CN103700302A - Waste pyrolysis integrated experimental apparatus for teaching experiment - Google Patents
Waste pyrolysis integrated experimental apparatus for teaching experiment Download PDFInfo
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- CN103700302A CN103700302A CN201310626625.4A CN201310626625A CN103700302A CN 103700302 A CN103700302 A CN 103700302A CN 201310626625 A CN201310626625 A CN 201310626625A CN 103700302 A CN103700302 A CN 103700302A
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Abstract
The invention provides a waste pyrolysis integrated experimental apparatus for teaching, which is used for researching the process of carrying out pyrolysis recycling on nonmetal powder of electronic wastes to produce oil. The apparatus comprises a pyrolysis reactor, a heating device, a temperature program controller, a temperature measurement sensor, a condenser and the like. The apparatus has a simple structure, is convenient to operate and easy to disassemble, has good sealing performance and is suitable to carry out waste pyrolysis recycling experimental teaching for university undergraduate students. The apparatus not only reinforces a heat transfer effect of the pyrolysis reactor, but also effectively solves the problems of incomplete pyrolytic reaction and more byproducts, which are caused by nonuniform heating; meanwhile, pyrolytic tar and pyrolytic solid residues are effectively collected; cooled pyrolytic waste gas enters an acid liquid adsorbent to be effectively adsorbed before being discharged into the atmosphere, so that the pollution of the pyrolytic waste gas to the environment is avoided; a satisfied experiment effect is achieved; the waste pyrolysis integrated experimental apparatus is suitable for carrying out waste pyrolysis recycling experimental teaching in the university and for students majoring in the environment and chemical engineering.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to, for pyrolysis of waste resource correlated curriculum experimental teaching technical field, especially relate to a kind of pyrolysis of waste integrated experimental device for education experiment.
Background technology
Environmental Science and Engineering subject is along with scientific and technical progress and development, and its connotation and extension has obtained continuous expansion, to cultivating the necessary experimental teaching of the high-quality environment talent, has higher requirement.For this reason, when keeping traditional experiment Teaching Advantages and effect, according to Environmental Science development need, try to explore to set up instructional item consistent with discipline development level, that be suitable for undergraduate's experiment, traditional experiment teaching and discipline development demand are organically combined, reach mutually and supplement, realize best combination.
Electron wastes is a kind of novel wastes, in recent years, for the fastest solid waste of growth rate in the world, its growth rate is 3 times of common solid waste, it has the features such as environmental hazard and resource regeneration value, and electron wastes is processed focus and the emphasis that has become current research with recycling.But at present, domestic colleges and universities only offer in undergraduate take house refuse as main solid waste experiment, electron wastes processing is with resource experimental teaching still in the exploratory stage, and especially the education experiment with electron wastes non-metal powder pyrolysis resource there is not yet report.The successful research and development of this experimental teaching unit, not only embodying Frontier development and the characteristic that solves actual environment problem, focus on experimental project novelty and practical application meaning, and further perfect undergraduate's solid waste experiment content, become experimental teaching level level and promote the important content with innovation.This experimental provision has met undergraduate and has tested demand, has the features such as multiple tricks is strong, easy and simple to handle, reasonable price, and experiment teaching effect is good.While has effectively solved engineering or scientific research is complicated with apparatus system, volume is large, and cost is high, and student can only carry out the deficiency of visit or lecture experiment, has improved student experimenting effect.
Summary of the invention
In order to address the above problem, the invention provides a kind of teaching pyrolysis of waste integrated experimental device, applicable to electron wastes and other organic polymer material Pyrolysis Experiments, experimental provision is simple in structure, easy to operate, be easy to dismounting, good seal performance, can meet university student's experimental teaching demand of the relevant specialities such as environment, chemical industry.
In order to achieve the above object, solution of the present invention is:
A kind of pyrolysis of waste integrated experimental device for education experiment that the present invention proposes, by hopper 2, pyrolysis reactor 3, elbow 5, gas and liquid collecting device 6, condenser 7, gas-liquid delivery pipe 8, gas-liquid separator 9, connect lubricating cup 10 and waste gas exhaust pipe 11 compositions, it is characterized in that: pyrolysis reactor 3 horizontal positioned, condenser 7 is vertically placed, in pyrolysis reactor 3, be provided with thermopair, pyrolysis reactor 3 one end connect draft tube 1, the other end is connected with elbow 5, pyrolysis reactor 3 central interior arrange reinforced with hopper 2, elbow 5 is connected with condenser 7 upper ends, condenser 7 inside, upper end arrange circular arc gas and liquid collecting device 6, in condenser 7, be provided with inclined tube 8, inclined tube 8 is 75-80 ° with surface level angle of inclination, inclined tube 8 is aimed in the outlet of gas and liquid collecting device 6, gas-liquid separator 9 is reverse frustoconic, be positioned at condenser 7 belows, gas-liquid separator 9 other ends connect lubricating cup 10.
