CN103718811A - Method for reducing farmland greenhouse gas emission through scallions and application - Google Patents
Method for reducing farmland greenhouse gas emission through scallions and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN103718811A CN103718811A CN201310750529.0A CN201310750529A CN103718811A CN 103718811 A CN103718811 A CN 103718811A CN 201310750529 A CN201310750529 A CN 201310750529A CN 103718811 A CN103718811 A CN 103718811A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for reducing farmland greenhouse gas emission through scallions and application. The technology is achieved through the steps of when dry farming plants are planted or plant seedlings grow to a certain stage, seeding or transplanting the scallions in a mixed mode, restraining the activity of oxidation microorganisms and nitration and denitrification microorganisms in soil through sterilization ingredients in scallion root exudates and decomposition objects in scallion dead and fallen leaf residual bodies, and restraining soil organic objects, ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen from being converted into farmland greenhouse gas. The aim of reducing emission of the greenhouse gas is achieved, meanwhile, soil-borne diseases can be restrained, and growth of the plants can be promoted.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agrotechnique and field of environment protection, particularly a kind of shallot reduces farmland greenhouse gas discharge method and application.
Background technology
Greenhouse effect (English: Greenhouse effect), claim again " greenhouse effect ", are being commonly called as of atmosphere insulation effect.Atmosphere can make sun shortwave radiation arrive ground, but the long wave caloradiance that earth's surface outwards emits is by Atmospheric Absorption, so just makes earth's surface and lower atmosphere layer increase in temperature, because its effect is similar to the greenhouse of crop culture, therefore named greenhouse effect.Since the industrial revolution, the mankind increase year by year to strong greenhouse gases of heat absorptivity such as the carbonic acid gas entering in atmosphere, and the greenhouse effect of atmosphere also strengthen thereupon, have caused a series of serious problems such as global warming, have caused the concern of various countries, the whole world.
It is generally acknowledged that greenhouse gases have six large classes, carbonic acid gas, methane, nitrous oxide, carbon fluorohydrocarbon, water, ammonia etc., wherein carbonic acid gas, methane, nitrous oxide are main relevant with agricultural and farming activities.Carbonic acid gas (CO
2) be to remain in the products of organic matter after the aerobic or anaerobic oxidation of all kinds of oxidizing microorganisms in soil such as crops straw, spoil and fertilizer in agricultural land soil; Nitrous oxide (N
2o) be that in atmosphere, content is only second to CO
2and CH
4important greenhouse gases, be mainly derived from nitrated, nitrosification and motor vehicle exhaust emission, the lightning etc. of soil nitrogen; N
2o also can strong absorption infrared rays, reduces earth's surface thermal radiation to outer space by atmosphere, thereby causes greenhouse effect, and global environment and climatic variation are had to important impact.N
2o is stable in properties in troposphere, heats potentiality huge, and its greenhouse effect are 290-310 times of same concentration carbonic acid gas; Methane (CH
4) be one of main greenhouse gas, its contribution to global warming accounts for 20%～39% (IPCC, 2007).CH in atmosphere
4content is the 0.72 μ molmol of (1750) from the industrial revolution
-1rise to the 1.77 μ molmol of 2005
-1, raise approximately 2.5 times, and CH
4molecule has very strong infrared absorbance, and it is CO that its unimolecule heats potentiality
2doubly (IPCC, 2007) of 19-25, therefore CH
4be considered to the CO that continues
2one of most important greenhouse gases afterwards, its generation, consumption and emission mechanism remain the hot issue of current research.In soil anaerobic environment, take water plants root exudates and cast as main organic substance and the soil organic matter, under methanogen effect, by anaerobic fermentation, produce CH
4so wetland becomes one of Major Natural approach of greenhouse gases discharge of methane.
Methane mainly occurs in the rice field of waterflooding, in upland soil, main farmland greenhouse gas is carbonic acid gas and nitrous oxide, wherein nitrous oxide is the main source of greenhouse gases nitrous oxide, due to the oxidation or reduction of the excessive nitrogenous fertilizer nitrated microorganism of process of agricultural application and denitrifying microorganism.
Agricultural land soil Technology of Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions is the research of upland soil Technology of Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions particularly, will provide new technology and method for agricultural reduces discharging, for human kind sustainable development provides safeguard.
