CN103688020A - Formation testing in managed pressure drilling - Google Patents
Formation testing in managed pressure drilling Download PDFInfo
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- CN103688020A CN103688020A CN201180072236.0A CN201180072236A CN103688020A CN 103688020 A CN103688020 A CN 103688020A CN 201180072236 A CN201180072236 A CN 201180072236A CN 103688020 A CN103688020 A CN 103688020A
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 80
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 241001672694 Citrus reticulata Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 abstract description 27
- 230000004941 influx Effects 0.000 abstract 4
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 9
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- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
- E21B49/08—Obtaining fluid samples or testing fluids, in boreholes or wells
- E21B49/087—Well testing, e.g. testing for reservoir productivity or formation parameters
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/08—Controlling or monitoring pressure or flow of drilling fluid, e.g. automatic filling of boreholes, automatic control of bottom pressure
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/08—Controlling or monitoring pressure or flow of drilling fluid, e.g. automatic filling of boreholes, automatic control of bottom pressure
- E21B21/085—Underbalanced techniques, i.e. where borehole fluid pressure is below formation pressure
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
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Abstract
A method of testing an earth formation can include incrementally opening a choke while drilling into the formation is ceased, thereby reducing pressure in a wellbore, and detecting an influx into the wellbore due to the reducing pressure in the wellbore. Another method of testing an earth formation can include drilling into the formation, with an annulus between a drill string and a wellbore being pressure isolated from atmosphere, then incrementally opening a choke while drilling is ceased, thereby reducing pressure in the wellbore, detecting an influx into the wellbore due to the reducing pressure in the wellbore, and determining approximate formation pore pressure as pressure in the wellbore when the influx is detected. Drilling fluid may or may not flow through the drill string when the influx is detected. A downhole pressure sensor can be used to verify pressure in the wellbore.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates generally in conjunction with drillng operation equipment used and performed operation, in embodiment as herein described, specifically, provides the test to stratum in pressure controlled probing.
Background technology
Pressure controlled probing is well-known technology, and it utilizes closed ring cavity in probing, accurately to control the pressure of base apertures with regulating the device of pressure in ring cavity.The control device that ring cavity rotates by utilization in drilling process (RCD, also referred to as the control head of rotation or the preventer of rotation) and normally cutting out, the control device of this rotation seals around drilling pipe when it rotates.
Therefore, will recognize that, it advantageously can test stratum in the drilling operation process of stress management.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 can implement the well system of the principle of the invention and the representational view of method.
Fig. 2 can be used for the pressure of well system and method and the representative block diagram of flow control system.
Fig. 3 is the representative flow diagram of the method for formation testing, and the method can be implemented principle of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the representative flow diagram of another kind of method for testing strata.
The specific embodiment
Be presented at typically in Fig. 1 is well system 10 and the correlation technique that can implement the principle of the invention.In system 10, by the drill bit 14 on rotation drilling tool group 16 ends, drill out pit shaft 12.Drilling fluid 18 is commonly referred to as mud, it cycles through drill set 16 downwards, flow out drill bit 14 and upwards flow through the ring cavity 20 being formed between drill set and pit shaft 12, to cooling drill bit, lubricated drill set, remove smear metal and provide the pressure controlled measurement of base apertures.One way valve 21(is generally Flapper type flap valve) prevent that drilling fluid 18 from for example upwards flowing through drill set 16(, in drill set, formation connects).
To being very important in the drilling operation of the pressure controlled probing of being controlled at of base apertures pressure and other types.Preferably, base apertures pressure is accurately controlled, preventing that too much fluid is lost in pit shaft 12 stratum 82 around, less desirable stratum breaking, formation fluid flow in pit shaft etc. undesirably.
In typical pressure controlled probing, require base apertures pressure to remain on the pore pressure that is just slightly larger than stratum, be no more than the fracture pressure on stratum.In the relatively little situation of nargin between pore pressure and fracture pressure, this technology is useful especially.
In typical drilled underbalanced, require base apertures pressure to remain on and be slightly less than pore pressure, obtain thus the controlled flow that fluid flows into from stratum.
In traditional overbalance probing, require base apertures pressure to remain on and be slightly larger than pore pressure, prevent that thus (or at least alleviating) fluid from flowing into from stratum mobile.In overbalance probing, ring cavity 20 can lead to ground atmosphere, and by adjusting the density of drilling fluid 18, controls wellbore pressure in drilling process.
The fluid that nitrogen or other gas or other weight are lighter can add in drilling fluid 18, to carry out pressure control.For example, in underbalance drilling operation, this technology is useful.
