CN103698806A - Carrying device for three advanced geological prediction instruments on TBM - Google Patents
Carrying device for three advanced geological prediction instruments on TBM Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a carrying device for three advanced geological prediction instruments on a TBM (tunnel boring machine), which comprises a supporting transmission and damping device, wherein a power supply/measurement electrode, a seismic wave vibration exciter and a seismic wave sensor are conveniently arranged on a TBM cutter head; the telescopic transmission system is convenient for the inclined single-hole geological radar transmitting and receiving antenna to be carried above the TBM rear shield; the instrument cabin protection device plays a role in protection during TBM tunneling operation, and the instrument cabin which is convenient for controlling the whole detection work is carried in a TBM rear shield. The invention realizes the integration of the detecting instrument and the tunnel boring machine, fully utilizes the detecting space and the detecting time of the full-section excavated tunnel, automatically and quickly arranges the instrument on the working surface of the tunnel boring machine and drills an advancing probing hole, successfully carries three advanced geological forecasting instruments, improves the detecting efficiency and the automation and rapidization level of the advanced geological forecasting, and obviously enhances the advanced geological forecasting capability of the TBM.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the loading device on a kind of complete-section tunnel boring machine (TBM), relate generally to the special-purpose loading device of three kinds of advance geologic prediction instruments on TBM, belong to TBM technical field.
Background technology
In recent years, in the tunnel such as the U.S., Japan, Norway, Switzerland power constructing tunnel, mostly adopt rock tunnel(ling) machine construction method in the world, also more and more rock tunnel(ling) machine construction methods that adopt in China's constructing tunnel.With traditional drill bursting construction project, development machine construction method has the plurality of advantages of " speed of application is fast, excavation disturbance is little, safety and environmental protection ", but rock tunnel(ling) machine is poor to the adaptability of geologic condition.When TBM experience adverse geological condition, often there is the geologic hazards such as prominent water burst, landslide and large deformation, often cause TBM machinery quilt card, buried the major accident that even machinery is scrapped.In order to reduce the risk that meets with above-mentioned accident in TBM construction, the most effective solution adopts Geological Prediction Technology to verify in advance front of tunnel heading adverse geological condition exactly, according to the geological condition in the place ahead, pre-establish rational Disposal Measures and construction prediction scheme, evade and prevent the generation of serious disasters and accidents.
At present, in the tunnel of traditional drill bursting construction, Geological Prediction Technology is comparatively ripe, and in development machine construction tunnel, Geological Prediction Technology is not yet broken through, in starting conceptual phase.With traditional drill bursting construction environmental facies ratio, rock tunnel(ling) machine is bulky, has occupied the most spaces in the 0-100m of face rear, causes electromagnetic environment very complicated, and observation space is very narrow and small.Development machine construction tunnel advance geologic prediction is indiscriminately imitated advanced prediction technology or traditional ground geophysical probing technique of drill bursting construction mostly, and traditional drilling and blasting method Tunnel prediction technology and ground geophysical probing technique cannot be applicable to rock tunnel(ling) machine construction complex environment, often cause wrong report to be misrepresented deliberately, have serious consequences.At present, the technology and the instrument that are exclusively used in the world development machine construction advanced prediction only have two classes: a class is the BEAM technology (Bore-Tunneling Electrical Ahead Monitoring) based on the induced polarization of focusing frequency territory, BEAM technology belongs to one dimension observed pattern, utilize the curve of each measurement result and tunnel mileage to infer the moisture situation in development end the place ahead, do not adopt tomography to survey, cannot obtain the three-dimensional information of TBM workplace front geological body, detection range is little, also cannot forecast the water yield.Another kind of is seismic event advanced prediction technology and instrument, and the defect due to aspect observation mode and performance index, does not get the nod and promote.The work of rock tunnel(ling) machine construction unfavorable geology advanced prediction lacks the special-purpose geophysical probing technique of practicability and effectiveness.
