CN103684160A - Self-boosting doubly-salient brushless direct-current power generation system - Google Patents

Self-boosting doubly-salient brushless direct-current power generation system Download PDF

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CN103684160A
CN103684160A CN201310653490.0A CN201310653490A CN103684160A CN 103684160 A CN103684160 A CN 103684160A CN 201310653490 A CN201310653490 A CN 201310653490A CN 103684160 A CN103684160 A CN 103684160A
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generation system
electricity generation
duty ratio
output
excitation winding
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CN103684160B (en
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张卓然
于立
孙莉
严仰光
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Abstract

The invention discloses a self-boosting doubly-salient brushless direct-current power generation system. An armature winding and two excitation windings which are in magnetic coupling mutually are arranged in a doubly-salient motor of the self-boosting doubly-salient brushless direct-current power generation system. The armature winding, a bridge rectifier circuit, the first excitation winding, a diode, a first power switch tube and a capacitor are respectively and sequentially connected, the second excitation winding is sequentially connected with an asymmetrical half-bridge circuit and a direct-current excitation source, an engine detecting and controlling unit is used for detecting the output voltage, the output current and the excitation current of the power generation system and controlling the duty ratio of the asymmetrical half-bridge circuit and the first power switch tube. The invention further discloses a control method of the self-boosting doubly-salient brushless direct-current power generation system. According to the method, under the conditions of the constant rotation speed and the variable rotation speed, the efficiency and the output power of the power generation system are improved through coordination control of the duty ratio between the excitation current and the first power switch tube.

Description

From the dual protruding pole brushless DC electricity generation system of boosting
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of dual protruding pole brushless DC electricity generation system, relate in particular to a kind of dual protruding pole brushless DC electricity generation system of certainly boosting, belong to dual protruding pole brushless DC technical field of power generation.
Background technology
Serial type hybrid automobile is a kind of pure electrically driven (operated) hybrid vehicle that adopts Vehicular direct-current generating set and power accumulator group to form dual power source.Between engine and wheel, there is no machine power coupling, variation and the vehicle wheel rotational speed of engine speed do not have mechanically contact, make engine in the permanent rotating speed operation of best efficiency point, have improved fuel economy, reduce discharge.In parallel hybrid electric vehicle, between engine and wheel, there is mechanical couplings, thereby work under variable speed condition with the coaxial mounted Vehicular direct-current generator of engine.
Vehicular direct-current generator claimed structure is compact, adopts the water circulation type of cooling, and power conversion circuit part is separated with motor body, needs another set of water-cooling system, has increased cost and volume.
Electric excitation biconvex electrode electric machine stator and rotor sructure is simple, on stator, embedding is wound with excitation winding, the external rectification unit of not controlling forms electric excitation biconvex electrode brushless direct current power-generating system, by regulating the exciting current in excitation winding, can facilitate regulation output voltage and electric current, be suitable for the DC power system in hybrid vehicle and aircraft etc., for example patent of invention CN102358198A discloses a kind of electric vehicle mounted power generation system and control method thereof, electricity generation system has been used electric excitation biconvex electrode electric machine and mixed excitation biconvex pole motor T as Vehicular direct-current generator solution, simplified system configuration, reduced system cost.Yet electric excitation biconvex electrode brushless direct current power-generating system needs outside excitation source to provide exciting power for excitation winding, reduced electricity generation system efficiency, in mixed excitation dual protruding pole brushless DC electricity generation system, on mixed excitation biconvex pole motor T stator, need permanent magnetic steel, improved system cost, because permanent magnet has irreversible demagnetization risk in vibration and hot environment, reduced system reliability.
On the other hand, electric excitation biconvex electrode brushless direct current power-generating system output voltage values is clamped on the DC bus that the power accumulator group magnitude of voltage in parallel with it is identical, by adjusting, be arranged on the exciting current in the excitation winding on stator, make electricity generation system export given electric current, meet the power demand of the charging of power accumulator group and rear class drive system, yet the output characteristic of electric excitation biconvex electrode brushless direct current power-generating system is, along with exciting current and rotation speed change, the magnitude of voltage corresponding to maximum power point of electricity generation system output can not keep equating with external d-c bus voltage value always, therefore, rotating speed or exciting current change, electric excitation biconvex electrode brushless direct current power-generating system can not maintain efficient operation always, even be difficult to realize idling generating.
