CN103752159A - Flue gas treatment acid absorption system and method - Google Patents
Flue gas treatment acid absorption system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103752159A CN103752159A CN201410040105.XA CN201410040105A CN103752159A CN 103752159 A CN103752159 A CN 103752159A CN 201410040105 A CN201410040105 A CN 201410040105A CN 103752159 A CN103752159 A CN 103752159A
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Abstract
The invention provides a flue gas treatment acid absorption system and method. According to the method, flue gas treated by an aluminum chloride roasting system enters a rapid quenching tower, and acid liquid is fed into a heat exchanger of the rapid quenching tower through a circulating pump of the rapid quenching tower to make contact with circulating cooling water so as to exchange heat; the flue gas cooled by the rapid quenching tower enters a primary pneumatic absorption tower to form a diluted hydrochloric acid solution, the diluted hydrochloric acid solution is fed into a primary tower heat exchanger through a primary tower circulating pump, and the flue gas enters a secondary pneumatic absorption tower after passing through the primary pneumatic absorption tower; in the secondary pneumatic absorption tower, HCl gas in the flue gas is dissolved in diluted acid liquid, and the diluted acid liquid is fed into the tower after exchanging heat with frozen water in a secondary tower heat exchanger through a secondary circulating pump; the flue gas from the secondary pneumatic absorption tower enters a tertiary pneumatic absorption tower; the flue gas subjected to tertiary absorption enters an alkaline washing tower; the flue gas subjected to alkaline washing is subjected to steam-water separation through a gas-liquid separator and discharged from a chimney through a draft fan. Therefore, HCl in the flue gas can be absorbed and 25%-31% of HCl can be generated for factory use.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to flue gas treating process technology, be specially containing hydrogen chloride flue gas and process sour absorption technique system and method.
Background technology
Flyash is the solid waste that coal-burning power plant discharges, China Shi Yigemei TV university state, produces a large amount of aluminous fly-ash (Al2O3 >=38wt%) after coal burning, a large amount of soils are are not only occupied in the discharge of flyash, and serious environment pollution, formed the dual destruction to ecosystem environment.China is maximum in the world alumina producing state, but China's high-grade bauxite wretched insufficiency has had a strong impact on the fast development of China's aluminum oxide industry.Rationally utilize coal ash for manufacturing for aluminium oxide, both can reduce environmental pollution, can make up again the huge breach of aluminium oxide consumption, economical, societal benefits are remarkable.
For the present situation of China's bauxite resource wretched insufficiency, many scientific research institutions actively develop aluminous fly-ash comprehensive utilization and produce the research of aluminium oxide project.For the higher circulating fluid bed coal ash of activity, the normal method of direct and acid reaction that adopts is prepared aluminium oxide, and flyash acid treatment extracts aluminium oxide has become a kind of trend.Main technique tends to flyash after stripping, to generate Aluminum Chloride Hexahydrate successively through sedimentation, evaporative crystallization in hydrochloric acid, and Aluminum Chloride Hexahydrate particle resolves into aluminium oxide and hydrogen chloride gas by rotary kiln or fluiddized-bed roasting.But the subsequent treatment problem of the flue gas of the gas containing hydrogen chloride producing for roasting, does not also have clear and definite processing method at present.
Summary of the invention
The flue gas processing problem that the object of the invention is to extract for acid system aluminium oxide calcining technique, provides a kind of flue gas to process sour absorption system and method, and it can be realized the thorough absorption of hydrogen chloride in flue gas and produce certain density hydrochloric acid is that factory is used.
