CN103727960B - A kind of radio altimeter interference signal production method based on DRFM - Google Patents
A kind of radio altimeter interference signal production method based on DRFM Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/882—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for altimeters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/40—Means for monitoring or calibrating
- G01S7/4052—Means for monitoring or calibrating by simulation of echoes
- G01S7/4056—Means for monitoring or calibrating by simulation of echoes specially adapted to FMCW
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/40—Means for monitoring or calibrating
- G01S7/4052—Means for monitoring or calibrating by simulation of echoes
- G01S7/406—Means for monitoring or calibrating by simulation of echoes using internally generated reference signals, e.g. via delay line, via RF or IF signal injection or via integrated reference reflector or transponder
- G01S7/4065—Means for monitoring or calibrating by simulation of echoes using internally generated reference signals, e.g. via delay line, via RF or IF signal injection or via integrated reference reflector or transponder involving a delay line
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of radio altimeter interference signal production method based on DRFM technologies, this method produces the distance deception jamming signal to altimeter using the datacycle storage based on DRFM and read-write delay precision Control Technology；Using the digital noise modulation technique based on DRFM, the RF noise jamming signal to altimeter is produced；Using the datacycle storage based on DRFM and digital convolution filter technology, the generation to altimeter false target jamming profile signal is realized；Using the shift-frequency jamming technology based on DRFM, the generation apart from speed sync interference signal to altimeter is realized.The comprehensive altimeter interference signal produced using the above method, meets the demand of anti-warship guided missle radio altimeter interference free performance test.The technology has been applied to the wireless universal electrical height analogue means that naval aviation engineering college develops, and completes the test to amphitypy radio altimeter, demonstrates the correctness of this method.The radio altimeter interference signal that the present invention is produced, is applicable not only to missile-borne radio altimeter, can also be applied to airborne radio altimeter.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a DRFM-based radio altimeter interference signal generation method, and belongs to the technical field of equipment testing. The method is mainly used for generating interference signals to radio altimeters of various systems and measuring the anti-interference performance of the altimeters.
Background
The research on the anti-interference technology and the interference signal generation technology of the radio altimeter in China starts late. The height signal simulator used for the performance test of the domestic missile-borne altimeter adopts an equivalent cable box scheme, a surface acoustic wave delay line scheme or an optical fiber delay line scheme in sequence, interference information cannot be superposed on the height signal, and the anti-interference performance of the altimeter cannot be measured. Therefore, research on the anti-interference technology of the altimeter urgently needs to solve the problem of simulation generation of the interference signal of the altimeter.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention relates to a method for generating jamming signals of a missile-borne radio altimeter based on a DRFM technology. The method has the basic principle that on the basis of analyzing the signal characteristics of the radio altimeter, the DRFM technology is applied to altimeter interference signal simulation, and various interference patterns to the radio altimeter with different systems such as pulse, continuous wave and the like are generated by utilizing the technical characteristics of the DRFM. Firstly, adopting a DRFM-based cyclic storage and read-write data delay accurate control technology, and generating a distance deception jamming signal for an altimeter by continuously changing the delay time of an output signal relative to an input signal; secondly, modulating noise amplitude modulation or phase modulation factors on a decoding output signal of the DRFM circuit by adopting a digital noise modulation technology based on DRFM and utilizing a signal fine characteristic copying function of the DRFM to generate a radio frequency noise modulation interference signal for the altimeter; thirdly, adopting a data cycle storage technology and a digital convolution filter technology to carry out digital filtering processing on the stored data of the DRFM before decoding recovery so as to generate a multi-false-target interference signal to the altimeter; fourthly, the DRFM-based frequency shift interference technology is adopted, the altitude signal is subjected to frequency shift modulation in a digital orthogonal frequency mixing mode, and a distance-speed synchronous interference signal to the altimeter is generated. By comprehensively adopting the technical measures, various interference patterns to the radio altimeter are generated, and the requirement of performing anti-interference performance tests on the radio altimeter with different systems is met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a time domain waveform and a frequency spectrum diagram of an LFMCW signal
FIG. 2 time-frequency diagram of LFMICW signal
FIG. 3 is a time domain waveform and a frequency spectrum of LFMICW signal
FIG. 4 DRFM-based altimeter interference signal generation block diagram
Fig. 5 deception jamming of chirped continuous waves
FIG. 6FIR filter structure
FIG. 7 false target interference for chirped continuous wave
Figure 8 DRFM-based digital noise modulation implementation method
FIG. 9 radio frequency noise interference for chirp-continuous-wave height table
FIG. 10 illustrates noise phase modulation interference on a chirp height table
Fig. 11 frequency shift modulation implementation method based on DRFM
FIG. 12 frequency-shifted interference for a chirp-continuous-wave height table
Detailed Description
On the basis of analyzing the signal characteristics of the radio altimeter, the invention comprehensively uses the data cycle storage and read-write delay accurate control technology based on the DRFM, the digital noise modulation technology, the digital convolution filter technology and the frequency shift modulation technology based on the digital quadrature mixing, realizes the simulation of interference signals of radio frequency noise, noise phase modulation, distance deception, false targets and the like of the radio altimeter, and meets the requirement of the anti-interference performance test of the radio altimeters of different systems.
