CN103688813A - Method for planting rice to reduce absorption of heavy metal cadmium - Google Patents
Method for planting rice to reduce absorption of heavy metal cadmium Download PDFInfo
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- CN103688813A CN103688813A CN201410012195.1A CN201410012195A CN103688813A CN 103688813 A CN103688813 A CN 103688813A CN 201410012195 A CN201410012195 A CN 201410012195A CN 103688813 A CN103688813 A CN 103688813A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for planting rice to reduce absorption of heavy metal cadmium, comprising the following steps: 1. feeding water in a rice field, scattering and applying biological cadmium-reduction element-containing compound bio-organic fertilizer into the rice field based on the usage amount of 35kg per mu; ploughing through a rooter so as to enable the biological cadmium-reduction element-containing compound bio-organic fertilizer to be evenly distributed in the soil of the rice field; finally transplanting rice seedlings; 2. after rice seedlings are transplanted for eight days, and water is fed into the rice field for three days, scattering and applying biological cadmium-reduction element-containing compound bio-organic fertilizer into the rice field according to the usage amount of 20kg per mu; 3. after paddy rice ears for eight days, keeping the soil of the rice field moistened; adding water into biological cadmium-reduction element for diluting by 20 times and spraying leaf surfaces according to the usage amount of 1kg per mu. According to the method, the compound bio-organic fertilizer is evenly distributed in the soil, the absorption of rice roots on the heavy metal can be reduced, the method is especially suitable for planting rice seedlings at regions, with water and soil seriously polluted by heavy metals, in Xiang river and Dongting lake drainage basins, not only can the working hours be saved, but also the problem that the heavy metal cadmium in the rice exceeds the standard can be solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Rice Cropping technology, refer in particular to a kind of implantation methods that is applicable to be subject to because of water quality and soil environment the reduction rice absorbing heavy metal cadmium in heavy metal pollution region.
Background technology
Because of the region that water quality and soil environment are subject to heavy metal pollution, the agricultural product heavy metal of results can exceed standard conventionally.Grain quality safety is concerning body health of people and life security, be great people's livelihood problem, the major issue that government's the departments concerned is paid much attention to, strengthens supervision from each link such as production, circulation, firmly stop problem rice and flow to dining table, guarantee that the people is able to eat " relieved grain ".Know many D cadmium exceed standard rice harm cadmium to health harm the most serious be connective tissue damage, genital system functional disorder, injury of kidney, teratogenesis and carcinogenic.Newest research results also shows, cadmium can cause human breast cancer.The cadmium that people takes in every day from food only has 1%-5% by gastrointestinal absorption, so edible cadmium exceeds standard rice be body take in cadmium a kind of may, ediblely can cause chronic poisoning for a long time in a large number.1, the cadmium of Long Term Contact doses mainly causes
kidney damage, show as in urine containing a large amount of
lMWP, due to
renal tubulefunction is impaired, causes calcium, phosphorus and vitamin D metabolism obstacle, and then causes
osteomalaciawith loose, severe patient very easily occurs
pathologic fracture, have a strong impact on patient's labour capacity and quality of life.2, the impact that is of injury bone be osteomalacia and
osteoporosis, in addition, people are after edible this cadmium content exceeds standard rice, and cadmium can cause suffering from human body
itai-itai diseases.The cadmium that people takes in every day from food only has 1%-5% by gastrointestinal absorption, so edible cadmium exceeds standard, rice is a kind of possibility that body is taken in cadmium, a large amount of long-term edible can causing
chronic poisoning.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is, for the shortcoming existing in background technology and problem improvement and bring new ideas in addition, provides a kind of implantation methods that reduces rice absorbing heavy metal cadmium.
The present invention includes following steps:
1) before rice transplanting, prepare and rice transplanting:
A, first by water 2cm on rice field, then by every mu of rice field 35kg consumption, the composite biological organic fertilizer that contains biology and fall cadmium element is evenly spread fertilizer over the fields in rice field;
B, by rooter, turn over, make to contain the composite biological organic fertilizer that cadmium element falls in biology and be uniformly distributed in paddy soil;
C, rice transplanting.
