CN103684535A - Mode switching module and mode switching method - Google Patents
Mode switching module and mode switching method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103684535A CN103684535A CN201210348955.7A CN201210348955A CN103684535A CN 103684535 A CN103684535 A CN 103684535A CN 201210348955 A CN201210348955 A CN 201210348955A CN 103684535 A CN103684535 A CN 103684535A
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a mode switching module which is used for switching a near-field communication component between a sleep mode and a communication mode. The mode switching module comprises a resonance circuit driver, an environment detector and a finite-state machine, wherein the resonance circuit driver is used for driving a resonance circuit to generate an oscillation signal; the environment detector is used for detecting the degree of influence, on the oscillation signal, of the environment; the finite-state machine judges whether the near-field communication component is needed to be switched from the sleep mode to the communication mode according to the degree of influence, on the oscillation signal, of the environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is relevant to near-field communication (near-field communication, NFC) element and relevant control method, espespecially about NFC element in each operator scheme switching controls, to reach power saving object.
Background technology
NFC applies mechanically REID (radio-frequency identification, RFID), is a kind of practical touch that do not need, as long as the distance perspective several centimeters of left and right should, just can allow two devices intercourse the technology of data once.Take two kinds of standards of FeliCa of the Mifare that promoted by independent grace intelligence Pu (NXP), Philip and Sony at present as large, be mainly used in traffic and financial unit.
Current NFC technology is the formulation that industrial organization is led that is called NFC technical forum (NFC Forum) by.NFC has formulated technical forum many operator schemes of NFC element, includes: a card reader pattern (reader/writer mode), a point-to-point communication pattern (peer-to-peer mode) and a label mode (card-emulation mode).When NFC element operation is during in card reader pattern, this NFC element, just as General N FC card reader, can, to a traditional NFC label, read or data writing.When operating in point-to-point communication pattern, two NFC elements can be intercoursed data.For instance, two NFC elements can be shared bluetooth (Bluetooth) or WiFi setup parameter or can exchange digital photo etc.When operating in label mode, this NFC element is for an extraneous card reader, just as a traditional NFC label.Label mode is relatively commonly used in wireless ticketing service or charging system.Certainly, except above three patterns, NFC element also may operate in the wireless communications mode of other agreements, depending on the desired function having of NFC element.
Along with the extensive use of NFC, NFC technology also starts to be moved formula device (similarly being mobile phone or personal digital assistant (personal digital assistant) etc.) and adopts, and brings user and is convenient to use experience.For instance, adopt the wisdom mobile phone (hereinafter referred to as NFC mobile phone) of NFC technology, can operate in label mode, with wireless mode, carry out petit average; Can operate in card reader pattern, read intelligent placard (smart poster) with advertising message; Can operate in ad hoc mode, with another wisdom mobile phone, share photo wherein.
In NFC operator scheme, card reader pattern and ad hoc mode are to belong to the very operation of consuming electric power, the more not power consumption that label mode is relative.Switching operation modes how, for the stand-by time of wheeled apparatus, very large of impact.
A kind of method that operator scheme is switched is manual type.For instance, allow a NFC mobile phone rest in label mode at ordinary times always.When user selects in this NFC mobile phone specific application, this NFC mobile phone just enters card reader pattern or ad hoc mode.Although this method power saving, for user, suitable inconvenience.
Another kind is to adopt poll (polling) mode.For instance, a NFC mobile phone roughly rests in label mode, is periodically but automatically enters momently card reader pattern.Like this, in the time of before a user approaches and rest on an intelligent placard with this NFC mobile phone, this NFC mobile phone just can read the message in this intelligent placard automatically.Although it is convenient in operation,, while operating in card reader pattern, suitable considerable of electric weight that NFC mobile phone consumes, may be up to 50 milliamperes (mA) at every turn.This stand-by time for wheeled apparatus, still has sizable lethality.