The specific content of the invention is as follows:
1. missile-borne radio altimeter signal characteristic analysis
According to different characteristics of the transmitted signals, the radio altimeter is divided into two systems of pulse and continuous wave.
(1) Pulse signal characteristics of altimeter
The radio altimeter of pulse system emits radio pulse signal to irradiate the ground and sea surface, and the flying height of missile is determined by detecting the delay time of the front edge of echo pulse relative to the front edge of emitted pulse.
The most commonly used pseudo-random phase encoded signal is a pseudo-random bi-phase encoded signal, modulated using a {0, pi } bi-phase code, the complex form of the signal being:
the envelope function of the signal is:
for bi-phase codingThe complex envelope of the pseudo-random bi-phase encoded signal is then:
in the formula,encoding a complex envelope of a signal sub-pulse function for a pseudorandom bi-phase; tau is1Is the signal sub-pulse width; n is the number of signal sub-pulses; τ ═ N τ1Is the signal time width.
(2) Frequency modulated continuous wave signal characteristics of altimeter
The radio altimeter of continuous wave system has transmitted signal frequency varying with time, and Linear Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (LFMCW) is adopted, and the signal frequency is changed linearly according to triangular wave or sawtooth wave rule. Taking the symmetric triangular chirp up-swept frequency signal as an example, the complex expression of the signal is:
in the formula, A0Is the signal amplitude; f. of0Is the signal carrier frequency;is the initial phase of the signal; and K is the frequency modulation slope, B is the frequency modulation bandwidth, and T is the effective time width of the sweep frequency zone. Instantaneous frequency of signal is f ═ f0+ Kt; the complex envelope of the signal is:
a (t) obtaining a frequency spectrum by Fourier transform, wherein the frequency spectrum is as follows:
A(f)＝U0e-jπf(f/K-T){[c(v1)+c(v2)]+j[s(v1)+s(v2)]} (6)
wherein c (v) and s (v) are Fresnel integrals,
(7)
(8)
the time domain waveform and spectrum of the chirp altimeter signal is shown in fig. 1.
(3) Frequency modulated quasi-CW signal characterization of altimeter
In order to make the altimeter have the advantages of both continuous wave system and pulse system, linear frequency modulated quasi-continuous wave (LFMICW) signal is used, and gate control pulse is added on the basis of linear frequency modulated continuous wave, and rectangular pulse string P is usedT(t) truncating the chirped continuous wave signal s (t), the LFMICW signal being represented as:
ST(t)＝PT(t)·S(t) (9)
wherein, PT(t) is a function of the rectangular pulse,
in the formula, TPIs a pulse repetition period; t isfIs the pulse width, and the duty cycle η is Tf/TP. The time-frequency diagram of the LFMICW signal is shown in FIG. 2, and the time-domain waveform and frequency spectrum of the signal are shown in FIG. 3.
2. DRFM-based highly spoofed jamming signal generation
The high spoofing interference on the altimeter is similar to the range spoofing interference on the radar. For an altimeter of a linear frequency modulation system, altitude information is detected through a frequency difference between a transmitting signal and a receiving signal, and high deception jamming of the altimeter can be realized by superposing a frequency offset on the altitude signal, and can also be realized by delaying the altitude signal. For altimeters in the pulse regime, only the latter can produce a high level of spoofing interference. In order to give consideration to altimeters of different systems, the invention adopts a method of carrying out delay control on altitude signals to generate altitude deception jamming signals.