2) secondary fertilising:
8-10 days after a, rice transplanting, by water 3cm on rice field;
B, by every mu of rice field 20kg consumption, the composite biological organic fertilizer that contains biology and fall cadmium element is evenly spread fertilizer over the fields in rice field again.
3) finally spray:
A, after Rice Heading 8-10 days, keep paddy soil moistening;
B, by every mu of rice field consumption 1kg biology, fall 20 times of cadmium element thin ups again and carry out foliage spray.
Of the present invention to contain composite biological organic fertilizer that cadmium element falls in biology be that biology falls cadmium element and mixes in 1:10 ratio with fertilizer, and 10 ratios mix, and wherein the biological cadmium element that falls is that mixed raw material by following weight portion becomes:
Red pseudomonas 3-5 part, Bacillus acidi lactici 8-10 part, bacillus subtilis 5-6 part, biology enzyme 10-12 part.
The optimum amount weight portion that each raw material of cadmium element falls in biology of the present invention is:
4 parts of red pseudomonas, 9 parts of Bacillus acidi lacticis, 5.5 parts of bacillus subtilises, 11 parts of biology enzymes.
Advantage of the present invention and beneficial effect:
The present invention executes during real tillage and contains the biological compound organic fertilizer that cadmium element falls in biology before rice transplanting.Biological composite organic fertilizer can be evenly distributed in soil, reduce the absorption of rice root to heavy metal.Within after rice transplanting 8-10 days, impose and contain the composite biological organic fertilizer that cadmium element falls in biology, can effectively alleviate because of after rice field pours water, the plurality of heavy metal of bringing in water source is former.After heading, within 8-10 days, with " cadmium element falls in biology ", carry out foliage-spray, can allow rice strain give full play to the effect of " cadmium element falls in biology " by the photosynthesis of rice leaf, further intercepted in the watery stage the absorption of paddy to heavy metal.
The present invention is subject to heavy metal pollution according to Xiang River, Dongting Lake Valley soil property water quality, the heavy metal cadmium of results rice exceeds standard, utilizing several beneficial organism bacterium is that its effective viable bacteria>=10 fall cadmium element, in a kind of high-energy biologicals that are composited such as red pseudomonas, Bacillus acidi lactici, bacillus subtilis, biology enzyme
9cfu/ml, and cadmium element is fallen in biology and fertilizer is hybridly prepared into biological organic fertilizer.Paddy rice is executed during real tillage and contains the biological compound fertilizer that cadmium element falls in biology before rice transplanting, impose with 8-10 after rice transplanting days and contain " cadmium element falls in biology " biological compound fertilizer, be just in time in paddy rice when growing required fertilising, use the biological compound fertilizer that contains " cadmium element falls in biology " instead, save man-hour, solve again the rice heavy metal cadmium problem that exceeds standard.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
One, plot is selected:
It is Waterlogged paddy soil that model field is selected soil, and previous crops is early rice, and 103.2 mu of areas are wherein 48.6 mu, 13 mounds for what use, 54.6 mu, 15 mounds that adjacent field is not executed.Randomly draw a mound, do the ridge in two, portion is used, and portion is not executed, each 1.78 mu of areas.
Two, field operation:
Seedling in Unified Set, kind is that H is excellent 518, inserted June 21 kind, the machine transplanting of rice on July 14, rice transplanting type 3*9 cun, by 32, mound piece area mu rice transplanting dish, the farming such as fertilising, diseases and pests controlling operate, and time, consumption are all consistent.
Three, contain the composite biological organic fertilizer that cadmium element falls in biology and use situation:
Calculate the biological compound organic fertilizer consumption that cadmium element falls in biology that contains that needs use, and divide and use for three times after preparing, other field management is identical with land for growing field crops.Specific as follows:
1,, by after water 2cm on rice field, by every mu of rice field 35kg consumption, the composite biological organic fertilizer that contains biology and fall cadmium element is evenly spread fertilizer over the fields in rice field; By rooter, turn over again, make to contain the composite biological organic fertilizer that cadmium element falls in biology and be uniformly distributed in paddy soil; Last rice transplanting;
2, after rice transplanting 8 days, on rice field after water 3cm; By every mu of rice field 20kg consumption, the composite biological organic fertilizer that contains biology and fall cadmium element is evenly spread fertilizer over the fields in rice field;
3, after Rice Heading 8 days, keep paddy soil moistening; By every mu of rice field consumption 1kg biology, fall 20 times of cadmium element thin ups and carry out foliage spray.
