CN103676006A - Tunable dual-purpose photonic crystal fiber coupler - Google Patents
Tunable dual-purpose photonic crystal fiber coupler Download PDFInfo
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- CN103676006A CN103676006A CN201310684774.6A CN201310684774A CN103676006A CN 103676006 A CN103676006 A CN 103676006A CN 201310684774 A CN201310684774 A CN 201310684774A CN 103676006 A CN103676006 A CN 103676006A
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Abstract
A tunable dual-purpose photonic crystal fiber coupler comprises a double-core photonic crystal fiber and a temperature regulating device, wherein the temperature regulating device surrounds the double-core photonic crystal fiber, and the double-core photonic crystal fiber comprises a background material, air vent holes, fiber cores and a high-refraction-rate column. The air vent holes are kept consistent in the fiber length direction and evenly distributed in the background material, the high-refraction-rate column is arranged at the center of the fiber, the refraction rate is higher than that of the background material, and the fiber cores of the fiber are arranged on two sides of the high-refraction-rate column. The tunable dual-purpose photonic crystal fiber coupler has a directional coupler function and wavelength division multiplexing/demultiplexing functions, can switch a dual-wavelength directional coupler function and dual-wavelength wavelength division multiplexing/demultiplexing functions by changing the temperature and is convenient to adjust, and a coupler structure is not required to be changed during switching.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the fields such as optical fiber communication, Fibre Optical Sensor and optics is integrated, be specifically related to a kind of tunable dual-purpose photonic crystal optical fiber coupler.
Background technology
Fiber coupler is a kind of optical passive component of widespread use in optical fiber communication and optical fiber sensing system, the coupled system normally being formed by two or multifiber waveguide, and its effect is mainly that light signal is carried out to shunt He He road.Conventional fiber coupler is mainly by technological means such as grinding and polishing, fusion or fused biconical tapers, the fibre core that makes two or multifiber mutually near and form coupled zone, realize the coupling of light signal between different fiber.Generally there is the deficiencies such as secondary drawing that volume is large, need optical fiber in traditional fiber coupling mechanism.
Photonic crystal fiber claims again microstructured optical fibers, by leaded light mechanism, can be divided into two kinds of improved total internal reflection leaded light and photon band gap leaded lights, and some photonic crystal fiber exists two kinds of leaded light mechanism simultaneously.Due to the dirigibility of photonic crystals optical fiber structure design and the unique optical properties showing, it has shown tempting application prospect at aspects such as optical fiber communication, fiber functions device, nonlinear optics and Fibre Optical Sensors.Twin-core or multicore photonic crystal optical fiber can, by stretch forming of the prefabricated rods of having piled up by ad hoc structure, can be realized the optical fiber structure with two or more contiguous fibre cores at an easy rate.
2000, the people such as the B.J.Mangan of University of Bath are studied [Electronics Letters to the making of improved full-internal reflection type double-core photonic crystal fiber and coupled characteristic thereof the earliest, 2000,36 (16): 1358-1359], the novel characteristics of having shown the coupling of photonic crystal fiber multicore to people, caused the great interest of people, the photonic crystal optical fiber coupler of various different qualities continues to bring out subsequently.Adopt high birefringence rectangular grid double-core photonic crystal fiber can realize polarization irrelevant coupling mechanism [Joumal of Optics a-Pure and Applied Optics, 2004,6 (8): 805-808], the mode that employing is adulterated downwards to double-core photonic crystal fiber fibre core can realize the extremely wide fiber coupler of working band [Optics Letters, 2004,29 (21): 2473-2475], patent CN103076653A, CN101694536A, CN103091771A disclose different types of photonic crystal optical fiber coupler.The coupling mechanism that above-mentioned research institute relates to its function after completing is just fixing, and function singleness, makes its application can only be limited to specific occasion.
Summary of the invention
Technology of the present invention is dealt with problems and is: overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of tunable dual-purpose photonic crystal optical fiber coupler is disclosed, this coupling mechanism possesses two kinds of functions after completing, can variation according to requirements dynamically switch, and without changing other device because use occasion changes.
Technical solution of the present invention is:
A kind of tunable dual-purpose photonic crystal optical fiber coupler, comprise double-core photonic crystal fiber and register, register is coated on the outside of double-core photonic crystal fiber, for adjusting the temperature of double-core photonic crystal fiber, double-core photonic crystal fiber comprises background material, airport, fibre core and high index of refraction post;
Double-core photonic crystal fiber is cylindric regular optical waveguide, inside is background material, airport, fibre core and high index of refraction post are all arranged in background material, airport is evenly distributed in background material, and along fiber length, keep evenly, the distance between adjacent two airports is identical, and double-core photonic crystal fiber axial location is high index of refraction post, the symmetria bilateralis of high index of refraction post is distributed with two fibre cores, and high index of refraction Zhu center overlaps with the symcenter point of two fibre cores.