In system 10, the control device 22(RCD rotating by use) for example close ring cavity 20(, isolated ring cavity is communicated with atmospheric, and ring cavity can be pressurized to or subaerial pressure) just can obtain the additional control to base apertures pressure.The drill set 16 that RCD22 is sealed in well head 24 tops around.Although not shown in Figure 1, drill set 16 can extend upward by RCD22, for example, to be connected to turntable (not shown), standpipe pipeline 26, kelly bar (not shown), top-drive device and/or other traditional drilling equipments.
Drilling fluid 18 flows out outside well head 24 by wing guided valve 28, and this wing guided valve is communicated with the ring cavity 20 of RCD22 below.Then drilling fluid 18 flow through mud return line 30,73, flows to chokes collector 32, and this collector comprises that the choke 34(of redundancy once only can be used one of them).The flow that flows through a choke of working in redundancy choke 34 by limit fluid 18 changeably, is applied to ring cavity 20 by back pressure.
Larger to flowing through the stream quantitative limitation of choke 34 of work, the back pressure that is applied to ring cavity 20 is just larger.Therefore, by change, be applied to the back pressure of ring cavity 20, just can regulate easily down-hole pressure (for example, the pressure of pit shaft 12 bottoms, the pressure of the pressure at down-hole casing place, specific stratum or location etc.).Can use hydraulic model (will more completely describe hereinafter) to determine place, ground or the subaerial pressure that is applied to ring cavity 20, this will cause desired down-hole pressure, like this, operator's (or automatic control system) can easily determine how to be adjusted in place, ground or to approach the pressure (can record easily) that ground is applied to ring cavity, to obtain the down-hole pressure of requirement.
Be applied to the pressure of ring cavity 20 can be by various pressure sensors 36,38,40 at ground place or approach place, ground and record, each sensor is communicated with ring cavity.Pressure sensor 36 is surveyed RCD22 below but at the pressure of preventer (BOP) group 42 tops.Pressure sensor 38 is surveyed the well head internal pressure that BOP organizes 42 belows.Pressure in the mud return line 30,73 of pressure sensor 40 detection chokes collector device 32 upstream ends.
The pressure that another pressure sensor 44 is surveyed in standpipe pipeline 26.Also have another pressure sensor 46 to survey chokes collector device 32 downstream parts but at the pressure of eliminator 48, vibrator 50 and mud sump 52 upstreams.Additional sensor comprises: temperature pick up 54,56, coriolis flowmeter 58, and flow meter 62,64,66.
These sensors are also not all necessary.For example, system 10 can only comprise two in three flow meters 62,64,66.Yet, in drilling operation process, determine while should apply what kind of pressure to ring cavity 20, from the input of all sensors that supply, for hydraulic model, be useful.
If necessary, also can use the sensor of other types.For example, flow meter 58 is unnecessary must be coriolis flowmeter, because the flow meter of turbine flowmeter, sonic flowmeter or other types also may be utilized.
In addition, for example, drill set 16 can comprise the sensor 60 of himself, in order to direct measuring well downforce.So sensor 60 can be type known by the technical staff in the art, such as with boring pressure measurement type (PWD), measurement while drilling type (MWD) and/or well logging during (LWD).These drill set sensing systems at least provide pressure measxurement conventionally, and the characteristic (such as weight, stick-slip characteristic etc. on vibration, drill bit) that temperature survey, detection drill set also can be provided detects, formation characteristics (such as resistance, density etc.), and/or other measurement.Various forms of wired or wireless telemetries (sound, pressure pulse, electromagnetism etc.) can be used to the measured value of downhole sensor to be sent on ground.For example, circuit (such as circuit, light path, fluid pressure line etc.) can be set in the wall of drill set 16, to be communicated with power, data, instruction, pressure, flow etc.
If necessary, additional sensor can be able to be included in system 10.For example, another flow meter 67 can be used to measure to flow out the flow of the fluid 18 of well head 24, and another coriolis flowmeter (not shown) can be directly interconnected to the upstream of stand slush pump 68 or downstream etc.
If necessary, can in system 10, comprise less sensor.For example, by stroke rather than use traffic meter 62 or any other the flow meter of meter-pump, can determine the output of stand slush pump 68.
Be to be noted that eliminator 48 can be the eliminator of 3 or 4 phases, or gas-mud separater (being sometimes called " shallow formula degasser ").Yet eliminator 48 not necessarily will be used in system 10.