In this embodiment, the biological preparation weight portion that falls each raw material of cadmium element is: 3 parts of red pseudomonas, 8 parts of Bacillus acidi lacticis, 5 parts of bacillus subtilises, 10 parts of biology enzymes.
Four, field investigation:
The follow-up investigation of random fixed point, the average every root and stem of certain plants of 20 root and stem of certain plants and measured data are as follows:
| ? | Tiller number | Effective fringe | The real grain of every seedling number | Thousand kernel weight | Actual measurement output kg/k |
| Experimental group | 26.5 | 13.8 | 81 | 25.8 | 516.3 |
| Control group | 25.6 | 12.2 | 82 | 25.6 | 484.5 |
And November 8, having carried out field harvesting, paddy weighs and weighs, and uses the wet paddy 30183.4kg of 48.6 mu, field common property, amounts to per mu yield 621.06kg.Produce wet paddy 31842.7kg, amount to per mu yield 583.2kg for 54.6 mu that do not use.
Two of same mound piece 1.78 mu are carried out paid, after drying, weigh not use and produce paddy 862.42kg, amount to per mu yield 484.5kg.The product paddy 919.1kg using, amounts to per mu yield 516.3kg.The volume increase 31.8kg/ mu that mound piece is used, land for growing field crops volume increase 37.86kg/ mu, identical rate is 84%.
Five, general performance:
By demonstration, the biological compound organic fertilizer that contains " cadmium element falls in biology " is for paddy rice, show as growth delicate and pretty consistent, blade is strong, abundant, later stage discolors, volume increase is in 6.6% left and right, and paddy is absorbed to heavy metal cadmium content has reducing effect simultaneously, and results rice is cadmium content 0.18mg/kg after testing.The control group cadmium content of not using is 0.27mg/kg.Reached NY/T419-2007(pollution-free food) quality standard.
Embodiment 2:
One, plot is selected:
It is identical that model field selects field and production to cultivate in implementation example 1, and soil is Waterlogged paddy soil, and previous crops is early rice, and 82.5 mu of areas are wherein 38.8 mu, 12 mounds for what use, 43.68 mu, 13 mounds that adjacent field is not executed.Randomly draw a mound, do the ridge in two, portion is used, and portion is not executed, each 1.5 mu of areas.
Two, field operation:
Unified booth is concentrated seedling, and kind is that H is excellent 518, inserted June 21 kind, and the machine transplanting of rice on July 14, rice transplanting type 3*9 cun, by 32, mound piece area mu rice transplanting dish, the farming such as fertilising, diseases and pests controlling operate, and time, consumption are all consistent.
Three, the biological compound organic fertilizer that contains " cadmium element falls in biology " is used situation:
Calculate the composite biological organic fertilizer consumption that cadmium element falls in biology that contains that needs use, and divide and use for three times after preparing, other field management is identical with land for growing field crops.Specific as follows:
1,, by after water 2cm on rice field, by every mu of rice field 35kg consumption, the composite biological organic fertilizer that contains biology and fall cadmium element is evenly spread fertilizer over the fields in rice field; By rooter, turn over again, make to contain the composite biological organic fertilizer that cadmium element falls in biology and be uniformly distributed in paddy soil; Last rice transplanting;
2, after rice transplanting 8 days, on rice field after water 3cm; By every mu of rice field 20kg consumption, the composite biological organic fertilizer that contains biology and fall cadmium element is evenly spread fertilizer over the fields in rice field;
3, after Rice Heading 8 days, keep paddy soil moistening; By every mu of rice field consumption 1kg biology, fall 20 times of cadmium element thin ups and carry out foliage spray.
In this embodiment, the biological preparation weight portion that falls each raw material of cadmium element is: 5 parts of red pseudomonas, 10 parts of Bacillus acidi lacticis, 6 parts of bacillus subtilises, 12 parts of biology enzymes.
