CN103724012A - Microspheres prepared from composition containing zirconium oxide and preparation method of microspheres - Google Patents
Microspheres prepared from composition containing zirconium oxide and preparation method of microspheres Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to composite zirconium oxide microspheres and a preparation method thereof. The microspheres are prepared from yttrium oxide as a stabilizer of a zirconium oxide material. The microspheres comprises a doped system of third components including one or more of alumina, cerium oxide, copper oxide, magnesia, calcium oxide and silica, wherein the content of the yttrium oxide in the zirconium oxide is 0.1-8mol% while the total doping amount of the alumina, the cerium oxide, the copper oxide, the magnesia, the calcium oxide and the silica is 0-30wt%. According to the method, sediment dry gel is molded and further sintered to finish preparation of the composite zirconium oxide ceramic microspheres. The preparation method is simple in production technology, relatively low in cost, and applicable to industrialization. A lot of energy sources are saved for industrialization of the zirconium oxide ceramic microspheres. Meanwhile, the prepared ceramic microspheres disclosed by the invention have the characteristics of large density, durability, stability and the like.
Description
The application number that request the applicant of the present invention submitted on September 29th, 2013 to China national Department of Intellectual Property is CN201310451745.5, the right of priority of the Chinese invention patent application that denomination of invention is " microballoon that a kind of composition that comprises Zirconium oxide is made and preparation method thereof ", the full content of above-mentioned application is incorporated herein by reference.
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of compound zirconia microballoon and preparation method thereof, relate to zirconia composite ceramics wear-resistant medium material technology field.
Background technology
Compared with traditional ball-milling medium, zirconia ceramics ball, because having the advantages such as hardness is high, density is large, wear-resisting, corrosion-resistant, is widely used in the raw-material grinding of industry and the processing such as construction sanitary ceramic, industrial ceramics, electronic ceramics, high-grade refractory materials, special cement, non-metallic minerals and coating, paint.
As the zirconia ceramics ball of grinding medium, its wear resisting property is the most important index of examination zirconia ceramics ball quality.Most of zirconium oxide abrasive Media densities are not very high in the market, and the shock dynamics to material during grinding is inadequate, and it is not fine causing the grinding effect of material, larger from damaging when wear resistance, the poor grinding of toughness.
Therefore improve the density of zirconia ceramics ball, its shock dynamics to material is increased, improve mill efficiency; Strengthen zirconium oxide microballoons plasticity simultaneously, reach strengthen its toughness, can reduce widely zirconia ceramics ball in process of lapping from loss rate.According to related documents, be reported in and in pottery, add micro-cupric oxide and can improve ceramic plasticity.
Existing balling-up technology is normally by after zirconia powder wet ball grinding, and the dry employing again of spraying waits the mode compacting of static pressure, more broken, compression moulding or rolling moulding.
The development > > of the < such as Jia Guangyao, Zhang Weiru < low cost zirconium oxide mill ball discloses a kind of method for making of grinding medium, adopt wet ball grinding, mist projection granulating is prepared ultrafine powder again, then at the pressure of 0.1 ~ 0.16GPa, adopt isostatic pressing, finally by high-temperature calcination, prepare zirconium oxide abrasive ball.
Open the method for making > > employing wet ball grinding that discloses a < < microcrystal wear-resisting zirconia ball with army, mist projection granulating is prepared ultrafine powder again, then adopt rolling forming method, preparation 0.1 ~ 50 mm micro-crystalline ceramic ball.
The total non-vitrified zirconium white of solid transparent and zirconium white-silicon oxide ceramics microsphere as reflector marker phacoid after CN86107671A discloses.This microsphere at least contains a kind of additive metal oxide being selected from aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, yttrium oxide and their mixture.This microsphere is prepared by the colloidal sol-gelling process by making the solution extraction gelling in liquid medium (as hot peanut oil).