Adjacent three airports are equilateral triangle and distribute.
Adjacent four airports are square profile.
The cross section of described high index of refraction post is circular or oval.
High index of refraction post adopts the temperature variant liquid of refractive index, liquid crystal or solid material, and the refractive index of high index of refraction post is greater than the refractive index of background material.
The present invention compared with prior art beneficial effect is: a kind of tunable dual-purpose photonic crystal optical fiber coupler disclosed by the invention possesses directional coupler and wavelength-division multiplex/demultiplexing function, can switch by the state that regulates temperature to realize between dual wavelength directional coupler and dual wavelength Wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of tunable dual-purpose photonic crystal optical fiber coupler cross sectional representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that coupling length Lc of the present invention is with the variation relation schematic diagram of high index of refraction post refractive index and wavelength;
Fig. 3 is dual wavelength directional coupler of the present invention and Wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer switching principle schematic diagram.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the invention provides a kind of tunable dual-purpose photonic crystal optical fiber coupler, comprise double-core photonic crystal fiber 1 and register 2, register 2 is coated on the outside of double-core photonic crystal fiber 1, for adjusting the temperature of double-core photonic crystal fiber 1, double-core photonic crystal fiber 1 comprises background material 3, airport 4, fibre core 5 and high index of refraction post 6; The cross section of high index of refraction post 6 is circular or oval; High index of refraction post 6 adopts the temperature variant liquid of refractive index, liquid crystal or solid material, and the refractive index of high index of refraction post 6 is greater than the refractive index of background material 3;
Double-core photonic crystal fiber 1 is cylindric regular optical waveguide, inside is background material 3, airport 4, fibre core 5 and high index of refraction post 6 are all arranged in background material 3, airport 4 is evenly distributed in background material 3, adjacent three airports 4 are equilateral triangle and distribute, or adjacent four airports 4 are square profile, and keep evenly along fiber length, distance between adjacent two airports 4 is identical, double-core photonic crystal fiber 1 axial location is high index of refraction post 6, the symmetria bilateralis of high index of refraction post 6 is distributed with two fibre cores 5, the center of high index of refraction post 6 overlaps with the symcenter point of two fibre cores 5.
When coupling mechanism is worked as dual wavelength directional coupler, the light signal of two wavelength injects one of them fibre core 5 of double-core photonic crystal fiber 1 simultaneously from one end of coupling mechanism, from two fibre cores 5 of the coupling mechanism other end, export, the splitting ratio of two wavelength light signals is identical simultaneously; When coupling mechanism is worked as dual wavelength Wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer, the light signal while of two wavelength injects from one of them fibre core 5 of one end of coupling mechanism, from two fibre cores 5 of the coupling mechanism other end, export respectively the light signal of a kind of wavelength of each fibre core 5 output.The temperature that regulates coupling mechanism by register 2, varies with temperature the refractive index of high index of refraction post 6, realizes the switching of coupling mechanism between directional coupler and wavelength-division multiplex/demultiplexing function, and does not need to change the structure of coupling mechanism.
Example as a kind of concrete tunable dual-purpose photonic crystal optical fiber coupler, the diameter of airport 4 and refractive index post 6 is 2.0 μ m, three adjacent vacant pores 4 are equilateral triangle and distribute, and adjacent vacant pore spacing is 4.0 μ m, and the length of double-core photonic crystal fiber 1 is 2.0mm.By register 2, making the refractive index of high index of refraction post 6 is 1.60 o'clock, the light wave that two wavelength are respectively 1.25 μ m and 1.55 μ m is from input port simultaneously during input coupler, because the coupling length of their correspondences is identical, the light of two wavelength is all identical at the splitting ratio of output terminal, its splitting ratio is 50:50, and the coupling mechanism in this state can be realized the splitting ratio directional couple functions such as these two wavelength.By register 2, making the refractive index of high index of refraction post 6 is 1.56 o'clock, two wavelength 1.25 μ m are no longer equal with the corresponding coupling length of 1.55 μ m, coupling length value becomes respectively 1.0mm and 0.4mm, and the coupling mechanism in this state can be realized dual wavelength wavelength-division multiplex/demultiplexing function.