If increase booster circuit in electric excitation biconvex electrode brushless direct current power-generating system rear class, under different exciting electric current or speed conditions, improve electricity generation system output voltage, voltage and busbar voltage that maximum power point is corresponding are consistent, just can utilize in maximum efficiency electric excitation biconvex electrode electric machine, improved system effectiveness, yet booster circuit prime needs large inductance, and large inductance volume weight is larger, is difficult to the system integration, and can causes larger electromagnetic interference.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome the existing deficiency of existing dual protruding pole brushless DC electricity generation system, and a kind of dual protruding pole brushless DC electricity generation system of certainly boosting of high-efficiency compact is provided.
Of the present invention from the dual protruding pole brushless DC electricity generation system of boosting, comprising: double salient-pole electric machine, rectification circuit, DC-DC translation circuit, Generator test control unit, DC excitation source, and an electric capacity, a power switch pipe, a diode; Described double salient-pole electric machine comprises armature winding, and each other magnetic-coupled two cover excitation winding: the first excitation winding, the second excitation winding, the first excitation winding and the second excitation winding have respectively first end and the second end; Described armature winding is connected with the input of rectification circuit, the first end of the first excitation winding is connected with the positive output end of rectification circuit, the second end of the first excitation winding drains with described power switch pipe, the anode of described diode is connected jointly, the negative electrode of described diode is connected jointly with the positive pole of described electric capacity, form from boosting dual protruding pole brushless DC electricity generation system output plus terminal, the negative pole of described electric capacity is connected with the source electrode of described power switch pipe, forms from the dual protruding pole brushless DC electricity generation system output negative terminal that boosts; The positive and negative output in DC excitation source is connected with the positive and negative input of described DC-DC translation circuit respectively, and the positive and negative output of DC-DC translation circuit is connected with first end, second end of the second excitation winding respectively; The first end of the first end of the first excitation winding and the second excitation winding is Same Name of Ends each other; Described Generator test control unit detects output current, the output voltage of the exciting current in the second excitation winding and the dual protruding pole brushless DC electricity generation system of certainly boosting, and according to testing result, DC-DC translation circuit and described power switch pipe is controlled.
Further, described double salient-pole electric machine also comprises cooling devcie of motor; Described rectification circuit, power switch pipe, diode, electric capacity, DC-DC change-over circuit and Generator test control unit are integrated on the end cap of described double salient-pole electric machine, and are undertaken cooling by described cooling devcie of motor.
Further, in described Generator test control unit, prestore the corresponding relation of average anode current set-point and optimum duty ratio, and the corresponding relation of generator speed and optimum duty ratio; When being operated in, electricity generation system determines under rotary speed working pattern, Generator test control unit is according to the corresponding relation of average anode current set-point and optimum duty ratio, determine the corresponding optimum duty ratio of average anode current set-point of current setting, and according to this optimum duty ratio, described power switch pipe is controlled, simultaneously according to the actual DC output current detecting, by controlling described DC-DC translation circuit, adjust the size of exciting current in the second excitation winding, make the average anode current of electricity generation system follow the tracks of average anode current set-point; When electricity generation system generating is operated under variable speed mode of operation, Generator test control unit is according to the corresponding relation of generator speed and optimum duty ratio, determine the corresponding optimum duty ratio of current generator speed, and according to this optimum duty ratio, described power switch pipe is controlled, simultaneously according to the actual DC output current detecting, by controlling described DC-DC translation circuit, adjust the size of exciting current in the second excitation winding, make the average anode current of electricity generation system follow the tracks of average anode current set-point.
Described average anode current set-point is determined by the following method with the corresponding relation of optimum duty ratio: under the electric pressure identical with actual motion and same rotational speed condition, under different output power set-point, duty ratio by Modulating Power switching tube Q1 makes the exciting current in the second cover excitation winding reach minimum value, and the equal tracing preset value of electricity generation system average anode current, and record the duty ratio that makes the described power switch pipe of the exciting current value minimum in the second cover excitation winding under each power output, this duty ratio is the optimum duty ratio under corresponding power output set-point.
