CN103674584A - Rail vehicle curve passage capacity testing method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a rail vehicle curve passage capacity testing method which includes the following steps that (A) trains to be tested are placed on test platforms; (B) according to test requirements, weight balancing equipment with the corresponding weight is arranged in the trains so that bodies of the trains can meet a needed state requirement; (C) whether the two trains to be tested interfere with each other is detected in an initial state; (D) multiple vertical excitation devices and transverse excitation devices are controlled to move a certain distance in the vertical direction and the transverse direction by testing needed track line conditions, so that center lines of the four test platforms are not in the forwarding direction of the trains, and a curve and a superelevation of an actual line are simulated; (E) according to displacement values obtained through testing, a curve radius is obtained through conversion, whether the two trains to be tested interfere with each other in the monitoring process is detected, meanwhile, wheel rail transverse force Y and wheel rail vertical force Q of each wheel are recorded, and accordingly the curve passage capacity of the trains is analyzed. The method can simulate different line curve situations according to actual situations, is low in cost, high in efficiency, and capable of testing on different track situations and in different vehicle states.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of rail vehicle curve negotiation ability method of testing, belong to rail vehicle manufacturing technology field.
Background technology
Since in April, 1997, Chinese Railway has successively been carried out raising speed by a large scale 6 times, and on July 1st, 2010, China formally moved towards the high ferro epoch, scooter 322km/h when high ferro is the fastest.
Development along with transportation by railroad, railway has been routed to each area, the whole nation, because China's area is larger, topography and geomorphology also has larger difference, so various curve road has appearred in railway in building, such as sigmoid curve, perpendicular convex curve, perpendicular concave curves etc., in order to adapt to preferably various circuits, guarantee the operation that various vehicles can be safe in various curve bends, in vehicle design, consider the curve negotiation ability of vehicle.For the various parameters of curve negotiation ability of good testing vehicle, in vehicle design, the construction to curve passing through handling capacity tester for testing, is extremely necessary.
The generalized definition of curve passing through handling capacity is the comparatively harsh curve bend that passes through to set that vehicle can be safe, and according to the development of railway construction, various curve bends are got and determined ultimate value Ymax, and the peak excursion angle Y that newly-designed vehicle structure allows can not surpass Ymax.
So far, the test method that rail vehicles curve negotiation ability testing research adopts mainly contains:
One, actual vehicle is tested on specific actual track, although this test method can be carried out the curve negotiation ability testing research of true car solid line, but there is a lot of drawbacks, mainly contain: in test, a lot of track circuit parameters cannot accurately be measured, test parameters can not arbitrarily regulate or change as the load of vehicle etc.; Affected by circuit extraneous circumstance larger, affect the normal operation of circuit, cause this section only can, in test, affect normal transportation by railroad and operation; Often carry out a test and vehicles drive need to be arrived to the circuit of appointment, and tested vehicle counterweight is extremely long to needed time cycles such as empty wagons and loaded vehicle states; Because the experimentation cost that above series of problems causes is expensive, cost is too high etc.
Two, shop experiment research, is divided into again:
The research of simulation calculation, by computing machine special software, as Simpack, the tilt condition of the dynamics analysis software simulation train rail gradients such as Adams is set up and is needed the auto model of analyzing to calculate its curve negotiation ability of emulation in software.This kind of method is fairly simple, but software simulation is only ideal state, can not consider completely suspension and the force-bearing situation of true train, therefore with actual tests, has a certain distance.
Summary of the invention
Fundamental purpose of the present invention is to address the above problem and is not enough, and a kind of rail vehicle curve negotiation ability method of testing is provided, and cost is low, efficiency is high, can test for different track conditions and different vehicle state.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of rail vehicle curve negotiation ability method of testing, two trains to be tested are by actual trailer state arrangement, below each former and later two bogies of train to be tested, test platform is set, in described test platform, be provided with vertical exciting device, horizontal exciting device and longitudinal exciting device, specifically comprise the steps:
A, train to be tested is placed on test platform;
B, according to testing requirements, in the inside of train, place the weighing device of corresponding weight, make the car body of train reach the required state requirement of test;
Under C, inspection original state, whether two trains to be tested there is interference;
D, according to the required track circuit condition of test control a plurality of vertical exciting devices, laterally exciting device is respectively vertical and transversely move certain displacement amount, the direction that four test platform center lines are not advanced at Vehicle Driving Cycle, curve and the superelevation of simulation actual track;
E, the displacement obtaining according to detection converse the tested train of two row in sweep and monitor procedure and whether occur interference, record wheel-rail lateral force Y and the wheel track vertical force Q of each wheel simultaneously, and then analyze curve passing through handling capacity.