Drilling fluid 18 is pumped through standpipe pipeline 26 and flows into drill set 16 inside by means of stand slush pump 68.Pump 68 is accepted fluid 18 and is made it through standpipe collector 70, flow into standpipe 26 from mud sump 52.Then fluid cycles through drill set 16 downwards, upwards, by ring cavity 20, by mud return line 30,73, by chokes collector device 32, then by eliminator 48 and vibrator 50, flows to mud sump 52, to deal with and recycling.
It should be noted that, in system 10 as described above, choke 34 can not be used for controlling and be applied to ring cavity 20 in order to the back pressure of control well downforce, except nonfluid 18 flows through this choke.In traditional overbalance drilling operation, for example, for example, as long as (connect in the interior formation of drill set 16, along with pit shaft 12 more bores darker, add the drilling pipe of another segment length to drill set), the shortage of fluid 18 flows will occur, and the shortage of this circulation need to only regulate the pressure of down-hole by fluid 18 density.
Yet, in system 10, even if fluid does not cycle through the rear ring cavity 20 of drill set 16, in drill set, form and connect simultaneously, also can keep fluid 18 by the flow of choke 34.Therefore,, even if do not use separated back pressure pump, also can the flow by choke 34 pressure be applied to ring cavity 20 by limit fluid 18.Yet, in other examples, can use back pressure pump (not shown) that pressure is fed to ring cavity 20, meanwhile, if necessary, fluid 18 does not cycle through drill set 16.
In the example of Fig. 1, when not cycling through drill set 16 and ring cavity 20, fluid 18 (for example, in drill set, do not form while connecting), and fluid flows to chokes collector device 32 from pump 68 through by-pass line 72,75.Therefore, fluid 18 can bypass by standpipe pipeline 26, drill set 16 and ring cavity 20, and can directly from pump 68, flow to mud return line 30, this can keep and being communicated with of ring cavity 20.By choke 34, limit this flow and will cause the pressure (for example,, in typical pressure controlled probing) that is applied to ring cavity 20 thus.
As shown in Figure 1, by-pass line 75 and mud return line 30 are communicated with ring cavity 20 by single pipeline 73.Yet by-pass line 75 and mud return line 30 can be separately connected to well head 24, for example, use additional wing guided valve (for example, being positioned at RCD22 below) to connect, in this case, each pipeline 30,75 can directly be communicated with ring cavity 20.
Although this may require to add some pipeline at stand position, to the effect on inner-ring gas pressure by substantially identical with the effect that by-pass line 75 and mud return line 30 are connected in common line 73.Therefore, should be realized that, can use the various structure of system 10 parts, and can not depart from principle of the present invention.
The flow of the adjustable fluid 18 by by- pass line 72,75 of flow control device 74 of choke or other types.Pipeline 72 is in the upstream of bypass flow control device 74, and pipeline 75 is the downstreams at bypass flow control device.
Because the flow of fluid 18 by each standpipe and by- pass line 26,72 is useful determining how base apertures pressure is subject in the impact of these flows, so flow meter 64,66 is illustrated as in these pipelines and interconnects in Fig. 1.Yet, even use traffic meter 62,64 only also can determine by the flow of standpipe pipeline 26, even and use traffic meter 62,66 only also can determine by the flow of by-pass line 72.Therefore, should be understood that, for system 10 needn't comprise shown in Fig. 1 and literary composition described in all the sensors, system can comprise combination that additional sensor, sensor are different and/or type etc.
In another useful feature of system 10, can use bypass flow control device 78, to form to connect, fill standpipe pipeline 26 and drill set 16 afterwards in drill set, and before opening flow control device 76, the pressure between balance standpipe pipeline and mud return line 30,73.Otherwise, before standpipe pipeline 26 and drill set 16 use fluids 18 are filled and are pressurizeed, throwing open of flow control device 76 (for example can cause the interior less desirable pressure transient of ring cavity 20, because the flow flowing in choke collector 32 temporarily loses, meanwhile, fluid filling etc. for standpipe pipeline and drill set).
By open standpipe bypass flow control device 78 after being connected to form, can allow fluid 18 to fill standpipe pipeline 26 and drill set 16, meanwhile, most fluid continues to flow through by-pass line 72 substantially, thus, can continue controlledly pressure to be applied to ring cavity 20.Pressure in standpipe pipeline 26 with mud return line 30,73 and by-pass line 75 in pressure balance after, can open flow control device 76, then, can close flow control device 74, lentamente the fluid of more ratios 18 is redirect to standpipe pipeline 26 from by-pass line 72.