TOHKEMY 2001-294483A discloses a kind of containing zirconic Ceramic Balls, preferred, and zirconia ceramics ball is containing 1.1-4mol% calcium (calcium oxide), yttrium (yttrium oxide), cerium (cerium oxide), and magnesium (magnesium oxide).Containing zirconia ceramics, comprise compound ceramic material, comprise aluminum oxide and/or electric conductivity mineral compound, comprise titanium, zirconium, niobium and tungsten etc.
Existing balling-up technology normally makes ball powder by zirconia powder and other component mechanically mixing wet ball grindings, and this way causes material component skewness, and the zirconia ball intensity making is not high, and toughness is not strong, and zirconia powder is subject to market restriction larger.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of compound zirconia microballoon and preparation method thereof, this ball arogel grain initial size is little, size-grade distribution is concentrated and good dispersity, reunion less, feature that sintering activity is high; Can be applicable to flow casting molding, the techniques such as rolling or compression moulding.The invention provides Ceramic Balls and there is the features such as density is large, wear-resisting, stable.The method has that production technique is simple, cost is lower, can be applicable to industrialization.
Realize the technical scheme that above-mentioned purpose is taked:
A kind of compound zirconia microballoon, compositing characteristic can be using yttrium oxide as stablizer, to stablize tetragonal phase zirconium oxide material, comprise aluminum oxide (content 0～20wt%), cerium oxide (content 0～5wt%), cupric oxide (content 0～1wt%), magnesium oxide (content 0～1wt%), calcium oxide (content 0～5wt%), the doping system of one or more the 3rd component compositions among silicon-dioxide (content 0～20wt%), wherein the content of yttrium oxide accounts for 0.1～8mol% of zirconia content, aluminum oxide, cerium oxide, cupric oxide, magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, the doping total amount of nano silicon is 0～30wt%.Preferably adding the 3rd component is cupric oxide, and its content is 0～1wt%, and preferred content is 0.2 ~ 0.8wt%, and preferred content is 0.2 ~ 0.53wt%.
A kind of preparation method of compound zirconia microballoon, step comprises co-precipitation-ball milling, ageing, washing, dry, powder surface modification processing, then adopt and roll or compression moulding, then drying, become to burn, to make particle diameter be 0.1～60mm wear-resisting zirconia Ceramic Balls in polishing.
Measuring method:
(1) adopt respectively EBT, xrd method to the prepared xerogel particle size determination of case study on implementation, according to Scherer formula D=
(
λ=0.154056,
k=0.89), in formula, D is grain diameter,
λfor the wavelength of X ray,
bfor the peak width at half height of diffraction peak,
θfor diffraction angle, can estimate xerogel particle diameter;
(2) adopt the ceramics powder after the prepared middle calcining of transmission electron microscope (TEM) case study on implementation to carry out morphology analysis;
(3) adopt the mensuration pottery sphere fracture apperance after the prepared middle calcining of scanning electron microscope (SEM) case study on implementation to analyze;
(4) adopt abrasion detection method to detect the abrasion situation of case study on implementation abrasion Ceramic Balls.
Tool of the present invention has the following advantages compared with prior art:
1, the zirconia composite ceramics micro-sphere material described in this invention is using stabilized with yttrium oxide tetragonal zircite as matrix, comprise one or more the 3rd components compositions among aluminum oxide, cerium oxide, cupric oxide, magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, silicon-dioxide doping system coordination plasticizing, stablize tetragonal phase zirconium white.Wherein cupric oxide has obviously more superior effect.
2, in the zirconia composite ceramics micro-sphere material described in this invention, each component is that co-precipitation generates, and has avoided each component mechanically mixing of material to cause component to disperse inequality; In calcining in earlier stage, by its high speed Ball milling, mill efficiency is high, has realized component and has been uniformly dispersed for gel.In zirconium hydroxide early stage preparation by the method, gained zirconium hydroxide micelle initial size is little, size-grade distribution concentrates and good dispersity, reunion less, feature that sintering activity is high.