Realize the technical scheme of the object of the invention: a kind of flue gas is processed sour absorption system, this system comprises quench tower, one-level pneumatic absorbing tower, secondary pneumatic absorbing tower, three grades of pneumatic absorbing towers, caustic wash tower, gas-liquid separator, chimney, quench tower heat exchanger, first stage tower heat exchanger, secondary tower heat exchanger, alkali liquid tank, quench tower circulating pump, acid solution rear pump, first stage tower circulating pump, secondary tower circulating pump, three grades of tower circulating pumps, alkali cleaning circulating pump, air-introduced machine and acid solution storage tanks; Wherein, quench tower is connected by pipeline with one-level pneumatic absorbing tower and quench tower heat exchanger, one-level pneumatic absorbing tower is connected by pipeline with secondary pneumatic absorbing tower and first stage tower heat exchanger, secondary pneumatic absorbing tower is connected by pipeline with three grades of pneumatic absorbing towers and secondary tower heat exchanger, three grades of pneumatic absorbing towers are connected by pipeline with caustic wash tower, caustic wash tower is connected by pipeline with gas-liquid separator, and gas-liquid separator is connected by pipeline with chimney; On the pipeline being connected with quench tower heat exchanger at quench tower, be provided with quench tower circulating pump; On the pipeline being connected with first stage tower heat exchanger at one-level pneumatic absorbing tower, be provided with first stage tower circulating pump; On the pipeline being connected with secondary tower heat exchanger at secondary pneumatic absorbing tower, be provided with secondary tower circulating pump; Quench tower is also connected respectively acid solution storage tank with one-level pneumatic absorbing tower; Acid solution storage tank connects press filteration system by acid solution rear pump; Caustic wash tower also connects alkali liquid tank.
A kind of flue gas as above is processed sour absorption system, and the quench tower top cooling section described in it is graphite section, and hypomere is the sour tank of carbon steel line with rubber.
A kind of flue gas as above is processed sour absorption system, and the one-level pneumatic absorbing tower described in it is provided with that three layers of spray, secondary pneumatic absorbing tower are provided with two layers of spray, three grades of pneumatic absorbing towers are provided with two layers of spray.
A kind of flue gas as above is processed sour absorption system, and it is provided with three grades of tower circulating pumps on the circulated sprinkling pipeline of three grades of pneumatic absorbing towers, on the spray pipeline being connected, is provided with alkali cleaning circulating pump in alkali liquid tank outlet with caustic wash tower.
A kind of flue gas of the present invention is processed sour absorption process, and its method comprises the steps:
(a) flue gas after aluminium chloride roasting system is processed enters quench tower, in quench tower, flue gas directly contact with the circulation watery hydrochloric acid following current of atomisation conduct heat, mass transport process; Gained acid solution is sent into quench tower heat exchanger and recirculated cooling water contact heat-exchanging by quench tower circulating pump, from quench tower acid liquor temperature out, is 60～80 ℃, after quench tower heat exchanger cools to approximately 50 ℃, sends back to quench tower;
(b) flue gas after quench tower cooling enters one-level pneumatic absorbing tower, and in one-level pneumatic absorbing tower, cigarette G&W fully contacts, and water absorbs the HCl in flue gas, forms dilute hydrochloric acid solution; Dilute hydrochloric acid solution is stored in tower bottom, then sends into first stage tower heat exchanger by first stage tower circulating pump, is reduced to 30 ℃ sprays into one-level pneumatic absorbing tower and recycle with temperature after chilled water heat exchange; When reaching 25～31%, concentration passes out to acid solution storage tank; After one-level pneumatic absorbing tower, flue-gas temperature is reduced to approximately 40 ℃ and enters into secondary pneumatic absorbing tower;
(c) in secondary pneumatic absorbing tower, flue gas absorbs watery hydrochloric acid with circulation and goes in the same direction, and now, the HCl gas dissolution in flue gas is in pickle, and water vapour is condensed into water; Pickle is sent back in tower in secondary tower heat exchanger with after chilled water heat exchange via secondary circulating pump; By secondary pneumatic absorbing tower bottom hydrochloric acid out, a part is transmitted back to one-level pneumatic absorbing tower, and in one-level pneumatic absorbing tower, circulation absorbs enrichment, and all the other major parts are by sour pumped back secondary pneumatic absorbing tower, as the absorption liquid of secondary pneumatic absorbing tower;
(d) from secondary pneumatic absorbing tower flue gas out, its HCl content reduces greatly, enters into three grades of pneumatic absorbing towers; In three grades of pneumatic absorbing towers, flue gas fully contacts with cooling rear acid solution, and the HCl in flue gas is absorbed, and absorption liquid stores up acid section under tower, by three grades of tower circulating pump parts, deliver to secondary pneumatic absorbing tower again and carry out enrichment, another part is transmitted back to three grades of pneumatic absorbing tower circulations;
(e) flue gas after three grades of absorptions enters into caustic wash tower, and in caustic wash tower, flue gas goes in the same direction with the alkali lye from alkali cleaning circulating pump, haptoreaction, and in flue gas, remaining few HCl is neutralized by the NaOH in alkali lye; Liquid self-flowing after neutralization is got back in alkali liquid tank;
(f) flue gas after alkali cleaning is undertaken, after carbonated drink separation, through air-introduced machine, sending chimney by gas-liquid separator.