Summary of the invention
the technical problem solving:the present invention is directed to farmland greenhouse gas emission problem, develop a kind of simple method, provide a kind of shallot to reduce farmland greenhouse gas discharge method and application, this method is when crop seeding, while or delay regular period mixed seeding or transplanting shallot plant, and use a certain amount of Chemical Mixed Fertilizer and fertilizer and make base manure and topdress, when the rain fed crop sowings such as wheat, or transplant Chinese Onion Seeding Field at the beginning of 3 months springs of Second Year, can greatly reduce the discharge of the farmland greenhouse gas during whole wheat growth, wheat growth-promoting, improvement and raising soil productivity, improve crop quality, increase peasant economy benefit.
technical scheme:a kind of shallot reduces farmland greenhouse gas discharge method, step is: a. when rain fed crop is sowed or plant strain growth to certain phase, mixed seeding or transplanting shallot: during autumn sowing, press apart from rain fed crop sowing place 2-10cm mixed seeding onion seeds, shallot spacing in the rows 5-10cm, trench digging is placed into the soil shallow onion seeds, covers 1-3cm soil above, and compacting; Or Second Year is transplanted shallot seedling at the beginning of 3 months springs after rain fed crop emerges, transplant radius distance rain fed crop plant 2-10cm, spacing in the rows 5-10cm; B. when sowing rain fed crop and shallot mixed planting, except normal fertilising, in Second Year shallot in spring, emerge after 25 days, or transplant before Chinese Onion Seeding Field, every mu of Chinese Onion Seeding Field is used to 10 kilograms of Chemical Mixed Fertilizers and double centner fertilizer; After clear and bright, in one week, shallot plant is used to 10 kilograms of Chemical Mixed Fertilizers and 50 kilograms of fertilizers; C. before and after Second Year Ching Ming Festival to 50 kilograms of the N-serve solution of every mu of spraying concentration 0.2%wt-5%wt of soil, after one and a half months, continue to spray 50 kilograms of the N-serve solution of same concentration; D. after rain fed crop and shallot results, the stubble of shallot plant and blade are pulverized, evenly be sprinkled into field, and plough, pour water, make field water saturation, remain a kind of, the shallot plant residue of pulverizing is mixed, decomposition with agricultural land soil, discharge antibacterial substance, then continue plantation second stubble crop.
Before above-mentioned plantation wheat, farmland is flattened, along North and South direction, opens some plantation shallow ridges, ditch depth 2cm; Or the Second Year spring after plantation wheat, in the capable other Chinese Onion Seeding Field of transplanting of wheat.
Described rain fed crop is wheat or rape.
Described Chemical Mixed Fertilizer is that nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio is the Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of 15-15-15.
Described fertilizer is that nitrogen phosphorus potassium total nutrient is not less than 5%wt, and the content of organic matter is not less than 45%wt.
Described shallot reduces the application of farmland greenhouse gas discharge method in the plantations such as wheat, rape.
beneficial effect:the present invention can reduce the discharge of farmland greenhouse gas, promotes plant growth, suppresses soil-borne disease; Its maximum function is to reduce the discharge of farmland greenhouse gas.
The present invention can greatly reduce the particularly discharge of carbonic acid gas, nitrous oxide of farmland greenhouse gas, increases soil fertility, and is conducive to development and the agricultural sustainable development of the ecological agriculture.