3, this invention is with xerogel straight forming, and a step burnt till the preparation of compound zirconia ceramic microsphere, has avoided secondary high-temperature sintering, for a large amount of energy and manpower consumption have been saved in the industrialization of zirconia ceramics microballoon.
4, in zirconia ceramics ball, add micro-cupric oxide, thereby increased the plasticity of Ceramic Balls, the wear resistance that has improved zirconia ceramics ball is improved; This invention production technique is simple, safety, cost are lower, and not high to equipment requirements.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with figure, the present invention is further illustrated in fact
In Fig. 1 enforcement case 2, xerogel is at 900 ℃ of calcining 2 h, the TEM photo of gained powder;
In Fig. 2 embodiment 5, Ceramic Balls, 1380 ℃ of calcinings, is incubated 2h, the SEM photo of gained sphere fracture.
Embodiment
In order to understand better the present invention, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is explained in detail.
embodiment 1
(1) utilize traditional technology, by commercial zirconia powder, add the 3rd components silica 5wt%, yttrium oxide 0.1mol%;
(2) afterwards, pour into and stir wet ball grinding in mill, until particle diameter D
50be less than 0.6 micron;
(3) add spraying to be dried or oven drying.After dry, moisture is less than 6%;
(4) powder making slowly joins in bowling machine, and the powder that rolls on one side sprays into concentration as 0.1～0.8% compoiste adhering agent solution containing PVA, until make the seed that diameter is 0.1～5mm zirconium white compound ball take spray pattern on one side;
(5) ball kind is joined in bowling machine, the seed that rolls on one side also slowly adds powder, sprays into concentration as 0.5～1.2% compoiste adhering agent solution containing PVA on one side take spray pattern, until make diameter, meets the requirements of as zirconium white compound ball base.Spray into afterwards a small amount of water, continue to roll 1～2 hour;
(6) zirconium white compound ball base is dried and made water ratio be less than 3%;
(7) become to burn operation: in kiln, the speed of 1～2 ℃/min rises to 500 ℃ from normal temperature, is incubated 1 hour, with 3 ℃/min, is warming up to 1200 ℃, is incubated 1 hour, then with 1380 ℃ of 5 ℃/min firing temperatures, soaking time 2 hours, furnace cooling.
(8), by zirconia composite ceramics microballoon, put into that polishing machine adds water and polishing fluid carries out polishing, until Ceramic Balls gloss light.
Nano ceramics ball green compact body prepared by the method is 1380 ℃ of calcinings, and soaking time 2 hours, chooses 0.8 ~ 1mm microballoon, and the density of utilizing Ah a few meter A De drainage to measure sintex is 5.94g/cm
3, theoretical density reaches 97.4%.
embodiment 2
(1) in stirring mill, put in advance a certain amount of zirconia ball well, and prepare Zr
4+concentration is the zirconyl chloride solution of 2mol/L, comprises the 3rd component doping system of aluminum oxide 5wt%, cerium oxide 2wt%, magnesium oxide 1wt%, calcium oxide 5wt%, silicon-dioxide 2wt%, and yttrium oxide 8mol%, heats and stir to make its dissolving;
(2) add afterwards 2.5% the polyoxyethylene glycol with respect to zirconium white quality, and stir;
(3) the most backward solution that this stirs slowly adds solid phase precipitation agent, and precipitation agent is bicarbonate of ammonia and urea, in conjunction with ball grinding stirring 4h;
(4) until Zr
4+ion and Y
3+ion precipitates completely, reacts complete, stops pH value and is controlled at 7～8 left and right;
(5) final prepared colloid is deposited ageing, digestion time 8 hours;
(6) wash afterwards, filter;
(7) filter cake after filtering is mixed with distilled water 1:1 volume ratio, spraying is dried or oven drying.After dry, moisture is less than 6%;
(8) powder making slowly joins in bowling machine, and the powder that rolls on one side sprays into concentration as 0.1～0.8% compoiste adhering agent solution containing PVA, until make the seed that diameter is 0.1～5mm zirconium white compound ball take spray pattern on one side;
(9) ball kind is joined in bowling machine, the seed that rolls on one side also slowly adds powder, sprays into concentration as 0.5～1.2% compoiste adhering agent solution containing PVA on one side take spray pattern, until make diameter, meets the requirements of as zirconium white compound ball base.Spray into afterwards a small amount of water, continue to roll 1～2 hour;
(10) zirconium white compound ball base is dried and made water ratio be less than 3%;
(11) become to burn operation: in kiln, the speed of 1～2 ℃/min rises to 500 ℃ from normal temperature, is incubated 1 hour, with 3 ℃/min, is warming up to 1200 ℃, is incubated 1 hour, then with 1380 ℃ of 5 ℃/min firing temperatures, soaking time 2 hours, furnace cooling.