Principle of work of the present invention is: in tunable dual-purpose photonic crystal optical fiber coupler, two fibre cores can be propagated luminous energy, during a luminous energy fibre core propagation therein, the energy that always has fraction is diffused in another fibre core, the energy that shows as two fibre cores is coupled, along with the increase of propagation distance, luminous energy can periodically exchange between two fibre cores.The stack of the odd even super model that the Energy Coupling behavior of two fibre cores can form with two fibre core interaction mould fields is described, and the result with the odd even super model stack of different propagation constants makes luminous energy periodically shift along spread length, coupling length L
cbe defined as:
In formula, λ is the wavelength in vacuum,
with
be respectively the equivalent refractive index of the even super model of i polarization state and strange super model.Coupling length L of the every propagation of energy in fibre core
c, luminous energy will be transferred to another fibre core from a fibre core, then propagates a coupling length L
c, optical fiber energy will return to original fibre core.
In tunable dual-purpose photonic crystal optical fiber coupler, two fibre cores are to consist of background material, its refractive index is consistent with background material, two fibre core tundish contain high index of refraction post, other direction is airport, therefore, each fibre core is surrounded by airport and high index of refraction post simultaneously, and fibre core leaded light is simultaneously based on improved total internal reflection effect and two kinds of leaded light mechanism of photonic band gap effects.The acting in conjunction meeting of two kinds of leaded light mechanism makes two Energy Couplings between fibre core present the feature that is different from general couple device, and it can be subject to having a strong impact on of high index of refraction post between two fibre cores.The constituent material of high index of refraction post is the thermally sensitive liquid of its refractive index, liquid crystal or solid material, therefore, just can change the refractive index of high index of refraction post, and then affect the Energy Coupling between two fibre cores by changing temperature.
As shown in Figure 2, due to the existence of two kinds of leaded light mechanism, luminous energy is at the coupling length L of 5 of 1 two fibre cores of double-core photonic crystal fiber
calong with the increase first increases and then decreases of optical wavelength, there is the maximum value of coupling length, coupling length shows as unimodal structure with wavelength variations curve.Meanwhile, high index of refraction post 6 refractive indexes are respectively n
1, n
2and n
3(n
1>n
2>n
3) time, coupling length unimodal curve moves to long wavelength's direction, be that coupling length unimodal curve can move to long wavelength's direction along with the increase of high index of refraction post 6 refractive indexes, also move to long wavelength's direction thereupon the position of coupling length maximum value, and its maximum value is more and more less.
As shown in Figure 3, the refractive index when high index of refraction post 6 is n
1time, wavelength X
1and λ
2corresponding coupling length is all L
c0., claim that now the duty of coupling mechanism is S
1.Two wavelength are respectively to λ
1and λ
2light wave from input port simultaneously during input coupler, because the coupling length of their correspondences is identical, the light of two wavelength is all identical at the splitting ratio of output terminal, if the active length L of coupling mechanism meets L=(k+1/2) L
c0when (wherein, k is positive integer), the light of two wavelength is all 50:50 at the splitting ratio of output terminal, and the coupling mechanism in this state can be realized the splitting ratio directional couple functions such as these two wavelength.When the refractive index of high index of refraction post 6 is n
2time, due to the movement of coupling length unimodal curve, coupling mechanism is by duty S
1change state S into
2, corresponding to duty S
1two wavelength X
1and λ
2corresponding coupling length is no longer equal, and coupling length value becomes respectively L
c1and L
c2.If the light wave of two wavelength is initially by same input port input coupler, when the active length L of coupling mechanism meets L=mL
c1=nL
c2when (wherein, m and n are two positive integers that parity is contrary), the light wave of two wavelength will present the effect of wavelength separated two different port outputs, realizes light signal demultiplexing function; If the light wave of two wavelength is initially by two different port input couplers, the light wave of two wavelength can be exported by same output port, has completed the function that optical multiplexed signal is used.In essence, in state S
2coupling mechanism be the Wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer of a dual wavelength.Therefore, by register 2, regulate the temperature of coupling mechanism, make the refractive index of high index of refraction post 6 at n
1and n
2between switch, just can realize the switching of coupling mechanism between directional coupler and wavelength-division multiplex/demultiplexing function, and not need to change the structure of coupling mechanism.