Described generator speed is determined by the following method with the corresponding relation of optimum duty ratio: under the electric pressure identical with actual motion and maximum exciting current condition, under different rotating speeds, adjust the duty ratio of described power switch pipe, make that electricity generation system power output reaches under this rotating speed, the maximum of power output under maximum excitation condition, record the duty ratio that makes the power switch pipe of electricity generation system power output maximum under this rotating speed, this duty ratio i.e. the corresponding optimum duty ratio of rotating speed for this reason.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, electric current plays the effect of self-excitation by the first excitation winding, has significantly reduced the exciting power in the second excitation winding, has improved system effectiveness.
2, the first excitation winding is used as large inductance, and embedding is on stator core, and power switch pipe, diode, electric capacity etc. are integrated on electric motor end cap, and compact conformation, is convenient to cooling.
3, different rotating speeds and given output current, by power ratio control switching tube duty ratio, can reduce exciting current, reduces exciting power, improves electricity generation system efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is of the present invention from boosting dual protruding pole brushless DC power generation system structure figure;
Fig. 2 is the winding schematic diagram of double salient-pole electric machine in the dual protruding pole brushless DC electricity generation system of boosting;
Fig. 3 is for to determine under speed conditions, traditional electrical excitation biconvex electrode brushless direct current power-generating system output characteristic curve schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is for to determine under speed conditions, and in the dual protruding pole brushless DC electricity generation system of certainly boosting, exciting current is constant, when power switch pipe duty ratio changes, and electricity generation system output characteristic curve schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is for to determine under speed conditions, when in the dual protruding pole brushless DC electricity generation system of certainly boosting, power switch pipe duty ratio and exciting current change, and electricity generation system output characteristic curve schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 is under different rotating speeds, in identical exciting current situation, and traditional electrical excitation biconvex electrode brushless direct current power-generating system output characteristic curve schematic diagram;
Fig. 7 is under same rotational speed, in identical exciting current situation, and when in the dual protruding pole brushless DC electricity generation system of certainly boosting, power switch pipe duty ratio changes, electricity generation system output characteristic curve schematic diagram;
Fig. 8 is under different rotating speeds, in identical exciting current situation, and when in the dual protruding pole brushless DC electricity generation system of certainly boosting, power switch pipe duty ratio changes, electricity generation system output characteristic curve schematic diagram;
Fig. 9 is for determining the control flow chart of speed conditions from the dual protruding pole brushless DC electricity generation system of boosting;
Figure 10 is the control flow chart from the dual protruding pole brushless DC electricity generation system variable speed condition of boosting.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, technical scheme of the present invention is elaborated:
Fig. 1 has shown the structural representation of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in dotted line frame, is wherein the dual protruding pole brushless DC electricity generation system of certainly boosting of the present invention.In the present embodiment, DC-DC change-over circuit adopts asymmetry half-bridge circuit, and rectification circuit adopts not control rectifying circuit of bridge-type, and DC excitation source adopts storage battery.As shown in the figure, this dual protruding pole brushless DC electricity generation system of certainly boosting comprises double salient-pole electric machine, bridge-type not control rectifying circuit, power switch pipe, diode, electric capacity, asymmetry half-bridge circuit, storage battery, Generator test control unit.Wherein, double salient-pole electric machine comprises threephase armature winding and two covers magnetic-coupled excitation winding each other, as shown in Figure 2, and every the embedded first set excitation winding L that is wound with of stator slot of three stator poles f1, the second cover excitation winding L f2, double salient-pole electric machine threephase armature winding adopts star connection to connect.As shown in Figure 1, double salient-pole electric machine threephase armature winding output respectively with the bridge-type being formed by diode D1 ~ D6 not each brachium pontis mid point of control rectifying circuit be connected, first set excitation winding L f1one end is connected with bridge rectifier D1 ~ D6 output plus terminal, first set excitation winding L f1the other end is connected jointly with the anode of power switch pipe Q1 drain electrode, diode D7, the negative electrode of diode D7 is connected jointly with the positive pole of capacitor C 1, form from boosting dual protruding pole brushless DC electricity generation system output plus terminal, capacitor C 1 negative pole is connected with the source electrode of power switch pipe Q1, forms from the dual protruding pole brushless DC electricity generation system output negative terminal that boosts.Storage battery anode is connected with asymmetry half-bridge circuit (consisting of power switch pipe Q2, Q3 and diode D8, D9) anode, and storage battery negative terminal is connected with this asymmetry half-bridge circuit negative terminal, double salient-pole electric machine the second cover excitation winding L f2two ends be connected with two brachium pontis mid points of asymmetry half-bridge circuit respectively.First set excitation winding L f1hot end/cold end and the second cover excitation winding L f2hot end/cold end Same Name of Ends (having marked out a pair of Same Name of Ends with * in figure) each other, like this, the magnetic potential that two cover excitation winding produce strengthens mutually.As shown in the figure, Generator test control unit utilizes current sensor H if, H igand divider resistance is respectively to the second cover excitation winding L f2in exciting current i f , electricity generation system average anode current, and electricity generation system VD detects, and produces control signal and control the power switch pipe Q2 in first power switch pipe Q1 and asymmetry half-bridge circuit, Q3.