In the present invention, pyrolysis reactor 3 and elbow 5 by O-ring seal with open soon cutting ferrule and be connected, elbow 5 and condenser 7 by O-ring seal with open soon cutting ferrule and be connected; Gas-liquid separator 9 with connect lubricating cup 10 by O-ring seal with open soon cutting ferrule and be connected.
In the present invention, described inclined tube 8 is pyrolysis gas-liquid delivery pipe, and some inclined tubes 8 are arranged in parallel, and are uniformly distributed in condenser 7, and inclined tube 8 radicals are 2-5 root.
In the present invention, be provided with a pyrolysis off-gas delivery pipe 11 in described condenser 7, its one end is connected with gas-liquid separator 9, and the other end is drawn by condenser inwall and discharge after 2 groups of acidic liquid absorption plants absorb.
In the present invention, the interior condensate water of condenser 7 circulates by pump.
In the present invention, when described device is used, pyrolysis reactor 3 is positioned in heating arrangement 13, draft tube 1 is connected with nitrogen cylinder, and heating arrangement 13 is connected with programme regulator for temperature 12.
In the present invention, the heating element in described heating arrangement adopts Elema, and heating-up temperature is up to 1100 ℃, double-layer shell structure, and burner hearth adopts aluminum oxide polycrystal body fibrous material, has the features such as temperature field is balanced, surface temperature is low.
In the present invention, described programme regulator for temperature 12 adopts 10 sections of temperature programmed control systems, phase shift triggering, SCR control.
Owing to having adopted technique scheme, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, compare with common tubular type pyrolysis installation, this teaching with thermal decomposition integrated experimental provision have simple in structure, convenient disassembly, temperature evenly, the feature such as surface temperature is low, volume is little.Pyrolysis reactor has not only increased the area of heating surface to material, and adds thermosetting cooperative effect with tube wall, has strengthened heat-transfer effect, efficiently solves because the inhomogeneous pyrolytic reaction of bringing of heating is incomplete and the more problem of accessory substance.
2, pyrolysis reactor is connected with the elbow of identical caliber with vertical condenser, and adopts fluororubber O-type O-ring seal, cartoon type to open soon cutting ferrule connection.To opening soon cutting ferrule by gas flow, at outflow end, increase seam, can effectively stop contacting of thickness pyrolytic reaction product and interface position, effectively prevent pyrolysis product solidifying and deposit and cause the problem of the difficult unlatching of upper end cover at the position that is tightly connected; In addition, each interface is all opened soon cutting ferrule with cartoon type and is connected, and is easy to each parts dismounting, cleans.
3, condenser lower end adopts cartoon type to switch on and be connected soon with oil storage cup, and condenser lower end inwall employing rounding bench-type structure, to guarantee that liquid pyrolysis oil flows in oil storage cup (glass cylinder), does not make pyrolysis oil in joint, be detained bonding.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the present invention imparts knowledge to students with the structure cut-open view of pyrolytic reaction condensation integrated device.
Fig. 2 comprises electron wastes non-metal powder pyrolysis resource reaction unit schematic diagram embodiment illustrated in fig. 1.
Number in the figure: 1 is draft tube, 2 is hopper, and 3 is pyrolysis reactor, and 4 for opening soon cutting ferrule, and 5 is elbow, 6 is gas and liquid collecting device, and 7 is condenser, and 8 is inclined tube, and 9 is gas-liquid separator, 10 for connecing lubricating cup, and 11 is exhaust pipe, and 12 is programme regulator for temperature, and 13 is heating arrangement.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing illustrated embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.
Embodiment 1: pyrolytic reaction condensation integrated device for the teaching that the present invention proposes, by pyrolysis reactor 3, hopper 2, gas-liquid delivery pipe 8, condenser 7, gas-liquid separator 9, connect lubricating cup 10, elbow 5, open cutting ferrule 4 and exhaust pipe 11 etc. soon and form, structure is as shown in Figure 1.In pyrolysis reactor 3, be provided with thermopair, draft tube 1 is connected with pyrolysis reactor 3 left ends, and right-hand member is connected with elbow 5 by opening soon cutting ferrule 4, adopts fluororubber pad sealing, guarantees that it has good sealing.