The present invention is compared with prior art:
1) the farmland greenhouse gas emission-reduction technology adopting in the present invention, method is easy, technology is simple, workable, with low cost, practical;
2) the farmland greenhouse gas emission-reduction technology that the present invention adopts, can by with the root exudates of the shallot secretion of cereal crops mixed seeding and dry branches and fallen leaves decomposition object in antibacterial substance enter the soil adjacent with shallot, bateriostatics mass-energy wherein suppresses the oxidizing microorganisms in wheat or corn root soil, the activity of nitration denitrification microorganism, thereby inhibition soil organic matter is converted into speed and the quantity of carbonic acid gas, nitrous oxide; In the season of wheat vigorous growth, soil is sprayed to N-serve solution twice, also can suppress the activity of the nitrated microorganism in soil; Meanwhile, after wheat and shallot results, residual shallot complete stool body is pulverized and admixed in field soil, can further suppress the discharge of the farmland greenhouse gas of second stubble crop growing period; Shallot root exudates can also suppress the activity of soil-borne disease pathogenic microorganism in addition, thereby suppresses soil-borne disease of crop, improves soil productivity, promotes plant growth, is conducive to the development of the ecological agriculture.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the variation of Soil Trace Gases during wheat and shallot miscegenation.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with example, the invention will be further described:
embodiment 1:
1. kind plant before wheat, by farmland leveling, gently open some plantation shallow ridges, ditch depth 2cm left and right along North and South direction;
2. in plantation ditch, sow wheat, simple earthing 2cm;
3. apart from wheat 2cm place, sowing onion seeds, distance 0.5cm between onion seeds;
4. every mu of shallot kind ball is used 10 kilograms of Chemical Mixed Fertilizers (nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio 15-15-15 Chemical Mixed Fertilizer) and fertilizer (nitrogen phosphorus potassium total nutrient is not less than 5%wt, and the content of organic matter is not less than 45%wt) double centner;
5. at Second Year clear and bright latter 3 days, every mu, shallot is used to 10 kilograms of Chemical Mixed Fertilizers (nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio 15-15-15 Chemical Mixed Fertilizer), fertilizer double centner (nitrogen phosphorus potassium total nutrient is not less than 5%wt, and the content of organic matter is not less than 45%wt).
Before and after Second Year Ching Ming Festival to 50 kilograms of the N-serve solution of every mu of spraying concentration 0.2%wt of soil, after one and a half months, continue to spray 50 kilograms of the N-serve solution of same concentration.
embodiment 2:
1. kind plant before wheat, by farmland leveling, gently open some plantation shallow ridges, ditch depth 2cm left and right along North and South direction;
2. in plantation ditch, sow wheat, earthing 3cm, treats wheat germination, emerges;
3. when wheat height of seedling 10cm, near wheat seedling is capable, Chinese Onion Seeding Field, Chinese Onion Seeding Field spacing in the rows 4cm transplant in 5cm place;
4. when after Chinese Onion Seeding Field transplant survival 10 days, use 10 kilograms of Chemical Mixed Fertilizers (nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio 15-15-15 Chemical Mixed Fertilizer) and double centner fertilizer (nitrogen phosphorus potassium total nutrient is not less than 5%wt, and the content of organic matter is not less than 45%wt);
5. in Chinese Onion Seeding Field, transplant after 50 days, Chinese Onion Seeding Field is used to 10 kilograms of Chemical Mixed Fertilizers (nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio 15-15-15 Chemical Mixed Fertilizer) and 50 kilograms of fertilizers (nitrogen phosphorus potassium total nutrient is not less than 5%wt, and the content of organic matter is not less than 45%wt).
Before and after Second Year Ching Ming Festival to 50 kilograms of the N-serve solution of every mu of spraying concentration 1%wt of soil, after one and a half months, continue to spray 50 kilograms of the N-serve solution of same concentration.
embodiment 3
1. kind plant before rape, by farmland leveling, gently open some plantation shallow ridges, ditch depth 2cm left and right along North and South direction;
2. in plantation ditch, sow rape, earthing 1cm;
3. apart from rape 6cm, going out to sow onion seeds, the sub-spacing in the rows 6cm of shallot;
4. every mu of onion seeds is used 10 kilograms of Chemical Mixed Fertilizers (nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio 15-15-15 Chemical Mixed Fertilizer) and fertilizer double centner (nitrogen phosphorus potassium total nutrient is not less than 5%wt, and the content of organic matter is not less than 45%wt);
5. at Second Year clear and bright latter 6 days, every mu, shallot is used to 10 kilograms of Chemical Mixed Fertilizers (nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio 15-15-15 Chemical Mixed Fertilizer), 50 kilograms of fertilizers (nitrogen phosphorus potassium total nutrient is not less than 5%wt, and the content of organic matter is not less than 45%wt).
Before and after Second Year Ching Ming Festival to 50 kilograms of the N-serve solution of every mu of spraying concentration 5%wt of soil, after one and a half months, continue to spray 50 kilograms of the N-serve solution of same concentration.
application example of the present invention:
Plantation by the technology of the present invention for wheat and rape.