In above-mentioned DC power generation system, first set excitation winding L f1in rotor rotation process, inductance value is invariable, first set excitation winding L f1in the time of as self-excitation effect, also as large inductance, use, as can be seen from the figure, first set excitation winding L f1with diode D7, power switch pipe Q1 and a booster circuit of capacitor C 1 common formation.Because the large inductance in booster circuit has been integrated in the stator slot of double salient-pole electric machine, and remaining component compact conformation in booster circuit is applicable to integrated.In the present embodiment, bridge-type not control rectifying circuit, power switch pipe Q1, diode D7, capacitor C 1, asymmetry half-bridge circuit and Generator test control unit is integrated on double salient-pole electric machine end cap jointly, shares the water-cooling circulating system in double salient-pole electric machine housing.
Traditional electrical excitation biconvex electrode brushless direct current power-generating system under same rotational speed, its power output and output voltage characteristic curve as shown in Figure 3, U wherein dcfor the magnitude of voltage of the power accumulator group in parallel with electricity generation system DC bus, can find out, for different exciting electric current I f, the magnitude of voltage at the maximum power place of electricity generation system output cannot keep and output voltage U always dcidentical, for example, when exciting current is I f3time, now export U dcunder voltage, electricity generation system has reached maximum power under this exciting current, and power output is P 3, and work as given power, be reduced to P 1, now regulate exciting current to I f1, make power output tracing preset, however output voltage U dcunder condition, electricity generation system can not reach this exciting current I f1lower maximum power output.And for the dual protruding pole brushless DC electricity generation system of certainly boosting of the present invention, under identical exciting current, by changing power switch pipe Q1 duty ratio, realize boost function, electricity generation system peak power output is constant, and magnitude of voltage corresponding to maximum power improves, and output characteristic curve as shown in Figure 4.Therefore for different exciting electric current, different power switch pipe Q1 duty ratios can be set, the corresponding magnitude of voltage of the maximum power battery tension value Udc in parallel with bus that electricity generation system is exported under this exciting current is consistent, resulting output characteristic curve as shown in Figure 5, thereby the coordination that realizes excitation regulation and power switch pipe Q1 is controlled, relative traditional electrical excitation biconvex electrode brushless direct current power-generating system now, under same rotational speed, identical output characteristic, exciting current in the second cover excitation winding is less, has reduced exciting power.In order shortening system to regulate the time in actual motion, the corresponding relation of power switch pipe Q1 duty ratio and given power need be prestored and set out in motor detection control unit, concrete operations are as follows: under the electric pressure identical with actual motion and same rotational speed condition, under different output power set-point, duty ratio by Modulating Power switching tube Q1 makes the exciting current in the second cover excitation winding reach minimum value, and the equal tracing preset value of electricity generation system average anode current, and record the duty ratio that makes the power switch pipe Q1 of the exciting current value minimum in the second cover excitation winding under each power stage, this duty ratio is the optimum duty ratio under corresponding power output set-point, quantitative relation between different output power set-point and the optimum duty ratio of its corresponding power switch pipe Q1 is deposited in Generator test control unit.During electricity generation system generating work of the present invention, determine control flow under speed conditions as shown in Figure 9, when electricity generation system power output set-point P being detected *change, inquiry Generator test control unit, determines this set-point P *the optimum duty ratio D of corresponding power switch pipe Q1 q1, Generator test control unit is according to optimum duty ratio D q1generate signal PWM q1power ratio control switching tube Q1, and according to the actual output detecting, by controlling power switch pipe Q2 in asymmetry half-bridge circuit, Q3, control the size of exciting current, make the output tracking set-point of electricity generation system, and wait for that electricity generation system power output set-point changes.