Therefore, choosing and switching of operator scheme, is the problem that people in the industry is making great efforts research, and object is to improve user's convenience, and the stand-by time that can extend wheeled apparatus simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
Embodiments of the invention have disclosed a kind of mode switch module, be applied to switch a near field communications element between a sleep pattern and a communication pattern, this mode switch module includes: a resonant circuit driver, in order to drive a resonant circuit to produce an oscillator signal; One environmental detector, in order to detect this oscillator signal degree affected by environment; And a finite state machine, according to this oscillator signal degree affected by environment, judge whether this near field communications element to switch to this communication pattern from this sleep pattern.
A kind of mode switching method of the another announcement of embodiments of the invention, is applied to switch a near field communications element between a sleep pattern and a communication pattern, and the method includes: make this near field communications element enter this sleep pattern; Drive a resonant circuit, to produce an oscillator signal; Detect this oscillator signal degree affected by environment; And according to this oscillator signal degree affected by environment, this near field communications element is switched to this communication pattern from this sleep pattern.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 shows the NFC element according to the embodiment of institute of the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows the variation of the operator scheme of the NFC element 10 in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 shows a frequency of oscillation detector.
Fig. 4 shows a signal strength detector.
Fig. 5 shows an electromagnetic field sensor.
Fig. 6 shows recorded data in a register.
Main element symbol description
10 NFC elements
12 NFC chipsets
14 ring Shape antennas
16 mode switch module
18 Power Management Unit
20 controllers
22 transceivers
24 reversers
26 registers
28 environmental detectors
30 finite state machines
32 electric capacity
34 frequency of oscillation detectors
36 signal strength detectors
38 electromagnetic field sensor
49 with reference to clock pulse generator
50 counters
52 shift registors
54 comparators
56,58 electric capacity
60 analog-digital converters
62 comparators
64 resistance
C
f-CURcount results
C
f-INIinitial value
Field-indicator electromagnetic field index
Freq-indicator Frequency Index
Level-indicator intensity index
S
refreference signal
S
rfoscillator signal
V
field-thresholdcritical value
V
level-CURdigital value
V
level-INIinitial value
V
rf+, V
rf--oscillator signal
Embodiment
Fig. 1 shows the NFC element 10 according to the embodiment of institute of the present invention, can be installed in a NFC mobile phone.But the present invention is not limited to be used in NFC mobile phone, the present invention goes for any NFC device.
When operate in defined three operator schemes in NFC technical forum one of them time, Power Management Unit 18 is powered controller 20 and transceiver 22, and transceiver 22 drives ring Shape antennas 14.See through ring Shape antenna 14, controller 20 can be followed another extraneous NFC element, transmits or receive NFC signal.Therefore, defined three operator schemes in following general term NFC technical forum, are three communication patterns.
Except can operating in general communication pattern, the NFC element 10 in Fig. 1 can also operate in a sleep pattern (sleep mode).When sleep pattern, mode switch module 16 is powered and is working, but sees through the control of Power Management Unit 18, and controller 20 and transceiver 22 are not powered substantially, so NFC element 10 does not transmit or receive NFC signal.Generally speaking, in sleep pattern, the transceiver 22 and the controller 20 that relatively consume electric energy are equal to power-off, only have mode switch module 16 to see through ring Shape antenna 14, supervise extraneous variation.Therefore, in sleep pattern, power saving that will be suitable.In mode switch module 16, there is a reverser 24, a register 26, an environmental detector 28 and a finite state machine (finite state machine, FSM) 30.
From Fig. 1, can find, ring Shape antenna 14 and two electric capacity 32 can form a resonant circuit.When sleep pattern, reverser 24 can drive this resonant circuit as a resonant circuit driver, produces oscillator signal.
When sleep pattern, environmental detector 28 sees through the oscillator signal degree affected by environment detecting on this resonant circuit, judges whether the residing environment of NFC element 10 changes to some extent.For instance, when NFC element 10 is during near another NFC element, because the change of the inductance value of loop aerial 14, the oscillator signal on resonant circuit will change to some extent.Once this changes enough greatly, environmental detector 28 is just sent corresponding signal, makes finite state machine 30 depart from sleep pattern.
