CN103658533A - Ceramic shell mould used for beryllium aluminium alloy, and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Ceramic shell mould used for beryllium aluminium alloy, and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a ceramic shell mould used for beryllium aluminium alloy, and a preparation method thereof. The ceramic shell mould used for beryllium aluminium alloy is composed of a surface layer, a transition layer, and a reinforced layer; the surface layer is prepared by taking calcined alumina powder with a granularity of 300 to 325 meshes, and alumina sand with a granularity of 80 to 120 meshes as raw materials; the transition layer is prepared by taking mulgrain powder with a granularity of 200 to 225 meshes, and mulgrain sand with a granularity of 25 to 36 meshes as raw materials; the reinforced layer is prepared by taking mulgrain powder with a granularity of 200 to 225 meshes, and mulgrain sand with a granularity of 10 to 16 meshes as raw materials. According to the ceramic shell mould, alumina and mulgrain sand which possess no toxicity, and are cheap are taken as raw materials, so that the obtained ceramic shell mould possesses no toxicity, is safe and reliable, possesses high temperature resistance, high strength, and high stability, and no pollution is caused. The materials are low in cost, so that raw material cost and protection cost are reduced greatly; the preparation method is simple; process flow is short; production cost is low; and stability and finished product yield of obtained beryllium aluminium alloy products are high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of nonferrous metal processing, particularly relate to ceramic shell mould and preparation method for a kind of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy.
Background technology
Beryllium alumin(i)um alloy precision-investment casting is a kind of near-net-shape technology, can produce the part of clean shape, has reduced the refining losses such as material cutting.At present, in the sector, pouring into a mould ceramic shell mould used is the beryllium oxide formwork of the patent CN1125963A report of Bradley Shi Weierman, and its preparation method is beryllium oxide (BeO) slurry to be coated with to hang on wax-pattern make.The weak point of this method is that beryllium oxide toxicity is large, cost is high, and environmental pollution is serious, has increased the difficulty of protection.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is just to overcome above-mentioned defect of the prior art, and a kind of nontoxicity, pollution-free is provided, and technique is simple, and production cost is low, and high temperature resistant, intensity is high, the beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ceramic shell mould of good stability;
Another object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of ceramic shell mould for above-mentioned beryllium alumin(i)um alloy.
The ceramic shell mould that hot investment casting is used as beryllium alumin(i)um alloy, must possess; 1) high temperature resistant, the fusing of can not feeling like jelly when beryllium alumin(i)um alloy pouring metal melt; 2) intensity is high, when beryllium alumin(i)um alloy is poured into a mould, can not be split up; 3) ceramic shell mould surface material does not react with beryllium alumin(i)um alloy liquation; 4) heat impact strength will be got well; 5) when high temperature, dimensional stability will be got well.
For the foregoing reasons, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:
A beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ceramic shell mould, it is characterized in that being comprised of surface layer, transition zone and back-up coat, and it is that 300~325 object calcined oxide aluminium powders and granularity are that 80~120 object aluminum oxide sand are raw material that wherein said surface layer adopts granularity; It is that in 200~225 objects, shop powder and granularity are that in 25~36 objects, shop sand is raw material that transition zone adopts granularity; It is that in 200~225 objects, shop powder and granularity are that in 10~16 objects, shop sand is raw material that back-up coat adopts granularity.
The preparation method of ceramic shell mould for above-mentioned beryllium alumin(i)um alloy, is characterized in that its technical process is:
1) prepare wax-pattern;
2) wax-pattern is immersed in to calcined oxide aluminium powder and mainly contains in the slurry that binding agent that Ludox forms is mixed into, within static 5~10 seconds, take out afterwards, then by drenching sand machine, aluminum oxide sand is coated with and hangs over wax-pattern surface, under 20 ± 2 ℃ of temperature conditions natural air drying after 3~4 hours, repeat this process 1~2 time surface layer;
3) surface layer is immersed in to upper shop powder and mainly contains in the slurry that binding agent that Ludox forms is mixed into, within static 5~10 seconds, take out afterwards, then by floating sand machine, upper shop sand is coated with and hangs over its surface, under 20 ± 2 ℃ of temperature conditions, after natural air drying 12-24 hour, repeat this process 3~4 times transition zone;
4) transition zone is immersed in to upper shop powder and mainly contains in the slurry that binding agent that Ludox forms is mixed into, within static 5~10 seconds, take out afterwards, then by floating sand machine, upper shop sand is coated with and hangs over its surface, under 20 ± 2 ℃ of temperature conditions, after natural air drying 12-24 hour, repeat this process 1~2 time back-up coat;
5) dewaxing, sintering.
