CN103687044A - Data transmission method and equipment - Google Patents
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- CN103687044A CN103687044A CN201210318738.3A CN201210318738A CN103687044A CN 103687044 A CN103687044 A CN 103687044A CN 201210318738 A CN201210318738 A CN 201210318738A CN 103687044 A CN103687044 A CN 103687044A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a data transmission method and equipment, and relates to a WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) technology. The method comprises the following steps: in the WLAN, an access point (AP) dynamically allocates uplink timeslot and/or downlink timeslot used for data transmission for each STA according to data transmission demands and sends the timeslot information to the corresponding STA; for the uplink timeslot, the AP receives uplink data frames from the corresponding STA when the AP allocates the uplink timeslot to the STA; for the downlink timeslot, the AP sends downlink data frames to the corresponding STA when the AP allocates the downlink timeslot to the STA. The method and the equipment achieve uplink and downlink scheduling, solve the problems of user collision and hidden nodes, ensure the data transmission efficiency, and reduce power consumption and interference among users.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to WLAN (wireless local area network) WLAN technology, particularly the method and apparatus of transfer of data in a kind of WLAN.
Background technology
Along with coming from being widely used of 802.11 standard WLAN, its networking covering aspect, also from original simple office or family lan, the scene that user is relatively less, develop at present large-scale carrier class operation, application scenarios is also progressively diffused as the user compact districts such as conference and exhibition center, stadiums, transport hub and airport colleges and universities.In the face of the large-scale network-estabilishing demand of carrier class operation, also there is a process of constantly updating and optimizing in original 802.11 technology.
In 802.11MAC, use specific carrier sense and multichannel access/collision avoidance technique (CSMA/CA) mechanism to be called as distributed coordination function (DCF), DCF provides a kind of distributed, channel access function based on competition.Website is without centralized telegon or moderator, but obtains channel access by competition.This mechanism is very efficient, and between website, has distributed liberally bandwidth enlivening.But under the scale of carrier class operation, due to increasing of number of users, when inevitably having a plurality of user data, transmission causes the generation of collision, thereby the reduction greatly that brings efficiency of transmission.In addition owing to there being sightless concealed nodes between user, the generation of the user data transmission that can cause too collision.
802.11 standards have further been introduced point coordination function (PCF) on the basis of DCF, the point telegon that is arranged in AP when using PCF is set up the uncontended periods (CFP) of one-period, in uncontended periods to the uncontested access of wireless medium by a coordinator coordinates.During CFP, adopt the mode of poll to carry out the transmission of data.The limitation of PCF mechanism is likely communicating by letter of PCF and DCF all to be caused to delay; In the CFP cycle, adopt the scheme to all user's polls, the problem that can cause efficiency of transmission to reduce simultaneously.
The wireless Mesh netword of WLAN is a kind of and traditional diverse network of wireless network.In traditional wireless access technology, mainly adopt point-to-point or point-to-multipoint topological structure.In this topological structure, generally all there is a Centroid, the access point (AP) in 802.11 WLAN (wireless local area network) (WLAN).Centroid is connected by single hop wireless link with each wireless terminal, controls the access of each wireless terminal to wireless network; , by wire link, be connected with wired backbone again meanwhile, be provided to the connection of backbone network.And in wireless Mesh netword, adopt netted Mesh topological structure, be that a kind of multiple spot is to multipoint network topological.In this Mesh network configuration, each network node, by adjacent other network nodes, is connected in wireless multi-hop mode.Mesh media access coordination function assemblies (MMACFC) are responsible for the scheduling that between effective contention access and multi-hop node, Packet Generation receives.Mesh node need to, with other Mesh nodes coordinating to solve the problem of competition and shared wireless medium, guarantee that the packet of this point itself and other nodes is by effective forwarding of multi-hop.See intuitively, MMACFC can work in multi-hop Mesh network efficiently.But there is the problem that needs solution in MMACFC equally: scheduling of channel work access etc. between hidden terminal problem, the effective scheduling on multi-hop forward-path, Mesh node.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of data transmission method and equipment, realize up-downgoing scheduling, and when guaranteeing efficiency of transmission, solved the problem of user's collision and concealed nodes, can reduce the interference between power consumption and user.
According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of data transmission method providing comprises:
In WLAN (wireless local area network) WLAN, access point AP is that each site STA dynamic assignment is used for transmitting ascending time slot and/or the descending time slot of data according to transfer of data demand, and described gap information is sent to corresponding STA;
For ascending time slot, the ascending time slot that AP distributes to STA at it receives the uplink data frames from corresponding STA;
For descending time slot, the descending time slot that AP distributes to STA at it sends downlink data frame to corresponding STA.
