CN103711507B - A kind of many steel strand wires combination supporting device controls the method for big relaxation zone roadway deformation - Google Patents
A kind of many steel strand wires combination supporting device controls the method for big relaxation zone roadway deformation Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000007569 slipcasting Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009790 rate-determining step (RDS) Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of method that many steel strand wires combination supporting device controls big relaxation zone roadway deformation, implement step to include: combined by multiple method and determine that roadway surrounding rock destroys situation, build roadway surrounding rock superficial part carrier ring by " shotcrete note " combined supporting and transfer deep elastic state bearing capacity of the wall rock three step by many steel strand wires combination supporting device；Described many steel strand wires combination supporting device is divided into anchoring section, free segment, seal section and revealed section；The method can realize high supporting intensity and deeper supporting scope simultaneously, is connected as a single entity with deep elastic state country rock by superficial part carrier ring；Still keep original elongation percentage after slip casting after steel strand wires, be adapted to the continuous long non-linear hour deformation of country rock；Utilize this method that big relaxation zone tunnel is carried out country rock intensive control, can realize during such tunnel long stable, reduce tunnel repeatedly maintenance project amount, there is wide applicability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to big relaxation zone roadway surrounding rock non-linear, continue large deformation control technology, especially control big relaxation zone roadway surrounding rock continuous, long time, nonlinear deformation a kind of many steel strand wires combination supporting device control big relaxation zone roadway deformation method.
Background technology
Downward along with coal mining depth, equality strength, superficial part show as the rock mass of hard rock and show the character of soft rock under high level stress of primary rock effect, after repeatedly dynamic pressure affects, many developings, preparatory working develop into big relaxation zone (locally exceeding 5m) tunnel one after another, when surrouding rock deformation has continuous, long, non-linear behavior, repeatedly repair when still can not keep long stable.Modern rock mechanics and support theory emphasize by country rock with reinforce therein or EXS supporting construction interacts and forms unified carrying structure, give full play to the bearing capacity of country rock to control and to allow the finite deformation of country rock.Control for big relaxation zone roadway surrounding rock, tradition passive protecting the most no longer adapts to big relaxation zone roadway deformation feature, existing active support technology and means on support idea with supporting intensity and all shows obvious deficiency in terms of transferring its deep elastic state bearing capacity of the wall rock and adapting to strong dynamic pressure impact and the continuous long non-linear hour deformation of country rock: superficial part breaking surrounding rock can only be formed by body of rod length limitation and reinforce by suspension roof support；Monomer anchor cable, grouting cable anchor are limited by length and intensity, transfer the limitation of deep elastic state bearing capacity of the wall rock, and adapt to deep strong dynamic pressure impact and the continuous long non-linear hour deformability of country rock is poor；Though grouting and reinforcing can strengthen country rock performance, but under reasonable grouting pressure, serosity diffusion is difficult to touch elastic region, country rock deep, and concretion body strength depends on being noted medium bulk strength and destructiveness, and under the influence of dynamic pressure, easy generation ruptures again.In sum, what existing support technology failed effectively to control deep big relaxation zone roadway surrounding rock continuous long non-linear hour deformation is that constructed country rock carrying structure is incompatible with surrouding rock deformation feature at all, and the safety in such tunnel drastically influence the safety and high efficiency of deep coal.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the deficiency of tradition passive protecting and existing active support technology, adaptability for big relaxation zone roadway surrounding rock carrying structure with surrouding rock deformation Evolution, the present invention provides a kind of method that many steel strand wires combination supporting device controls big relaxation zone roadway deformation, and the method builds, by shotcrete note combined supporting, the Radial resistant force that country rock superficial part carrier ring provides higher to deep wall rock deformation；Superficial part carrier ring, by from the advantage in length and intensity, is connected as a single entity with deep elastic state country rock, has preferably transferred deep elastic state bearing capacity of the wall rock by many steel strand wires combination supporting device；In many steel strand wires combination supporting device free segment, serosity ensure that with the isolation of steel strand wires " anchor note is integrated " steel strand wires afterwards still keep original elongation percentage, it is possible to the continuous long non-linear hour deformation of suitable for surrounding rock.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of many steel strand wires combination supporting device controls the method for big relaxation zone roadway deformation, and its rate-determining steps is as follows:
Step one, determines that roadway surrounding rock destroys situation, stands repeatedly dynamic pressure impact until tunnel and gross distortion occurs and after tending towards stability, and is spied on by boring, the method for ultrasonic tesint is combined and determined Exploring Loose Rock Country in Tunnels maximum radius R1With plastic zone maximum radius R2；
Step 2, build roadway surrounding rock superficial part carrier ring, expand brush tunnel to design size, anchor pole, wire netting, steel band, grouted anchor bar is used to carry out " anchor guipure " combined supporting, gunite concrete A closes country rock, injects serosity B to grouted anchor bar the most successively country rock is carried out Shallow hole grouting after concrete pulp layer maintenance 7d by the footing of tunnel；
Step 3, transfer deep elastic state bearing capacity of the wall rock, utilize rig C construction drill, many steel strand wires combination supporting device is installed, connect Grouting Pipe injection serosity B many steel strand wires combination supporting device is anchored, country rock is carried out deep hole grouting, synchronous tension lock many steel strand wires after serosity B stabilization by consolidation simultaneously.