A Geological Prediction Technology difficult problem for rock tunnel(ling) machine construction environment, in order to verify preferably the geological condition of development machine front of tunnel heading, need on development machine, to carry several effective geophysical instruments simultaneously, by comprehensive detection and associating decipher, realize the target that reduces multi-solution, improves Effect on Detecting.Consider the complicacy of rock tunnel(ling) machine equipment, require several geophysical instrument arrangement convenience, efficiently survey, and the selection of geophysical prospecting method should be fewer but better.Shandong University is on existing Research foundation, through domestic and international investigation, theoretical analysis and experimental study, three kinds of novel geophysical prospecting method and observation modes that are applicable to development machine complex environment have been proposed: the three-dimensional induced polarization exploration technology of forward direction, minimum offset distance Elastic-Wave Measuring technology and single hole the radar exploration technique.For above-mentioned three kinds of technology, the research and development of three kinds of detection instrument systems have been carried out.These three kinds of instruments are all arranged in data acquisition recording geometry on face or in boring, take very little space, are not subject to the impact of electromagnetic interference (EMI).In three kinds of instrument research and development, being faced with a crucial technical barrier, is exactly how three kinds of detection instruments (comprise and gather recording geometry, instrument host and transmission cable etc.) to be carried on rock tunnel(ling) machine.
The special construction environment of rock tunnel(ling) machine and feature have proposed the technical requirement of " integrated, robotization, miniaturization " to the loading device of geophysical exploration instrument.BEAM technology is reequiped as electrode cutter head, and 2-3 seismic event vibrator installed in the perforate on development machine cutterhead of ISIS technology, and on backing, seismic event sensor is installed in perforate.Because these two kinds of methods are all to carry single detective instrument, loading device is comparatively simple, is not suitable for the lift-launch of multiple detection instrument.Parts and the unit of the three-dimensional induced polarization of forward direction, three kinds of detection instruments of minimum offset distance elastic wave single hole radar will be far more than single detective instruments, mainly comprise: power supply/potential electrode, seismic event vibrator, seismic event sensor, transmitting radar antenna, receiving radar antenna, power supply/transmission cable, instrument host, power supply etc.Wherein, power supply/potential electrode, seismic event vibrator, seismic event sensor, borehole radar transmit and receive antenna and belong to excitation observing unit, need to be arranged on face or in boring, need to invent special device these observation collecting units are carried on development machine cutterhead or backing; Instrument host is the control commander unit of surveying, and shockproof properties is had relatively high expectations, and can be arranged in the shield body at development machine rear, need to invent special antidetonation loading device; Power supply/transmission cable major function be realize the Power supply of main frame and observation collecting unit, communicate by letter, instruction transmission and data transmission, because observation collecting unit is along with single-deck rotates, and main frame is fixed, need invention to adapt to the termination of the power supply/transmission cable of rotation condition.Said apparatus (the excitation support conventional apparatus of observing unit, the antidetonation loading device of main frame and rotation cable connection device) has just formed the special-purpose loading device of three kinds of advance geologic prediction instruments on rock tunnel(ling) machine.Rock tunnel(ling) machine complex structure, the design invention of special loading device need be made overall planning, and the inner limited instrument mounting space of reasonable distribution rock tunnel(ling) machine.Cutterhead belongs to key component, and how designing the support transmission device of excitation observing unit and don't affecting cutterhead excavation operation is a difficult problem; Borehole radar receives and emitting antenna must be placed in boring, how on development machine backing, to design that to send with conventional apparatus be a difficult problem; During rock tunnel(ling) machine excavation operation, can produce stronger vibrations, how to observation collecting unit and instrument host etc., to carry out anti-vibration protected is a difficult problem; Cutterhead must rotate around main shaft when operation, now the cable between main frame and observation acquisition system disconnects, under the condition stopping operating at cutterhead, connect cable and implement advance geologic prediction detection operations, the quick and precisely wiring of how to power/transmission cable is also a difficult problem.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention proposes the special loading device of three kinds of advance geologic prediction instruments on a kind of rock tunnel(ling) machine.For power supply/potential electrode, seismic event vibrator and seismic event sensor, support transmission and the shock attenuation device thereof being arranged on cutterhead invented in design, realizes and controls the evolutionary operation of exciter tube recording geometry and draw in hidden; For single hole radar, receive and emitting antenna, the flexible delivery apparatus of the self-adaptive damping being arranged on backing has been invented in design, can realize automatically sending of antenna, and avoid the damage of the problems such as hole clipping to antenna; For power supply/transmission cable under cutterhead rotary state switching condition, a kind of quick and precisely patching panel has been invented in design, has realized automatic disconnection and the connection of cable; For instrument host, a kind of damping instrument room has been invented in design, plays shock-absorbing protecting when development machine is worked.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:
A loading device for the upper three kinds of advance geologic prediction instruments of TBM, comprises that being convenient to power supply/potential electrode, seismic event vibrator and seismic event sensor is placed in support transmission and the shock attenuation device on TBM cutterhead; Be convenient to oblique single hole geological radar transmitting and carry the flexible kinematic train above TBM backing with receiving antenna; The instrument room protective device shielding when TBM excavation operation, the instrument room lift-launch of being convenient to control whole detection operations is in TBM backing inside; Can also comprise and be applicable to TBM swinging digging mode, be used for guaranteeing the patching panel device of the normal work of power supply fuel feeding circuit.
