CN103746346A - Protection circuit for multiple lithium batteries - Google Patents

Protection circuit for multiple lithium batteries Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103746346A
CN103746346A CN201310751831.8A CN201310751831A CN103746346A CN 103746346 A CN103746346 A CN 103746346A CN 201310751831 A CN201310751831 A CN 201310751831A CN 103746346 A CN103746346 A CN 103746346A
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circuit
charging
electric discharge
lithium battery
voltage
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CN201310751831.8A
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CN103746346B (en
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王乾
袁周红
季伟源
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Suzhou Sol Zhixing New Energy Technology Co ltd
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JIANGSU SUOER NEW ENERGY TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a protection circuit for multiple lithium batteries. The protection circuit comprises a power supply circuit, a control circuit, a charging and discharging loop, a voltage detection circuit and a balancing circuit, wherein the voltage detection circuit comprises signal detection points for detecting the battery core voltages of the lithium batteries; the signal detection points are connected with the voltage signal input ends of the control circuit in a one-to-one correspondence way; the balancing circuit comprises discharging balancing loops in a number which is matched with the number of the lithium batteries; the discharging balancing loops are connected between the positive and negative electrodes of the lithium batteries in the one-to-one correspondence way; a switching element is arranged on each discharging balancing loop; the switching elements are connected to the balanced output ends of the control circuit in the one-to-one correspondence way. The protection circuit is provided with the voltage detection circuit for detecting the battery core voltages of the lithium batteries, and greater voltage differences among the battery core voltage of the multiple lithium batteries which are connected in series can be detected, and are reduced through the balancing circuit, so that the service life of the batteries can be greatly prolonged.

