systems, as " subsystem 1 " in Fig. 2 and " subsystem 2 ";
2), determine respectively belong to which subsystem with wind place, as " with wind place 2 " in Fig. 2, belong to " subsystem 1 ", " with wind place n+1 " belongs to " subsystem 2 ";
3), each system is all placed on paths maximum return side node the Far Left of subsystem at Far Left, and corresponding path therewith with wind place be placed on place subsystem the Far Left in useful wind place, as " with wind place 1 " in Fig. 2 and relevant path, " with wind place n+1 " and relevant path thereof are all placed on the Far Left of place subsystem;
4), take the horizontal level with place, wind place as the 0th layer, node is arranged in vertical direction take layer as unit, with the layer value of wind place upper node on the occasion of, the layer value of bottom node is negative value, as shown in Figure 2;
5), the each wind place of using except leftmost use wind place in each subsystem, take the number of plies that is finally connected to the node on the path that return side node is maximum as according to arranging to the right successively, " with wind place 2 " and " with wind place 3 " is finally connected to the 2nd layer in " path 1 " as shown in Figure 2, thereby comes the 2nd and the 3rd (position of " with wind place 2 " and " with wind place 3 " can exchange); " with wind place 4 " is finally connected to the 3rd layer in " path 1 ", thereby comes the right side of " with wind place 2 " and " with wind place 3 ", the like;
6), with the node in each layer of top, wind place, in subsystem inside, by layer, be evenly arranged, in the horizontal direction; With the node in each layer of bottom, wind place, in whole network, by layer, be evenly arranged, as shown in Figure 2;
7), according to being connected branch with the position of wind place and node;
Determine each with wind place belong to which subsystem, the algorithm of the number of plies at nodes during respectively with No. 1 node in wind point arrival top, each node place is as follows:
A, 1 dynamic array mNodeLayer of one dimension integer type of definition () are for depositing the number of plies of each node; A dynamic array mYfNumsUp of one dimension integer type of definition () is for depositing each nodes during with No. 1 node in wind point arrival top; A dynamic array mYfNumsDown of one dimension integer type of definition () for deposit each with wind point, arrive bottom nodes during No. 1 node; A dynamic array mYfTongLuUp of one dimension character string type of definition () for example, for storing each node (path) experiencing during to No. 1 node in top with wind place from each: the path that " with wind place 4 " in Fig. 2 arrives No. 1 node in top is " 11,14,16,17 "; A dynamic array mYfTongLuDown of one dimension character string type of definition () is for storing each node (path) experiencing during to No. 1 node in bottom with wind place from each;
All elements in b, traversal fenzhi array, determine maximum node number N, redefining mNodeLayer array is mNodeLayer (N), and because the quantity of subsystem is the same with the quantity of blower fan branch, thereby mXiTong array has Nfj element;
C, utilize following subfunction calculate each with wind place belong to which subsystem, nodes during respectively with No. 1 node in wind point arrival top and the number of plies with the node return side node place on top, wind place:
Figure BDA0000440780460000081
Figure BDA0000440780460000101
(4) drafting of ventilation network map
Utilize after mNodeLayer array, mYfNumsUp array, mYfTongLuUp array and the yfdd array of the method generation in step (3), can utilize computer drawing ventilation network map, plot step is: draw with wind place, draw node, draw branch;
(4.1) draw and use wind place
1), utilize the data in yfdd (n, 3) to determine which subsystem each belongs to wind place;
2), utilize mYfNumsUp array, determine the longest path in subsystems, this path drawing is at the Far Left of subsystem;
3), utilize mYfTongLuUp array, determine that each is with wind place putting in order from left to right: in each subsystem except leftmost with the each wind place of use wind place, take the number of plies that is finally connected to the node on the path that return side node is maximum as foundation successively arrangement to the right;
4), draw successively from left to right each node;
(4.2) draw node
1), determine the position with the node on top, wind place
In a, horizontal direction, utilize each sequence node (mYfTongLuUp array) experiencing during with No. 1 node in wind place to top to arrange node;
In b, vertical direction, according to the number of plies at the place of each node (mNodeLayer array), arrange node.
2), determine the position with the node of bottom, wind place
In a, horizontal direction, arrange node successively according to each sequence node (mYfTongLuDown array) experiencing during with No. 1 node in wind place to bottom, adjacent two euclidean distance between node pair equate;
In b, vertical direction, according to the number of plies at the place of each node (mNodeLayer array), arrange node, adjacent two layers spacing is equal, and in order to make figure attractive in appearance, interlamellar spacing must not be less than the twice of node outside diameter;
3), draw each node;
(4.3) draw branch
According to fengzhi array, connect with wind place and node, node and node, draw out branch.