In sleep pattern, reverser 24 drives loop aerial 14 with electric capacity 32, thereby produces oscillator signal S
rf, V
rf+with V
rftime, the frequency of these oscillator signals approximately all can equal 1/sqr (LC), and wherein, sqr is for opening radical sign, and L is the inductance value of loop aerial 14, and C is the equivalent capacitance value in resonant circuit.
When the not variation of environment of NFC element 10, for instance, when NFC element 10 does not have to be close to other NFC element, the inductance value of ring Shape antenna 14 is approximately a definite value.Suppose because stable vibration, now oscillator signal S
rffrequency of oscillation f
rfapproximate greatly the frequency f that begins together
ini; Oscillator signal V
rf+with V
rf-amplitude A
rf+with A
rf-be approximately initial amplitude A
ini.
When the NFC element 10 in sleep pattern is close to an extraneous NFC label, because the appearance of another loop aerial (belonging to extraneous NFC label), so the inductance value of loop aerial 14 has played variation, the frequency of oscillator signal or the change of amplitude that have caused resonant circuit to produce.For instance, frequency of oscillation detector 34 checks oscillator signal S
rffrequency of oscillation f
rfwhether follow an initial frequency f
inithere is a quite poor different; And signal strength detector 36 detection oscillator signal V
rf+with V
rf-amplitude A
rf+with A
rf-with an initial amplitude A
iniwhether there is a quite poor different.If frequency of oscillation detector 34 or signal strength detector 36 have been found frequency of oscillation f
rf, or amplitude A
rf+with A
rf-there is suitable variation, frequency of oscillation detector 34 or signal strength detector 36 can be respectively with Frequency Index Freq-indicator or intensity index Level-indicator, notice finite state machine 30, makes it depart from sleep pattern, wakes transceiver 22 and controller 20 up.
When a NFC element 10 contiguous extraneous NFC card reader, NFC element 10 can enter the powerful electromagnetic field that the NFC of this external world card reader is set up.Because electromagnetic induction, so the oscillator signal V that loop aerial 14 produces
rf+with V
rf-ordered about and oscillation on large scale by this powerful electromagnetic field.Electromagnetic field sensor 38 detection oscillator signal V
rf+with V
rf-amplitude whether surpass a default critical amplitudes.If surpassed, mean the appearance of depositing that has powerful electromagnetic field, electromagnetic field sensor 38 use electromagnetic field index Field-indicator, notice finite state machine 30, makes it depart from sleep pattern, wakes transceiver 22 and controller 20 up.
If electromagnetic field sensor 38 detects the appearance of powerful electromagnetic field, because the existence of powerful electromagnetic field roughly can prove the appearance of an extraneous NFC card reader, so 10 of NFC elements depart from sleep pattern, enter label mode; Now, the testing result that can ignore frequency of oscillation detector 34 or signal strength detector 36.If depart from sleep pattern, be because frequency of oscillation detector 34 or signal strength detector 36 cause, and electromagnetic field sensor 38 does not detect powerful magnetic field, near roughly can assert, there is material to affect the inductance value of loop aerial 14, so 10 of NFC elements depart from sleep pattern, enter card reader pattern.
Fig. 2 shows the variation of the operator scheme in NFC element 10.Electromagnetic field index Field-indicator, compared with Frequency Index Freq-indicator and intensity index Level-indicator, has higher priority, can make NFC element 10 depart from sleep pattern, enters label mode.And Frequency Index Freq-indicator or intensity index Level-indicator can make 10 of NFC elements depart from sleep pattern, enter card reader pattern.When in label mode or card reader pattern, if NFC element 10 finds that there is one period of considerable time while being the situation in dull (idle), just enter sleep pattern.For instance, when label mode, whether controller 20 can disappear identification powerful electromagnetic field, judges whether in dull; When card reader pattern, when controller 20 is found not have NFC signal to pass over from loop aerial 14, judge whether in dull.
