CN103713261A - Induction motor air-gap eccentric fault detection system and detection method - Google Patents
Induction motor air-gap eccentric fault detection system and detection method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an induction motor air-gap eccentric fault detection system and detection method. The detection system is characterized in that magnetic field detection coil arrays are distributed on the same circumference face on the inner side of a stator iron core in the following mode. The distribution mode includes the steps that all magnetic field detection rings are arranged at different axial positions, all magnetic field detection coils in the magnetic field detection rings are arranged at intervals, the numbers of the magnetic field detection coils in the adjacent magnetic field detection rings are the same, and the magnetic field detection coils are located on the same parallel lines of the axis in one-to-one correspondence; leads of the magnetic field detection coils are connected into a junction box of an induction motor; the output end of the junction box is connected into the input end of a lower computer, and the output end of the lower computer is connected into the input end of an upper computer. By analyzing and comparing magnetic field signal characteristics, the air-gap eccentric fault type of the induction motor is accurately judged. With the system and method, axial uniform eccentricity can also be effectively detected, and the minimum air gap can be judged out roughly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of utilizing the stator core tooth portion complicated air-gap eccentric fault kind of field signal diagnosis induction motor and eccentric degree, belong to detection technique field.
Background technology
Electric rotating machine air gap eccentric centre is the inhomogeneous phenomenon of radial air gap length between a kind of stator and rotor, in nearly all motor, all exists more or less.According to inhomogeneous distribution characteristics, air gap eccentric centre can be divided into axially evenly eccentric (static eccentric, dynamically eccentric, mix eccentric) and 2 kinds of fundamental types of axial inhomogeneous bias (tiltedly bias, arc eccentric), as shown in Figure 1.Cause the reason of air gap eccentric centre to have a lot, such as manufacturing and fixing error, bearing wear, shaft bending, nonuniform heating etc.Along with the increase of air gap eccentric centre, can cause judder, noise to increase, bearing accelerated wear test, even stator and rotor such as wipe mutually at the catastrophic failure.Induction motor is widely used, demand is large, and some induction motors are used for driving important machinery, as mining diving pump etc., once disorderly closedown not only can bring larger economic loss, even may cause major accident.Therefore, induction motor being carried out to fault of eccentricity diagnosis is necessary.
For on-line monitoring and the diagnosis problem of induction motor air-gap eccentric fault, Chinese scholars is done a lot of work.Induction motor is to utilize electromagnetic induction effect between stator and rotor, in rotor induced currents to realize the device of energy converting between mechanical.For the distinctive architectural feature of cage-type induction machine, the research of its fault of eccentricity diagnostic techniques has become one and has independently studied a little.Be developed so far, mainly around stator winding current monitoring and stator and rotor vibration monitoring two broad aspect, launch.Basic thought is the distinctive harmonic components of finding in stator winding electric current under eccentric state or casing vibration signal, usings this foundation existing as air gap eccentric centre.Yet, although these methods simple and fast aspect the extraction of signal is difficult to the multiple over-center type of complete identification, particularly axial inhomogeneous eccentricity issues.And similar with the detection signal of other phenomenon of the failure such as rotor broken bar, be sometimes difficult to especially difference.Therefore, how accurately judging all sidedly whether induction motor exists air-gap eccentric fault, fault of eccentricity type and eccentric degree, is the study hotspot of current person skilled, is also a faced difficult problem.
Summary of the invention
For solving the existing weak point of above-mentioned prior art, the invention provides a kind of detection system and detection method of induction motor air-gap eccentric fault, by magnetic field detection coil, detect the stator teeth magnetic field of a plurality of positions, analyze contrast signal feature, to can accurately judging induction motor air-gap eccentric fault type.
The present invention is that technical solution problem adopts following technical scheme:
1, the present invention judges induction motor air gap eccentric centre type by the radial magnetic field signal of a plurality of positions of comparative analysis, can not only detect axially evenly bias, also can effectively detect axial inhomogeneous bias, and can roughly judge minimal air gap position;
2, accurate and effective of the present invention, can make up and take stator current and vibration characteristics and be difficult to detect the deficiency of axial bias as main diagnostic techniques, for safe operation and the fault diagnosis of induction motor provides important reference.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is induction motor air gap eccentric centre type schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is whole detection equipment schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is magnetic field detection coil distribution schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is magnetic field detection coil scheme of installation;
Number in the figure: 1 is induction motor, 2 is slave computer, and 3 is host computer, and 4 is terminal box, and 5 is magnetic field detection coil, and 6 is the lead-in wire of magnetic field detection coil, and 7 is stator core.
Embodiment
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the detection system of the present embodiment induction motor air-gap eccentric fault is the magnetic field detection coil array of arranging on the same periphery of stator core 7 inner sides, being distributed as of each magnetic field detection coil 5 in magnetic field detection coil array: each magnetic field detection ring is set on different axial locations, in magnetic field detection ring, each magnetic field detection coil spacing arranges, between adjacent magnetic field detection ring, magnetic field detection coil quantity equates, and is in correspondingly on the same parallel lines of axis; The terminal box 4 of the described induction motor of lead-in wire 6 access of magnetic field detection coil; The input end of the output terminal access slave computer 2 of terminal box 4, the input end of the output terminal access host computer 3 of slave computer 2; The number of detection ring is n, is provided with m magnetic field detection coil in each detection ring.As required, m is traditionally arranged to be 4-8, n >=3.Take three-phase cage induction machine as example, and by 50Hz three-phase symmetrical ac power supply, it is 3 that m is set to 6, n, and 18 magnetic field detection coils are set altogether.