Four, field investigation
The follow-up investigation of random fixed point, the average every root and stem of certain plants of 20 root and stem of certain plants and measured data are as follows:
| ? | Tiller number | Effective fringe | The real grain of every seedling number | Thousand kernel weight | Actual measurement output kg/k |
| Experimental group | 27.3 | 14.38 | 82 | 25.9 | 663.8 |
| Control group | 26.1 | 13.44 | 81 | 25.8 | 623.97 |
And November 8, having carried out field harvesting, experimental group paddy weighs and weighs, and uses the wet paddy 24332.6kg of 38.8 mu, field common property, amounts to per mu yield 627.13kg.Produce wet paddy 25554.5kg, amount to per mu yield 585.04kg for 43.68 mu that do not use.
Two of same mound piece 1.50 mu are carried out paid, the product paddy 950.7kg that weighs after drying and use, amounts to per mu yield 663.8kg.Do not use and produce paddy 935.96kg, amount to per mu yield 623.97kg.The volume increase 39.83kg/ mu that mound piece is used, land for growing field crops volume increase 42.09kg/ mu, identical rate is 94%.
Five, general performance
By demonstration, execute the biological compound organic fertilizer that contains " cadmium element falls in biology " and be used for paddy rice, show as growth delicate and pretty consistent, blade is strong, abundant, later stage discolors, and energy ripen in advance 3-4 days, can reduce or avoid " Cold Dew wind " significant impact to late rice yield.
Embodiment 3:
One, plot is selected:
It is identical that model field selects field and production to cultivate in implementation example 1, and soil is Waterlogged paddy soil, and previous crops is early rice, and 100 mu of areas are wherein 52.4 mu, 16 mounds for what use, 47.6 mu, 14 mounds that adjacent field is not executed.Randomly draw a mound, do the ridge in two, portion is used, and portion is not executed, each 1.83 mu of areas.
Two, field operation:
Unified booth is concentrated seedling, and kind is that H is excellent 518, inserted June 21 kind, and the machine transplanting of rice on July 14, rice transplanting type 3*9 cun, by 32, mound piece area mu rice transplanting dish, the farming such as fertilising, diseases and pests controlling operate, and time, consumption are all consistent.
Three, the biological compound organic fertilizer that contains " cadmium element falls in biology " is used situation:
Calculate the composite biological organic fertilizer consumption that cadmium element falls in biology that contains that needs use, and divide and use for three times after preparing, other field management is identical with land for growing field crops.Specific as follows:
1,, by after water 2cm on rice field, by every mu of rice field 35kg consumption, the composite biological organic fertilizer that contains biology and fall cadmium element is evenly spread fertilizer over the fields in rice field; By rooter, turn over again, make to contain the composite biological organic fertilizer that cadmium element falls in biology and be uniformly distributed in paddy soil; Last rice transplanting;
2, after rice transplanting 8 days, on rice field after water 3cm; By every mu of rice field 20kg consumption, the composite biological organic fertilizer that contains biology and fall cadmium element is evenly spread fertilizer over the fields in rice field;
3, after Rice Heading 8 days, keep paddy soil moistening; By every mu of rice field 1kg consumption, 20 times of composite biological organic fertilizer thin ups that contain biology and fall cadmium element are carried out to foliage spray.
In this embodiment, the biological preparation weight portion that falls each raw material of cadmium element is: 4 parts of red pseudomonas, 9 parts of Bacillus acidi lacticis, 5.5 parts of bacillus subtilises, 11 parts of biology enzymes.
Four, field investigation
The follow-up investigation of random fixed point, the average every root and stem of certain plants of 20 root and stem of certain plants and measured data are as follows:
| ? | Tiller number | Effective fringe | The real grain of every seedling number | Thousand kernel weight | Actual measurement output kg/k |
| Experimental group | 26.6 | 14.1 | 81 | 25.9 | 642.7 |
| Control group | 25.8 | 12.6 | 82 | 25.6 | 574.9 |
And November 8, having carried out field harvesting, paddy weighs and weighs, and uses the wet paddy 32113.3kg of 52.4 mu, field common property, amounts to per mu yield 612.85kg.Produce wet paddy 25404.1kg, amount to per mu yield 533.76kg for 47.6 mu that do not use.