Further, described test platform comprises top board and base plate, and described vertical actuator, horizontal actuator and longitudinal exciting device are set between described top board and base plate, and described train is placed on described top board.
Further, three vertical actuator are set in each test platform, wherein, two vertical exciting devices are symmetricly set on the below of bogie pivot center along width of the carbody direction, and another vertical exciting device is arranged on bogie the place ahead.
Further, at the rear portion of described base plate, erect and have squab panel, between the top of described squab panel and the side of the both sides of top board, be respectively connected with a described longitudinal exciting device.
Further, vertical on the right side of described base plate have a right web plate, top board left side below be provided with left gusset, between the top of right web plate and left gusset, be connected with a described horizontal exciting device.
Further, before above-mentioned steps D, control four described test platform height and reach sustained height.
Further, in above-mentioned steps D, control a plurality of vertical exciting devices motion certain displacement up or down respectively, simulate the superelevation of different actual tracks.
Further, the direction along width of the carbody on described top board is provided with a plurality of elongated track shape groove being parallel to each other, and the wheel of different size vehicle is to dropping on after test platform, with tiltedly carving, the described track shape groove of relevant position is coordinated train and top board are fixed with taking turns.
Content to sum up, a kind of rail vehicle curve negotiation ability method of testing of the present invention, compared with prior art, tool has the following advantages:
(1) this kind of method of testing can be for various different gauges (as gauges such as 1435mm, 1000mm and 1676mm), various different rail trucks (as rail trucks such as locomotive, motor-car, trailer and subways) are tested, service test device to greatest extent, save test fund, guarantee that test result is accurate, the method can realize different track conditions, the curve negotiation ability testing research under different vehicle state, to guaranteeing that high-speed railway safe operation etc. is of great significance.
(2) the method in test, can simulate different route curve situations according to actual conditions, at the trial according to route curve situation, testing table adjustment is become to the situation that needs simulation, then by tested vehicle counterweight, make it reach real circuit ruuning situation, with this, simulate the practical operation situation of tested vehicle in real circuit, thereby measure its curving performance, for the research of train curve negotiating mechanism provides more authentic and valid test figure.
(3) this test method can be carried out repeatedly repetition test, time cycle used in process of the test is short, the manpower needing, the costs such as material resources are lower, and the efficiency of test is higher, thereby for the research of rail truck curve negotiating mechanism provides more authentic and valid test figure, to guaranteeing that high-speed railway safe operation etc. is of great significance.
(4) the method does not affect the normal operation of train, is convenient to implement.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is curving performance proving installation structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the side view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is test platform structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the side view of Fig. 3.
As shown in Figures 1 to 4, test platform 1, train 2, bogie 3, wheel, to 4, tiltedly carves 5, balancing weight 6, top board 7, base plate 8, vertical actuator 9, horizontal actuator 10, longitudinal actuator 11, track shape groove 12, squab panel 13, right web plate 14, left gusset 15, air spring 16.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail:
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, a kind of rail vehicle curving performance method of testing, on test platform 1, carry out, test platform 1 is four, train 2 to be tested is two row, with respect to every train 2, is equipped with two test platforms 1, and the corresponding bogie 3 of each test platform 1 arranges, each bogie 3 drops on corresponding test platform 1 at the trial, and the spacing between two trains 2 is by actual trailer state arrangement.