A kind of flue gas as above is processed sour absorption process, and it lowers the temperature smoothly for assurance flue gas in quench tower, and industry water moisturizing is set, and after chilling, flue-gas temperature is reduced to 60～80 ℃; In quench tower, there is a small amount of HCl to be absorbed, after reaching finite concentration, the watery hydrochloric acid circulation of generation enters acid solution storage tank.
A kind of flue gas as above is processed sour absorption process, contains the Al that roasting produces in the first product acid that the quench tower described in it and one-level pneumatic absorbing tower produce
2o
3impurity, is sent to after press filteration system press filtration by acid solution rear pump, and purer filtrate is sent factory back to and continued to use.
A kind of flue gas as above is processed sour absorption process, and the watery hydrochloric acid concentration described in it is below 25%.
Effect of the present invention is: flue gas provided by the invention processes sour absorption system and method both can guarantee that the HCl in flue gas was absorbed, the hydrochloric acid that can produce 25-31% for factory simultaneously, not only can realize flue gas qualified discharge, can also, for enterprise creates certain economic benefit, there is good promotion and application prospect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that a kind of flue gas of the present invention is processed sour absorption system schematic diagram;
In figure: 1. quench tower; 2. one-level pneumatic absorbing tower; 3. secondary pneumatic absorbing tower; 4. three grades of pneumatic absorbing towers; 5. caustic wash tower; 6. gas-liquid separator; 7. chimney; 8. quench tower heat exchanger; 9. first stage tower heat exchanger; 10. secondary tower heat exchanger; 11. alkali liquid tanks; 12. quench tower circulating pumps; 13. acid solution rear pumps; 14. first stage tower circulating pumps; 15. secondary tower circulating pumps; 16. 3 grades of tower circulating pumps; 17. alkali cleaning circulating pumps; 18. air-introduced machines; 19. acid solution storage tanks.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, a kind of flue gas of the present invention is processed to sour absorption system and method is further described.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of flue gas of the present invention is processed sour absorption system and is comprised quench tower 1, one-level pneumatic absorbing tower 2, secondary pneumatic absorbing tower 3, three grades of pneumatic absorbing towers 4, caustic wash tower 5, gas-liquid separator 6, chimney 7, quench tower heat exchanger 8, first stage tower heat exchanger 9, secondary tower heat exchanger 10, alkali liquid tank 11, quench tower circulating pump 12, acid solution rear pump 13, first stage tower circulating pump 14, secondary tower circulating pump 15, three grades of tower circulating pumps 16, alkali cleaning circulating pump 17, air-introduced machine 18 and acid solution storage tanks 19;
Wherein, quench tower 1 is connected by pipeline with one-level pneumatic absorbing tower 2 and quench tower heat exchanger 8, one-level pneumatic absorbing tower 2 is connected by pipeline with secondary pneumatic absorbing tower 3 and first stage tower heat exchanger 9, secondary pneumatic absorbing tower 3 is connected by pipeline with three grades of pneumatic absorbing towers 4 and secondary tower heat exchanger 10, three grades of pneumatic absorbing towers 4 are connected by pipeline with caustic wash tower 5, caustic wash tower 5 is connected by pipeline with gas-liquid separator 6, and gas-liquid separator 6 is connected by pipeline with chimney 7;
On the pipeline being connected with quench tower heat exchanger 8 at quench tower 1, be provided with quench tower circulating pump 12; On the pipeline being connected with first stage tower heat exchanger 9 at one-level pneumatic absorbing tower 2, be provided with first stage tower circulating pump 14; On the pipeline being connected with secondary tower heat exchanger 10 at secondary pneumatic absorbing tower 3, be provided with secondary tower circulating pump 15; Quench tower 1 is also connected respectively acid solution storage tank 19 with one-level pneumatic absorbing tower 2; Acid solution storage tank 19 connects press filteration system by acid solution rear pump 13; Caustic wash tower 5 also connects alkali liquid tank 11.