Described support transmission and shock attenuation device, the device of lift-launch comprises the loading device of power supply/potential electrode, seismic event vibrator and seismic event sensor, is divided into two parts: power supply/potential electrode is as focusing on three-dimensional induced polarization exploration unit; Seismic event vibrator and seismic event sensor minimum offset distance Elastic-Wave Measuring unit as a whole, the loading device and the arranging of cutter head that focus on three-dimensional induced polarization exploration unit and minimum offset distance Elastic-Wave Measuring unit should be carried out according to following principle:
1. guaranteeing that cutter head arranges under the prerequisite of according to efficiency of breaking rock higher principle, overriding concern be exactly instrument to be arranged can realize comparatively accurate measurement effect, be that forward direction focuses on three-dimensional induced polarization exploration unit and is three rows that keep at a certain distance away and arranges, minimum offset distance Elastic-Wave Measuring unit is arranged according to crossing two rows that cutterhead central point transverse and longitudinal intersects.
2. in the chosen distance cutter head position far away of should trying one's best when the instrument chosen position, avoid allowing protective device bear larger detritus applied pressure.When transverse and longitudinal two rankings of determining minimum offset distance Elastic-Wave Measuring unit are put, answer selected angle, make as much as possible being arranged in of cutter head take both sides that cutterhead center is starting point institute divergent-ray and distant, and the cutter head number that ray passes through seldom.When settle focusing on three-dimensional induced polarization exploration unit, should with row Elastic-Wave Measuring unit parallelization three row's detection instruments wherein, choose compare great position, cutterhead space as far as possible.On the route of laying at two kinds of probe units, if cutter head has occupied the position of instrument, should, in the certain limit centered by cutter head, choose space greatly and the another location far away apart from cutter head.
3. the position of cutterhead bonding crack can not be selected, because bonding station interior welds complex structure is unfavorable for carrying the fixing and gearing of probe unit, otherwise the stability of cutterhead assembling can be affected.
Described support transmission and shock attenuation device comprise: seismic event vibrator supports transmission and shock attenuation device, the support transmission of power supply/potential electrode and shock attenuation device.
Seismic event vibrator supports transmission and shock attenuation device comprises hydraulic pump, piston, rotating disk, pressure transducer, stationary installation, spiral channel, protective device and shock attenuation device, described hydraulic pump is controlled the oil mass of piston both sides, driven plunger is advanced or is retreated, the front end of described piston is fixedly connected with the rotating disk that can rotate, described rotating disk front end coordinates with seismic event vibrator, drive the rotation of seismic event vibrator advance or retreat, between described rotating disk and seismic event vibrator, be also provided with pressure transducer, for feeding back the information that excites termination to touch pressure after face, the outer wall of described seismic event vibrator is provided with some projections, projection coordinates with spiral channel, being convenient to the rotation of seismic event vibrator advances or retreats, described spiral channel is fixed on cutterhead by stationary installation, described seismic event vibrator supports transmission and shock attenuation device is also provided with beam, described protective device comprises the buckle being arranged on cutterhead, seismic event vibrator excite termination to stretch out time, buckle is separated, seismic event vibrator excite termination to regain time, buckle is closed.
Described power supply/potential electrode supports transmission and shock attenuation device, comprises hydraulic pump, piston, pressure transducer, stationary installation, draw-in groove, protective device and shock attenuation device; Described hydraulic pump is controlled the oil mass of piston both sides, driven plunger is advanced or is retreated, the front end of described piston coordinates with power supply/potential electrode, drive power supply/potential electrode along draw-in groove, advancing or retreating, between described piston nose and power supply/potential electrode, be also provided with pressure transducer, the information of touching pressure after face for feedback electrode head, described draw-in groove is fixed on cutterhead by stationary installation, and described power supply/potential electrode supports transmission and shock attenuation device is also provided with beam; Described protective device comprises the buckle being arranged on cutterhead, and when the electrode tip of power supply/potential electrode stretches out, buckle is separated, and when the electrode tip of power supply/potential electrode is regained, buckle is closed.