(12), by zirconia composite ceramics microballoon, put into that polishing machine adds water and polishing fluid carries out polishing, until Ceramic Balls gloss light.
Nano ceramics ball green compact body prepared by the method is 1380 ℃ of calcinings, and soaking time 2 hours, chooses 0.8 ~ 1mm microballoon, and the density of utilizing Ah a few meter A De drainage to measure sintex is 6.01g/cm
3, theoretical density reaches 98.5%.Fig. 1 is that the present embodiment is at 900 ℃ of TEM photos of calcining after 2 hours.
embodiment 3
Adopt the technical process of embodiment 2, difference is that the 3rd component of adding is silica 1 wt%.
Nano ceramics ball green compact body prepared by the method is 1400 ℃ of calcinings, and soaking time 2 hours, chooses 0.8 ~ 1mm microballoon, and the density of utilizing Ah a few meter A De drainage to measure sintex is 6.02g/cm
3, theoretical density reaches 98.6%.
embodiment 4
Adopt the technical process of embodiment 2, difference is that the 3rd component of adding is cupric oxide 0.2wt%.
Nano ceramics ball green compact body prepared by the method is 1380 ℃ of calcinings, and soaking time 2 hours, chooses 0.8 ~ 1mm microballoon, and the density of utilizing Ah a few meter A De drainage to measure sintex is 6.07g/cm
3, theoretical density reaches 99.5%.
embodiment 5
Adopt the technical process of embodiment 2, difference is that the 3rd component of adding is cupric oxide 0.5wt%.
Nano ceramics ball green compact body prepared by the method is 1380 ℃ of calcinings, and soaking time 2 hours, chooses 0.8 ~ 1mm microballoon, and the density of utilizing Ah a few meter A De drainage to measure sintex is 6.08g/cm
3, theoretical density reaches 99.7%.Fig. 2 is that in the present embodiment, Ceramic Balls, 1380 ℃ of calcinings, is incubated 2h, the SEM photo of gained sphere fracture.
embodiment 6
Adopt the technical process of embodiment 2, difference is that the 3rd component of adding is cupric oxide 0.8wt%.
Nano ceramics ball green compact body prepared by the method is 1380 ℃ of calcinings, and soaking time 2 hours, chooses 0.8 ~ 1mm microballoon, and the density of utilizing Ah a few meter A De drainage to measure sintex is 6.05g/cm
3, theoretical density reaches 99.1%.
experimental example 1 density abrasion detected result
Get respectively diameter in above-mentioned case study on implementation and be about the polished porcelain ball sample m1g of 5mm, be placed in the urethane grinding jar of 5L, add 4L tap water, on wear-resisting shock-testing machine, with 100r/min, grind 24h.Take out samples with water and clean, dry, survey dry weight is m
2g, calculates abrasion, and data are in Table 1.
The abrasion calculation formula of porcelain ball is: (m1-m2) × 1000/ (m1 × 24), unit is g/ (kgh).
Table 1 density and abrasion detected result
As can be seen from Table 1, adopted the preparation technology's of the present invention product density of embodiment 2 and 3 higher than the product of traditional technology, and had clear improvement aspect abrasion.And adopted cupric oxide in the performance aspect density and abrasion, to obtain beat all effect as the embodiment 4-6 of the 3rd component.