Described quench tower 1 top cooling section is graphite section, and hypomere is the sour tank of carbon steel line with rubber.
Described one-level pneumatic absorbing tower 2 is provided with that three layers of spray, secondary pneumatic absorbing tower 3 are provided with two layers of spray, three grades of pneumatic absorbing towers 4 are provided with two layers of spray.
On the circulated sprinkling pipeline of three grades of pneumatic absorbing towers 4, be provided with three grades of tower circulating pumps 16, on the spray pipeline being connected with caustic wash tower 5 in alkali liquid tank 11 outlets, be provided with alkali cleaning circulating pump 17.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of flue gas of the present invention is processed sour absorption process and is comprised the steps:
(a) flue gas after aluminium chloride roasting system is processed enters quench tower 1, in quench tower 1, flue gas directly contact with the circulation watery hydrochloric acid following current of atomisation conduct heat, mass transport process; Gained acid solution is sent into quench tower heat exchanger 8 and recirculated cooling water contact heat-exchanging by quench tower circulating pump 12, from quench tower 1 acid liquor temperature out, be 60～80 ℃ (for example 60 ℃, 70 ℃ or 80 ℃), after quench tower heat exchanger 8 cools to approximately 50 ℃, send back to quench tower 1; For assurance flue gas, lower the temperature smoothly, industry water moisturizing is set, after chilling, flue-gas temperature is reduced to 60～80 ℃ (for example 60 ℃, 70 ℃ or 80 ℃); In quench tower 1, there is a small amount of HCl to be absorbed, after reaching finite concentration, the watery hydrochloric acid circulation of generation enters acid solution storage tank 19.In the first product acid that quench tower 1 and one-level pneumatic absorbing tower 2 produce, contain the Al2O3 impurity that roasting produces, by acid solution rear pump 13, be sent to after press filteration system press filtration, purer filtrate is sent factory back to and is continued to use.
(b) flue gas after quench tower 1 cooling enters one-level pneumatic absorbing tower 2, and in one-level pneumatic absorbing tower 2, cigarette G&W fully contacts, and water absorbs the HCl in flue gas, forms dilute hydrochloric acid solution; Dilute hydrochloric acid solution is stored in tower bottom, then sends into first stage tower heat exchanger 9 by first stage tower circulating pump 14, is reduced to 30 ℃ sprays into one-level pneumatic absorbing tower 2 and recycle with temperature after chilled water heat exchange; When reaching 25～31%, concentration passes out to acid solution storage tank 19; After one-level pneumatic absorbing tower 2, flue-gas temperature is reduced to approximately 40 ℃ and enters into secondary pneumatic absorbing tower 3;
(c) in secondary pneumatic absorbing tower 3, flue gas absorbs dilute hydrochloric acid liquid with circulation and goes in the same direction, and now, the HCl gas dissolution in flue gas is in pickle, and water vapour is condensed into water; Pickle is sent back in tower in secondary tower heat exchanger 10 Yu after chilled water heat exchange via secondary circulating pump 15; By secondary pneumatic absorbing tower 3 bottoms hydrochloric acid out, a part is transmitted back to one-level pneumatic absorbing tower 2, in the interior circulation of one-level pneumatic absorbing tower 2, absorbs enrichment, and all the other major parts are by sour pumped back secondary pneumatic absorbing tower 3, as the absorption liquid of secondary pneumatic absorbing tower 3;
(d) from secondary pneumatic absorbing tower 3 flue gas out, its HCl content reduces greatly, enters into three grades of pneumatic absorbing towers 4; In three grades of pneumatic absorbing towers 4, flue gas fully contacts with cooling rear acid solution, and the HCl in flue gas is absorbed, and absorption liquid stores up acid section under tower, by three grades of tower circulating pump 16 parts, deliver to secondary pneumatic absorbing tower 3 again and carry out enrichment, another part is transmitted back to 4 circulations of three grades of pneumatic absorbing towers; After three grades of pneumatic absorbing towers, the HCl in flue gas is absorbed approximately 99.5%.