The principle of described support transmission and shock attenuation device is, comprise Hydraulic Power Transmission System and Intelligent telescopic controller two parts, wherein hydraulic pump, as the executive component of hydraulic system, is realized anterior power supply/potential electrode head or giant magnetostrictive transducer stretching together with exciting rod by dynamical element hydraulic pump to the control of piston both sides fluid amount; And at circular cylindrical cavity of front-end structure of piston pusher, and at a sheet pressure transducer of probe unit one end interpolation, the geologic condition of local construction, for controller arranges acceptable maximum pressure value size, controls by controller the position that probe unit protracts automatically by inquiry.
Described seismic event vibrator supports transmission and shock attenuation device comprises protective device, stationary installation, vibrator and four major parts of hydraulically extensible gearing; the singularity of exciting operation simultaneously while working because of seismic event vibrator; also should set up in inside spiral fashion guide rail structure; guarantee axial the stablizing of exciting process Instrumental, realize and excite high-quality elastic wave.
Support transmission and the shock attenuation device of described seismic event vibrator support transmission and shock attenuation device, power supply/potential electrode include stationary installation and shock-damping structure two parts, stationary installation is fixed on cutterhead inner side by screw, and between detection instrument and cutterhead inside surface, add five ring-type rubber sheet gaskets as shock-damping structure, while being used for weakening TBM headwork, produce the impact of vibrations.
Described flexible kinematic train, be convenient to oblique single hole geological radar transmitting and be fixed on TBM backing top with receiving antenna, dipole emission antenna and directional receiving antenna are serially connected in small-sized drill rear end, detect in the process in hole being drilled with to advance, delivery apparatus constantly protracts emitting antenna and receiving antenna, until require position.
Described flexible kinematic train, comprises hollow expansion link and Hydraulic Power Transmission System, and Hydraulic Power Transmission System drives hollow expansion link flexible, and hollow expansion link carries transmitting and the receiving antenna of oblique single hole geological radar.
Described flexible kinematic train also comprises pressure transducer and is positioned at the feedback controller of TBM backing, when making antenna, problems such as running into hole clipping cannot continue flexible sending, hydraulic actuator releasing pressure automatically, can not continue to send forward or to post shrinkage, in order to avoid cause antenna to damage.
Described instrument room protective device, comprises suspension support, vibration damper, sensor, electronic-controlled installation (ECU), orifice valve and oil pump; Described suspension support is fixed between TBM backing and instrument room, by increasing or reduce the fluid in suspension support, suspension support is extended or compression, makes instrument room increase or declines.Vibration damper is arranged on suspension support, and described sensor is by the signal input electronic-controlled installation receiving, and electronic-controlled installation sends instruction to orifice valve, by the switching of solenoid valve in orifice valve, regulates the damping force of vibration damper.Described orifice valve is arranged between accumulator and suspension support, and is connected with suspension support with accumulator by oil pipe, between accumulator and vibroshock, is provided with oil pump, and orifice valve regulates the damping force of vibration damper according to steering order.Described electronic-controlled installation, the vibrations that instrument room are subject in TBM operation process according to shock conditions adjustomatic shock absorber damping force obviously alleviate, in TBM tunneling process, can guarantee the stability of instrument, extend the serviceable life of instrument and equipment under severe working environment.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows,
1. the present invention is directed to TBM machinery, three kinds of a kind of devices that advance geologic prediction instrument carries on TBM have been proposed, its critical piece comprising has power supply/potential electrode, seismic event vibrator and seismic event sensor fastening device, hydraulically extensible control device, oblique single hole geological radar transmitting and receiving antenna loading device, TBM carries instrument room and guarantees the good patching panel structure of circuit.These are all in the design under TBM cutterhead and the inner existing space environment of main frame and device comprehensive consideration, can make the advance geologic prediction ability of TBM further improve.
2. the present invention proposes the arrangement mode of a kind of probe unit and cutter head, arrange under the prerequisite of according to efficiency of breaking rock higher principle guaranteeing cutter head, rationally settle probe unit, make improved cutterhead not affect on the one hand cutter head excavation operation, also guaranteed on the other hand multiple sniffer efficient operation, the fine problem that must solve cutterhead repacking limited space.