Preferably, by sending beacon frame to STA, AP is sent to corresponding STA by described ascending time slot and/or descending time slot information.
Preferably, AP receives described uplink data frames demodulation in the data transmission period of ascending time slot, when described uplink data frames demodulation is correct, obtain wherein for the STA transfer of data demand information of time slot allocation next time, and in the time, to STA, send upstream data ACK frame in the feedback transmission of described ascending time slot.
Preferably, when described uplink data frames demodulation mistake, AP determines that STA exists STA transfer of data demand.
Preferably, AP sends downlink data frame to corresponding STA in the data transmission period of descending time slot, and in the feedback transmission of described descending time slot, in the time, receive downlink data ACK frame the demodulation that described STA responds, obtain wherein for the STA transfer of data demand information of time slot allocation next time.
Preferably, also comprise:
The association request that AP initiates according to STA, for STA distributes STA user index information, and is sent to STA by the association response frame of carrying described STA user index information, so that by STA user index information association AP and corresponding STA.
According to a further aspect in the invention, a kind of data transmission set providing comprises:
Time slot allocating unit, at WLAN (wireless local area network) WLAN, is that each site STA dynamic assignment is for transmitting ascending time slot and/or the descending time slot of data according to transfer of data demand;
Data receiver unit, receives the uplink data frames from corresponding STA for distribute to the ascending time slot of STA at it;
Data transmission unit, for described ascending time slot and/or descending time slot information are sent to corresponding STA, and the descending time slot of distributing to STA at it sends downlink data frame to corresponding STA.
Preferably, described data transmission unit, by sending beacon frame to STA, is sent to corresponding STA by described ascending time slot and/or descending time slot information.
Preferably, also comprise:
Transmission Requirement Acquisition unit, for obtaining the STA transfer of data demand information of described uplink data frames or obtaining that STA responds described downlink data frame and STA transfer of data demand information in the downlink data ACK frame responded, to carry out time slot allocation next time.
Preferably, also comprise:
Index assignment unit, for the association request of initiating according to STA, for STA user assignment STA user index information, and by data transmission unit, the association response frame of carrying described STA user index information is sent to STA, so that by STA user index information association AP and corresponding STA.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, the present invention can realize up-downgoing scheduled transmission flexibly, avoids transfer of data to occur collision and causes the impact of performance deterioration and the problem of concealed nodes;
2, the present invention adopts fixing transmission time slot, and the time slot that user need to be only its dynamic assignment at AP carries out transfer of data, and contention access mechanism greatly reduces the power consumption of system and the interference between user relatively;
3, the present invention is applied to, in the Mesh network of WLAN, can effectively improve the efficiency of Mesh system.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the data transmission method flow chart that the embodiment of the present invention provides;
Fig. 2 is that the Beacon frame that the embodiment of the present invention provides sends cycle schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the time slot allocation graph of a relation of the data transmission period that provides of the embodiment of the present invention in the cycle;
Fig. 4 is user's transmission time slot allocation field schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present invention provides;
Fig. 5 is the AP end process chart that the embodiment of the present invention provides;
Fig. 6 is the STA end process chart that the embodiment of the present invention provides;
Fig. 7 is user's transmission time slot allocation field the first example that the embodiment of the present invention provides;
Fig. 8 is user's transmission time slot allocation field the second example that the embodiment of the present invention provides;
Fig. 9 is the data transmission set block diagram that the embodiment of the present invention provides.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail, should be appreciated that following illustrated preferred embodiment, only for description and interpretation the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Fig. 1 is the data transmission method flow chart that the embodiment of the present invention provides, and as shown in Figure 1, comprising:
Step 101, in WLAN (wireless local area network) WLAN, access point AP for each site STA dynamic assignment is for transmitting ascending time slot and/or the descending time slot of data, and is sent to corresponding STA by described gap information according to transfer of data demand.