During test, weighing device is placed in inside at train 2, in the present embodiment, weighing device preferably adopts balancing weight 6, loads onto the balancing weight 6 that quantity does not wait in the inside of train 2, by placing the balancing weight 6 of Different Weight, can simulate the virtual condition of train 2, according to states such as vehicle empty wagons, loaded vehicle, add or reduce the quantity of corresponding balancing weight 6, so that car body reaches the required state requirement of test, realize and for different vehicle state, testing on same test platform 1.Balancing weight 6 choice for uses have the regular iron block of certain mass, pick and place all very conveniently, and the iron block space that can save to greatest extent testing table of rule, can utilize simultaneously repeatedly, has also saved test fund.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, each test platform 1 includes a plate 7 and base plate 8, a plurality of vertical exciting devices, horizontal exciting device and longitudinal exciting device are set between top board 7 and base plate 8, in the present embodiment, preferably adopt simple in structure, control easily vertical actuator 9, laterally actuator 10 and longitudinal actuator 11.The acting in conjunction of vertical actuator 9, horizontal actuator 10 and longitudinal actuator 11 realizes the six degree of freedom exciting ability of test platform 1.
In the present embodiment, three vertical actuator 9 are installed on each test platform 1, be that every row train 2 is equipped with six vertical actuator 9, in three vertical actuator 9 in each test platform 1, there are two vertical actuator 9 for generation of vertical translational degree of freedom, these two vertical actuator 9 are symmetrical arranged along the Width of car body, are arranged on the below, position at bogie 3 centers, and another vertical actuator 9 is for generation of the degree of freedom of nodding.2, train is fixedly mounted on top board 7, by vertical actuator 9 roof supportings 7 and on train 2.Vertical actuator 9 adopts hydraulic actuator, by controlling hydraulic pressure, controls the action in vertical direction of vertical actuator 9, makes top board 7 increase or decline certain altitude, and three vertical actuator 9 can be controlled respectively.
In each test platform 1, at the rear portion of base plate 8, erect and have squab panel 13, between the side of the both sides of the top of squab panel 13 and top board 7, be respectively connected with a longitudinal actuator 11, be that every row train 2 is equipped with four longitudinal actuator 11, longitudinally actuator 11 adopts hydraulic actuator, by controlling hydraulic pressure, controls the action of longitudinal actuator 11 on car body is longitudinal, two longitudinal actuator 11 are respectively used to produce the longitudinal degress of feedom and the degree of freedom of shaking the head, and a plurality of longitudinal actuator 11 can be controlled respectively.
As shown in Figure 4, in each test platform 1, on the right side of base plate 8, stand and have a right web plate 14, top board 7 left side below be provided with left gusset 15, between the top of right web plate 14 and left gusset 15, be connected with a horizontal actuator 10, for generation of horizontal degree of freedom, laterally actuator 10 is arranged on bogie pivot center line below.
In each test platform 1, be also provided with two air springs 16, the bottom of air spring 16 by floor installation on the base plate 8 of test platform 1, the top of air spring 16 is fixedly connected with the top board 7 of test platform 1 by push rod, and air spring 16 plays the decoupling zero degree of freedom respectively making progress and the effect of alleviating impact.
In order to improve the versatility of test platform 1, the width of top board 7 is greater than the widest gauge using at present, direction along width of the carbody on top board 7 is provided with a plurality of elongated track shape groove 12 being parallel to each other, track shape groove 12 is identical with trade shape, simulated truly track, made test findings more true and reliable.The wheel of different size vehicle drops on after test platform 14, with tiltedly carving 5, with wheel, the track shape groove 12 of 4 relevant positions is fixed, and then train 2 is stably fixed on test platform 1, the installation of train 2 is very convenient, and the train 2(that can be suitable for all specifications is as rail trucks such as locomotive, motor-car, trailer and subways), applicable different gauge (as gauges such as 1435mm, 1000mm and 1676mm).
When doing curving performance test, can by control vertical actuator 9, laterally actuator 10, longitudinally actuator 11 is respectively upwards being moved certain displacement amount, simulation actual motion circuit situation, simulation realizes different line defcts, record vertical actuator 9, laterally actuator 10, the longitudinal displacement of actuator 11, have advantages of take up room little, the test period is short.
The principle of work of this method of testing is: the certain displacement of horizontal actuator 10 travelings of Control experiment platform 1 below, the direction that four test platform 1 center lines are not advanced at Vehicle Driving Cycle, thereby simulating vehicle passes through curve, record the displacement at test platform 1 center, observe car body, bogie, between two trains, whether there is interference, measure simultaneously steering framing wheel to 4 wheel-rail lateral force Y and wheel to 4 wheel track vertical force Q, calculate vehicle by the derailment coefficients of curve, wheel shaft transverse force, wheel track vertical force and rate of wheel load reduction are used for assessing curve passing through handling capacity.