3. the present invention proposes a kind of hydraulic pressure push-and-pull drive unit that coordinates pressure transducer to use, by the transformation to hydraulically extensible system and probe unit junction drives structure, for drive unit adds a sheet pressure transducer; Can be in hydraulically extensible gearing push-and-pull probe unit, the pressure size that the signal feeding back by internal pressure sensor and probe unit termination can be born is made comparisons, make hydraulic means probe unit be projected forwardly to the position effectively contacting with face, automatic transmission, arrange probe unit fast, and after detected event finishes collection apparatus; Simultaneously for making detection instrument flexible fast, steady, the invention allows for a kind of spiral groove rock-steady structure, by setting up spiral groove at stationary installation inwall, detection instrument outer wall increase eccentric pattern and with the semiglobe that groove agrees with, make hydraulic means more stable when sending or regain detecting element; And when vibrator is worked, the spiral groove structured probe unit that can effectively stop is in axial displacement.
4. the present invention proposes a kind of shock-damping structure being applied in stationary installation, by five pad combinations, be added between stationary installation and cutterhead inside surface, reduce the vibrations that instrument room is subject in TBM tunneling process, extend the serviceable life of instrument.
5. the present invention proposes the oblique single hole geological radar loading device of a kind of TBM of being placed in backing top, comprise and be placed in the Hydraulic Power Transmission System of TBM backing inside and for supporting and send hollow expansion link two parts of emitting antenna and receiving antenna, small-sized drill by radar front end is drilled with to advance detects hole, then by hydraulically extensible gearing, radar is delivered to assigned address and surveys; Protection feedback control mechanism is set simultaneously, while running into hole clipping in antenna telescopic process, can slowly applies telescopic action power by damper, thereby protection antenna termination is not damaged.
6. suspension system is controlled in the self-adaptive damping that the present invention proposes a kind of TBM of being applied to instrument room, can the vibrations that be subject in instrument room TBM operation process obviously be alleviated according to shock conditions adjustomatic shock absorber damping force, in TBM tunneling process, can guarantee the stability of instrument work, extend the serviceable life of instrument and equipment under severe working environment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the one-piece construction sectional view of the upper three kinds of advance geologic prediction instrument loading devices of TBM of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the TBM cutterhead of the present invention transformation integral body schematic diagram of arranging.
Fig. 3 is that seismic event vibrator of the present invention supports transmission and shock attenuation device sectional view.
Fig. 4 is that power/potential electrode of the present invention supports transmission and shock attenuation device sectional view.
Fig. 5 is vibrator outer wall hemispherical projections structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is spiral channel structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is shock-damping structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is detection instrument protective device sectional view of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the flexible kinematic train schematic diagram of the present invention.
Figure 10 is instrument room protective device structural representation of the present invention.
Wherein, 1. cutterhead, 2. launch and receiving antenna, 3. instrument room, 4. seismic event sensor, 5. power supply/potential electrode, 6. seismic event vibrator, 7. cutter head, 8. excite termination, 9. stationary installation, 10. projection, 11. spiral channels, 12. pressure transducers, 13. pistons, 14. hydraulic pumps, 15. protective devices, 16. rotating disks, 17. electrode tips, 18. draw-in grooves, 19. shock-damping structures, 20. buckles, 21. hollow expansion links, 22. Hydraulic Power Transmission Systems, 23. pads, 24. sensors, 25. electronic-controlled installations, 26. orifice valves, 27. accumulators, 28. solenoid valves, 29. tandem oil pumps, 30. vibroshocks, 31. suspension supports.
Embodiment
Below by instantiation and accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further elaborated.
The loading device of three kinds of advance geologic prediction instruments of the present invention on TBM, mainly comprising as shown in Figure 1 three parts, is respectively that loading device, the oblique single hole geological radar in TBM backing top of detection instrument on cutterhead 1 launched with the carrying on mechanism of receiving antenna 2, before and after the carrying on mechanism of seismic event sensor 4, instrument room 3 and main frame rear the patching panel of shield junction.By the synergy of a few part carrying equipments, jointly complete the running of three kinds of instruments on TBM, form whole loading device.On paper TBM cutterhead, carry the method and apparatus of power supply/potential electrode 5 and seismic event vibrator 6.
The integral body that is illustrated in figure 2 cutter head 7 on TBM cutterhead, power supply/potential electrode 5 and seismic event vibrator 6 is arranged, and they arrange by certain mathematics and how much rules.When the layout of cutter head 7 makes TBM work, the broken rock power of disk cutter is even to the acting force of cutterhead, there is higher efficiency of breaking rock simultaneously, similarly when arranging power supply/potential electrode 5 and seismic event vibrator 6, overriding concern be exactly instrument to be arranged can realize comparatively accurate measurement effect, power supply/potential electrode 5 is three rows' arrangements, seismic event vibrator 6 is arranged according to transverse and longitudinal intersection two rows, simultaneously in order to facilitate the realization of time-division multiplexing method in detection process, power supply/potential electrode 5 and seismic event vibrator 6 is orthogonal thereto arranges.
