CN103743659B - Sediment concentration and flow fluctuation speed sync measuring system in low concentration muddy water - Google Patents
Sediment concentration and flow fluctuation speed sync measuring system in low concentration muddy water Download PDFInfo
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- CN103743659B CN103743659B CN201310747082.1A CN201310747082A CN103743659B CN 103743659 B CN103743659 B CN 103743659B CN 201310747082 A CN201310747082 A CN 201310747082A CN 103743659 B CN103743659 B CN 103743659B
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- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000002379 ultrasonic velocimetry Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012913 prioritisation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 3
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical compound O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 240000004859 Gamochaeta purpurea Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010219 correlation analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 flow Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses sediment concentration and flow fluctuation speed sync measuring system in a kind of low concentration muddy water, comprise silt sampler and acoustic Doppler velocimetry.In one-shot measurement, silt sampler is adopted to realize the accurate sampling of silt liquor and determine silt mean intensity value; Adopt acoustic Doppler velocimetry to measure flow fluctuation speed simultaneously, and export average signal strength and fluctuating signal intensity; Then according to average signal strength and silt mean intensity value, the functional relation of signal intensity and sediment concentration is set up; Utilize the functional relation and fluctuating signal intensity set up, calculate corresponding sediment concentration value, thus realize the synchro measure of sediment concentration and flow fluctuation speed.The present invention can obtain the synchronizing information of sediment concentration and flow fluctuation speed effectively; In measuring process, the current of point position are interference-free, can realize long-time measurement and the pulsation measurement of concetration of sediment concentration.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sediment concentration and flow fluctuation speed sync measuring system in a kind of low concentration muddy water, belong to flow measurement technical field.
Background technology
In the measurement to flow fluctuation flow velocity, there are many more ripe instruments, as Doppler laser velocimeter, particle image velocimeter, acoustic Doppler velocimetry etc. can obtain desirable fluctuating velocity data.But in muddy water current, due to the impact of suspended sediment, light signal is decayed seriously in current, these instruments carrying out fluid-velocity survey by laser of Doppler laser velocimeter, particle image velocimeter are all difficult to application.Acoustic Doppler velocimetry carries out fluid-velocity survey by ultrasonic signal, and in low concentration muddy water, ultrasonic signal decay is less, and the long-time continuous that can realize flow velocity is measured, and measuring accuracy is also quite high.
In the measurement of sediment concentration, can ensure that the measuring method of enough accuracy remains sampling method at present, but the concentration utilizing sampling method to obtain is only the mean value of sediment concentration, instead of pulsating quantity, and in sampling process, the turbulence structure of current is destroyed, and in addition, utilizes sampling method also cannot realize long continuous coverage.Due to above problem, in synchro measure muddy water current, the sediment concentration of a certain position and flow fluctuation information still lack effective measuring system.This annoyings the research to muddy water water flow problems to a great extent.Such as about the impact that suspended load loses flow energy, there is difference in existing achievement in research always, important reason is to lack the device simultaneously can measuring sediment concentration and flow fluctuation speed, cannot effectively analyze influencing each other between suspended load particle and flow fluctuation speed.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is to provide sediment concentration and flow fluctuation speed sync measuring system in a kind of low concentration muddy water, can when not disturbing current, obtain the synchronizing information of a certain position sediment concentration and flow fluctuation speed in current, also can realize long-time measurement and the pulsation measurement of concetration of sediment concentration.
The present invention is for solving the problems of the technologies described above by the following technical solutions:
Sediment concentration and flow fluctuation speed sync measuring system in a kind of low concentration muddy water, comprise silt sampler and acoustic Doppler velocimetry; In one-shot measurement, described silt sampler is adopted to realize the accurate sampling of silt liquor and determine silt mean intensity value; Adopt described acoustic Doppler velocimetry to measure flow fluctuation speed simultaneously, and export average signal strength and fluctuating signal intensity; Then according to average signal strength and silt mean intensity value, functional relation is set up; Utilize the functional relation and fluctuating signal intensity set up, calculate corresponding sediment concentration value, thus realize the synchro measure of sediment concentration and flow fluctuation speed.