Description

A kind of protective circuit of multisection lithium battery
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of lithium battery protection circuit, refer to especially a kind of protective circuit of the lithium battery for multi-section serial.
Background technology
The development of lithium ion battery has a lot of years, but is mainly used in the miniature movable type electronic products such as mobile phone, notebook computer, camera, and these occasions are all single string uses often, and load current is lower, and coefficient of safety is high.Recently, lithium ion battery is light with it, high-energy-density, the feature such as pollution-free, has started to be applied fast on electric bicycle, electric tool and power toy field, and has progressively been applied to hybrid electric vehicle and motor vehicle field.But are still the problem that people pay close attention at present the most in the fail safe of power lithium-ion battery and useful life, so just extremely important to its protection.At present, the protective device on market has two kinds: a kind of is the baffle for mobile phone above-mentioned, camera of single string.Be a baffle for the maximum 6 string left and right for electric tool etc. of many strings, this baffle maximum can only be supported 6 batteries series connection, if need to there be more battery series connection, can only adopt the use that is together in series of a plurality of chips, has greatly increased cost.And this baffle generally all do not have temperature protection and equilibrium function, low precision, fail safe, useful life and flexibility that battery is used all have a huge impact.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: the protective circuit that a kind of multisection lithium battery is provided; this protective circuit has the voltage detecting circuit that lithium battery electric core voltage is detected; can detect between each battery core voltage of lithium battery of multi-section serial and have larger pressure reduction; and reduce this pressure reduction by balancing circuitry, can greatly extend the useful life of battery.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of protective circuit of multisection lithium battery, comprise power supply circuits, control circuit, charging and discharging circuit, this protective circuit also comprises voltage detecting circuit and balancing circuitry, this voltage detecting circuit comprises the point detection signal for detection of the battery core voltage of lithium battery, the voltage signal input of this point detection signal and control circuit connects one to one, described balancing circuitry comprises the electric discharge balanced loop matching with lithium battery joint number, this electric discharge balanced loop in every joint lithium battery just connects one to one, between negative pole, on each electric discharge balanced loop, be provided with switch element, each switch element connects one to one in the balance output end of control circuit.
As a kind of preferred scheme, described charging and discharging circuit comprises charging bus positive pole and charging bus negative pole, electric discharge bus is anodal and the bus negative pole that discharges, described charging bus negative pole and electric discharge bus negative pole are all connected in the output bus negative pole of lithium battery, described electric discharge bus is anodal to be connected with output bus is anodal by electric discharge metal-oxide-semiconductor, the G utmost point of this electric discharge metal-oxide-semiconductor connects the collector electrode of discharge diode, and the base stage of this discharge diode is connected with the electric discharge output of control circuit; The emitter of discharge diode is connected with output bus negative pole; Described charging bus is anodal to be connected with output bus is anodal by charging metal-oxide-semiconductor, the G utmost point of this charging metal-oxide-semiconductor connects the collector electrode of charging triode, this charging base stage of triode and the charging output of control circuit are connected, and the emitter of this charging triode is connected with output bus negative pole.
As a kind of preferred scheme, described protective circuit also comprises the flow measurement resistance being series on inlet highway and the over-current detection circuit that detects this flow measurement resistor current, and this over-current detection circuit is connected with the over-current detection input of control circuit.
As a kind of preferred scheme; described protective circuit also comprises the temperature sensing circuit being connected between power supply circuits and ground wire; this temperature sensing circuit comprises NTC and divider resistance; this NTC fits in the outside of lithium battery, and the test point between this NTC and divider resistance is connected with the warm time variant voltage input of control circuit.
Adopted after technique scheme, effect of the present invention is: because voltage detecting circuit is to the battery core voltage of multisection lithium battery (being the voltage of each joint lithium battery), when each the telecommunications voltage detecting is all greater than the magnitude of voltage of setting, and the voltage difference of any two economize on electricity cores is greater than while setting difference, switch element corresponding to that economize on electricity core that voltage is higher controlled conducting by control circuit, this economize on electricity core is discharged, with the voltage difference that reaches any two economize on electricity cores lower than setting difference, like this, by the mode that the high battery core of voltage is discharged, the voltage fluctuation of core of making respectively to economize on electricity is less, the degree of balance improves, thereby can be filled with more electric weight during to whole lithium cell charging, extended the useful life of lithium battery.