AP, by sending beacon frame to STA, is sent to corresponding STA by described ascending time slot and/or descending time slot information.Described beacon frame (being Beacon frame) carries out periodicity according to beacon interval TBTT and sends, data transmission period cycle T, as shown in Figure 2.Wherein, a transfer of data period of time T, is fixed and is divided into N time slot, and transmission time slot TS also Further Division is data transmission period T1, two SIFS intervals and feedback transmission time T 2, as shown in Figure 3.Newly-increased " distribution of user's transmission time slot " field of expansion in Beacon frame, this field is distributed transfer of data time slot, the STA user of the concrete transmission of each time slot in N time slot and the up-downlink direction of this slot transmission are defined, concrete indication information as shown in Figure 4.AP can, according to the transfer of data demand of up-downlink direction, define the up-downgoing transmission direction of time slot flexibly.
AP receives described uplink data frames demodulation in the data transmission period of ascending time slot.When described uplink data frames demodulation is correct, obtain wherein for the STA transfer of data demand information of time slot allocation next time, and in the time, to STA, send upstream data ACK frame in the feedback transmission of described ascending time slot.When described uplink data frames demodulation mistake, AP determines that STA exists STA transfer of data demand, but to STA, does not send upstream data ACK frame.
AP sends downlink data frame to corresponding STA in the data transmission period of descending time slot, and in the feedback transmission of described descending time slot, in the time, receive downlink data ACK frame the demodulation that described STA responds, obtain wherein for the STA transfer of data demand information of time slot allocation next time.
STA expands newly-increased " transfer of data demand " field in the described uplink data frames of AP transmission, and this field is set to 1, the demand data that sign STA uploads in addition, and this field is set to 0, and STA is without uploading demand data for sign.Newly-increased " transfer of data demand " field of expansion in the downlink data ACK frame that STA responds to AP, this field is set to 1, the demand data that sign STA uploads in addition, this field is set to 0, and STA is without uploading demand data for sign.That is to say, described " transfer of data demand " field can be carried at normal STA in the Frame of AP transmission, also can in the ACK frame of AP feedback, carry at STA.
Fig. 5 is the AP end process chart that the embodiment of the present invention provides, and as shown in Figure 5, step comprises:
1, the STA transfer of data demand that AP reports according to each STA, and the AP end AP transfer of data demand whether oriented STA issues, distribute the uplink and downlink timeslot for transfer of data, " distribution of user's transmission time slot " field carried out to assignment.
2, AP sends Beacon frame, has carried " distribution of user's transmission time slot " field information in this Frame.
3, AP starts slot timing device.
4, AP obtains the user profile value of work at present time slot allocation.
5, AP judges whether work at present time slot is uplink, if it is continues to carry out, otherwise goes to step 10.
6, AP receives the uplink data frames that STA sends in data transmission period T1, and obtains indication information " transfer of data demand " the field whether STA carrying in this Frame need to send Frame.
7, after AP finishes receiving, judge that whether uplink data frames demodulation is correct, if correctly, continue to carry out, otherwise go to step 9.
8, interior to STA feeding back uplink data ACK frame in feedback transmission time T 2, complete the transmission of this secondary data, and go to step 12.
9, upstream data demodulation mistake, feeding back uplink data ACK frame not, and " transfer of data demand " field assignment that STA is reported is 1, and goes to step 12.
10, AP sends downlink data frame to STA in data transmission period T1.
11, AP, at the downlink data ACK frame of the interior reception of feedback transmission time T 2 STA feedback, completes this transfer of data after completing.
12, the value of slot timing device is upgraded, and has judged whether the transmission of whole time slots, if it is returns to step 1, otherwise goes to step 4.
Fig. 6 is the STA end process chart that the embodiment of the present invention provides, and as shown in Figure 6, step comprises:
1, STA user receives after Beacon frame, carries out data demodulates, obtains the information that comprises " distribution of user's transmission time slot " field that Beacon frame carries.
2, whether judgement has at this TBTT the transmission time slot of distributing to STA user in the cycle, if had, continues to carry out, otherwise goes to step 14.
3, STA starts slot timing device.
4, judge whether current time slots is the working time slot that AP distributes to this user, if it is continue to carry out, otherwise go to step 12.
5, judge whether the working time slot that AP distributes to this user is ascending time slot, if it is continue to carry out, otherwise go to step 9.
6, whether STA also exists data to be sent to carry out assignment to " transfer of data demand " field according to data buffer after this transmission.
7, STA sends to AP the uplink data frames that fixed data transmission duration is T1, has also carried " transfer of data demand " field in this Frame.
8, STA receives in the feedback transmission of ascending time slot the upstream data ACK frame that AP responds in the time, completes this data transfer, and goes to step 13.
9, STA receives the downlink data frame that AP issues in the data transmission period of descending time slot.