As further prioritization scheme of the present invention, described silt sampler comprises water inlet, the L shape pipe be connected to form by horizontal part and vertical portion, stationary installation, rubber tube and is contained in the by-pass valve control in rubber tube exit; The horizontal part port of described L shape pipe is connected with water inlet, and vertical portion port is connected with rubber tube; The vertical portion of described L shape pipe is fixing also can be moved up and down on the securing means; The vertical portion of described L shape pipe is with scale, described stationary installation is with pointer, the scale of the vertical portion of L shape pipe described in the pointed of described stationary installation, by poor for the height value of the scale value of pointed and silt liquor liquid level distance pointer position, namely obtain the depth value of actual samples position, realize the accurate location of sampling location.
As further prioritization scheme of the present invention, the drainage tube of described L shape pipe to be internal diameter the be stainless steel of 6mm.
As further prioritization scheme of the present invention, the horizontal part length of described L shape pipe is 20cm.
As further prioritization scheme of the present invention, described the design of intake is flat pattern, and the ratio of width to height is 3:1.
The present invention adopts above technical scheme compared with prior art, effectively can obtain the synchronizing information of sediment concentration and flow fluctuation speed, in measuring process, the current of point position are interference-free, can realize long-time measurement and the pulsation measurement of concetration of sediment concentration, the research for muddy water water flow problems provides new suspended load concentration measurement system.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the corresponding relation of different water depth place sediment concentration and signal intensity.
The functional relation of Fig. 3 is the depth of water when being 15cm sediment concentration and signal intensity.
Fig. 4 is the corresponding relation of different water depth place sediment concentration and signal intensity.
The functional relation of Fig. 5 is the depth of water when being 12cm sediment concentration and signal intensity.
Fig. 6 is that sediment concentration affects schematic diagram to acoustic Doppler velocimetry.
Wherein, 1-L shape stainless pipe; 2-stationary installation; 3-acoustic Doppler velocimetry.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail:
As shown in Figure 1, in a kind of low concentration muddy water, sediment concentration and flow fluctuation speed sync measuring system, comprise silt sampler and acoustic Doppler velocimetry 3; Described silt sampler realizes the accurate sampling of silt liquor and determines silt mean intensity value; Described acoustic Doppler velocimetry measures flow fluctuation speed, exports average signal strength and fluctuating signal intensity simultaneously.
Described silt sampler comprises water inlet, L shape stainless pipe 1, stationary installation 2, rubber tube and is contained in the by-pass valve control in rubber tube exit; The horizontal port of described L shape stainless pipe 1 is connected with water inlet, and vertical port is connected with rubber tube; The vertical portion of described L shape stainless pipe 1 is fixed in stationary installation 2 and also can moves up and down;
The vertical portion of described L shape stainless pipe 1 with scale, described stationary installation 2 with pointer, the scale of the vertical portion of L shape stainless pipe 1 described in the pointed of described stationary installation 2.The level altitude value reading scale value and pointer and the silt liquor liquid level pointed to is poor, obtains the depth value of actual samples position, realizes the accurate location of sampling location.
In low concentration muddy water, the scattering strength of the sound wave that described acoustic Doppler velocimetry 3 produces is different, and meets following exponential relationship between the scattering strength of sound wave and sediment concentration:
E＝K
1+K
2lg(S)
In formula, E is the scattering strength of sound wave; K
1relevant with the density of acceleration of gravity, sand grain and particle diameter; K
2for constant; S is sediment concentration.
From above formula, contain sediment concentration information in the sound intensity signal that acoustic Doppler velocimetry 3 exports, therefore, between the signal intensity of acoustic Doppler velocimetry 3 and sediment concentration, there is close correlationship.