Wherein, wheel-rail lateral force Y tests by the foil gauge being arranged on axle box, is provided with two groups of wheels to 4 on each bogie 3, and every group of wheel is provided with two axle boxes to 4, so be provided with 8 axle boxes on every joint train 2, foil gauge is all set on the axle box.Wheel track vertical force Q is that steel spring decrement is tested by one, at each, one is that steel spring place arranges displacement transducer to detect its decrement.
The method of testing of describing curving performance below in detail, specifically comprises the steps:
A, by two trains to be tested 2 respectively correspondence be placed on four test platforms 1, and match with the track shape groove 12 on top board 7 by tiltedly carving 5, former and later two bogies 3 of train 2 are separately fixed on former and later two test platforms 1.
B, according to testing requirements, in the inside of two trains 2, place the balancing weight 6 of corresponding weight, make the car body of train 2 reach the required state requirement of test.
Under C, inspection original state, whether two trains to be tested 2 there is interference.
D, Control experiment platform 1, regulate 12 vertical actuator 9 of four test platform 1 belows, and four test platforms 1 are highly reached to sustained height, makes the elemental height of two trains 2 identical.
Four certain displacements of horizontal actuator 10 motion of D1, four test platform 1 belows of control, the direction that four test platform 1 center lines are not advanced at Vehicle Driving Cycle, simulating vehicle passes through curve, by testing requirements, utilize vertical actuator 9 analog line superelevation simultaneously, and then truly reflect actual motion circuit situation.
In E, four test platforms 1 of record, the displacement of four horizontal actuator 10 motions, calculates the sweep forming, and checks in motion process, whether two row trains 2 occur interference, record wheel-rail lateral force Y and the wheel track vertical force Q of each wheel simultaneously.
12 vertical actuator 9 of E1, four test platform 1 belows of control are the downward or certain displacement that moves upward simultaneously, forms new curve, checks in motion process, whether the tested train 2 of two row occurs interference.
12 vertical actuator 9 of E2, four test platform 1 belows of control upwards move downward respectively certain displacement, form new curve and superelevation, check in motion process, whether the tested train 2 of two row occurs interference.
F, according to the work of test condition repeating step D and step e, control respectively the different displacement of horizontal actuator 10 travelings, converse the tested train 2 of two row in sweep and monitor procedure and whether occur interference, record wheel-rail lateral force Y and the wheel track vertical force Q of each wheel simultaneously.
The wheel-rail lateral force Y and the wheel track vertical force Q that according to record in above test process, obtain, derailment coefficients and rate of wheel load reduction when analysis curve passing through passes through:
1) being calculated as follows of curve passing through derailment coefficients:
Y/Q≤0.8
Wherein, Y is that wheel acts on the transverse force on rail;
Q is that wheel acts on the vertical force on rail;
Evaluation method: derailment coefficients limit value 0.8 is above applicable to the situation that sweep is greater than 250m, when sweep is less than 250m, derailment coefficients limit value can be loosened to 1.2.
2) wheel shaft transverse force should meet following condition:
ΣY
2m≤10+P
0/3
In formula, ∑ Y
2mit is wheel shaft transverse force;
P
oit is dead axle weight.
3) maximum wheel track vertical force should meet following condition:
Q≤Q
lim=Q
0+90
In formula, Q is wheel track vertical force;
Q
0quiet wheel load, with kN unit representation;
Q
limit is the ultimate value that represents wheel track vertical force.
4) rate of wheel load reduction should meet following condition:
Wherein, dQ is wheel unloading amount (kN);
Q
aaverage wheel load (kN) for increment of load and off-load sidecar wheel;
1st limit in above formula is the criterion of acceptability of evaluation vehicle operating safety, and 2nd limit is the standard that has increased safety allowance.Rate of wheel load reduction for whether can cause because single wheel off-load is excessive derailing (be generally used for low speed by sharp radius curve, transverse force be zero or close to zero situation).
This kind of method of testing can be tested for various different gauges, different rail truck, service test device to greatest extent, highly versatile, saves test fund, and can protect that test result is accurate in theory, to guaranteeing that high-speed railway safe operation etc. is of great significance.