Whether 10, STA completes after the reception of downlink data frame, according to uploading data buffer, exist data to be sent to carry out assignment to " transfer of data demand " field.
11, STA the feedback transmission of descending time slot in the time to AP feeding back downlink data ACK frame, in this ACK frame, carried STA " transfer of data demand " field information, after being sent completely, complete this data transfer, go to step 13.
12, STA keeps silent status when non-user job time slot, does not receive and send data.
13, the value of slot timing device is upgraded, and goes to step 4.
14, STA keeps silent status at the TBTT of non-user job in the cycle, does not receive and send data, starts to receive Beacon frame when the next TBTT cycle arrives, and returns to step 1.
Fig. 7 is user's transmission time slot allocation field the first example that the embodiment of the present invention provides, AP end time slot allocation process as shown in Figure 7, it is 4 that timeslot number N is set, current online association STA number of users is 4, user 1 and user 2 have the upper transfer of data demand of sending out, and user 3 and user 4 have AP to issue demand data.
1, the STA transfer of data demand that AP end reports according to each STA, and the AP end AP transfer of data demand whether oriented STA issues, distribute working time slot.
2, time slot 1 is distributed to user 1, and this time slot is set to ascending time slot; Time slot 2 is distributed to user 2, and this time slot is set to ascending time slot; Time slot 3 is distributed to user 3, and this time slot is set to descending time slot; Time slot 4 is distributed to user 4, and this time slot is set to descending time slot; Specifically " distribution of user's transmission time slot " field configuration as shown in Figure 7.
3, AP end carries " distribution of user's transmission time slot " field and sends in Beacon frame.
Fig. 8 is user's transmission time slot allocation field the second example that the embodiment of the present invention provides, AP end time slot allocation process as shown in Figure 8, it is 4 that timeslot number N is set, current online association STA number of users is 2, and user 1 and user 2 all have STA to STA, to issue the demand of data to AP uploading data demand and AP.
1, the STA transfer of data demand that AP end reports according to each STA, and the AP end AP transfer of data demand whether oriented STA issues, distribute time slot.
2, time slot 1 is distributed to user 1, and this time slot is set to ascending time slot; Time slot 2 is distributed to user 1, and this time slot is set to descending time slot; Time slot 3 is distributed to user 2, and this time slot is set to ascending time slot; Time slot 4 is distributed to user 2, and this time slot is set to descending time slot; Specifically " distribution of user's transmission time slot " field configuration as shown in Figure 8.
3, AP end carries " distribution of user's transmission time slot " field and sends in Beacon frame.
The current online association STA user described in Fig. 7 and two example explanations of Fig. 8, refer to that STA user obtains the user of user index sign by STA association process.Wherein, described STA association process comprises:
1, STA user initiates associated request to AP.
2, AP gives the unique STA user index information of this STA user assignment.
3, AP carries the STA user index information that AP distributes to STA user in association response frame, and to STA user feedback associated response.
4, STA receives after association response frame, obtains the STA user index information that AP distributes, and completes association process.
AP is to newly-increased " indication of STA user index " field of association response frame expansion of STA feedback, and this field is that the user index of distributing to STA user by AP identifies, and it is all unique identifications that each STA user's index is indicated.
Fig. 9 is the data transmission set block diagram that the embodiment of the present invention provides, and as shown in Figure 9, comprising:
Time slot allocating unit, at WLAN (wireless local area network) WLAN, is that each site STA dynamic assignment is for transmitting ascending time slot and/or the descending time slot of data according to transfer of data demand;
Data receiver unit, receives the uplink data frames from corresponding STA for distribute to the ascending time slot of STA at it;
Data transmission unit, for described ascending time slot and/or descending time slot information are sent to corresponding STA, and the descending time slot of distributing to STA at it sends downlink data frame to corresponding STA;
Transmission Requirement Acquisition unit, for obtaining the STA transfer of data demand information of described uplink data frames or obtaining that STA responds described downlink data frame and STA transfer of data demand information in the downlink data ACK frame responded, to carry out time slot allocation next time;
Index assignment unit, for the association request of initiating according to STA, for STA user assignment STA user index information, and by data transmission unit, the association response frame of carrying described STA user index information is sent to STA, so that by STA user index information association AP and corresponding STA;
Wherein, described data transmission unit, by sending beacon frame to STA, is sent to corresponding STA by described ascending time slot and/or descending time slot information.