The motor-field time-domain signal that magnetic field detection coil 5 is located for detection of its position, and be conveyed into slave computer 2 by terminal box 4; Slave computer 2 is for motor-field time-domain signal is converted to motor-field spectrum signal, and motor-field spectrum signal is conveyed into host computer 3; Host computer 3 is for showing motor-field spectrum signal and corresponding position thereof.
As shown in Figure 4, in concrete enforcement, magnetic field detection coil 5 is arranged on the gullet base of stator core 7, and the lead-in wire 6 of magnetic field detection coil is positioned at the bottom land of stator core 7 and is connected into terminal box 4.By cutting out part siliconized plate tooth portion, leave two narrow grooves magnetic field detection coil is embedded at trench bottom.The lead-in wire of magnetic field detection coil is laid along stator slot, from End zone of stator core, stretches out and passes into terminal box.For induction motor, magnetic test coil can be controlled in 10mm left and right along the axial length.If due to the inadequate number of turn that reduces magnetic test coil of magnetic field detection coil installing space, and then cause obtained magnetic field time-domain signal faint, can in slave computer, arrange motor-field time-domain signal is carried out to amplifying signal multiplying arrangement.
The detection method of the present embodiment is to carry out as follows:
Magnetic field detection coil detects the motor-field time-domain signal at its place, position, and be conveyed into slave computer by terminal box, slave computer adopts fast fourier transform algorithm that motor-field time-domain signal is converted to motor-field spectrum signal, and motor-field spectrum signal is conveyed into host computer; Host computer shows motor-field spectrum signal and position thereof;
Motor-field spectrum signal and the position thereof shown according to host computer, judge the type of induction motor air-gap eccentric fault as follows:
If be to take the fundamental voltage amplitude of motor-field spectrum signal of a certain position to reduce gradually as maximal value and to both sides at the fundamental voltage amplitude of the motor-field spectrum signal at same magnetic field detection ring diverse location place, induction motor occurs static eccentric;
If there is f in the motor-field spectrum signal on the magnetic field detection ring in the middle of being positioned at
1± f
rsideband, induction motor occurs dynamically eccentric; F wherein
r=f
1(1-s)/p, f
1for supply frequency, s is revolutional slip, and p is number of pole-pairs;
If be in the fundamental voltage amplitude of the motor-field spectrum signal of the magnetic field detection coil on the same parallel lines of axis and be the fundamental voltage amplitude of the motor-field spectrum signal of the magnetic field detection coil on the magnetic field detection ring in the middle of being positioned at, be maximal value and reduce gradually to both sides, induction motor occurs that arc is eccentric;
If be on the same parallel lines of axis the fundamental voltage amplitude of motor-field spectrum signal of magnetic field detection coil be that the fundamental voltage amplitude that is positioned at the motor-field spectrum signal of magnetic field detection coil on outermost magnetic field detection ring is maximal value and reduces gradually to opposite side, induction motor occurs tiltedly eccentric;
If induction motor occur static eccentric, dynamically eccentric, arc is eccentric and oblique bias in any two or more, induction motor occurs complicated eccentric;
When n is even number, the magnetic field detection ring in the middle of being arranged in refers to any one magnetic field detection ring of (n+1)/2 or (n-1)/2.
Claims (6)
1. the detection system of an induction motor air-gap eccentric fault, it is characterized in that: described detection system is the magnetic field detection coil array of arranging on the same periphery of stator core inner side, being distributed as of each magnetic field detection coil in described magnetic field detection coil array: each magnetic field detection ring is set on different axial locations, in described magnetic field detection ring, each magnetic field detection coil spacing arranges, between adjacent magnetic field detection ring, magnetic field detection coil quantity equates, and is in correspondingly on the same parallel lines of axis; The lead-in wire of magnetic field detection coil accesses the terminal box of described induction motor; The input end of the output terminal access slave computer of described terminal box, the input end of the output terminal access host computer of described slave computer; The number of detection ring is n, is provided with m magnetic field detection coil in each detection ring.
2. the detection system of induction motor air-gap eccentric fault according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described magnetic field detection coil is for detection of the motor-field time-domain signal at its place, position, and is conveyed into slave computer by terminal box;
Described slave computer is used for motor-field time-domain signal to be converted to motor-field spectrum signal, and described motor-field spectrum signal is conveyed into host computer;
Described host computer is for showing described motor-field spectrum signal and corresponding position thereof.
3. the detection system of induction motor air-gap eccentric fault according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described magnetic field detection coil is arranged on the gullet base of described stator core.
4. the detection system of induction motor air-gap eccentric fault according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: m is 4-8, n >=3.