Described relaxation zone maximum radius R1Relational expression " R is met with equivalence excavation radius R1-R >=2000mm " time, utilize said method to control deformation of the surrounding rock in tunnel relatively reasonable, otherwise easily cause roadway support intensity superfluous；
Described anchor pole is that the left-handed nothing of high intensity indulges muscle high-strength deformed steel bar anchor pole, diameter of phi1=20 ~ 25mm, length L1=2400 ~ 3000mm, spacing m1=800 ~ 1000mm, array pitch n1=800 ~ 1000mm, pre-fastening moment M >=300N m；Described wire netting (2) is formed by the reinforcement welding of a diameter of 6mm, and grid specification is 100 × 100mm；Described steel band model is GRT-M4；Described grouted anchor bar is ordinary hollow grouted anchor bar, diameter of phi2=20 ~ 25mm, length L2=2400 ~ 3000mm, spacing m2=m1, array pitch n2=2n1, it is arranged in the middle of two row's anchor poles, grouting pressure P1≤1.5MPa；
The proportioning of described Concrete is cement: yellow sand: stone=1:2:2；Described serosity B uses chemical grout when country rock is mud stone, uses 525 under generic condition#Quick hardening sulphoaluminate cement serosity, the ratio of mud is 0.85 ~ 1.0；Described concrete grout layer thickness H=100mm；
Described many steel strand wires combination supporting device is divided into anchoring section, free segment, seal section and revealed section；This suspension device includes steel strand wires, garter spring, steel strand wires sleeve pipe, round table-like sealing of hole gum cover, porous lockset, supporting plate, auricle formula seal rubber sleeve, Grouting Pipe, described steel strand wires be provided centrally with Grouting Pipe, steel strand wires periphery is provided with garter spring, is positioned at the steel strand wires periphery of suspension device free segment and coincide and be set with steel strand wires sleeve pipe, makes steel strand wires and serosity isolate；Be positioned at suspension device seal section steel strand wires periphery coincide be set with auricle formula seal rubber sleeve and round table-like sealing of hole gum cover, the steel strand wires of revealed section are fastened on by porous lockset on the supporting plate being provided with setscrew hole；
Length L of described many steel strand wires combination supporting device and plastic zone maximum radius R2Relational expression " 3000mm >=L-R should be met2>=2000mm ", spacing m3=2000mm, array pitch n3=2n1, it is arranged in the middle of the two high-strength prestressed anchor poles of row, grouting pressure P2≤2MPa；Described rig C is ZL-500 coal roadway drilling machine；Described boring hole depth L0Relational expression " L should be met with length L of many steel strand wires combination supporting device0≈ L-200mm ", aperture R0Radial dimension and bit model by many steel strand wires combination supporting device together decide on.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: build, by shotcrete note combined supporting, the Radial resistant force that country rock superficial part carrier ring provides higher to deep wall rock deformation；Superficial part carrier ring, by from the advantage in length and intensity, is connected as a single entity with deep elastic state country rock, has preferably transferred deep elastic state bearing capacity of the wall rock by many steel strand wires combination supporting device；In many steel strand wires combination supporting device free segment, serosity ensure that with the isolation of steel strand wires " anchor note is integrated " steel strand wires afterwards still keep original elongation percentage, it is possible to the continuous long non-linear hour deformation of suitable for surrounding rock.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that big relaxation zone roadway surrounding rock destroys situation schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is big relaxation zone tunnel " country rock-supporting " structural representation.