Carry out stream velocity fluctuation fluid-velocity survey utilizing acoustic Doppler velocimetry 3 and output signal strength time, can simultaneously by the actual concentrations information of silt sampler determination silt.The sediment concentration utilizing sampling apparatus to determine not is the pulsating quantity of sediment concentration, but the time average of sediment concentration, signal intensity corresponding with it also adopts time average, after average signal strength and average sediment concentration are determined, just the two can be set up correlationship, the definite functional relation of signal intensity and sediment concentration can be obtained:
E＝f(S)
The form of this functional relation and design parameter are unique, when there is larger change in experiment condition, as the depth of water, flow, sand grain characteristic variations comparatively greatly, in order to ensure computational accuracy, this funtcional relationship will calibration again.When experiment condition is stablized, form and the design parameter value of this functional relation are constant, by functional operation, can obtain the computing formula of sediment concentration below:
S＝f
-1(E)
Utilize this formula and fluctuating signal intensity can calculate the value of pulsation sediment concentration, under this flow condition, applied acoustics doppler velocimeter 3 carries out flow fluctuation fluid-velocity survey and output ripple signal intensity, utilizes this functional relation can calculate the concentration fluctuation value of flow velocity point position simultaneously.Like this, the synchro measure of sediment concentration and flow fluctuation speed is just achieved.
Embodiment 1
Research low concentration muddy water problem is everlasting in laboratory sink and is carried out, tank long for 12m, wide be 0.42m, high be 0.7m, the formation depth of water is the constant homogeneous muddy water current that 15cm has steady concentration in the sink.On depth of water direction, the concentration of silt is different, utilizes silt sampler can determine the actual concentrations of different water depth place silt.When acoustic Doppler velocimetry 3 works, the signal intensity on depth of water direction is also different, and sediment concentration and signal intensity are carried out correlation analysis, and the corresponding relation of the two as shown in Figure 2.Determine the functional relation of signal intensity and sediment concentration thus, as shown in Figure 3.
The degree of correlation of sediment concentration and signal intensity reaches 0.997, the silt utilizing the functional relation of signal intensity and sediment concentration can calculate any point in muddy water under this experiment condition is pulsed concentration, so just obtains sediment concentration and flow fluctuation speed in muddy water current simultaneously.
Embodiment 2
Change the flow condition in laboratory sink and silt mean concentration, forming the depth of water is in the sink the constant homogeneous muddy water current that 12cm has steady concentration.Equally, on depth of water direction, the concentration of silt is different, and sediment concentration value can be determined by silt sampler accurately.When acoustic Doppler velocimetry 3 works, the signal intensity on depth of water direction is also different, and the corresponding relation that experimental result shows the two as shown in Figure 4.Rate can make the functional relation of signal intensity and sediment concentration thus, as shown in Figure 5.
The degree of correlation of signal intensity and sediment concentration reaches 0.987, utilize the relational expression of signal intensity and sediment concentration can to calculate under this experiment condition any point sediment concentration in muddy water, so just obtain sediment concentration and flow fluctuation speed in muddy water current simultaneously.
Embodiment 3
When acoustic Doppler velocimetry 3 works in muddy water, sediment concentration can weaken signal intensity to the scattering of acoustic signals, and sediment concentration is too large, and acoustic Doppler velocimetry 3 even can be caused normally cannot to work in muddy water.As shown in Figure 6, demonstrate the silt that particle diameter is respectively 0.089mm, 0.119mm, 0.234mm, 0.425mm, 0.75mm, the working condition of acoustic Doppler velocimetry 3 when concentration is changed from small to big.When testing, the probe of doppler velocimeter is fixed under water, keeps transmitting probe and bed surface apart from constant, increase sediment concentration gradually, observe the distance value that acoustic Doppler velocimetry 3 measures probe and the bed surface obtained.
When silt volume by volume concentration is less than about 0.014, measurement result is stablized, and when sediment concentration is greater than 0.014, measurement result is obviously less than normal, and this shows the normal range of operation having exceeded acoustic Doppler velocimetry 3.Therefore, the sediment concentration utilizing the present invention to measure can not be greater than this numerical value.