Claims (5)
1. a tunable dual-purpose photonic crystal optical fiber coupler, it is characterized in that: comprise double-core photonic crystal fiber (1) and register (2), register (2) is coated on the outside of double-core photonic crystal fiber (1), be used for adjusting the temperature of double-core photonic crystal fiber (1), double-core photonic crystal fiber (1) comprises background material (3), airport (4), fibre core (5) and high index of refraction post (6);
Double-core photonic crystal fiber (1) is cylindric regular optical waveguide, inside is background material (3), airport (4), fibre core (5) and high index of refraction post (6) are all arranged in background material (3), airport (4) is evenly distributed in background material (3), and keep evenly along fiber length, distance between adjacent two airports (4) is identical, double-core photonic crystal fiber (1) axial location is high index of refraction post (6), the symmetria bilateralis of high index of refraction post (6) is distributed with two fibre cores (5), the center of high index of refraction post (6) overlaps with the symcenter point of two fibre cores (5).
2. a kind of tunable dual-purpose photonic crystal optical fiber coupler according to claim 1, is characterized in that: adjacent three airports (4) are equilateral triangle and distribute.
3. a kind of tunable dual-purpose photonic crystal optical fiber coupler according to claim 1, is characterized in that: adjacent four airports (4) are square profile.
4. a kind of tunable dual-purpose photonic crystal optical fiber coupler according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the cross section of described high index of refraction post (6) is for circular or oval.
5. according to a kind of tunable dual-purpose photonic crystal optical fiber coupler described in any one in claim 1～4, it is characterized in that: high index of refraction post (6) adopts the temperature variant liquid of refractive index, liquid crystal or solid material, and the refractive index of high index of refraction post (6) is greater than the refractive index of background material (3).
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Cited By (7)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105093400A (en) * | 2015-07-30 | 2015-11-25 | 合肥工业大学 | High-birefringence mixed photonic crystal fibers |
| CN107771292A (en) * | 2015-02-28 | 2018-03-06 | 音拂科技股份公司 | Fiber coupler |
| CN108415121A (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2018-08-17 | 上海理工大学 | A kind of high birefringence double-core photonic crystal fiber polarization beam apparatus |
| CN108732679A (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2018-11-02 | 湖北科技学院 | Optical fiber structure |
| CN109669233A (en) * | 2019-02-25 | 2019-04-23 | 宝鸡文理学院 | Fill the rectangular lattice photonic crystal fiber wavelength multiplexer/demultiplexer of benzene |
| CN110426777A (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2019-11-08 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of coupler photon crystal heterojunction structure of achievable broadband circular polarization |
| CN113880422A (en) * | 2021-10-12 | 2022-01-04 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Heterogeneous multi-core optical fiber for preparing mode division multiplexer and preparation method thereof |
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| CN103091770A (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2013-05-08 | 江苏大学 | Photonic crystal fiber polarization beam splitting component |
| CN103217743A (en) * | 2013-03-05 | 2013-07-24 | 西北工业大学 | Polarizing coupler based on double-core photonic crystal fibers mixed with metal wire |
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2013
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| CN103091770A (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2013-05-08 | 江苏大学 | Photonic crystal fiber polarization beam splitting component |
| CN103217743A (en) * | 2013-03-05 | 2013-07-24 | 西北工业大学 | Polarizing coupler based on double-core photonic crystal fibers mixed with metal wire |
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| JIANGBING DU,ET AL.: "Thermally tunable dual-core photonic bandgap fiber based on the infusion of a temperature-responsive liquid", 《OPTICS EXPRESS》 * |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107771292A (en) * | 2015-02-28 | 2018-03-06 | 音拂科技股份公司 | Fiber coupler |
| CN105093400A (en) * | 2015-07-30 | 2015-11-25 | 合肥工业大学 | High-birefringence mixed photonic crystal fibers |
| CN108415121A (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2018-08-17 | 上海理工大学 | A kind of high birefringence double-core photonic crystal fiber polarization beam apparatus |
| CN108415121B (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2024-04-16 | 上海理工大学 | High-birefringence double-core photonic crystal fiber polarization beam splitter |
| CN108732679A (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2018-11-02 | 湖北科技学院 | Optical fiber structure |
| CN109669233A (en) * | 2019-02-25 | 2019-04-23 | 宝鸡文理学院 | Fill the rectangular lattice photonic crystal fiber wavelength multiplexer/demultiplexer of benzene |
| CN110426777A (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2019-11-08 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of coupler photon crystal heterojunction structure of achievable broadband circular polarization |
| CN113880422A (en) * | 2021-10-12 | 2022-01-04 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Heterogeneous multi-core optical fiber for preparing mode division multiplexer and preparation method thereof |
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