Fig. 3 is the country rock surface tiling schematic diagram that tunnel shown in Fig. 2 " country rock-supporting " structure is as the criterion with top board center line.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the device of many steel strand wires combination supporting shown in Fig. 26.
In figure: 1. anchor pole, 2. wire netting, 3. steel band, 4. grouted anchor bar, 5. concrete pulp layer, 6. more than steel strand wires combination supporting device, 6-1. steel strand wires, 6-2. garter spring, 6-3. steel strand wires sleeve pipe, 6-4. round table-like sealing of hole gum cover, 6-5. porous lockset, 6-6. supporting plate, 6-7. auricle formula seal rubber sleeve, 6-8. Grouting Pipe, 7. boring.
Detailed description of the invention
In the drawings, a kind of many steel strand wires combination supporting device controls the method for big relaxation zone roadway deformation, implements step and includes: is combined by multiple method and determines that roadway surrounding rock destroys situation；Roadway surrounding rock superficial part carrier ring is built by " shotcrete note " combined supporting；Deep elastic state bearing capacity of the wall rock is transferred by many steel strand wires combination supporting device；It is embodied as step as follows:
The most in FIG, determine that roadway surrounding rock destroys situation
Stand repeatedly dynamic pressure impact until tunnel and gross distortion occurs and after tending towards stability, spied on by boring comprehensively, the method for ultrasonic tesint is combined and determined Exploring Loose Rock Country in Tunnels maximum radius R1With plastic zone maximum radius R2 ；
2., in Fig. 2, Fig. 3, build roadway surrounding rock superficial part carrier ring
2.1. the detail parameters of superficial part country rock " shotcrete note " combined supporting is determined；Destroy situation according to roadway surrounding rock and anchor pole 1, the length of grouted anchor bar 4, diameter and an array pitch are made rationally selection；Length L of anchor pole 11=2400 ~ 3000mm should be more than numerical value " R as far as possible1-R ", diameter of phi1=20 ~ 25mm increases, spacing m with the increasing of rock crusher degree1=800 ~ 1000mm and array pitch n1=800 ~ 1000mm reduces with the increasing of rock crusher degree；Length L of grouted anchor bar 42≈L1, diameter of phi2=20 ~ 25mm increases with the increasing of rock crusher degree；
Drift section expansion is brushed to design size by 2.2, carries out bolt net bar supporting construction according to design parameter, and wire netting 2 is formed by the reinforcement welding of a diameter of 6mm, and grid specification is 100 × 100mm；Steel band 3 model is GRT-M4；The delayed anchor pole of grouted anchor bar 41 is constructed, the pre-fastening moment M >=300N m of anchor pole 1；,
2.3 gunite concrete A enclosing tunnel country rocks, the proportioning of Concrete is cement: yellow sand: stone=1:2:2, the thickness H=100mm of concrete pulp layer 5；
After 2.4 pairs of concrete pulp layer 5 carry out watering maintenance 7d, by the footing of tunnel, inject serosity B to grouted anchor bar 4 the most successively country rock is carried out Shallow hole grouting, treat grouting pressure P1Slip casting is stopped after reaching 1.5MPa；Wherein, serosity B uses chemical grout when roadway surrounding rock is mud stone, uses 525 under generic condition#Quick hardening sulphoaluminate cement serosity, the ratio of mud is 0.85 ~ 1.0.