Again because described protective circuit also comprises the flow measurement resistance being series on inlet highway and the over-current detection circuit that detects this flow measurement resistor current, this over-current detection circuit is connected with the over-current detection input of control circuit, if the current value recording is greater than the overcurrent protection value of setting, in the certain rear electric discharge output of guard delay time T 1 output low level, and if the current value recording is greater than the short-circuit protection value of setting, at certain guard delay time T 2(T2 < T1) the same output low level of rear electric discharge output, the same guiding discharge metal-oxide-semiconductor turn-offs, so just reached overcurrent discharge prevention.
Again because described protective circuit also comprises the temperature sensing circuit being connected between power supply circuits and ground wire; this temperature sensing circuit comprises NTC and divider resistance; this NTC fits in the outside of lithium battery; test point between this NTC and divider resistance is connected with the warm time variant voltage input of control circuit; temperature is higher, and the resistance of NTC is less, thereby the voltage detecting is lower; when the temperature protection value that the magnitude of voltage detecting is set in lower than control circuit, the metal-oxide-semiconductor that discharges turn-offs.And when closing the battery core temperature of having no progeny, start to reduce, lower than set temperature recovery value time, the conducting again of electric discharge metal-oxide-semiconductor, makes the use of lithium battery safer like this, extend useful life.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.
Fig. 1 is the power supply circuit of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the control circuit figure of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the LED indicating circuit figure of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is temperature sensing circuit and over-current detection circuit figure;
Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of voltage detecting circuit, balancing circuitry and charging and discharging circuit;
In accompanying drawing: 1. power supply circuits; 2 control circuits; 3.LED indicating circuit; 4. temperature sensing circuit; 5. over-current detection circuit; 6. voltage detecting circuit; 7. charging and discharging circuit; 8. balancing circuitry.
Embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
A protective circuit for multisection lithium battery, comprises that power supply circuits 1, control circuit 2, charging and discharging circuit 7, this protective circuit also comprise voltage detecting circuit 6 and balancing circuitry 8, temperature sensing circuit 4, over-current detection circuit 5 and LED indicating circuit 3.
As shown in Figure 5, this voltage detecting circuit 6 comprises the point detection signal for detection of the battery core voltage of lithium battery, voltage signal input (the VOLT1 of this point detection signal and control circuit 2, VOLT2, VOLT3) connect one to one, described balancing circuitry 8 comprises the electric discharge balanced loop matching with lithium battery joint number, this electric discharge balanced loop in every joint lithium battery just connects one to one, between negative pole, on each electric discharge balanced loop, be provided with switch element, each switch element connects one to one in the balance output end of control circuit 2, this switch element is selected balance metal-oxide-semiconductor, as the Q3 in Fig. 5, Q5, Q10.When any one voltage of battery core CELL1, CELL2, CELL3 being detected and be all greater than the magnitude of voltage (as 3.8V) of a setting, and the voltage difference of any two strings is while being greater than a certain set point (as 50mV), balance metal-oxide-semiconductor conducting corresponding to that economize on electricity core that voltage is higher, the battery core voltage difference that battery core is discharged to reach any two strings is lower than 50mV.By battery core is carried out to balance, can greatly extend the useful life of battery.For example, suppose VOLT1, VOLT2, VOLT3 detect have an economize on electricity to press to be greater than 3.8V and, VOLT2-VOLT1=60mV is greater than 50mV, the voltage that battery core CELL2 is described is so excessive, now, the balance output end CELL2BALANCE corresponding with battery core CELL2 controls balance metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5 conducting, like this, just battery core CELL2 is discharged, thereby the voltage between each battery core of balance, makes it in allowed limits, like this, not only make discharging and recharging rationally of lithium battery, and extend useful life.