The STA user index information distribution process of described equipment is as follows:
Described index assignment unit receives the associated request of STA Client-initiated via described data receiver unit, according to described associated request, for the unique STA user index information of this STA user assignment, and described STA user index information is arranged in association response frame, via described data transmission unit, be sent to STA user, so that STA receives after association response frame, obtain the STA user index information that AP distributes, complete association process.
The data transmission and processing process of described equipment is as follows:
Each STA transfer of data demand that the time slot allocating unit of AP obtains according to transmission Requirement Acquisition unit, and the AP end AP transfer of data demand whether oriented STA issues, transmission time slot is specifically distributed, this assignment information sends via data transmission unit in beacon Beacon frame, for STA user, according to the information of the Beacon frame receiving, obtain the up-downgoing definition of data sending time slots information separately and this slot transmission.
AP transmits downlink data frame distributing on STA user's descending time slot, STA receive after this downlink data frame corresponding feedback transmission in the time to AP feeding back downlink data ACK frame, and whether STA basis has demand data to be sent, in described downlink data ACK frame, carry " transfer of data demand " field, AP needs to carry out according to this indication information user's allocation schedule on the dispatching distribution of upper once Beacon frame.
STA transmits uplink data frames distributing on STA user's ascending time slot, AP receive after this uplink data frames corresponding feedback transmission in the time to STA feeding back uplink data ACK frame; STA, according to whether having demand data to be sent, carries " transfer of data demand " field in the upstream data ACK frame of transmission, and AP needs to carry out according to this indication information user's allocation schedule on the dispatching distribution of upper once Beacon frame.
Although above the present invention is had been described in detail, the invention is not restricted to this, those skilled in the art of the present technique can carry out various modifications according to principle of the present invention.Therefore, all modifications of doing according to the principle of the invention, all should be understood to fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a data transmission method, is characterized in that, comprising:
In WLAN (wireless local area network) WLAN, access point AP is that each site STA dynamic assignment is used for transmitting ascending time slot and/or the descending time slot of data according to transfer of data demand, and described gap information is sent to corresponding STA;
For ascending time slot, the ascending time slot that AP distributes to STA at it receives the uplink data frames from corresponding STA;
For descending time slot, the descending time slot that AP distributes to STA at it sends downlink data frame to corresponding STA.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, by sending beacon frame to STA, AP is sent to corresponding STA by described ascending time slot and/or descending time slot information.
3. method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, AP receives described uplink data frames demodulation in the data transmission period of ascending time slot, when described uplink data frames demodulation is correct, obtain wherein for the STA transfer of data demand information of time slot allocation next time, and in the time, to STA, send upstream data ACK frame in the feedback transmission of described ascending time slot.
4. method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, when described uplink data frames demodulation mistake, AP determines that STA exists STA transfer of data demand.
5. method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, AP sends downlink data frame to corresponding STA in the data transmission period of descending time slot, and in the feedback transmission of described descending time slot, in the time, receive downlink data ACK frame the demodulation that described STA responds, obtain wherein for the STA transfer of data demand information of time slot allocation next time.
6. according to the method described in claim 1-5 any one, it is characterized in that, also comprise:
The association request that AP initiates according to STA, for STA distributes STA user index information, and is sent to STA by the association response frame of carrying described STA user index information, so that by STA user index information association AP and corresponding STA.
7. a data transmission set, is characterized in that, comprising:
Time slot allocating unit, at WLAN (wireless local area network) WLAN, is that each site STA dynamic assignment is for transmitting ascending time slot and/or the descending time slot of data according to transfer of data demand;
Data receiver unit, receives the uplink data frames from corresponding STA for distribute to the ascending time slot of STA at it;
Data transmission unit, for described ascending time slot and/or descending time slot information are sent to corresponding STA, and the descending time slot of distributing to STA at it sends downlink data frame to corresponding STA.
8. equipment according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described data transmission unit, by sending beacon frame to STA, is sent to corresponding STA by described ascending time slot and/or descending time slot information.
9. equipment according to claim 7, is characterized in that, also comprises:
Transmission Requirement Acquisition unit, for obtaining the STA transfer of data demand information of described uplink data frames or obtaining that STA responds described downlink data frame and STA transfer of data demand information in the downlink data ACK frame responded, to carry out time slot allocation next time.
10. according to the equipment described in claim 7-9 any one, it is characterized in that, also comprise:
Index assignment unit, for the association request of initiating according to STA, for STA user assignment STA user index information, and by data transmission unit, the association response frame of carrying described STA user index information is sent to STA, so that by STA user index information association AP and corresponding STA.
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