3., in Fig. 2, Fig. 4, transfer deep elastic state bearing capacity of the wall rock
3.1 determine the steel strand wires radical of many steel strand wires combination supporting device 6, length L, degree of depth L of boring 7 according to surrounding rock failure situation0With aperture R0；Steel strand wires radical (3 ~ 5) bears the size of load according to country rock superficial part carrier ring and determines, how need to be loaded more than country rock superficial part carrier ring institute with the combined strength of steel strand wires；Length L and plastic zone maximum radius R2Meet relational expression " 3000mm >=L-R2≥2000mm”；Degree of depth L of boring 70≈ L-200mm, aperture R0Together decided on by the radial dimension of many steel strand wires combination supporting device 6 and the bit model of rig C；
3.2 construction drills 7 also install many steel strand wires combination supporting device 6；Use rig C (ZL-500 coal roadway drilling machine) construction drill 7；Rely on manpower progressively many steel strand wires combination supporting device 6 is pushed at the bottom of hole, and by auricle formula seal rubber sleeve 6-7 and round table-like sealing of hole gum cover 6-4 (the two size all with aperture R0Match, and it is respectively provided with preferable elasticity) clamp-on in hole, make large end face and the country rock flush of round table-like sealing of hole gum cover 6-4, rapidly supporting plate 6-6 is close to country rock through the exposed junction of steel strand wires 6-1, by the setscrew hole on supporting plate 6-6, setscrew is installed and fixes supporting plate 6-6, and then fixing a whole set of many steel strand wires combination supporting device 6；
Grouting Pipe 6-8 is connected grouting pipeline injection serosity B by 3.3 to be anchored many steel strand wires combination supporting device 6, country rock is carried out deep hole grouting simultaneously, treats grouting pressure P2Slip casting is stopped after reaching 2MPa；
3.4 stretch-draw and locking, after serosity B stabilization by consolidation, utilize anchorage cable stretching equipment, porous lockset 6-5 synchronous tension and lock many steel strand wires 6-1.
Claims (8)
1. the method that the device of steel strand wires combination supporting more than a kind controls big relaxation zone roadway deformation, it is characterised in that:
Step one, determine that roadway surrounding rock destroys situation, stand repeatedly dynamic pressure impact until tunnel and gross distortion occurs and after tending towards stability, spied on by boring, the method for ultrasonic tesint is combined and determined Exploring Loose Rock Country in Tunnels maximum radius R1With plastic zone maximum radius R2；
Step 2, structure roadway surrounding rock superficial part carrier ring, expand brush tunnel to design size, anchor pole (1), wire netting (2), steel band (3), grouted anchor bar (4) is used to carry out " anchor guipure " combined supporting, gunite concrete A closes country rock, injects serosity B to grouted anchor bar (4) the most successively country rock is carried out Shallow hole grouting after concrete pulp layer (5) maintenance 7d by the footing of tunnel；
Step 3, transfer deep elastic state bearing capacity of the wall rock, utilize rig C construction drill (7), many steel strand wires combination supporting device (6) are installed, connect Grouting Pipe (6-8) injection serosity B many steel strand wires combination supporting device (6) are anchored, country rock is carried out deep hole grouting, synchronous tension lock many steel strand wires (6-1) after serosity B stabilization by consolidation simultaneously.
A kind of many steel strand wires combination supporting device the most according to claim 1 controls the method for big relaxation zone roadway deformation, it is characterised in that: described relaxation zone maximum radius R1Relational expression " R is met with equivalence excavation radius R1-R >=2000mm " time, utilize the method described in claim 1 to control deformation of the surrounding rock in tunnel relatively reasonable, otherwise easily cause roadway support intensity superfluous.
A kind of many steel strand wires combination supporting device the most according to claim 1 controls the method for big relaxation zone roadway deformation, it is characterised in that: described anchor pole (1) is that the left-handed nothing of high intensity indulges muscle high-strength deformed steel bar anchor pole, diameter of phi1=20 ~ 25mm, length L1=2400 ~ 3000mm, spacing m1=800 ~ 1000mm, array pitch n1=800 ~ 1000mm, pre-fastening moment M >=300N m；Described wire netting (2) is formed by the reinforcement welding of a diameter of 6mm, and grid specification is 100 × 100mm；Described steel band (3) model is GRT-M4；Described grouted anchor bar (4) is ordinary hollow grouted anchor bar, diameter of phi2=20 ~ 25mm, length L2=2400 ~ 3000mm, spacing m2=m1, array pitch n2=2n1, it is arranged in the middle of two row's anchor poles (1), grouting pressure P1≤1.5MPa。
A kind of many steel strand wires combination supporting device the most according to claim 1 controls the method for big relaxation zone roadway deformation, it is characterised in that: the proportioning of described Concrete is cement: yellow sand: stone=1:2:2；Described serosity B uses chemical grout when country rock is mud stone, uses 525 under generic condition#Quick hardening sulphoaluminate cement serosity, the ratio of mud is 0.85 ~ 1.0；Described concrete pulp layer (5) thickness H=100mm.