Fig. 3 shows a frequency of oscillation detector 34, and it includes one with reference to clock pulse generator 49, a counter 50, a shift registor (shift register) 52 and one comparator 54.Oscillator signal S
rfclock pulse input as counter 50.With reference to clock pulse generator 49 periodically with reference signal S
refthe output of replacement (reset) counter 50, makes zero it.52 of shift registors remembered counter 50 at each the count results C with reference to the clock pulse cycle
f-CUR.Count results C
f-CURcorresponding oscillator signal S instantly
rffrequency of oscillation f
rf.Comparator 54 is relatively seen count results C
f-CURwhether follow an initial value C
f-INIthere is quite poor different.To explain after a while initial value C
f-INIcan be the count results C while just having entered sleep pattern at the beginning
f-CURso, be exactly a corresponding initial frequency f
ini.If difference is enough large, Frequency Index Freq-indicator is in logic " 1 ", otherwise it is in logic " 0 ".
Fig. 4 display intensity detector 36. Electric capacity 56 and 58 will record individually oscillator signal V
rf+with V
rf--amplitude.Higher value in both will convert digital value V to through analog-digital converter 60
level-CUR.Comparator 62 check dight value V
level-CURwhether follow an initial value V
level-INIthere is quite poor different.To explain after a while initial value V
level-INIcan be the digital value V while just having entered sleep pattern at the beginning
level-CUR.So, digital value V
level-CURthat corresponding is oscillator signal V
rf+with V
rf-amplitude A instantly
rf+with A
rf-in higher that, initial value V
level-INIthat corresponding is oscillator signal V
rf+with V
rf-an initial amplitude A
ini.As digital value V
level-CURwith initial value V
level-INIbetween difference enough large, meaned oscillator signal V
rf+with V
rf--amplitude have quite poor different when entering sleep pattern at the beginning, intensity index Level-indicator is in logic " 1 ", otherwise it is in logic " 0 ".
Fig. 5 shows electromagnetic field sensor 38.Compared to the signal strength detector 36 in Fig. 4, electromagnetic field sensor more than 38 resistance 64.Being familiar with the art person can know by inference, and the operation of electromagnetic field sensor 38 and function class are similar to signal strength detector 36, but can be suitable for to detect as oscillator signal V
rf+with V
rf--the state of Amplitude Comparison when high.Briefly, when electromagnetic field index Field-indicator is in logic " 1 " time, oscillator signal V
rf+with V
rf--amplitude exceeded critical value V
field-thresholda corresponding critical amplitudes; Otherwise, oscillator signal V
rf+with V
rf--amplitude lower than this critical amplitudes.The initial amplitude A that this critical amplitudes should will compare higher than signal strength detector 36
ini.
In other embodiments, signal strength detector 36 can adopt with the complete different circuit of electromagnetic field sensor 38.
Fig. 6 shows recorded data in register 26, includes Frequency Index Freq-indicator, intensity index Level-indicator, electromagnetic field index Field-indicator, initial value C
f-INI, and initial value V
level-INI.Register 26 can be that general memory or flip-flop (flip flop) forms.
Referring to Fig. 6, Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.When NFC element 10 will enter sleep pattern from a communication pattern, controller 20 and transceiver 22 are all closed, and reverser 24 makes resonant circuit starting oscillation, register 26 record count results C instantly
f-CURwith V
level-CUR, be used as initial value C
f-INIwith initial value V
level-INI, and the Frequency Index Freq-indicator that register 26 is stored, intensity index Level-indicator, all reset to 0 with the logical value of electromagnetic field index Field-indicator.Described in previously, initial value C
f-INIwith initial value V
level-INIwill as after NFC element 10 whether meet the condition judgment that departs from sleep pattern.In sleep pattern, resonant circuit persistent oscillation.The Frequency Index Freq-indicator producing once environmental detector 28, intensity index Level-indicator, with any one transition of electromagnetic field index Field-indicator in logic 1, finite state machine 30 will wake NFC element 10 up, and Power Management Unit 18 is started controller 20 and transceiver 22 power supplies.Meanwhile, register 26 records Frequency Index Freq-indicator, intensity index Level-indicator and electromagnetic field index Field-indicator instantly at once, namely records the reason that NFC element 10 is waken up.The controller 20 being waken up by the Frequency Index Freq-indicator recording depending on register 26, intensity index Level-indicator, with electromagnetic field index Field-indicator, decide and operate in card reader pattern or label mode.Pattern switching law as shown in Figure 2.