The present invention is confined to above-mentioned content, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some distortion and improvement, and these all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the microballoon that the composition that comprises Zirconium oxide is made, its feature composition is, using yttrium oxide as stablizer, stablize tetragonal phase zirconium oxide material, comprise aluminum oxide (content 0～20wt%), cerium oxide (content 0～5wt%), cupric oxide (content 0～1wt%), magnesium oxide (content 0～1wt%), calcium oxide (content 0～5wt%), the doping system of one or more the 3rd component compositions among silicon-dioxide (content 0～20wt%), wherein the content of yttrium oxide accounts for 0.1～8mol% of zirconia content, and aluminum oxide, cerium oxide, cupric oxide, magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, the doping total amount of nano silicon is 0～30wt%.
2. according to the microballoon that described in right 1, a kind of composition that comprises Zirconium oxide is made, it is characterized in that, it is cupric oxide that institute adds the 3rd component, and its content is 0～1wt%, and preferred content is 0.2 ~ 0.8wt%, and preferred content is 0.2 ~ 0.53wt%.
3. a preparation method who comprises the microballoon that the composition of Zirconium oxide makes, comprises the steps:
(1) with ZrOCl
28H
2o, Y
2o
3for raw material is made into mixed aqueous solution, add the 3rd component and dispersion agent simultaneously;
(2) in the mixing solutions in step (1), add solid phase precipitation agent, regulate pH value, high speed ball grinding stirring obtains ultra-fine, finely dispersed throw out simultaneously;
(3) by the precipitation from homogeneous solution thing ageing of (2) gained;
(4) by the gel detergent after precipitation, overanxious, spraying is dried or oven drying makes gel dry powder;
(5) step (4) is made to gel powder and roll or compression moulding, make ball kind, dry;
(6) ball kind is put in rolling forming machine, continues rolling moulding, reaches desired size, dry;
(7) become to burn;
(8) to make particle diameter be 0.1～60mm wear-resisting zirconia composite ceramics ball in polishing.
4. the preparation method of the microballoon that a kind of composition that comprises Zirconium oxide is made according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, in step (1), add the 3rd component and comprise one or more components among aluminum oxide (content 0～20wt%), cerium oxide (content 0～5wt%), cupric oxide (content 0～1wt%), magnesium oxide (content 0～1wt%), calcium oxide (content 0～5wt%), silicon-dioxide (content 0～20wt%).
5. the preparation method of the microballoon that a kind of composition that comprises Zirconium oxide is made according to claim 3, is characterized in that, in step (1), add the 3rd component cupric oxide content be 0～1wt%, preferred content is 0.2 ~ 0.53wt%.
6. the preparation method of the microballoon that a kind of composition that comprises Zirconium oxide is made according to claim 3, is characterized in that, in step (1), add the doping total amount of the 3rd group and be generally no more than the 30wt% of total amount of material.
7. the preparation method of the microballoon that a kind of composition that comprises Zirconium oxide is made according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, in step (1), added organic dispersing agent in female salts solution, comprises one or more of polyoxyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid, methylcellulose gum.
8. the preparation method of the microballoon that a kind of composition that comprises Zirconium oxide is made according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, in step (2), add precipitation agent and comprise that one or more powder in bicarbonate of ammonia, volatile salt, urea, sodium hydroxide, sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, salt of wormwood, saleratus mix.
9. the preparation method of the microballoon that a kind of composition that comprises Zirconium oxide is made according to claim 3, is characterized in that, in step (2), precipitation agent is to join in female salts solution in solid phase mode.
10. the preparation method of the microballoon that a kind of composition that comprises Zirconium oxide is made according to claim 3, is characterized in that, in step (2), the preferred bicarbonate of ammonia of precipitation agent, volatile salt, urea, in one or more powder mix.
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