The position of instrument should be as far as possible far away apart from cutter head 7 simultaneously, avoids making protective device 15 to bear larger detritus applied pressure.In Fig. 2, be seismic event vibrator 6 while selecting riding position, first find mutually orthogonal in cutterhead 1 center and taken two less rankings by devices such as cutter head 7, collection cinder notch and put, and this two ranking to put can not be the bonding crack of cutterhead 1.Then in the position parallel with any row's seismic event vibrator 6, choose the position that three row spaces are larger and settle power supply/potential electrode 5.
On the route of laying at two kinds of probe units, if cutter head 7 or collection cinder notch have occupied the position of instrument, should, in the certain limit centered by cutter head 7, choose large and far away apart from cutter head 7 another location, space and replace.As shown in Figure 2, cutter head 7 has just in time taken the riding position of two seismic event vibrators 6, so select cutter head both sides to substitute arrange two reasonable and feasible positions of route of deviation instrument slightly, thereby guaranteed that TBM work efficiency also can not affect the accuracy of apparatus measures simultaneously.
Shown in Fig. 3, be the carrying equipment of seismic event vibrator 6 on TBM cutterhead, this equipment mainly comprises: excite termination 8, stationary installation 9, spiral channel 11, pressure transducer 12, piston 13, hydraulic pump 14 and protective device 15, rotating disk 16.
At TBM excavation operation intermittently; three kinds of probe unit time division multiplexes are started working; when seismic event vibrator 6 is started working; protective device 15 is opened; hydraulic pump 14 pushes seismic event vibrator 6 and stretches out forward TBM cutterhead 1 card; in this process, the anterior hydraulic oil of piston 13 is drawn out of, rear portion input hydraulic pressure oil.Seismic event vibrator 6 protract action be not simply to move forward and backward, but rotation is advanced, so not only guarantee stablizing when seismic event vibrator 6 moves forward and backward, more importantly after seismic event vibrator 6 projects forwardly to job position, to guarantee that it can not produce axial displacement, make to excite the quality of elastic wave higher, this mainly relies on spiral channel 11 to complete, as Fig. 6.The outer wall of seismic event vibrator 6 is being arranged in order semisphere small embossment 10 at four direction, as shown in Figure 5; On the other side, the inwall of spiral channel 11 also has spiral helicine groove, and as shown in Figure 5, and such projection 10 and groove agree with mutually, between them, adding lubricating oil, can to make seismic event vibrator 6 move forward and backward smooth and easy, can not produce larger force of sliding friction.When 14 pairs of seismic event vibrators 6 of hydraulic pump apply propelling movement power, seismic event vibrator 6 can clockwise rotate and protract from hydraulic pressure extreme direction, at this moment pressure transducer 12 produces very serious friction with hydraulic thrust sending end, damage pressure transducer 12, therefore in hydraulic thrust sending end, add a rotating disk 16, make it to synchronize with seismic event vibrator 6 rotation.
When exciting termination 8 to touch after face, hydraulic pump 14 continues to push seismic event vibrator 6, make the stressed increase of pressure transducer 12, when the signal of pressure transducer 12 outputs is greater than a numerical value of setting according to geologic condition, the controller that is positioned at instrument room 3 can respond, to hydraulic pump 14, send a signal that stops continue pushing, thereby make exciting termination 8 to contact closely knit with face and don't can damaging instrument of seismic event vibrator 6.
Figure 4 shows that power supply/potential electrode supports transmission and shock attenuation device one-piece construction figure, this equipment comprises: electrode tip 17, draw-in groove 18 and stationary installation 9, pressure transducer 12, hydraulic pump 14 and the protective device 15 the same with seismic event vibrator 6.This compares and there is no rotating disk 16 structures with seismic event vibrator 6, because focus on three-dimensional induced polarization exploration unit, is different from minimum offset distance Elastic-Wave Measuring unit, not high for the stability requirement that device is whole.The major function that power supply/potential electrode supports transmission and shock attenuation device is realize the propelling of 14 pairs of probe units of hydraulic pump and pull back, by a hollow barrel-like structure, complete, when hydraulic thrust sending end contacts with pressure transducer 12, can order about probe unit protracts, and when hydraulic thrust sending end reclaims, owing to pushing termination, be wrapped, can retract probe unit.Other parts, because power supply/potential electrode 5 is basically identical with the course of work of seismic event vibrator 6, so structure is identical, repeat no more.