Fig. 6 has shown that traditional electrical excitation biconvex electrode brushless direct current power-generating system is under different rotating speeds, identical exciting current, power output and output voltage characteristic curve, wherein U dcfor the battery tension value in parallel with electricity generation system DC bus.Can find out, for different rotating speeds n, the magnitude of voltage at the maximum power place of electricity generation system output cannot keep and output voltage U always dcidentical, for example, when rotation speed n is n 3time, now export U dcunder voltage, electricity generation system has reached maximum power under this rotating speed, and power output is P 3, and work as rotating speed, reduce to n 1time, output voltage U now dcunder condition, electricity generation system can not reach maximum power output under this rotating speed, and even, when rotating speed is lower, electricity generation system cannot idling generating work.And for the dual protruding pole brushless DC electricity generation system of certainly boosting of the present invention, under identical exciting current, same rotational speed, by changing power switch pipe Q1 duty ratio, realize boost function, can make electricity generation system peak power output constant, and magnitude of voltage corresponding to maximum power improves, now the output characteristic curve of electricity generation system as shown in Figure 7.Therefore for different rotating speeds, different power switch pipe Q1 duty ratios can be set, the corresponding magnitude of voltage of the maximum power battery tension value U in parallel with bus that electricity generation system is exported under this rotating speed dcbe consistent, as shown in Figure 8.Like this, when rotating speed is lower, traditional electrical excitation biconvex electrode brushless direct current power-generating system cannot idling during generating, and the dual protruding pole brushless DC electricity generation system of certainly boosting can realize generating output by controlling Q1 duty ratio.In order shortening system to regulate the time in actual motion, the corresponding relation of rotating speed under power switch pipe Q1 duty ratio and given power need be prestored and set out in motor detection control unit, concrete operations are as follows: under the electric pressure identical with actual motion and maximum exciting current condition, under different rotating speeds, the duty ratio of Modulating Power switching tube Q1, electricity generation system power output is reached under this rotating speed, the maximum of power output under maximum excitation condition, record the duty ratio that makes the power switch pipe Q1 of electricity generation system power output maximum under this rotating speed, this duty ratio i.e. the corresponding optimum duty ratio of rotating speed for this reason.Quantitative relation between different rotating speeds value and the optimum duty ratio of power switch pipe Q1 is deposited in Generator test control unit.During electricity generation system generating work of the present invention, the control flow under variable speed mode of operation as shown in figure 10, when generator speed n changes, is inquired about Generator test control unit, determines the optimum duty ratio D of the corresponding power switch pipe Q1 of this rotation speed n q1, Generator test control unit is according to this optimum duty ratio D q1generate signal PWM q1power ratio control switching tube Q1, and according to the actual output detecting, by controlling power switch pipe Q2 in asymmetry half-bridge circuit, Q3, the size of control exciting current, makes the output tracking set-point of electricity generation system, and waits for that generator speed changes.