An altimeter interference signal generation schematic block diagram based on DRFM is shown in fig. 4, and a core part of the altimeter interference signal generation schematic block diagram is a DRFM circuit. The working principle of the DRFM circuit is as follows: the altimeter transmitted signal is down-converted to a baseband signal, then sampled and quantized by an A/D converter, and the sampled data is stored in a data memory. Under the control of the delay control circuit, after a period of delay time, the data in the data memory is read out, restored to baseband signals through the decoding and restoring circuit, and converted into radio frequency signals through the up-converter for output. If the signal sampling circuit and the decoding recovery circuit adopt the same clock signal, and the clock frequency is not lower than twice of the baseband signal frequency, according to the nyquist sampling theorem, the signal after decoding recovery is the same as the information carried by the input signal, only a delay exists in time, and the value of the delay time represents the magnitude of the analog height. If the delay time of the control signal changes, the change of the height can be simulated, and the effect of performing height deception on the altimeter is achieved. The interference effect on the highly deceptive interfering signals of the chirp level table is shown in fig. 5.
3. DRFM-based decoy signal generation
The altitude spoofing interference signal to the altimeter can be regarded as a false target, and if a plurality of false target interference signals to the altimeter are generated, the false target interference signal can be realized by a digital filtering technology based on DRFM.
The input signal is converted into a digital signal by a DRFM circuit, and a plurality of false target interferences to the altimeter are generated by a digital convolution filter by utilizing a filtering function of digital signal processing. If an FIR filter is used to generate N decoys, then:
n＝0，1，……(11)
wherein N is the number of false targets; m is the time difference between adjacent decoys;if the magnitudes of the decoys are required to be the same, β (i) ≡ 1 for the magnitude ratio between the decoys, the structure of the FIR filter is shown in fig. 6.
The correlation between the plurality of false targets and the transmitted signal of the altimeter can be kept through a convolution filter method, and after the interference signals of the plurality of false targets are subjected to matched filtering and coherent accumulation processing of a radio altimeter receiver, peak echoes with different amplitudes can be generated at different heights, so that the effect of interfering the plurality of false targets of the altimeter is achieved. The false target interference effect on the radio altimeter of chirp continuous wave system is shown in fig. 7.
4. DRFM-based radio frequency noise signal generation
The radio frequency noise is the noise with limited bandwidth obtained by filtering white noise by a filter and amplifying, and the probability distribution of the noise is in accordance with the normal distribution:
wherein the phase positionIs uniformly distributed in (-pi, pi) and is in contact with An(t) are independent of each other; omegajIs carrier frequency, the value is far greater than SJ(t) spectral width; envelope function An(t) obeys rayleigh distribution, i.e.:
and generating a noise interference signal for the altimeter by utilizing the characteristic that the DRFM can reserve the fine characteristics of the radio frequency signal. The altimeter transmitting signal is converted into digital information and accurately stored after down-conversion and analog-to-digital conversion. When output fromThe data memory reads out the stored data and utilizes the digital noise modulation technology to output two paths of orthogonal information S from the DRFM circuitI(n)，SQ(n) as a carrier signal, modulating a digital noise signal on the carrier signal, i.e.:
in the formula,is a phase sequence uniformly distributed in (-pi, pi); a (n) is an envelope sequence that obeys Rayleigh distribution. A schematic block diagram of digital noise modulation based on DRFM is shown in fig. 8.
Two-path signal S 'modulated by digital noise'I(n)，S′QAnd (n) outputting the signal as a radio frequency noise signal of the altimeter after orthogonal modulation, decoding recovery, up-conversion and power synthesis. The modulated interference signal power spectrum is a convolution of the high signal power spectrum and the modulation noise power spectrum. The rf noise signal for the chirp-level system is shown in fig. 9, where (a) is 0dB in the interference-to-signal ratio JSR, and (b) is 10dB in the interference-to-signal ratio JSR.
5. DRFM-based noise phase modulation interference signal generation
The noise phase modulation interference signal is the phase of a signal subjected to noise modulation, and the complex expression of the noise phase modulation interference signal is as follows:
wherein A isJIs the interference signal amplitude; omegajIs carrier frequency βpmIs a phase modulation coefficient; u (t) is a noise signal needing to be modulated, and is a generalized smooth random process with the average value of 0;is [0, 2 π ]]Uniformly distributed and independent from u (t).
If u (t) is variance σnDefining an effective phase shift D- βpmσnThen the power spectrum of the noise phase modulated signal is:
the total power of the noise phase modulated signal is:
noise phase modulation is carried out on the altitude signal by utilizing the coherent copy function of the DRFM, namely, the stored data of the DRFM circuit is multiplied by a noise phase modulation factor, namely:
wherein,u (n) is a noise signal. The noise phase modulation interference signal is realized by a method similar to the noise amplitude modulation interference signal, except that A (n) is taken as a constant andthe height signal is modulated as a modulation signal. Fig. 10 shows phase modulation interference on the chirp height table when the effective phase shift D is 10, (a) the interference-to-signal ratio JSR of the graph is 0dB, and (b) the interference-to-signal ratio JSR of the graph is 10 dB.