Before the interior formation of drill set 16 connects, can carry out similar process, difference is to carry out conversely, little by little flowing of fluid 18 redirect to by-pass line 72 from standpipe pipeline 26, to prepare adding drill set 16 to by more drilling pipe.That is, flow control device 74 can little by little be opened, and lentamente the fluid of more ratios 18 is redirect to by-pass line 72 from standpipe pipeline 26, then, can close flow control device 76.
It should be noted that, flow control device 76,78 for example can be integrated into single flow control device 81(, single choke, it can little by little be opened and after drill pipe sub-connection forms, fill lentamente and pressurize standpipe pipeline 26 and drill set 16, then, fully open and allow in drilling process, there is maximum flow).Yet, because typical tradition probing stand is equipped with flow control device 76, this flow control device is the form of the valve in standpipe collector 70, and the use of standpipe valve brings in useful probing practice, and the flow control device 76,78 that therefore can operate is individually first-selected at present.
Fig. 2 illustrate typically can coupling system 10 pressure that use and the relevant method of flow control system 90 and Fig. 1.Control system 90 is preferably completely automatic, but also can adopt some manual intervention, for example, and to prevent inappropriate operation, to start some program, undated parameter etc.
At the interior use hydraulic model 92 of control system 90, to determine on ground or near the desired inner-ring gas pressure on ground, thereby meet the requirements of down-hole pressure.In carrying out this definite process, hydraulic model 92 is used the data such as the well information (such as geothermic gradient and pore pressure gradient etc.) of geometry, fluid behaviour and the biasing of well, and real-time detection is by the data of data acquisition and control interface 94 acquisitions.
Therefore, between hydraulic model 92 and data acquisition and control interface 94, there are continuous data and information bidirectional transmission.Importantly to recognize, operating data collection and control interface 94 keep the continuous real-time stream substantially from sensor 44,54,66,62,64,60,58,46,36,38,40,56,67 to hydraulic model 92, so, hydraulic model has and is suitable for changing environment and upgrades the required information of desired inner-ring gas pressure, and this hydraulic model operates substantially supplies required inner-ring gas pressure numerical value to data acquisition and control interface continuously.
For the suitable hydraulic model of control system 90 hydraulic models 92 be Halliburton Energy Serv Inc. by Texas, USA Houston city provide real-time fluid power (REAL TIME HYDRAULICS(TM)).Another suitable hydraulic model is with trade (brand) name IRIS(TM) provide, also have the SINTEF company in the Trondheim city of another Shi You Norway to provide.Any suitable hydraulic model can be used in control system 90, and is consistent with principle of the present invention.
The SENTRY(TM producing with the suitable data acquisition and control interface Shi You Halliburton Energy Serv Inc. of the data acquisition and control interface 94 in action control system 90) and INSITE(TM).Any suitable data acquisition and control interface can be used in control system 90, and is consistent with principle of the present invention.
Realize in the following manner maintaining set point pressure: the inner-ring gas pressure that compares set point pressure and record (pressure of surveying such as the sensor 36,38,40 by any), if the pressure recording is greater than set point pressure, reduce by the flow resistance of choke 34, if the pressure recording is less than set point pressure, increase the flow resistance by choke.Certainly, if the pressure of set point pressure and measurement is identical, do not need to adjust choke 34.This process is preferably automatic, like this, does not need artificial intervention, but if necessary, also can adopt manual intervention.
Now, in addition with reference to Fig. 4, the method 100 of formation testing 82 is presented in flow chart form typically.The method 100 can be implemented in conjunction with above-mentioned well system 10, or can implement together with other well systems.Therefore, method 100 be not limited to described in literary composition and figure shown in any details of well system 10.
In step 102, method 100 starts when drilling.In well system 10, drilling fluid 18 cycles through drill set 16 and ring cavity 20, and drill bit 14 is rotating simultaneously.Unnecessaryly in drilling process allow whole drill set 16 rotate continuously, because probing motor or MTR (not shown) can be used to make bit, and do not rotate whole drill set.
When drilling, ring cavity 20 completely cuts off with the atmospheric sealing on ground by rotating control assembly 22.Certainly, if drill set 16 is not rotated in drilling process, ring cavity 20 can be with sealing as lower device, and this device does not rotate with drill set.
In step 104, stop the probing to stratum 82.Preferably drill bit 14 is carried away and do not contacted with stratum 82, make drill bit not be cut into stratum.The status condition of ring cavity 20 pressure (for example, as the pressure of sensor 36,38,40 measurements) of for example, locating such as drill set moment of torsion, pit shaft 12 pressure (, as the pressure of downhole sensor 60 measurements), ground etc., now can measure with use for referencial use.