A kind of many steel strand wires combination supporting device the most according to claim 1 controls the method for big relaxation zone roadway deformation, it is characterised in that: described many steel strand wires combination supporting device (6) are divided into anchoring section, free segment, seal section and revealed section；This suspension device includes steel strand wires (6-1), garter spring (6-2), steel strand wires sleeve pipe (6-3), round table-like sealing of hole gum cover (6-4), porous lockset (6-5), supporting plate (6-6), auricle formula seal rubber sleeve (6-7), Grouting Pipe (6-8), described steel strand wires (6-1) be provided centrally with Grouting Pipe (6-8), steel strand wires (6-1) periphery is provided with garter spring (6-2), and peripheral the coincideing of steel strand wires (6-1) being positioned at suspension device free segment is set with steel strand wires sleeve pipe (6-3)；Peripheral the coincideing of steel strand wires (6-1) being positioned at suspension device seal section is set with auricle formula seal rubber sleeve (6-7) and round table-like sealing of hole gum cover (6-4), and the steel strand wires (6-1) of revealed section are fastened on (6-6) on the supporting plate being provided with setscrew hole by porous lockset (6-5).
A kind of many steel strand wires combination supporting device the most according to claim 1 controls the method for big relaxation zone roadway deformation, it is characterised in that: length L of described many steel strand wires combination supporting device (6) and plastic zone maximum radius R2Relational expression " 3000mm >=L-R should be met2>=2000mm ", spacing m3=2000mm, array pitch n3=2n1, wherein n1For anchor pole array pitch, i.e. n1=800 ~ 1000mm is arranged in the middle of the high-strength prestressed anchor pole of two row (1), grouting pressure P2≤2MPa。
A kind of many steel strand wires combination supporting device the most according to claim 1 controls the method for big relaxation zone roadway deformation, it is characterised in that: described rig C is ZL-500 coal roadway drilling machine.
A kind of many steel strand wires combination supporting device the most according to claim 1 controls the method for big relaxation zone roadway deformation, it is characterised in that: hole depth L of described boring (7)0Relational expression " L-L should be met with length L of many steel strand wires combination supporting device (6)0≈ 200mm ", aperture R0Radial dimension and bit model by many steel strand wires combination supporting device (6) together decide on.
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| CN105134249B (en) * | 2015-10-09 | 2017-10-13 | 重庆工程职业技术学院 | The big gradual method for protecting support in relaxation zone tunnel of mine |
| CN107133381B (en) * | 2017-04-01 | 2020-11-06 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for determining length of anchor rod for roadway support |
| CN107420122A (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2017-12-01 | 湖北宜化江家墩矿业有限公司 | A kind of two way alternate formula grouting water technology for being used to administer roadway aproll |
| CN108509746A (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2018-09-07 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | A kind of Exploring Loose Rock Country in Tunnels method of determining range |
| CN109736850B (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2023-08-22 | 河南理工大学 | Roadway shell and arch combined strong bearing structure and construction method thereof |
| CN110566226A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2019-12-13 | 河南理工大学 | shallow-consolidation deep-injection supporting method for rapid excavation of broken roof large-section roadway |
| CN112345647B (en) * | 2021-01-05 | 2021-04-23 | 中南大学 | Surrounding rock loosening ring test method |
| CN114439545B (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2023-02-28 | 成都理工大学 | Extremely high stress large deformation difference unloading deformation blocking method |
| CN116658219B (en) * | 2023-08-02 | 2023-10-13 | 阳泉市广凯机械制造有限公司 | Anchor cable prestress control device and application method |
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| GB808509A (en) * | 1956-02-01 | 1959-02-04 | Hadfields Ltd | Improvements in and relating to strata bolts |
| KR100463269B1 (en) * | 2001-08-29 | 2004-12-23 | 박병구 | Disjointable fixing apparatus of tension material and Removal method of tension material |
| CN102953743B (en) * | 2012-09-02 | 2015-12-09 | 山东科技大学 | Based Intelligent Control increases resistance large deformation anchor rod and application process thereof |
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