Power supply/potential electrode 5 and seismic event vibrator 6 are fixed on the inner side of TBM cutterhead 1, when tunneling, to bear unavoidably TBM stronger vibrations and the impact of face detritus to cutterhead, at this time need shock-damping structure 19, in Fig. 7, in the position of five annulus of size sign, add five plastic cement pads 23 and can effectively weaken vibrations that TBM driving the produces impact on sniffer itself; And protective device 15 in Fig. 8 consists of two buckles 20, when TBM excavation operation, hatch door is closed, and protection instrument is not impacted by detritus; When detection operations starts, hatch door is opened, and makes probe unit free-extension.
Introduce the oblique single hole geological radar transmitting in TBM backing top and the loading device of receiving antenna 2 and the instrument room 3 of the inner lift-launch of main frame below.
Oblique single hole geological radar transmitting of the present invention comprises hollow expansion link 21 and Hydraulic Power Transmission System 22 with the loading device of receiving antenna 2, as shown in Figure 9, the Hydraulic Power Transmission System 22 being placed in TBM backing pushes hollow expansion link 21 stretchings, the anterior rig of oblique single hole geological radar contacts with face, being drilled with advances detects hole, until arrive at assigned address; After detected event finishes, hollow expansion link 21 is retracted, and drives the anterior transmitting of oblique single hole geological radar and receiving antenna 2 to regain; By protection feedback control unit reply radar antenna because of external factor can not free-extension problem; when radar antenna, running into the problems such as hole clipping can not free-extension; by the pressure transducer of antenna termination, point out; flexible sending changes damping control mode into; slow increasing action power, thus guarantee that radar antenna is not damaged.
Between TBM backing and instrument room 3, add electronic controlled suspension, suspension system is controlled in self-adaptive damping, ADS is by sensings such as lateral pickup, longitudinal sensors, the 24 signal input electronic-controlled installations 25 that receive, and the vibrations that instrument room 3 are subject in TBM operation process according to shock conditions adjustomatic shock absorber 24 damping forces obviously alleviate.This system mainly contains vibration damper 30, sensor 24, electronic-controlled installation 25(ECU), orifice valve 26 and tandem oil pump 29 form, as shown in figure 10.
Vibration damper 30 is arranged on suspension support 31, and the damping action of fluid is created in a solenoid valve, and solenoid valve 28 is connected with suspension support 31 by high-pressure oil pipe.And 5 sensors are used for respectively the normal acceleration, front and back in detecting instrument cabin 3 to the information such as load of mobile speed, lateral slip and instrument room 3, and signal is inputted to ECU, after ECU processes sensor 24 signals, determine and keep instrument room 3 to stablize required best damping power, to solenoid valve 28, send the damping force that control signal regulates vibration damper 30.The signal that ECU inputs to speed pickup, rotary angle transmitter etc. by calculating acceleration transducer, front and back, then compare with the numerical value of ECU storage, to orifice valve 26, send instruction, by the switching of solenoid valve 28 in orifice valve 26, regulate the damping force of vibration damper 30.Orifice valve 26 is arranged between accumulator 27 and suspension support 31, and is connected with suspension support 31 with accumulator 27 by oil pipe, regulates the damping force of vibration damper 26 according to steering order.Power steering oil pump and oil pump are installed together, and form cascaded structure.Wherein vane pump is to power steering system fuel feeding, and radial piston pump is to system fuel feeding, and tandem oil pump 29 is driven by an axle by belt.By increasing or reduce the fluid in suspension support 31, suspension support 31 is extended or compression, make instrument room 3 rise or decline.Due to front suspension pillar 31 oil sealings, to bear load larger, and pillar oil sealing divides two kinds of low pressure oil sealing and High-pressure oil sealings, and the fluid leaking from High-pressure oil sealing flows back to fuel tank by scavenge pipe.
Claims (8)
1. a loading device for the upper three kinds of advance geologic prediction instruments of TBM, is characterized in that, comprises that being convenient to power supply/potential electrode, seismic event vibrator and seismic event sensor is placed in support transmission and the shock attenuation device on TBM cutterhead; Be convenient to oblique single hole geological radar transmitting and carry the flexible kinematic train above TBM backing with receiving antenna; The instrument room protective device shielding when TBM excavation operation, the instrument room lift-launch of being convenient to control whole detection operations is in TBM backing inside.