As shown in Figure 5, described charging and discharging circuit 7 comprises charging bus positive pole and charging bus negative pole, electric discharge bus is anodal and the bus negative pole that discharges, described charging bus negative pole and electric discharge bus negative pole are all connected in the output bus negative pole of lithium battery, the anodal P+ of described electric discharge bus is connected with output bus is anodal by electric discharge metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2, the G utmost point of this electric discharge metal-oxide-semiconductor connects the collector electrode of discharge diode Q6, and the base stage of this discharge diode Q6 is connected with the electric discharge output DIS of control circuit 2; The emitter of discharge diode Q6 is connected with output bus negative pole P-; The anodal CHG+ of described charging bus is connected with output bus is anodal by charging metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4, the G utmost point of this charging metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 connects the collector electrode of charging triode Q7, the base stage of this charging triode Q7 is connected with the charging output CHG of control circuit 2, and the emitter of this charging triode Q7 is connected with output bus negative pole P-.The voltage that voltage detecting circuit 6 detects is greater than over-charge protective setting voltage, so, the charging output CHG output low level of control circuit 2, charging triode Q7 cut-off, the G pole tension high level of charging metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4, charging metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 turn-offs, and charging stops; When what voltage detecting circuit 6 detected, be less than Cross prevention setting voltage, so, electric discharge output DIS output low level, discharge diode Q6 cut-off, the G pole tension high level of electric discharge metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2, electric discharge metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 turn-offs, and electric discharge stops.And if the voltage collecting is between over-charge protective setting voltage and Cross prevention setting voltage; the output DIS that discharges all exports high level with charging output CHG; respectively by resistance R 17 and R22 and R18 and R23 dividing potential drop; make discharge diode Q6 and charging triode Q7 conducting; then the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 that discharges also distinguishes conducting with charging metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4; whole battery pack can charge normal and discharge, thus the defencive function that overcharges and excessively put that lithium battery is possessed.
As described in Fig. 5 and Fig. 4, protective circuit also comprises the flow measurement resistance R 24 being series on inlet highway and the over-current detection circuit 5 that detects these flow measurement resistance R 24 electric currents, and this over-current detection circuit 5 is connected with the over-current detection input of control circuit 2.Over-current detection circuit 5 can be by carrying out operation amplifier to flowing through the voltage producing in flow measurement resistance R 24; and then convert digital signal to through the A/D convertor circuit in control circuit 2; if the current value recording is greater than the overcurrent protection value of setting; in the certain rear electric discharge output of guard delay time T 1 DIS output low level; and if the current value recording is greater than the short-circuit protection value of setting; at certain guard delay time T 2(T2 < T1) the same output low level of rear electric discharge output DIS, the same guiding discharge metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 turn-offs.
Protective circuit also comprises the temperature sensing circuit 4 being connected between power supply circuits 1 and ground wire as described in Figure 4; this temperature sensing circuit 4 comprises NTC and divider resistance; this NTC fits in the outside of lithium battery, and the test point between this NTC and divider resistance is connected with the warm time variant voltage input of control circuit 2.Temperature is higher, and the resistance of NTC is less, thereby the voltage detecting is lower, and when the temperature protection value of the magnitude of voltage detecting lower than control circuit 22 interior settings, the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 that discharges turn-offs.And when closing the battery core temperature of having no progeny, start to reduce, lower than set temperature recovery value time, electric discharge metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 conducting again.
As shown in Figure 1, power supply circuits 1 drop to whole cell voltage in the voltage range (being 5V) of control circuit 2 normal work herein by resistance R 1 and the step-down chip U1 of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 and series connection with it.
As shown in Figure 2, this control circuit 2 comprises a control chip U3, and power supply circuits 1 reduce the voltage to the 1 pin power supply that connects control chip U3 after 5V.2,3,4 pin of this control chip are set as voltage signal input pin; 7 pin are charging output pin; 8 pin are electric discharge output pin; 19 pin are warm time variant voltage input pin; 18 pin are over-current detection input pin; 16,17 pin are LED light output pin; 12,13,14 pin are balance output pin.
As shown in Figure 3, this LED indicating circuit 3 can show the electric weight of battery in real time, when lithium battery quantity not sufficient (minimum battery core voltage is lower than a certain set point), and the corresponding 16 pin output low levels of control circuit 2, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q9 conducting, when red.And when minimum battery core voltage is during higher than a certain set point, the corresponding 17 pin output low levels of control circuit 2, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q8 conducting, green light.
In sum; this protective circuit has that protection point arranges flexibly, defencive function comprehensively, the number of batteries that can connect is many, precision is high, wide adaptability; not only with overcharging, crossing, put, the basic defencive function such as overcurrent, short circuit but also with balance, temperature protection function; each protection point can arrange flexibly, and can expand to the occasion that multiple batteries series connection is used.