Claims (7)

1. from the dual protruding pole brushless DC electricity generation system of boosting, it is characterized in that, comprising: double salient-pole electric machine, rectification circuit, DC-DC translation circuit, Generator test control unit, DC excitation source, and an electric capacity, a power switch pipe, a diode; Described double salient-pole electric machine comprises armature winding, and each other magnetic-coupled two cover excitation winding: the first excitation winding, the second excitation winding, the first excitation winding and the second excitation winding have respectively first end and the second end; Described armature winding is connected with the input of rectification circuit, the first end of the first excitation winding is connected with the positive output end of rectification circuit, the second end of the first excitation winding drains with described power switch pipe, the anode of described diode is connected jointly, the negative electrode of described diode is connected jointly with the positive pole of described electric capacity, form from boosting dual protruding pole brushless DC electricity generation system output plus terminal, the negative pole of described electric capacity is connected with the source electrode of described power switch pipe, forms from the dual protruding pole brushless DC electricity generation system output negative terminal that boosts; The positive and negative output in DC excitation source is connected with the positive and negative input of described DC-DC translation circuit respectively, and the positive and negative output of DC-DC translation circuit is connected with first end, second end of the second excitation winding respectively; The first end of the first end of the first excitation winding and the second excitation winding is Same Name of Ends each other; Described Generator test control unit detects output current, the output voltage of the exciting current in the second excitation winding and the dual protruding pole brushless DC electricity generation system of certainly boosting, and according to testing result, DC-DC translation circuit and described power switch pipe is controlled.
2. as claimed in claim 1 from boosting dual protruding pole brushless DC electricity generation system, it is characterized in that, described rectification circuit is not control rectifying circuit of bridge-type.
3. as claimed in claim 1 from boosting dual protruding pole brushless DC electricity generation system, it is characterized in that, described DC-DC translation circuit is asymmetry half-bridge circuit.
4. as claimed in claim 1 from boosting dual protruding pole brushless DC electricity generation system, it is characterized in that, described double salient-pole electric machine also comprises cooling devcie of motor; Described rectification circuit, power switch pipe, diode, electric capacity, DC-DC change-over circuit and Generator test control unit are integrated on the end cap of described double salient-pole electric machine, and are undertaken cooling by described cooling devcie of motor.
As described in claim 1 to 4 any one from the dual protruding pole brushless DC electricity generation system of boosting, it is characterized in that,
In described Generator test control unit, prestore the corresponding relation of electricity generation system power output set-point and optimum duty ratio, and the corresponding relation of generator speed and optimum duty ratio;
When being operated in, electricity generation system determines under rotary speed working pattern, Generator test control unit is according to the corresponding relation of DC output power set-point and optimum duty ratio, determine the corresponding optimum duty ratio of electricity generation system power output set-point of current setting, and according to this optimum duty ratio, described power switch pipe is controlled, simultaneously according to the actual DC output current detecting, by controlling described DC-DC translation circuit, adjust the size of exciting current in the second excitation winding, make the average anode current of electricity generation system follow the tracks of average anode current set-point;
When electricity generation system generating is operated under variable speed mode of operation, Generator test control unit is according to the corresponding relation of generator speed and optimum duty ratio, determine the corresponding optimum duty ratio of current generator speed, and according to this optimum duty ratio, described power switch pipe is controlled, simultaneously according to the actual DC output current detecting, by controlling described DC-DC translation circuit, adjust the size of exciting current in the second excitation winding, make the average anode current of electricity generation system follow the tracks of average anode current set-point.
6. as claimed in claim 5 from boosting dual protruding pole brushless DC electricity generation system, it is characterized in that, described electricity generation system power output set-point is determined by the following method with the corresponding relation of optimum duty ratio: under the electric pressure identical with actual motion and same rotational speed condition, under different output power set-point, duty ratio by Modulating Power switching tube Q1 makes the exciting current in the second cover excitation winding reach minimum value, and the equal tracing preset value of electricity generation system average anode current, and record the duty ratio that makes the described power switch pipe of the exciting current value minimum in the second cover excitation winding under each power output, this duty ratio is the optimum duty ratio under corresponding power output set-point.
7. as claimed in claim 5 from boosting dual protruding pole brushless DC electricity generation system, it is characterized in that, described generator speed is determined by the following method with the corresponding relation of optimum duty ratio: under the electric pressure identical with actual motion and maximum exciting current condition, under different rotating speeds, adjust the duty ratio of described power switch pipe, electricity generation system power output is reached under this rotating speed, the maximum of power output under maximum excitation condition, record the duty ratio that makes the power switch pipe of electricity generation system power output maximum under this rotating speed, this duty ratio i.e. the corresponding optimum duty ratio of rotating speed for this reason.
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