5. the detection system of induction motor air-gap eccentric fault according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: in described slave computer, be provided with described motor-field time-domain signal is carried out to amplifying signal multiplying arrangement.
6. the detection method based on detection system described in claim 1, is characterized in that carrying out as follows:
Described magnetic field detection coil detects the motor-field time-domain signal at its place, position, and be conveyed into slave computer by terminal box, described slave computer adopts fast fourier transform algorithm that motor-field time-domain signal is converted to motor-field spectrum signal, and described motor-field spectrum signal is conveyed into host computer;
Described host computer shows described motor-field spectrum signal and position thereof;
Motor-field spectrum signal and the position thereof shown according to host computer, judge the type of induction motor air-gap eccentric fault as follows:
If be to take the fundamental voltage amplitude of motor-field spectrum signal of a certain position to reduce gradually as maximal value and to both sides at the fundamental voltage amplitude of the motor-field spectrum signal at same magnetic field detection ring diverse location place, described induction motor occurs static eccentric;
If there is f in the motor-field spectrum signal on the magnetic field detection ring in the middle of being positioned at
1± f
rsideband, described induction motor occurs dynamically eccentric; F wherein
r=f
1(1-s)/p, f
1for supply frequency, s is revolutional slip, and p is number of pole-pairs;
If be in the fundamental voltage amplitude of the motor-field spectrum signal of the magnetic field detection coil on the same parallel lines of axis and be the fundamental voltage amplitude of the motor-field spectrum signal of the magnetic field detection coil on the magnetic field detection ring in the middle of being positioned at, be maximal value and reduce gradually to both sides, described induction motor occurs that arc is eccentric;
If be on the same parallel lines of axis the fundamental voltage amplitude of motor-field spectrum signal of magnetic field detection coil be that the fundamental voltage amplitude that is positioned at the motor-field spectrum signal of magnetic field detection coil on outermost magnetic field detection ring is maximal value and reduces gradually to opposite side, described induction motor occurs tiltedly eccentric;
If described induction motor occur static eccentric, dynamically eccentric, arc is eccentric and oblique bias in any two or more, described induction motor occurs complicated eccentric;
When n is even number, described in magnetic field detection ring in the middle of being arranged in refer to any one magnetic field detection ring of (n+1)/2 or (n-1)/2.
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| CN104124844A (en) * | 2014-07-08 | 2014-10-29 | 扬州大学 | Method for eliminating uneven large-sized vertical water power set motor installation air gaps caused by station house inclination |
| CN104614673A (en) * | 2015-02-25 | 2015-05-13 | 刘岩 | Motor air gap eccentric fault diagnosing method based on fuzzy reasoning |
| CN104965175A (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2015-10-07 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Detection method of generator air-gap static-state eccentric fault orientation and fault degree |
| CN105044602A (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2015-11-11 | 合肥工业大学 | Eccentricity detection apparatus for inductor motor and detection method thereof |
| CN105044601A (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2015-11-11 | 合肥工业大学 | Eccentric detection apparatus using leakage magnetic field detection induction motor and detection method thereof |
| CN105353305A (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2016-02-24 | 浙江大学 | Motor rotor eccentricity fault diagnosis method based on completely self-adaptive matrix pencil |
| CN105676127A (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2016-06-15 | 合肥工业大学 | Fault detection method and device for asynchronous motor |
| CN105698740A (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2016-06-22 | 同济大学 | Eccentricity diagnosis method for permanent magnet synchronous machine |
| CN108614212A (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2018-10-02 | 江苏大学 | A kind of wheel hub motor bias and demagnetize fault de couple diagnostic method and device |
| CN109814030A (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2019-05-28 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of diagnostic method of synchronous generator rotor air gap dynamic fault of eccentricity |
| CN110531259A (en) * | 2019-08-12 | 2019-12-03 | 西安交通大学 | Induction machine electric fault diagnosis method based on magnetic leakage signal |
| CN112254956A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2021-01-22 | 重庆邮电大学 | Magnetoelectric integrated plastic micro-transmission system fault detection device and detection method thereof |
| CN112557901A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-03-26 | 重庆邮电大学 | Precise micro-motor detection device and method based on multiphase magnetoelectric induction |
| TWI735253B (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2021-08-01 | 日商日立製作所股份有限公司 | Diagnosis system and method of rotating electric machine |
| CN114460465A (en) * | 2022-04-08 | 2022-05-10 | 华中科技大学 | Method and system for judging eccentric fault of permanent magnet motor |
| CN115235333A (en) * | 2022-09-22 | 2022-10-25 | 徐州方达电机有限公司 | Main shaft dynamic eccentricity testing device based on induced current |
| CN116381489A (en) * | 2023-04-20 | 2023-07-04 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Method for detecting three-dimensional air gap eccentric faults of non-invasive high-capacity generator |
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| CN104614673A (en) * | 2015-02-25 | 2015-05-13 | 刘岩 | Motor air gap eccentric fault diagnosing method based on fuzzy reasoning |
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| CN116381489B (en) * | 2023-04-20 | 2023-11-17 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Method for detecting three-dimensional air gap eccentric faults of non-invasive high-capacity generator |
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