2. the loading device of the upper three kinds of advance geologic prediction instruments of TBM as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described support transmission and shock attenuation device, described power supply/potential electrode interval obtains three rows and is arranged on cutterhead, and described seismic event vibrator and seismic event sensor intersect to such an extent that two rows arrange according to crossing cutterhead central point transverse and longitudinal.
3. the loading device of the upper three kinds of advance geologic prediction instruments of TBM as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described support transmission and shock attenuation device comprise: seismic event vibrator supports transmission and shock attenuation device, the support transmission of power supply/potential electrode and shock attenuation device;
Seismic event vibrator supports transmission and shock attenuation device, comprises hydraulic pump, piston, rotating disk, pressure transducer, stationary installation, spiral channel, shock attenuation device, described hydraulic pump is controlled the oil mass of piston both sides, driven plunger is advanced or is retreated, the front end of described piston is fixedly connected with the rotating disk that can rotate, described rotating disk front end coordinates with seismic event vibrator, drive the rotation of seismic event vibrator advance or retreat, between described rotating disk and seismic event vibrator, be also provided with pressure transducer, for feeding back the information that excites termination to touch pressure after face, the outer wall of described seismic event vibrator is provided with some projections, projection coordinates with spiral channel, being convenient to the rotation of seismic event vibrator advances or retreats, described spiral channel is fixed on cutterhead by stationary installation, described seismic event vibrator supports transmission and shock attenuation device is also provided with beam,
Described power supply/potential electrode supports transmission and shock attenuation device, comprises hydraulic pump, piston, pressure transducer, stationary installation, draw-in groove, protective device and shock attenuation device; Described hydraulic pump is controlled the oil mass of piston both sides, driven plunger is advanced or is retreated, the front end of described piston coordinates with power supply/potential electrode, drive power supply/potential electrode along draw-in groove, advancing or retreating, between described piston nose and power supply/potential electrode, be also provided with pressure transducer, the information of touching pressure after face for feedback electrode head, described draw-in groove is fixed on cutterhead by stationary installation, and described power supply/potential electrode supports transmission and shock attenuation device is also provided with beam.
4. the loading device of the upper three kinds of advance geologic prediction instruments of TBM as claimed in claim 3; it is characterized in that; described seismic event vibrator supports transmission and shock attenuation device also comprises protective device; protective device comprises the buckle being arranged on cutterhead; seismic event vibrator excite termination to stretch out time; buckle is separated, seismic event vibrator excite termination to regain time, buckle is closed.
5. the loading device of the upper three kinds of advance geologic prediction instruments of TBM as claimed in claim 3; it is characterized in that; described power supply/potential electrode supports transmission and shock attenuation device also comprises protective device; described protective device comprises the buckle being arranged on cutterhead; when the electrode tip of power supply/potential electrode stretches out; buckle is separated, and when the electrode tip of power supply/potential electrode is regained, buckle is closed.
6. the loading device of the upper three kinds of advance geologic prediction instruments of TBM as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described flexible kinematic train, comprise hollow expansion link and Hydraulic Power Transmission System, Hydraulic Power Transmission System drives hollow expansion link flexible, and hollow expansion link carries transmitting and the receiving antenna of oblique single hole geological radar.
7. the loading device of the upper three kinds of advance geologic prediction instruments of TBM as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, described flexible kinematic train also comprises pressure transducer and is positioned at the feedback controller of TBM backing, when problems such as running into hole clipping makes antenna cannot continue flexible sending, hydraulic actuator releasing pressure automatically, can not continue to send forward or to post shrinkage, in order to avoid cause antenna to damage.
8. the loading device of the upper three kinds of advance geologic prediction instruments of TBM as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described instrument room protective device, comprises suspension support, vibration damper, sensor, electronic-controlled installation, orifice valve and oil pump; Described suspension support is fixed between TBM backing and instrument room, by increasing or reduce the fluid in suspension support, suspension support is extended or compression, makes instrument room increase or declines; Vibration damper is arranged on suspension support, and described sensor is by the signal input electronic-controlled installation receiving, and electronic-controlled installation sends instruction to orifice valve, by the switching of solenoid valve in orifice valve, regulates the damping force of vibration damper; Described orifice valve is arranged between accumulator and suspension support, and is connected with suspension support with accumulator by oil pipe, between accumulator and vibroshock, is provided with oil pump, and orifice valve regulates the damping force of vibration damper according to steering order.
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