In step 106, stop fluid 18 by the circulation of drill set 16.Stop circulation removing because fluid 18 is by the mobile caused friction pressure of ring cavity 20 from wellbore pressure.Therefore, stop circulation and can cause that pressure less in pit shaft 12 reduces.
For example, if sensor 60 by wireless telemetry technique for example (, remote measurement sound or electromagnetism) or wired connection (for example, by electricity, optics etc. cable be communicated to ground) communicate with ground, in whole method 100, can obtain the measured value of wellbore pressure.If for the measurement communication from sensor 60 to ground, the circulation of fluid 18 is necessary, after circulation recovers, (seeing step 116) can obtain measured value.
In step 108, the flow of ring cavity 20 is flowed out in monitoring, and in step 110, choke 34 is incrementally opened.As discussed above, when fluid 18 cycles through drill set 16 and ring cavity 20, further open the reducing of back pressure that choke 34 will cause being applied to ring cavity, thus, reduce the pressure in pit shaft 12.Yet, when fluid 18 circulation time not, incrementally open choke 34 and will cause pit shaft 12 internal pressures with rate reduction faster.
In step 112, after incrementally opening choke 34, check to flow out the flow of pit shaft 12, see whether flow is greater than the caused flow that reduces due to pit shaft internal pressure only.If not, choke 34 is further incrementally opened (that is, method 100 turns back to step 108,110).
If flow out the flow of pit shaft 12, be greater than because pit shaft internal pressure reduces caused flow (hydraulic model 92 can determine when this situation occurs), this represents that the 82 inflow streams 84 that flow into the formation fluid in pit shaft have occurred from stratum.This inflow stream 84 will occur when pit shaft 12 internal pressures are approximately equal to or are slightly less than the pore pressure in stratum 82.Therefore, by surveying, when there is to flow into stream 84, and determine what kind of the pressure of pit shaft 12 when flowing into stream occurs is, just can determine formation void pressure roughly.
In step 114, determine pore pressure.If sensor 60 flows into stream and communicates with ground detecting, can directly measure in real time the pressure in pit shaft 12 at 84 o'clock.When inflow stream 84 occurs, the pore pressure on stratum 82 is identical with pit shaft 12 internal pressures approx.
If sensor 60 detect flow into stream 84 o'clock not with ground communication (for example, if measurement value sensor is transferred to ground with mud-pulse telemetry art), can in step 116, recover circulation time acquisition measurement value sensor.Alternatively or additionally, the hydrostatic pressure that the static fluid column of for example, in the pressure (measured by sensor 36,38,40) at place, ground can add to due to ring cavity fluid 18 of ring cavity 20 causes.This summation equals the pore pressure on stratum 82 approx.
In step 116, recover fluid 18 by the circulation of drill set 16 and ring cavity 20.If can not obtain measurement value sensor after step 106, pit shaft 12 pressure measuring values can be used mud-pulse telemetry art to obtain from the sensor 60 of this point.
In step 118, use the measured value obtaining from downhole sensor 60 to carry out pore pressure definite verification step 114.Pore pressure can calculate in density of base area surface pressure measured value, drilling fluid 18 before etc.Yet any so pore pressure calculates preferably and verifies with actual pit shaft 12 pressure measuring values that the downhole sensor 60 near stratum 82 obtains in step 118.Certainly, if measure pit shaft 12 pressure and determine pore pressure with downhole sensor 60, can not implement verification step 118.
In step 120, recover probing.Drill bit 14 is rotated again, and drill set 16 is cut into downwards in stratum 82.Because the pore pressure on stratum 82 is now measured, so, can control more accurately the pressure in pit shaft 12 with respect to pore pressure, to reach the target (reduce formation damage, reduce fluid loss etc.) of pressure controlled probing.More be preferably, the biasing well data that depend on pore pressure gradient are predicted the pore pressure in stratum 82.
The another kind of pattern of method 100 is presented in Fig. 4 typically.In this pattern, fluid 18 continues by the circulation of the rear ring cavity 20 of drill set 16, and meanwhile, choke 34 is incrementally opened and definite pore pressure.Therefore, the step 106 and 116 in Fig. 3 pattern is not used in Fig. 4 of the method 100 pattern.
In addition, replace the step 108 of the flow of monitoring outflow pit shaft 12 when choke 34 is incrementally opened, the method for Fig. 4 comprises step 22, and wherein, monitoring flows into and flow out the flow of pit shaft.Flow meter 66 can be used to the flow that monitoring flows into pit shaft 12, and flow meter 58 can be used to the flow that pit shaft is flowed out in monitoring.