The above; be only the embodiment in the present invention; but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto; any people being familiar with this technology is in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention; the conversion or replacement expected can be understood; all should be encompassed in and of the present inventionly comprise within scope, therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claims.
Claims (4)
1. sediment concentration and a flow fluctuation speed sync measuring system in low concentration muddy water, it is characterized in that, this system comprises silt sampler and acoustic Doppler velocimetry; In one-shot measurement, described silt sampler is adopted to realize the accurate sampling of silt liquor and determine silt mean intensity value; Adopt described acoustic Doppler velocimetry to measure flow fluctuation speed simultaneously, and export average signal strength and fluctuating signal intensity; Then according to average signal strength and silt mean intensity value, the functional relation of signal intensity and sediment concentration is set up; Utilize the functional relation and fluctuating signal intensity set up, calculate corresponding sediment concentration value, thus realize the synchro measure of sediment concentration and flow fluctuation speed; Wherein, the silt volume by volume concentration of the muddy water measured by this measuring system is not more than 0.014;
Described silt sampler comprises water inlet, the L shape pipe be connected to form by horizontal part and vertical portion, stationary installation, rubber tube and is contained in the by-pass valve control in rubber tube exit; The horizontal part port of described L shape pipe is connected with water inlet, and vertical portion port is connected with rubber tube; The vertical portion of described L shape pipe is fixing also can be moved up and down on the securing means; The vertical portion of described L shape pipe is with scale, described stationary installation is with pointer, the scale of the vertical portion of L shape pipe described in the pointed of described stationary installation, by poor for the height value of the scale value of pointed and silt liquor liquid level distance pointer position, namely obtain the depth value of actual samples position, realize the accurate location of sampling location.
2. sediment concentration and flow fluctuation speed sync measuring system in a kind of low concentration muddy water according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the drainage tube of described L shape pipe to be internal diameter the be stainless steel of 6mm.
3. sediment concentration and flow fluctuation speed sync measuring system in a kind of low concentration muddy water according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the horizontal part length of described L shape pipe is 20cm.
4. sediment concentration and flow fluctuation speed sync measuring system in a kind of low concentration muddy water according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described the design of intake is flat pattern, and the ratio of width to height is 3:1.
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103969171B (en) * | 2014-05-07 | 2016-02-10 | 清华大学 | Sediment concentration grating original position real-time measurement apparatus and method thereof in a kind of natural river |
| CN104569483A (en) * | 2015-01-16 | 2015-04-29 | 北京瑞科视讯科技有限公司 | Ultrasonic sensor for measuring silt concentration and three-dimensional instant flow rate at the same time |
| CN110375951A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-10-25 | 浙江大学 | The device and method of concentration and velocity profile can be measured in a kind of experiment of turbidity current simultaneously |
| CN113495044B (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2022-05-31 | 西安理工大学 | System and method for detecting concentration of suspended sediment in water flow |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1645097A (en) * | 2005-01-17 | 2005-07-27 | 国家海洋技术中心 | Image instrument for sand suspended in water |
| CN103134942A (en) * | 2013-02-08 | 2013-06-05 | 清华大学 | Synchronous real-time measurement device with sand-containing concentration and muddy water flow velocity vertically distributed |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2011179862A (en) * | 2010-02-26 | 2011-09-15 | Kansai Electric Power Co Inc:The | Calculation method of particle sedimentation velocity |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1645097A (en) * | 2005-01-17 | 2005-07-27 | 国家海洋技术中心 | Image instrument for sand suspended in water |
| CN103134942A (en) * | 2013-02-08 | 2013-06-05 | 清华大学 | Synchronous real-time measurement device with sand-containing concentration and muddy water flow velocity vertically distributed |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| Using turbidity and acoustic backscatter intensity as surrogate measures of suspended sediment concentration in a small subtropical estuary;Chanson H. et al.;《Journal of Environmental Management》;20080930;第88卷(第4期);表1 * |
| 声学多普勒流速仪自动测量和分析***;唐洪武 等;《计算机测量与控制》;20030930;第11卷(第9期);第652页第2栏第2段 * |
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