1, with reference to embodiment 1, in wheat cultivation, mixed planting shallot kind ball, after results, with not adopting the contrast field of this technology to compare, CO2 emission reduces 61%, nitrous oxide emission reduces 49%(Fig. 1);
2, with reference to embodiment 2, after wheat cultivation is emerged, mixed planting shallot seedling, after results, with not adopting the contrast field of this technology to compare, CO2 emission reduces 66%, and nitrous oxide emission reduces 54%, wheat increase yield 3.8%;
3, with reference to embodiment 3, in rape seed, mixed planting shallot kind ball, after results, with not adopting the contrast field of this technology to compare, CO2 emission reduces 62%, and nitrous oxide emission reduces 55%, rape yield increasing 6.3%.
Claims (6)
1. shallot reduces a farmland greenhouse gas discharge method, it is characterized in that step is:
A. when rain fed crop is sowed or plant strain growth to certain phase, mixed seeding or transplant shallot:
During autumn sowing, press apart from rain fed crop sowing place 2-10cm mixed seeding onion seeds, shallot spacing in the rows 5-10cm, trench digging is placed into the soil shallow onion seeds, covers 1-3cm soil above, and compacting; Or Second Year is transplanted shallot seedling at the beginning of 3 months springs after rain fed crop emerges, transplant radius distance rain fed crop plant 2-10cm, spacing in the rows 5-10cm;
B. when sowing rain fed crop and shallot mixed planting, except normal fertilising, in Second Year shallot in spring, emerge after 25 days, or transplant before Chinese Onion Seeding Field, every mu of Chinese Onion Seeding Field is used to 10 kilograms of Chemical Mixed Fertilizers and double centner fertilizer; After clear and bright, in one week, shallot plant is used to 10 kilograms of Chemical Mixed Fertilizers and 50 kilograms of fertilizers;
C. before and after Second Year Ching Ming Festival to 50 kilograms of the N-serve solution of every mu of spraying concentration 0.2%wt-5%wt of soil, after one and a half months, continue to spray 50 kilograms of the N-serve solution of same concentration;
D. after rain fed crop and shallot results, the stubble of shallot plant and blade are pulverized, evenly be sprinkled into field, and plough, pour water, make field water saturation, remain a kind of, the shallot plant residue of pulverizing is mixed, decomposition with agricultural land soil, discharge antibacterial substance, then continue plantation second stubble crop.
2. shallot reduces farmland greenhouse gas discharge method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that planting before wheat, and farmland is flattened, along North and South direction, opens some plantation shallow ridges, ditch depth 2cm; Or the Second Year spring after plantation wheat, in the capable other Chinese Onion Seeding Field of transplanting of wheat.
3. shallot reduces farmland greenhouse gas discharge method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described rain fed crop is wheat or rape.
4. shallot reduces farmland greenhouse gas discharge method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described Chemical Mixed Fertilizer is that nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio is the Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of 15-15-15.
5. shallot reduces farmland greenhouse gas discharge method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described fertilizer is that nitrogen phosphorus potassium total nutrient is not less than 5%wt, and the content of organic matter is not less than 45%wt.
6. described in claim 1, shallot reduces the application of farmland greenhouse gas discharge method on wheat, rapeseed cultivation.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104429545A (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2015-03-25 | 南京信息工程大学 | Method for reducing farmland greenhouse gas emission by onion and garlic mixture and application of said method |
| CN106083533A (en) * | 2016-09-05 | 2016-11-09 | 山东省烟台市农业科学研究院 | A kind of extraction process of the natural materials suppressing root-knot nematode egg hatching |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104429545A (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2015-03-25 | 南京信息工程大学 | Method for reducing farmland greenhouse gas emission by onion and garlic mixture and application of said method |
| CN104429545B (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2016-07-06 | 南京信息工程大学 | A kind of Herba Alii fistulosi Bulbus Allii mixture reduces farmland greenhouse gas discharge method and application thereof |
| CN106083533A (en) * | 2016-09-05 | 2016-11-09 | 山东省烟台市农业科学研究院 | A kind of extraction process of the natural materials suppressing root-knot nematode egg hatching |
| CN106083533B (en) * | 2016-09-05 | 2018-04-10 | 山东省烟台市农业科学研究院 | A kind of extraction process for the natural materials for suppressing root-knot nematode egg hatching |
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