In addition, replace determining whether the flow that flows out pit shaft 12 is greater than the step 112 due to the flow causing by choke step-down, and the method 100 of Fig. 4 comprises step 124, wherein, determine whether the flow that flows out pit shaft is greater than the flow that flows into pit shaft.If flow out the flow of pit shaft 12, be greater than the flow that flows into pit shaft, this represents that inflow stream 84 is occurring.
If flow out the flow of pit shaft 12, be not more than the flow that flows into pit shaft, flow into stream 84 and do not occurring, and choke 34 incrementally opened again.These steps repeat, until detect, flow into stream 84.
Pore pressure in stratum 82 will equal approx or be slightly larger than the pressure in the pit shaft 12 when flowing into stream 84 and occurring.Sensor 60 can be used to measure in real time pit shaft 12 internal pressures.Because fluid 18 continues to flow through drill set 16 and ring cavity 20, so, if necessary, can use mud-pulse telemetry art, so that pressure and other measurement value sensors are sent to ground.
Alternatively or additionally, the hydrostatic pressure that the static fluid column of ring cavity 20 fluid 18 in the pressure (for example,, as measured by sensor 36,38,40) at ground place adds to due to ring cavity can be caused and flowing through due to fluid in the caused friction pressure of ring cavity.This summation equals the pore pressure on stratum 82 approx.
Now can fully recognize, the present invention provides significant progress to stratum measuring technology.In some example described above, stratum 82 can be tested effectively in conjunction with pressure controlled probing.In addition,, in some example described above, the pore pressure on stratum 82 can easily be determined.
The invention more than disclosing provides the method 100 of formation testing 82 to the industry.The method 100 can comprise incrementally opens choke 34, meanwhile, stops being drilled into the probing in stratum 82, reduces thus the pressure in pit shaft 12.Flowing into inflow stream 84(in pit shaft 12 causes because of the pressure decreased in pit shaft 12) be detected.
The method 100 also can comprise with the pressure at least one the pressure sensor 60 checking pit shaft 12 in pit shaft 12.
The method 100 stops drilling fluid 18 by the circulation of drill set 16 before can being included in and incrementally opening choke 34.The method also can comprise: recovering drilling fluid 18 by after the circulation of drill set 16, with the pressure at least one the pressure sensor 60 checking pit shaft 12 in pit shaft 12.
Incrementally opening choke 34 carries out repeatedly conventionally.When detecting while flowing into stream 84, can stop incrementally opening choke 34.
Detection flows becomes a mandarin 84 can comprise how survey fluid 18 flows out outside pit shaft 12, and/or surveys the flow flowing out outside pit shaft 12 and when be greater than the flow that flows into the fluid 18 in pit shaft 12.
The method 100 can comprise: detecting inflow stream 84 o'clock, determine approximate stratum 82 pore pressures, as pit shaft 12 internal pressures.Determine that approximate stratum 82 pore pressures can comprise interior pressure and the summation of the hydrostatic pressure in pit shaft 20 that approaches place, ground of ring cavity 20, or, determine that approximate stratum 82 pore pressures can comprise to the interior pressure that approaches ground place of ring cavity 20 and pit shaft 20 inner fluid static pressure and because fluid is sued for peace by pit shaft the produced friction pressure that circulates.
The method 100 also can comprise: before incrementally opening choke 34, be drilled in stratum 82, make ring cavity 20 pressure and atmospheric pressure between drill set 16 and pit shaft 12 isolated.
Also described above be the method 100 of formation testing 82, the method can comprise: be drilled in stratum 82, make ring cavity 20 pressure between drill set 16 and pit shaft 12 and atmospheric pressure isolated; Stop drilling fluid 18 by the circulation of drill set 16; Detection is due to the inflow stream 84 stopping in the caused inflow pit shaft 12 of reduction of circulation time pit shaft 12 internal pressures; And detecting inflow stream 84 o'clock, determine approximate stratum 82 pore pressures, as pit shaft 12 internal pressures.
The method 100 of formation testing 82 has also been described in the invention more than disclosing, and the method can comprise: be drilled in stratum 82, make ring cavity 20 pressure and atmospheric pressure between drill set 16 and pit shaft 12 isolated; Then, incrementally open choke 34, stop probing simultaneously, reduce thus the pressure in pit shaft 12; Detection is because pit shaft 12 internal pressures reduce the inflow stream 84 in caused inflow pit shaft 12; And detecting inflow stream 84 o'clock, determine approximate stratum 82 pore pressures, as pit shaft 12 internal pressures.