Claims (4)

1. the protective circuit of a multisection lithium battery, comprise power supply circuits, control circuit, charging and discharging circuit, it is characterized in that: this protective circuit also comprises voltage detecting circuit and balancing circuitry, this voltage detecting circuit comprises the point detection signal for detection of the battery core voltage of lithium battery, the voltage signal input of this point detection signal and control circuit connects one to one, described balancing circuitry comprises the electric discharge balanced loop matching with lithium battery joint number, this electric discharge balanced loop in every joint lithium battery just connects one to one, between negative pole, on each electric discharge balanced loop, be provided with switch element, each switch element connects one to one in the balance output end of control circuit.
2. the protective circuit of a kind of multisection lithium battery as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described charging and discharging circuit comprises charging bus positive pole and charging bus negative pole, electric discharge bus is anodal and the bus negative pole that discharges, described charging bus negative pole and electric discharge bus negative pole are all connected in the output bus negative pole of lithium battery, described electric discharge bus is anodal to be connected with output bus is anodal by electric discharge metal-oxide-semiconductor, the G utmost point of this electric discharge metal-oxide-semiconductor connects the collector electrode of discharge diode, and the base stage of this discharge diode is connected with the electric discharge output of control circuit; The emitter of discharge diode is connected with output bus negative pole; Described charging bus is anodal to be connected with output bus is anodal by charging metal-oxide-semiconductor, the G utmost point of this charging metal-oxide-semiconductor connects the collector electrode of charging triode, this charging base stage of triode and the charging output of control circuit are connected, and the emitter of this charging triode is connected with output bus negative pole.
3. the protective circuit of a kind of multisection lithium battery as claimed in claim 2; it is characterized in that: described protective circuit also comprises the flow measurement resistance being series on inlet highway and the over-current detection circuit that detects this flow measurement resistor current, and this over-current detection circuit is connected with the over-current detection input of control circuit.
4. the protective circuit of a kind of multisection lithium battery as claimed in claim 3; it is characterized in that: described protective circuit also comprises the temperature sensing circuit being connected between power supply circuits and ground wire; this temperature sensing circuit comprises NTC and divider resistance; this NTC fits in the outside of lithium battery, and the test point between this NTC and divider resistance is connected with the warm time variant voltage input of control circuit.
CN201310751831.8A 2013-12-31 2013-12-31 A kind of protective circuit of multisection lithium battery Active CN103746346B (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104158155A (en) * 2014-08-08 2014-11-19 广西卓能新能源科技有限公司 Balancing protection circuit for lithium battery
CN106786852A (en) * 2016-11-30 2017-05-31 深圳天珑无线科技有限公司 A kind of charging circuit, battery bag and mobile terminal
CN110350632A (en) * 2019-08-20 2019-10-18 深圳市道通智能航空技术有限公司 A kind of battery balanced self discharge circuit and unmanned plane
CN112952224A (en) * 2019-12-11 2021-06-11 南京德朔实业有限公司 Battery pack and charging balance method and system thereof
WO2022073317A1 (en) * 2020-10-10 2022-04-14 旋智科技(深圳)有限公司 Series battery protection circuit

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090091332A1 (en) * 2007-09-28 2009-04-09 Hitachi, Ltd. Vehicle power supply device
CN203104024U (en) * 2013-01-29 2013-07-31 深圳市京泉华科技股份有限公司 Battery equalization charging device with charging and discharging equalizing function
CN203674698U (en) * 2013-12-31 2014-06-25 江苏索尔新能源科技有限公司 Protective circuit for multiple lithium batteries

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090091332A1 (en) * 2007-09-28 2009-04-09 Hitachi, Ltd. Vehicle power supply device
CN203104024U (en) * 2013-01-29 2013-07-31 深圳市京泉华科技股份有限公司 Battery equalization charging device with charging and discharging equalizing function
CN203674698U (en) * 2013-12-31 2014-06-25 江苏索尔新能源科技有限公司 Protective circuit for multiple lithium batteries

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104158155A (en) * 2014-08-08 2014-11-19 广西卓能新能源科技有限公司 Balancing protection circuit for lithium battery
CN104158155B (en) * 2014-08-08 2017-05-17 广西卓能新能源科技有限公司 Balancing protection circuit for lithium battery
CN106786852A (en) * 2016-11-30 2017-05-31 深圳天珑无线科技有限公司 A kind of charging circuit, battery bag and mobile terminal
CN110350632A (en) * 2019-08-20 2019-10-18 深圳市道通智能航空技术有限公司 A kind of battery balanced self discharge circuit and unmanned plane
CN112952224A (en) * 2019-12-11 2021-06-11 南京德朔实业有限公司 Battery pack and charging balance method and system thereof
WO2022073317A1 (en) * 2020-10-10 2022-04-14 旋智科技(深圳)有限公司 Series battery protection circuit

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