Two of same mound piece 1.83 mu are carried out paid, the product paddy 1176.14kg that weighs after drying and use, amounts to per mu yield 642.7kg.Do not use and produce paddy 1052.07kg, amount to per mu yield 574.9kg.The volume increase 67.8kg/ mu that mound piece is used, land for growing field crops volume increase 79.09kg/ mu, identical rate is 86%.
Five, general performance
By demonstration, execute the biological compound organic fertilizer that contains " cadmium element falls in biology " and be used for paddy rice, show as growth delicate and pretty consistent, blade is strong, abundant, later stage discolors, and energy ripen in advance 3-4 days, can reduce or avoid " Cold Dew wind " significant impact to late rice yield.
Embodiment 4:
One, plot is selected:
It is identical that model field selects field and production to cultivate in implementation example 1, and soil is Waterlogged paddy soil, and previous crops is early rice, and 101.3 mu of areas are wherein 52.7 mu, 16 mounds for what use, 48.6 mu, 15 mounds that adjacent field is not executed.Randomly draw a mound, do the ridge in two, portion is used, and portion is not executed, each 2.23 mu of areas.
Two, field operation:
Seedling in Unified Set, kind is that H is excellent 518, inserted June 21 kind, the machine transplanting of rice on July 14, rice transplanting type 3*9 cun, by 32, mound piece area mu rice transplanting dish, the farming such as fertilising, diseases and pests controlling operate, and time, consumption are all consistent.
Three, the biological compound organic fertilizer that contains " cadmium element falls in biology " is used situation:
Calculate the composite biological organic fertilizer consumption that cadmium element falls in biology that contains that needs use, and divide and use for three times after preparing, other field management is identical with land for growing field crops.Specific as follows:
1,, by after water 2cm on rice field, by every mu of rice field 35kg consumption, the composite biological organic fertilizer that contains biology and fall cadmium element is evenly spread fertilizer over the fields in rice field; By rooter, turn over again, make to contain the composite biological organic fertilizer that cadmium element falls in biology and be uniformly distributed in paddy soil; Last rice transplanting;
2, after rice transplanting 8 days, on rice field after water 3cm; By every mu of rice field 20kg consumption, the composite biological organic fertilizer that contains biology and fall cadmium element is evenly spread fertilizer over the fields in rice field;
3, after Rice Heading 8 days, keep paddy soil moistening; By every mu of rice field consumption 1kg biology, fall 20 times of cadmium element thin ups and carry out foliage spray.
In this embodiment, the biological preparation weight portion that falls each raw material of cadmium element is: 4 parts of red pseudomonas, 8 parts of Bacillus acidi lacticis, 6 parts of bacillus subtilises, 11 parts of biology enzymes.
Four, field investigation
The follow-up investigation of random fixed point, the average every root and stem of certain plants of 20 root and stem of certain plants and measured data are as follows:
| ? | Tiller number | Effective fringe | The real grain of every seedling number | Thousand kernel weight | Actual measurement output kg/k |
| Experimental group | 27.5 | 14.6 | 81 | 25.8 | 657 |
| Control group | 26.5 | 13.4 | 81 | 25.6 | 602.3 |
And November 8, having carried out field harvesting, paddy weighs and weighs, and uses the wet paddy 35959.36kg of 52.7 mu, field common property, amounts to per mu yield 682.34kg.Produce wet paddy 30163.1kg, amount to per mu yield 620.64kg for 48.6 mu that do not use.
Two of same mound piece 2.23 mu are carried out paid, after drying, weigh not use and produce paddy 1343.12kg, amount to per mu yield 602.3kg.The product paddy 1465.11kg using, amounts to per mu yield 657kg.The volume increase 54.7kg/ mu that mound piece is used, land for growing field crops volume increase 61.7kg/ mu, identical rate is 88%.
Five, general performance
By demonstration, execute the biological compound organic fertilizer that contains " cadmium element falls in biology " and be used for paddy rice, show as growth delicate and pretty consistent, blade is strong, abundant, later stage discolors, and energy ripen in advance 3-4 days, can reduce or avoid " Cold Dew wind " significant impact to late rice yield.