(e) flue gas after three grades of absorptions enters into caustic wash tower 5, and in caustic wash tower 5, flue gas goes in the same direction with the alkali lye from alkali cleaning circulating pump 17, haptoreaction, and in flue gas, remaining few HCl is neutralized by the NaOH in alkali lye; Liquid self-flowing after neutralization is got back in alkali liquid tank 11; Through the pH value in detecting alkali liquid tank, in tank, supplement the NaOH aqueous solution or the salt solution after neutralization is sent to battery limit (BL);
(f) flue gas after alkali cleaning is undertaken, after carbonated drink separation, through air-introduced machine 18, sending chimney 7 by gas-liquid separator 6, and fume emission is up to state standards.
Watery hydrochloric acid concentration described above is below 25%.
Claims (8)
1. a flue gas is processed sour absorption system, it is characterized in that: this system comprises quench tower (1), one-level pneumatic absorbing tower (2), secondary pneumatic absorbing tower (3), three grades of pneumatic absorbing towers (4), caustic wash tower (5), gas-liquid separator (6), chimney (7), quench tower heat exchanger (8), first stage tower heat exchanger (9), secondary tower heat exchanger (10), alkali liquid tank (11), quench tower circulating pump (12), acid solution rear pump (13), first stage tower circulating pump (14), secondary tower circulating pump (15), three grades of tower circulating pumps (16), alkali cleaning circulating pump (17), air-introduced machine (18) and acid solution storage tank (19),
Wherein, quench tower (1) is connected by pipeline with one-level pneumatic absorbing tower (2) and quench tower heat exchanger (8), one-level pneumatic absorbing tower (2) is connected by pipeline with secondary pneumatic absorbing tower (3) and first stage tower heat exchanger (9), secondary pneumatic absorbing tower (3) is connected by pipeline with three grades of pneumatic absorbing towers (4) and secondary tower heat exchanger (10), three grades of pneumatic absorbing towers (4) are connected by pipeline with caustic wash tower (5), caustic wash tower (5) is connected by pipeline with gas-liquid separator (6), and gas-liquid separator (6) is connected by pipeline with chimney (7);
On the pipeline being connected with quench tower heat exchanger (8) at quench tower (1), be provided with quench tower circulating pump (12); On the pipeline being connected with first stage tower heat exchanger (9) at one-level pneumatic absorbing tower (2), be provided with first stage tower circulating pump (14); On the pipeline being connected with secondary tower heat exchanger (10) at secondary pneumatic absorbing tower (3), be provided with secondary tower circulating pump (15); Quench tower (1) is also connected respectively acid solution storage tank (19) with one-level pneumatic absorbing tower (2); Acid solution storage tank (19) connects press filteration system by acid solution rear pump (13); Caustic wash tower (5) also connects alkali liquid tank (11).
2. a kind of flue gas according to claim 1 is processed sour absorption system, it is characterized in that, described quench tower (1) top cooling section is graphite section, and hypomere is the sour tank of carbon steel line with rubber.
3. a kind of flue gas according to claim 1 is processed sour absorption system, it is characterized in that, described one-level pneumatic absorbing tower (2) is provided with that three layers of spray, secondary pneumatic absorbing tower (3) are provided with two layers of spray, three grades of pneumatic absorbing towers (4) are provided with two layers of spray.
4. a kind of flue gas according to claim 1 is processed sour absorption system, it is characterized in that, on the circulated sprinkling pipeline of three grades of pneumatic absorbing towers (4), be provided with three grades of tower circulating pumps (16), on the spray pipeline being connected with caustic wash tower (5) in alkali liquid tank (11) outlet, be provided with alkali cleaning circulating pump (17).