When sleep pattern, if electromagnetic field index Field-indicator transition be in logic 1, represent oscillator signal V
rf+with V
rf--amplitude exceeded critical value V
field-thresholdcorresponding critical amplitudes, NFC element 10 will be waken up, and operate in label mode.When sleep pattern, if electromagnetic field index Field-indicator still maintain in logic 0, but Frequency Index Freq-indicator or intensity index Level-indicator transition be in logic 1, the inductance value that represents loop aerial 14 changes to some extent because of the variation of external environment, NFC element 10 will be waken up, and operate in card reader pattern.
According to above explanation, when the NFC element 10 in Fig. 1 does not approach another NFC element, nearly all can maintain in sleep pattern.Via experiment showed, that the power consumption of NFC element 10 in sleep pattern can be higher than 50 micromicroamperes (uA).So, the NFC element 10 of implementing according to the present invention, power saving that will be very.When NFC element 10 approaches a NFC label, will be automatically from sleep pattern, transition is to operating in card reader pattern.When NFC element 10 approaches a NFC card reader, also transition is automatically to operating in label mode.Such automatic mode is switched, and can bring user suitable convenience.
If when operating in a NFC element 10 of sleep pattern and approaching the metal of non-NFC element, NFC element 10 may play variation because of the inductance value of loop aerial 14, so be waken up transition and enter card reader pattern.Just, experience the dull of a period of time, NFC element 10 never has NFC signal by discovery and passes over from loop aerial 14, so NFC will, according to the rule in Fig. 2, enter sleep pattern again.Note that in current sleep pattern the initial value C that register 26 records
f-INI, and initial value V
lEVEL-INI, the initial value of the metal that can be updated to that non-NFC element nearby time.In other words, NFC element 10 can, along with the variation of environment, upgrade initial value C automatically
f-INIand initial value V
lEVEL-INI, the switching condition of adjusting operation pattern adaptively.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, all equalizations of doing according to the present patent application the scope of the claims change and modify, and all should belong to covering scope of the present invention.
Claims (18)
1. a mode switch module, is applied to switch a near field communications element between a sleep pattern and a communication pattern, and this mode switch module includes:
One resonant circuit driver, in order to drive a resonant circuit to produce an oscillator signal;
One environmental detector, in order to detect this oscillator signal degree affected by environment; And
One finite state machine, judges whether this near field communications element to switch to this communication pattern from this sleep pattern according to this oscillator signal degree affected by environment.
2. mode switch module as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, this communication pattern comprises a card reader pattern and a label mode.
3. mode switch module as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, this environmental detector includes:
One signal strength detector, in order to detect an amplitude of this oscillator signal; Wherein, when this amplitude and an initial amplitude difference reach a first threshold, this finite state machine switches to this communication pattern by this near field communications element from this sleep pattern.
4. mode switch module as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, when this amplitude and this initial amplitude difference reach this first threshold, and while not reaching a Second Threshold, this finite state machine switches to this card reader pattern by this near field communications element from this sleep pattern; And when this amplitude and this initial amplitude difference reach this Second Threshold, this finite state machine switches to this label mode by this near field communications element from this sleep pattern.
5. mode switch module as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, this environmental detector also comprises a frequency of oscillation detector, in order to detect a frequency of this oscillator signal;
Wherein when this frequency and an initial frequency difference reach one the 3rd threshold value, and this amplitude and this initial amplitude difference is not while reaching this Second Threshold, and this finite state machine switches to this card reader pattern by this near field communications element from this sleep pattern.
6. mode switch module as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, also includes a register, corresponding this initial amplitude and this initial frequency while entering this sleep pattern in order to record this near field communications element.