In test, can be according to actual conditions by controlling the different circuit situation of action simulation of each vertical actuator, at the trial according to circuit superelevation situation, testing table adjustment is become to the state that needs simulation, then by tested vehicle counterweight, make it reach real circuit ruuning situation, with this, simulate the actual operating state of tested vehicle in real circuit, thereby measure its vertical vibroshock performance, for the research of the vertical damping mechanism of train provides more authentic and valid test figure.
In addition, this test method can be carried out repeatedly repetition test, and the time cycle used in process of the test is short, the manpower needing, and the costs such as material resources are lower, and the efficiency of test is higher, does not affect at the trial the normal operation of train, is convenient to implement.
As mentioned above, given scheme content, can derive similar technical scheme by reference to the accompanying drawings.In every case be the content that does not depart from technical solution of the present invention, any simple modification, equivalent variations and the modification above embodiment done according to technical spirit of the present invention, all still belong in the scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a rail vehicle curve negotiation ability method of testing, it is characterized in that: two trains to be tested are by actual trailer state arrangement, below each former and later two bogies of train to be tested, test platform is set, in described test platform, be provided with vertical exciting device, horizontal exciting device and longitudinal exciting device, specifically comprise the steps:
A, train to be tested is placed on test platform;
B, according to testing requirements, in the inside of train, place the weighing device of corresponding weight, make the car body of train reach the required state requirement of test;
Under C, inspection original state, whether two trains to be tested there is interference;
D, according to the required track circuit condition of test control a plurality of vertical exciting devices, laterally exciting device is respectively vertical and transversely move certain displacement amount, the direction that four test platform center lines are not advanced at Vehicle Driving Cycle, curve and the superelevation of simulation actual track;
E, the displacement obtaining according to detection converse the tested train of two row in sweep and monitor procedure and whether occur interference, record wheel-rail lateral force Y and the wheel track vertical force Q of each wheel simultaneously, and then analyze curve passing through handling capacity.
2. rail vehicle curve negotiation ability method of testing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described test platform comprises top board and base plate, described vertical exciting device, horizontal exciting device and longitudinal exciting device are set between described top board and base plate, and described train is placed on described top board.
3. rail vehicle curve negotiation ability method of testing according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: three vertical exciting devices are set in each test platform, wherein, two vertical exciting devices are symmetricly set on the below of bogie pivot center along width of the carbody direction, another vertical exciting device is arranged on bogie the place ahead.
4. rail vehicle curve negotiation ability method of testing according to claim 2, is characterized in that: at the rear portion of described base plate, erect and have squab panel, be respectively connected with a described longitudinal exciting device between the top of described squab panel and the side of the both sides of top board.
5. rail vehicle curve negotiation ability method of testing according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: on the right side of described base plate, stand and have a right web plate, top board left side below be provided with left gusset, between the top of right web plate and left gusset, be connected with a described horizontal exciting device.
6. rail vehicle curve negotiation ability method of testing according to claim 1, is characterized in that: before above-mentioned steps D, control four described test platform height and reach sustained height.
7. rail vehicle curve negotiation ability method of testing according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in above-mentioned steps D, control a plurality of vertical exciting devices motion certain displacement up or down respectively, simulate the superelevation of different actual tracks.
8. rail vehicle curve negotiation ability method of testing according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the direction along width of the carbody on described top board is provided with a plurality of elongated track shape groove being parallel to each other, the wheel of different size vehicle is to dropping on after test platform, with tiltedly carving, the described track shape groove of relevant position coordinated train and top board are fixed with taking turns.
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| CN106225978B (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2022-02-08 | 青岛大学 | Railway transverse wheel rail force calibration device, system and calibration method thereof |
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| CN110398381A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2019-11-01 | 株洲中车时代电气股份有限公司 | A kind of experimental rig of analog orbital curve superelevation |
| CN109357860A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-02-19 | 中车青岛四方车辆研究所有限公司 | Bend simulation mechanism, hitch even hang testing stand and its pilot system |
| CN109974993A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-07-05 | 湖南铁道职业技术学院天一实业有限公司 | The detection method of locomotive cab apron system test platform and locomotive cab apron system |
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| CN113865894A (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2021-12-31 | 国能铁路装备有限责任公司 | Method, system and device for detecting curve passing performance of railway vehicle |
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