5. flue gas is processed a sour absorption process, it is characterized in that, the method comprises the steps:
(a) flue gas after aluminium chloride roasting system is processed enters quench tower (1), in quench tower (1), flue gas directly contact with the circulation watery hydrochloric acid following current of atomisation conduct heat, mass transport process; Gained acid solution is sent into quench tower heat exchanger (8) and recirculated cooling water contact heat-exchanging by quench tower circulating pump (12), from quench tower (1) acid liquor temperature out, be 60～80 ℃, after quench tower heat exchanger (8) cools to approximately 50 ℃, send back to quench tower (1);
(b) flue gas after quench tower (1) cooling enters one-level pneumatic absorbing tower (2), and in one-level pneumatic absorbing tower (2), cigarette G&W fully contacts, and water absorbs the HCl in flue gas, forms dilute hydrochloric acid solution; Dilute hydrochloric acid solution is stored in tower bottom, then sends into first stage tower heat exchanger (9) by first stage tower circulating pump (14), is reduced to 30 ℃ sprays into one-level pneumatic absorbing tower (2) and recycle with temperature after chilled water heat exchange; When reaching 25～31%, concentration passes out to acid solution storage tank (19); After one-level pneumatic absorbing tower (2), flue-gas temperature is reduced to approximately 40 ℃ and enters into secondary pneumatic absorbing tower (3);
(c) in secondary pneumatic absorbing tower (3), flue gas absorbs watery hydrochloric acid with circulation and goes in the same direction, and now, the HCl gas dissolution in flue gas is in pickle, and water vapour is condensed into water; Pickle is sent back in tower in secondary tower heat exchanger (10) Yu after chilled water heat exchange via secondary circulating pump (15); By secondary pneumatic absorbing tower (3) bottom hydrochloric acid out, a part is transmitted back to one-level pneumatic absorbing tower (2), in one-level pneumatic absorbing tower (2), circulation absorbs enrichment, and all the other major parts are by sour pumped back secondary pneumatic absorbing tower (3), as the absorption liquid of secondary pneumatic absorbing tower (3);
(d) from secondary pneumatic absorbing tower (3) flue gas out, its HCl content reduces greatly, enters into three grades of pneumatic absorbing towers (4); In three grades of pneumatic absorbing towers (4), flue gas fully contacts with cooling rear acid solution, HCl in flue gas is absorbed, absorption liquid stores up acid section under tower, by three grades of tower circulating pumps (16) part, deliver to secondary pneumatic absorbing tower (3) again and carry out enrichment, another part is transmitted back to three grades of pneumatic absorbing towers (4) circulation;
(e) flue gas after three grades of absorptions enters into caustic wash tower (5), and in caustic wash tower (5), flue gas goes in the same direction with the alkali lye from alkali cleaning circulating pump (17), haptoreaction, and in flue gas, remaining few HCl is neutralized by the NaOH in alkali lye; Liquid self-flowing after neutralization is got back in alkali liquid tank (11);
(f) flue gas after alkali cleaning is undertaken after carbonated drink separation by gas-liquid separator (6), through air-introduced machine (18), sends chimney (7).
6. a kind of flue gas according to claim 5 is processed sour absorption process, it is characterized in that, in quench tower (1), for assurance flue gas, lowers the temperature smoothly, and industry water moisturizing is set, and after chilling, flue-gas temperature is reduced to 60～80 ℃; In quench tower (1), there is a small amount of HCl to be absorbed, after reaching finite concentration, the watery hydrochloric acid circulation of generation enters acid solution storage tank (19).
7. a kind of flue gas according to claim 5 is processed sour absorption process, it is characterized in that, contains the Al that roasting produces in the first product acid that described quench tower (1) and one-level pneumatic absorbing tower (2) produce
2o
3impurity, is sent to after press filteration system press filtration by acid solution rear pump (13), and purer filtrate is sent factory back to and continued to use.
8. a kind of flue gas according to claim 5 is processed sour absorption process, it is characterized in that, described watery hydrochloric acid concentration is below 25%.
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| CN109647058A (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2019-04-19 | 山东江岳科技开发股份有限公司 | A kind of processing equipment of the baking tail gases of Hcl containing high concentration |
| CN110360577A (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2019-10-22 | 江苏鼎新环保科技有限公司 | A kind of processing system of liquid waste incineration containing chlorine |
| CN112823853A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2021-05-21 | 中昊晨光化工研究院有限公司 | Method and device for treating nitrogen oxides in tail gas generated by plasma cracking of organic fluorine |
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Application publication date: 20140430 |