7. mode switch module as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, this recorder trace has this near field communications element from this sleep pattern, to switch to the reason of this communication pattern.
8. mode switch module as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, this initial amplitude and this initial frequency are updated along with the variation of this near field communications element place environment.
9. mode switch module as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, when this near field communications element is during in this sleep pattern, closes a receiver and a controller of this near field communications element.
10. a mode switching method, is applied to switch a near field communications element between a sleep pattern and a communication pattern, and the method includes:
Make this near field communications element enter this sleep pattern;
Drive a resonant circuit, to produce an oscillator signal;
Detect this oscillator signal degree affected by environment; And
The degree affected by environment according to this oscillator signal switches to this communication pattern by this near field communications element from this sleep pattern.
11. mode switching methods as claimed in claim 10, is characterized in that, this communication pattern comprises a card reader pattern and a label mode.
12. mode switching methods as claimed in claim 11, is characterized in that, include: a corresponding initial value when recording this near field communications element and entering this sleep pattern; Wherein, this initial value at least comprises an initial frequency and an initial amplitude.
13. mode switching methods as claimed in claim 12, it is characterized in that, include: detect an amplitude of this oscillator signal, when this amplitude and this initial amplitude difference reach a first threshold, this near field communications element is switched to this communication pattern from this sleep pattern.
14. mode switching methods as claimed in claim 13, is characterized in that, include:
When this amplitude and this initial amplitude difference reach this first threshold, and while not reaching a Second Threshold, this near field communications element is switched to this card reader pattern from this sleep pattern; And
When this amplitude and this initial amplitude difference reach this Second Threshold, this near field communications element is switched to this label mode from this sleep pattern.
15. mode switching methods as claimed in claim 14, it is characterized in that, include: a frequency that detects this oscillator signal, when this frequency and this initial frequency difference reach one the 3rd threshold value, and when this amplitude and this initial amplitude difference do not reach this Second Threshold, this near field communications element is switched to this card reader pattern from this sleep pattern.
16. mode switching methods as claimed in claim 15, is characterized in that, also include: record this near field communications element and from this sleep pattern, switch to the reason of this communication pattern.
17. mode switching methods as claimed in claim 15, is characterized in that, this initial value can be updated along with the variation of this near field communications element place environment.
18. mode switching methods as claimed in claim 10, is characterized in that, the step that makes this near field communications element enter this sleep pattern comprises: a receiver and a controller of closing this near field communications element.
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| CN201210348955.7A CN103684535B (en) | 2012-09-19 | 2012-09-19 | Mode switch module and mode switching method |
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| CN201210348955.7A CN103684535B (en) | 2012-09-19 | 2012-09-19 | Mode switch module and mode switching method |
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| CN105517119A (en) * | 2014-09-25 | 2016-04-20 | 中国电信股份有限公司 | Scheduling method and apparatus for NFC working mode, and terminal |
| CN107005282A (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2017-08-01 | Mc10股份有限公司 | The systems, devices and methods activated for electronic installation |
| CN107368764A (en) * | 2016-05-12 | 2017-11-21 | 杜拉汽车***有限公司 | Electromagnetic coupled reader |
| CN111586657A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-25 | Oppo（重庆）智能科技有限公司 | Near field communication method, device, storage medium and mobile terminal |
| CN112949805A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2021-06-11 | 深圳市文鼎创数据科技有限公司 | NFC card equipment power supply method and device, computer equipment and storage medium |
| CN114499588A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2022-05-13 | 意法半导体(鲁塞)公司 | Adjustment of activation time of circuit |
| CN114696875A (en) * | 2022-03-24 | 2022-07-01 | 台达电子企业管理（上海）有限公司 | Wireless communication device and control method thereof |
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| CN114696875A (en) * | 2022-03-24 | 2022-07-01 | 台达电子企业管理（上海）有限公司 | Wireless communication device and control method thereof |
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|---|---|
| CN103684535B (en) | 2015-11-11 |
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