6. DRFM-based frequency-shifted interference signal generation
The frequency-shift interference to the altimeter is to change the carrier frequency of the altitude signal by a frequency shift fdMultiplying the original height signal S (t) by a phase shift factor:
for altimeters of a linear frequency modulation continuous wave system, the effect of high deception jamming can be achieved for frequency shift jamming of altitude signals, and for altimeters with a speed measurement function, the effect of speed deception jamming can be achieved.
The DRFM-based frequency shift interference implementation method is to use a digital quadrature mixing technology to implement frequency shift of the altitude signal. If the height signal after DRFM sampling is:
the in-phase component after the orthogonal transformation is:
the transformed orthogonal components are:
will be the same phase component SI(n) and an orthogonal component SQ(n) are multiplied by cos (2 π f) respectivelydn) and sin (2 π f)dn), subtracting the two signals to obtain:
as shown in equation 23, after digital quadrature mixing, the signal S is outputJ(n) has a frequency shift component f greater than the original height signal S (n)dNamely, the frequency shift interference to the altitude signal is realized, and the realization method is shown in fig. 11. The frequency-shifting interference effect on the chirp-continuous-wave height table is shown in fig. 12.
The radio altimeter general height simulator is applied to a radio altimeter general height simulation device developed by naval aviation engineering colleges, is delivered to naval warehouses and ordnance repair factories to be used along with naval maneuvering guarantee equipment and a missile repair line general test system, completes the test of two types of missile radio altimeters, and obtains favorable comment of using units. The unit of application is considered as: the method for generating the altimeter interference signal based on the DRFM, which is designed by the naval aviation engineering institute, meets the requirements of testing the working performance and the anti-interference performance of the missile-borne radio altimeter, and can be directly applied to the anti-interference performance test and the test of the radio altimeter.
The radio altimeter interference signal generated by the invention is not only suitable for the missile-borne radio altimeter, but also can be popularized and applied to an airborne radio altimeter, and has wide popularization and application prospects.
Claims (1)
1. A radio altimeter interference signal generation method based on DRFM technology is characterized in that on the basis of analyzing the radio altimeter signal characteristics, the DRFM technology is applied to altimeter interference signal simulation, and various interference patterns to radio altimeters of different systems are generated by using the technical characteristics of DRFM; in order to enable the altimeter to have the advantages of a continuous wave system and a pulse system, a linear frequency modulation quasi-continuous wave signal is adopted, a wave gate control pulse is added on the basis of a linear frequency modulation continuous wave, and the linear frequency modulation continuous wave signal is cut off by a rectangular pulse string; firstly, a data cycle storage and read-write time delay accurate control technology based on DRFM is adopted, and the delay time of an output interference signal relative to an input signal is changed by changing the data reading and signal recovery time of a storage, so that a distance deception interference signal to an altimeter is generated; secondly, a DRFM-based digital noise modulation technology is adopted, a DRFM signal fine feature copying function is utilized, a sample signal recovered by the DRFM is used as a carrier, and a noise amplitude modulation or phase modulation factor is modulated on the carrier, so that radio frequency noise modulation interference on the altimeter is realized; thirdly, a sampling data cycle storage technology and a digital convolution filter technology are adopted, digital signals stored in the DRFM are subjected to digital filtering processing before decoding recovery, and a plurality of false target interference signals to the altimeter are generated; fourthly, frequency shift modulation is carried out by adopting a frequency shift interference technology based on DRFM and utilizing a digital orthogonal frequency mixing mode, so that distance-speed synchronous interference on the altimeter is realized; by comprehensively adopting the technical measures, the interference signals of various types of the altimeter are generated, and the requirements of the radio altimeter anti-interference performance test of different systems are met.
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| CN105607092B (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2017-10-31 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | GNSS cheating interference localization methods based on TDOA and power measurement values |
| CN106533456B (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2018-09-21 | 北京振兴计量测试研究所 | A kind of two waveband height equivlent simulator |
| CN108627808B (en) * | 2017-03-15 | 2022-01-18 | 武汉玉航科技有限公司 | Method for processing ultra-wideband digital signal of radar jammer |
| CN110954873B (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2022-01-25 | 北京航天微电科技有限公司 | Multi-band radar interference system and method |
| CN112290941B (en) * | 2020-10-11 | 2021-06-08 | 山西天枢空管科技有限公司 | Modulation signal generation method, generator and transmitter for civil aviation navigation equipment |
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