Claims (1)

1. the method that is automatically generated ventilation network map by coalmine ventilation network foundation data, is characterized in that, includes following steps:
(1) preparation of ventilation network basic data
1), first in ventilation network basic data, add the item of the type that characterizes a certain branch, wherein type be 1 expression be general branch, type be 2 expressions be with wind place branch, with wind place branch, comprise the coal-face branch of fixing air quantity branch, local fan ventilation branch, standby face branch and fixing air quantity, type be 3 expressions be ventilation fan branch;
In order to narrate conveniently, represent some branches by the mode of beginning node-end-node;
2), 3 the dynamic array of two-dimensional integer type: fenzhi of definition (, 2), yfdd (, 3) and fengji (, 2), be respectively used to store all branches, useful wind place branch and all blower fans branch; And fenzhi is read in respectively to, yfdd and fengji array in all branches in ventilation network basic data, useful wind place branch of institute and all blower fans branch;
For convenience of description, the quantity of establishing element in fenzhi, yfdd and fengji array is respectively Nfz, Nyf and Nfj;
(2) integrity detection of mine ventilation network basic data
Detect the integrality of ventilation network basic data, in data, whether have or not inflow and the detection without outflow node; Specific algorithm is as follows:
1 dynamic array mNode of one dimension integer type of definition (), all elements in traversal fenzhi array, determine maximum node number N, redefining mNode array is mNode (N), traveling through again fenzhi array, calculate the occurrence number of each beginning node and end-node in fenzhi array, is 1 if there is number of times, illustrate this node otherwise for without flow into node, or be without outflow node;
If existed without flowing into node or without flowing out node, illustrating in mine ventilation network basic data and have mistake, should be first according to testing result, revise and again detect again after basic data and carry out next step operation;
(3) generation of ventilation network structural framing
Specific Principles and flow process are as follows:
1), determine that in whole ventilation network map, having several subsystems, method is in ventilation network basic data, to have several blower fans just to have several ventilation systems;
2), determine respectively belong to which subsystem with wind place;
3), each system is all placed on paths maximum return side node the Far Left of subsystem at Far Left, and corresponding path therewith with wind place be placed on place subsystem the Far Left in useful wind place;
4), take the horizontal level with place, wind place as the 0th layer, node is arranged in vertical direction take layer as unit, with the layer value of wind place upper node on the occasion of, the layer value of bottom node is negative value;
5), in each subsystem except leftmost with the each wind place of use wind place, take the number of plies that is finally connected to the node on the path that return side node is maximum as foundation successively arrangement to the right;
6), with the node in each layer of top, wind place, in subsystem inside, by layer, be evenly arranged, in the horizontal direction; With the node in each layer of bottom, wind place, in whole network, by layer, be evenly arranged;
7), according to being connected branch with the position of wind place and node;
Determine each with wind place belong to which subsystem, the algorithm of the number of plies at nodes during respectively with No. 1 node in wind point arrival top, each node place is as follows:
A, 1 dynamic array mNodeLayer of one dimension integer type of definition () are for depositing the number of plies of each node; A dynamic array mYfNumsUp of one dimension integer type of definition () is for depositing each nodes during with No. 1 node in wind point arrival top; A dynamic array mYfNumsDown of one dimension integer type of definition () for deposit each with wind point, arrive bottom nodes during No. 1 node; A dynamic array mYfTongLuUp of one dimension character string type of definition () is for storing each node experiencing during to No. 1 node in top with wind place from each; A dynamic array mYfTongLuDown of one dimension character string type of definition () is for storing each node experiencing during to No. 1 node in bottom with wind place from each;
All elements in b, traversal fenzhi array, determine maximum node number N, redefining mNodeLayer array is mNodeLayer (N), and because the quantity of subsystem is the same with the quantity of blower fan branch, thereby mXiTong array has Nfj element;
C, utilize subfunction calculate each with wind place belong to which subsystem, nodes during respectively with No. 1 node in wind point arrival top and the number of plies with the node return side node place on top, wind place;
(4) drafting of ventilation network map
Utilize after mNodeLayer array, mYfNumsUp array, mYfTongLuUp array and the yfdd array of the method generation in step (3), can utilize computer drawing ventilation network map, plot step is: draw with wind place, draw node, draw branch;
(4.1) draw and use wind place
1), utilize the data in yfdd (n, 3) to determine which subsystem each belongs to wind place;
2), utilize mYfNumsUp array, determine the longest path in subsystems, this path drawing is at the Far Left of subsystem;
3), utilize mYfTongLuUp array, determine that each is with wind place putting in order from left to right: in each subsystem except leftmost with the each wind place of use wind place, take the number of plies that is finally connected to the node on the path that return side node is maximum as foundation successively arrangement to the right;
4), draw successively from left to right each node;
(4.2) draw node
1), determine the position with the node on top, wind place
In a, horizontal direction, utilize each sequence node mYfTongLuUp array experiencing during with No. 1 node in wind place to top to arrange node;
In b, vertical direction, according to the number of plies at the place of each node, be that mNodeLayer array is arranged node;
2), determine the position with the node of bottom, wind place
In a, horizontal direction, arrange node successively according to each sequence node mYfTongLuDown array experiencing during with No. 1 node in wind place to bottom, adjacent two euclidean distance between node pair equate;
In b, vertical direction, according to the number of plies at the place of each node, be that mNodeLayer array is arranged node, adjacent two layers spacing is equal, and in order to make figure attractive in appearance, interlamellar spacing must not be less than the twice of node outside diameter;
3), draw each node;
(4.3) draw branch
According to fengzhi array, connect with wind place and node, node and node, draw out branch.
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CN104775841A (en) * 2015-03-02 2015-07-15 陕西陕煤黄陵矿业有限公司 Ventilation network security division partitioning method oriented to mine air points
CN104775841B (en) * 2015-03-02 2017-01-04 陕西陕煤黄陵矿业有限公司 Ventilation network safety partition method for mine wind points
CN106951670A (en) * 2017-05-23 2017-07-14 中国神华能源股份有限公司 Method, device and the electronic equipment of ventilation network equivalent-simplification
CN106951670B (en) * 2017-05-23 2020-08-04 中国神华能源股份有限公司 Method and device for equivalently simplifying ventilation network and electronic equipment

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