Temperature thermocouple in the present invention is placed in thermocouple sheath inside, be arranged at pyrolysis reactor 3 sidewalls, draft tube 1 is connected with carrier gas delivery pipe respectively by threeway, the gas-liquid product forming after elbow 5 for the product preventing after pyrolysis reactor 3 pyrolysis is collected at condenser 7 upper ends, in order to avoid generation seepage, spy is provided with circular arc gas and liquid collecting device 8 in condenser 7 upper ends.Pyrolysis gas is carried condensation with 3 Φ 10mm gas-liquid delivery pipes in condenser 7, forms fluid oil.For preventing that fluid oil from gathering above lubricating cup, spy arranges gas-liquid separator 9, and forms 115
0c chamfering.Pyrolysis off-gas is with the outer row of vertical waste gas exhaust pipe 11.
The interior setting of pyrolysis reactor 3 fed in raw material with hopper 2, pyrolysis reactor 3 left ends are connected by welding manner with draft tube 1, right-hand member is that pyrolysis product outlet end is connected with elbow, elbow 5 is connected with condenser 7 upper ends, and in condenser 7 inside, upper end, circular arc gas and liquid collecting device 6 is set, the pyrolysis gas of collecting enters the interior 3 parallel inclined tubes of condenser 7, and inclined tube angle of inclination is controlled at 75
0left and right, condensed liquid flows into and connects lubricating cup 10 through gas-liquid separator, and gas-liquid separator 9 is reverse frustoconic, access environment after condensed pyrolysis off-gas rises along Φ 10mm vertical tube.Each junction is equipped with opens cutting ferrule 4 soon, and adopts fluororubber pad sealing, guarantees the sealing property of whole device.
In condenser 7, establish 3 φ 10mm inclined tubes 8, the inclination angle of inclined tube 8 is 75 °, as pyrolysis gas-liquid delivery pipe, parallel with condenser 7 and be uniformly distributed, the oil-containing pyrolysis gas that makes uniform temperature rapidly by and condensation become pyrolysis oil, the cutting ferrule inwall of opening soon in condenser 7 lower ends adopts rounding bench-type, impels fluid oil to fall into and connects lubricating cup 10(glass cylinder), prevent that fluid oil is residual at interface.And pump At103 circulation for condensate water makes it continuous circulation and uses.
Pyrolysis off-gas exhaust and adsorption system, one pyrolysis off-gas delivery pipe φ 10mm is set in condenser, parallel with condenser, lower end is connected with gas-liquid separator 9, upper end is drawn by condenser 7 sidewalls and is discharged after 2 groups of acidic liquid adsorbent equipment absorption after elbow, avoids the impact of pyrolysis gas on environment.
As shown in Figure 2, for adopting the present invention to impart knowledge to students with the principle of work schematic diagram of pyrolytic reaction integrated experimental device, the present invention is arranged in heating arrangement 13, and draft tube 1 is connected with nitrogen cylinder.
Programme regulator for temperature 12, the target temperature required to pyrolysis reactor 3 arranges heating rate, adopts 10 sections of temperature programmed control systems, and phase shift triggering, SCR control, realize adjustable heating schedule.
In order to verify the produce oil situation of the experimental provision of invention, concrete condition is as follows:
(1) with banana oil to experimental provision reactor 3 inwalls, elbow 5, be arranged at gas and liquid collecting device 6, gas-liquid conveyer 8, gas-liquid separator 9, the waste gas exhaust pipe 11 in condenser and connect lubricating cup 10 and rinse, remove residuals;
(2) take nonmetal fine grained material m=49g;
(3) experiment parameter: carrier gas--argon gas, air-flow--1L/min, temperature programme--8.94 ℃/min, holding temperature--500 ℃ (insulation 30min);
(4) experiment finishes, and takes out the rear residual solids of calcining and is weighed as 36.2636g, calculates theoretical oil offtake (having partial thermal decomposition gas) for 12.7364g, and theoretical oil productivity is 25.99%;
(5) by many experiments, verify, at material 50g, be incubated 500 ℃, during 30min, experiment effect is better.
Claims (8)
1. the pyrolysis of waste integrated experimental device for education experiment, by hopper (2), pyrolysis reactor (3), elbow (5), gas and liquid collecting device (6), condenser (7), gas-liquid delivery pipe (8), gas-liquid separator (9), connecing lubricating cup (10) and exhaust pipe (11) forms, it is characterized in that: pyrolysis reactor (3) horizontal positioned, condenser (7) is vertically placed, pyrolysis reactor is provided with thermopair in (3), pyrolysis reactor (3) one end connects draft tube (1), the other end is connected with elbow (5), pyrolysis reactor (3) central authorities arrange reinforced with hopper (2), elbow (5) is connected with condenser (7) upper end, condenser (7) inside, upper end arranges circular arc pyrolysis gas collection (6), in condenser (7), be provided with inclined tube (8), inclined tube (8) is 75-80 ° with surface level angle of inclination, the outlet of gas and liquid collecting device (6) connects inclined tube (8), gas-liquid separator (9) is reverse frustoconic, be positioned at condenser (7) below, gas-liquid separator (9) other end connects lubricating cup (10), off-gas line (11) one end is connected with gas-liquid separator (9) upper end, and the other end passes into acidic liquid absorption plant after bend pipe.