Although above pressure probing the other side method 100 in conjunction with pit shaft 12 management is described, but will recognize that, the method can be implemented in conjunction with other drilling methods, all other drilling methods that are included in this way place, ground or make ring cavity 20 and surface air pressure isolated (for example, using control device 22 or other ring packings of rotation) near place, ground.For example, method 100 can be used in combination with drilled underbalanced, any drilling operation of pressurizeing in the face of ring cavity 20 on ground in drilling process etc.
Should be understood that, various embodiments of the invention as described herein can and be used in various structure on such as the various directions such as that tilt, inverted, level, vertical, and can not depart from principle of the present invention.The embodiments described herein is only the useful example of the application principle of the invention, and the present invention is not limited to any specific details of these embodiment.
Above to the description of representative example in, directional terminology (such as " more than ", " below ", " on ", D score etc.) be used for for simplicity using with reference to accompanying drawing.In general, " more than ", " on ", " making progress " and similarly term refer to the direction towards ground along pit shaft, and " below ", D score, " downwards " and similarly term refer to deviate from along pit shaft the direction on ground, and without pipe well cylinder direction be level, vertical, tilt, deflection etc.Yet, should be expressly understood that, the scope of the invention is not limited to any special direction described in literary composition.
Certainly, in the art technician more than thinking over the present invention to after the description of exemplary embodiment, will readily recognize that and can make many modifications, interpolation, substitute, delete and other changes these specific embodiments, and so change and all according to the principle of the invention, conceive.Therefore, above detailed description should be clearly understood that only in order to illustrate, to provide, and is as an example, and the spirit and scope of the present invention are only limited by attached claims and its equivalent.
Claims (30)
1. a method for formation testing, the method comprises:
Incrementally open choke, stop entering the probing in stratum simultaneously, thus, reduce the pressure in pit shaft; And
Detection is due to the inflow stream of the caused inflow pit shaft of reduction of pit shaft internal pressure.
2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises with at least one pressure sensor in pit shaft and verifies the pressure in pit shaft.
3. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises: before incrementally opening choke, stop drilling fluid through the circulation of drill set.
4. method as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, also comprises: recovering drilling fluid after the circulation of drill set, with at least one pressure sensor in pit shaft, verify the pressure in pit shaft.
5. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, implements incrementally to open in multiple times choke.
6. method as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, when detecting inflow stream, stops incrementally opening choke.
7. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, detection flows becomes a mandarin and comprises: survey fluid and how to flow out outside pit shaft.
8. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, detection flows becomes a mandarin and comprises: survey the fluid flow flowing out outside pit shaft and when be greater than the fluid flow flowing in pit shaft.
9. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises: when detecting inflow stream, determine approximate formation void pressure, as the pressure in pit shaft.
10. method as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that, determines that approximate formation void pressure comprises: pressure and the hydrostatic pressure in pit shaft near place, ground in ring cavity sued for peace.
11. methods as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that, determine that approximate formation void pressure comprises: in ring cavity near the pressure at ground place and the hydrostatic pressure in pit shaft and because the caused friction pressure of the Fluid Circulation by pit shaft is sued for peace.
12. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprise: before incrementally opening choke, be drilled in stratum, and make inner-ring gas pressure and atmospheric pressure between drill set and pit shaft isolated.
The method of 13. 1 kinds of formation testings, the method comprises:
Be drilled in stratum, and make inner-ring gas pressure and atmospheric pressure between drill set and pit shaft isolated;
Stop drilling fluid through the circulation of drill set;
When stopping circulation, survey the inflow stream due to the caused inflow pit shaft of the pressure decreased in pit shaft; And
When detecting inflow stream, determine approximate formation void pressure, as the pressure in pit shaft.
14. methods as claimed in claim 13, is characterized in that, also comprise: after stopping circulation and before detecting inflow stream, incrementally open choke, reduce thus the pressure in pit shaft.
15. methods as claimed in claim 14, is characterized in that, implement incrementally to open in multiple times choke.
16. methods as claimed in claim 15, is characterized in that, when detecting inflow stream, stop incrementally opening choke.
17. methods as claimed in claim 13, is characterized in that, also comprise: recovering drilling fluid after the circulation of drill set, with at least one pressure sensor in pit shaft, verify the pressure in pit shaft.
18. methods as claimed in claim 13, is characterized in that, also comprise: with at least one pressure sensor in pit shaft, verify the pressure in pit shaft.
19. methods as claimed in claim 13, is characterized in that, detection flows becomes a mandarin and comprises: survey fluid and how to flow out outside pit shaft.