Embodiment of the present invention is only the description that the preferred embodiment of the present invention is carried out; not design of the present invention and scope are limited; do not departing under the prerequisite of design philosophy of the present invention; various modification and improvement that in this area, engineers and technicians make technical scheme of the present invention; all should fall into protection scope of the present invention; the technology contents that the present invention asks for protection, is all documented in claims.
Claims (3)
1. reduce an implantation methods for rice absorbing heavy metal cadmium, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
1) before rice transplanting, prepare and rice transplanting:
A, first by water 2cm on rice field, then by every mu of rice field 35kg consumption, the composite biological organic fertilizer that contains biology and fall cadmium element is evenly spread fertilizer over the fields in rice field;
B, by rooter, turn over, make to contain the composite biological organic fertilizer that cadmium element falls in biology and be uniformly distributed in paddy soil;
C, rice transplanting;
2) secondary fertilising:
8-10 days after a, rice transplanting, by water 3cm on rice field;
B, by every mu of rice field 20kg consumption, the composite biological organic fertilizer that contains biology and fall cadmium element is evenly spread fertilizer over the fields in rice field again;
3) finally spray:
A, after Rice Heading 8-10 days, keep paddy soil moistening;
B, by every mu of rice field 1kg consumption, 20 times of composite biological organic fertilizer thin ups that contain biology and fall cadmium element are carried out to foliage spray again.
2. a kind of implantation methods that reduces rice absorbing heavy metal cadmium according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described to contain composite biological organic fertilizer that cadmium element falls in biology be that biology falls cadmium element and mixes in 1:10 ratio with fertilizer, wherein the biological cadmium element that falls is that mixed raw material by following weight portion becomes:
Red pseudomonas 3-5 part, Bacillus acidi lactici 8-10 part, bacillus subtilis 5-6 part, biology enzyme 10-12 part.
3. a kind of implantation methods that reduces rice absorbing heavy metal cadmium according to claim 1, is characterized in that it is that mixed raw material by following weight portion becomes that cadmium element falls in described biology:
4 parts of red pseudomonas, 9 parts of Bacillus acidi lacticis, 5.5 parts of bacillus subtilises, 11 parts of biology enzymes.
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| CN104322335A (en) * | 2014-09-18 | 2015-02-04 | 胡爱生 | Method for planting cadmium-reduction and selenium-increase rice, selenium-enriched rice and selenium-enriched bran |
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| CN105191715A (en) * | 2015-08-12 | 2015-12-30 | 中国科学院武汉植物园 | Method for reducing cadmium content of rice grains in cadmium-polluted rice field by using cadmium-resisting microorganisms |
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| CN109485504A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-03-19 | 佛山市铁人环保科技有限公司 | A kind of foliar fertilizer and preparation method thereof obstructing Metal uptake |
| CN111019666A (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2020-04-17 | 湖南科技大学 | Modifier and preparation method thereof and method for blocking heavy metal absorption of crops |
| CN113016532A (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2021-06-25 | 临沂市农业科学院 | Rice cultivation method capable of effectively reducing cadmium content of rice |
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| CN113424750A (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2021-09-24 | 湖北师范大学 | Planting method for reducing cadmium content of rice |
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| CN106508540A (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2017-03-22 | 安徽农业大学 | Method for producing rice with low cadmium content in cadmium contaminated soil |
| CN109122143A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2019-01-04 | 国家地质实验测试中心 | A kind of technique in the micro- geochemistry barrier technique repairing heavy metal pollution rice transplanting rice cultivation field of root system |
| CN109302964A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-02-05 | 湖南袁禾农业科技有限公司 | Cadmium rice and its implantation methods drop |
| CN109485504A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-03-19 | 佛山市铁人环保科技有限公司 | A kind of foliar fertilizer and preparation method thereof obstructing Metal uptake |
| CN111019666A (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2020-04-17 | 湖南科技大学 | Modifier and preparation method thereof and method for blocking heavy metal absorption of crops |
| CN113016532A (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2021-06-25 | 临沂市农业科学院 | Rice cultivation method capable of effectively reducing cadmium content of rice |
| CN113133396A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-07-20 | 扬州大学 | Method for reducing cadmium content in rice |
| CN113424750A (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2021-09-24 | 湖北师范大学 | Planting method for reducing cadmium content of rice |
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