2. the pyrolysis of waste integrated experimental device for education experiment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that pyrolysis reactor (3) and elbow (5) by O-ring seal with open soon cutting ferrule and be connected, elbow (5) and condenser (7) by O-ring seal with open soon cutting ferrule and be connected; Gas-liquid separator (9) with connect lubricating cup (10) by O-ring seal with open soon cutting ferrule and be connected.
3. the pyrolysis of waste integrated experimental device for education experiment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described inclined tube (8) is pyrolysis gas-liquid delivery pipe, some inclined tubes (8) are arranged in parallel, be uniformly distributed in condenser (7), inclined tube (8) radical is 2-5 root.
4. the pyrolysis of waste integrated experimental device for education experiment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that being provided with in described condenser (7) a pyrolysis off-gas delivery pipe (11), its one end is connected with catchment cup (10), and the other end is drawn by condenser inwall and discharge after 2 groups of acidic liquid absorption plants absorb.
5. the pyrolysis of waste integrated experimental device for education experiment according to claim 1, is characterized in that the interior condensate water of condenser (7) circulates by pump.
6. the pyrolysis of waste integrated experimental device for education experiment according to claim 1, while it is characterized in that described device is used, pyrolysis reactor (3) is positioned in heating arrangement (13), draft tube 1 is connected with nitrogen cylinder, and heating arrangement (13) is connected with programme regulator for temperature (12).
7. the pyrolysis of waste integrated experimental device for education experiment according to claim 6, it is characterized in that the heating element in described heating arrangement adopts Elema, heating-up temperature is up to 1100 ℃, double-layer shell structure, burner hearth adopts aluminum oxide polycrystal body fibrous material, has the features such as temperature field is balanced, surface temperature is low.
8. the pyrolysis of waste integrated experimental device for education experiment according to claim 6, is characterized in that described programme regulator for temperature (12) adopts 10 sections of temperature programmed control systems, phase shift triggering, SCR control.
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Citations (7)
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| CN101186836A (en) * | 2007-11-12 | 2008-05-28 | 马加德 | Method for removing tar oil from gasified combustible gas by using waste rubber and plastic crack oil |
| CN101281696A (en) * | 2008-03-13 | 2008-10-08 | 华东理工大学 | Training apparatus for chemical industry production |
| CN102063829A (en) * | 2010-12-08 | 2011-05-18 | 沈阳大学 | Experimental device for collecting solid waste filtrate |
| CN102580625A (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2012-07-18 | 天津市先权工贸发展有限公司 | High-temperature pyrolysis reactor |
| CN202359072U (en) * | 2011-11-23 | 2012-08-01 | 珠海新市节能环保科技有限公司 | Refuse cracking-purifying equipment |
| CN202472991U (en) * | 2012-03-07 | 2012-10-03 | 浙江天煌科技实业有限公司 | Solid waste incineration flue gas treatment teaching apparatus |
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- 2013-12-02 CN CN201310626625.4A patent/CN103700302B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1304951A (en) * | 2000-10-11 | 2001-07-25 | 中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所 | Process for treating waste rubber or plastics and its gasifying equipment |
| CN101186836A (en) * | 2007-11-12 | 2008-05-28 | 马加德 | Method for removing tar oil from gasified combustible gas by using waste rubber and plastic crack oil |
| CN101281696A (en) * | 2008-03-13 | 2008-10-08 | 华东理工大学 | Training apparatus for chemical industry production |
| CN102063829A (en) * | 2010-12-08 | 2011-05-18 | 沈阳大学 | Experimental device for collecting solid waste filtrate |
| CN202359072U (en) * | 2011-11-23 | 2012-08-01 | 珠海新市节能环保科技有限公司 | Refuse cracking-purifying equipment |
| CN202472991U (en) * | 2012-03-07 | 2012-10-03 | 浙江天煌科技实业有限公司 | Solid waste incineration flue gas treatment teaching apparatus |
| CN102580625A (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2012-07-18 | 天津市先权工贸发展有限公司 | High-temperature pyrolysis reactor |
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