20. methods as claimed in claim 13, is characterized in that, determine that approximate formation void pressure comprises: pressure and the hydrostatic pressure in pit shaft near place, ground in ring cavity sued for peace.
The method of 21. 1 kinds of formation testings, the method comprises:
Be drilled in stratum, and make inner-ring gas pressure and atmospheric pressure between drill set and pit shaft isolated;
Then, incrementally open choke, stop probing simultaneously, thus, reduce the pressure in pit shaft;
Detection is due to the inflow stream of the caused inflow pit shaft of the pressure decreased in pit shaft; And
When detecting inflow stream, determine approximate formation void pressure, as the pressure in pit shaft.
22. methods as claimed in claim 21, is characterized in that, also comprise: with at least one pressure sensor in pit shaft, verify the pressure in pit shaft.
23. methods as claimed in claim 21, is characterized in that, also comprise: before incrementally opening choke, stop drilling fluid through the circulation of drill set.
24. methods as claimed in claim 23, is characterized in that, also comprise: recovering drilling fluid after the circulation of drill set, with at least one pressure sensor in pit shaft, verify the pressure in pit shaft.
25. methods as claimed in claim 21, is characterized in that, implement incrementally to open in multiple times choke.
26. methods as claimed in claim 25, is characterized in that, when detecting inflow stream, stop incrementally opening choke.
27. methods as claimed in claim 21, is characterized in that, detection flows becomes a mandarin and comprises: survey fluid and how to flow out outside pit shaft.
28. methods as claimed in claim 21, is characterized in that, detection flows becomes a mandarin and comprises: survey the fluid flow flowing out outside pit shaft and when be greater than the fluid flow flowing in pit shaft.
29. methods as claimed in claim 21, is characterized in that, determine that approximate formation void pressure comprises: pressure and the hydrostatic pressure in pit shaft near place, ground in ring cavity sued for peace.
30. methods as claimed in claim 21, is characterized in that, determine that approximate formation void pressure comprises: in ring cavity near the pressure at ground place with the hydrostatic pressure in pit shaft and because fluid is sued for peace through the caused friction pressure of circulation of pit shaft.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US2011/043750 WO2013009305A1 (en) | 2011-07-12 | 2011-07-12 | Formation testing in managed pressure drilling |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103688020A true CN103688020A (en) | 2014-03-26 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201180072236.0A Pending CN103688020A (en) | 2011-07-12 | 2011-07-12 | Formation testing in managed pressure drilling |
Country Status (7)
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| EP (1) | EP2732130B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN103688020A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR112014000553B8 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2841125C (en) |
| MX (1) | MX353095B (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2585780C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2013009305A1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2248544A1 (en) | 2009-05-05 | 2010-11-10 | ECP Entwicklungsgesellschaft mbH | Fluid pump with variable circumference, particularly for medical use |
| US10184305B2 (en) | 2014-05-07 | 2019-01-22 | Halliburton Enery Services, Inc. | Elastic pipe control with managed pressure drilling |
| CN110965941A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-04-07 | 西南石油大学 | Geological guiding drilling test tool and use method |
| CN114922614A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-08-19 | 西南石油大学 | Formation pressure monitoring method under pressure control drilling working condition |
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2011
- 2011-07-12 BR BR112014000553A patent/BR112014000553B8/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2011-07-12 MX MX2014000417A patent/MX353095B/en active IP Right Grant
- 2011-07-12 WO PCT/US2011/043750 patent/WO2013009305A1/en active Application Filing
- 2011-07-12 CN CN201180072236.0A patent/CN103688020A/en active Pending
- 2011-07-12 RU RU2014104013/03A patent/RU2585780C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2011-07-12 CA CA2841125A patent/CA2841125C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-07-12 EP EP11869316.7A patent/EP2732130B1/en active Active
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2841125A1 (en) | 2013-01-17 |
| RU2585780C2 (en) | 2016-06-10 |
| CA2841125C (en) | 2016-06-07 |
| EP2732130B1 (en) | 2018-05-02 |
| MX2014000417A (en) | 2014-02-27 |
| EP2732130A4 (en) | 2015-09-30 |
| MX353095B (en) | 2017-12-19 |
| BR112014000553B1 (en) | 2020-08-11 |
| BR112014000553A2 (en) | 2017-02-14 |
| EP2732130A1 (en) | 2014-05-21 |
| WO2013009305A1 (en) | 2013-01-17 |
| BR112014000553B8 (en) | 2021-02-17 |
| RU2014104013A (en) | 2015-08-20 |
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