Described Ludox is the Ludox that dioxide-containing silica is 30%, pH is 6~8.
In described surface layer, the weight proportion of calcined oxide aluminium powder and binding agent is 2:1~2:1.5.
In described transition zone, the weight proportion of upper shop powder and binding agent is 2:1.5~1:1.
In described back-up coat, the weight proportion of upper shop sand and binding agent is 2:1.5~1:1.
The described binding agent that mainly contains Ludox formation consists of:
Ludox: 94%~97%,
Defoamer: 0.5%~1%,
Molten humectant: 0.5%~1%,
Pure water: 2%~4%.Wherein defoamer is YQ-C01 type silicone defoaming agent, and it is a kind of surfactant, and its effect is to suppress slurry foaming.Molten humectant is the molten humectant of YQ-D01, and it is also a kind of surfactant, and its effect is the being coated with property of improving between coating and wax-pattern.
Described dewaxing temperature is controlled at 165 ± 5 ℃.
Described sintering temperature is controlled in the following manner: 200 ℃/insulation 1h → 400 ℃/insulation 1.0h → 600 ℃/insulation 1.0h → 800 ℃/insulation 1.0h → 1100 ℃/1.0h/insulation 2h.
The raw materials such as employing of the present invention nontoxicity itself, the aluminium oxide that price is low, upper shop sand, so prepared beryllium alumin(i)um alloy is non-toxic, pollution-free, low, safe and reliable to environmental requirement with ceramic shell mould, there is high temperature resistant, the advantage such as intensity is high, good stability, and because the price of raw material is low, cost of material and protection cost have greatly been saved.Preparation technology of the present invention is simple, and technological process is short, and production cost is low.Apply beryllium alumin(i)um alloy of the present invention and can improve stability and the yield rate of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy product with ceramic shell mould, produce good economic worth.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with example, the specific embodiment of the present invention is elaborated.
embodiment 1:a kind of for Be-38%Al alloy precision mold and pattern for casting shell preparation method process:
1, according to the required wax-pattern of existing method preparing product.First wax material is preheating in wax injector within the scope of 65 ℃~70 ℃, then cured material is filled within the time of 15~30 seconds to type in metal punching block, in pressurize after 30~60 seconds, the wax part of moulding is placed in normal temperature pond from taking out in metal punching block, after cooling 1~2 hour, carry out dimensional measurement, each size is qualified wax-pattern after meeting drawing requirement.
2, mixed slurry:
Binding agent: the Ludox that dioxide-containing silica is 30%, pH is 6~8: 96%,
The organic defoamer of YQ-C01 type: 0.5%,
The organic wetting agent of YQ-D01 type: 0.5%,
Pure water: 3%.
Surface layer slurry: calcined oxide aluminium powder (granularity is 300~325 orders) is mixed according to the ratio of 2:1 with above-mentioned binding agent, stir standby.
Transition zone slurry: upper shop powder (granularity 200~225 orders) is mixed according to the ratio of 2:1.5 with above-mentioned binding agent, stir standby.
Back-up coat slurry: upper shop powder (granularity 200~225 orders) is mixed according to the ratio of 2:1.5 with above-mentioned binding agent, stir standby.
3, surface layer is coated with: wax-pattern is immersed in above-mentioned surface layer slurry, within static 5~10 seconds, take out afterwards, then by drenching sand machine, aluminum oxide sand (granularity is 80~120 orders) is coated with and hangs over wax-pattern surface, then natural air drying 3 hours under 20 ± 2 ℃ of conditions, repeat afterwards this process 2 times surface layer, controlled humidity 60~70%.
4, transition zone is coated with: surface layer is immersed in above-mentioned transition zone slurry, within static 5~10 seconds, take out afterwards, then by floating sand machine, upper shop sand (granularity is 25~36 orders) is coated with and hangs over its surface, then natural air drying 24 hours under 20 ± 2 ℃ of conditions, repeat afterwards this process 3 times transition zone, controlled humidity 50~60%.
5, back-up coat is coated with: transition zone is immersed in above-mentioned back-up coat slurry, within static 5~10 seconds, take out afterwards, then by floating sand machine, upper shop sand (granularity is 10~16 orders) is coated with and hangs over its surface, natural air drying 24 hours under 20 ± 2 ℃ of conditions then, repeat afterwards this process 2 times back-up coat; Controlled humidity 40~50%.
6, according to above-mentioned process conditions: surface layer 2 times, transition zone 3 times, back-up coat 2 times, obtains the ceramic shell mould of desired thickness and intensity;
7, dewaxing: set dewaxing time, pressure according to shell size.Dewaxing temperature is 165 ± 5 ℃.
8, sintering: will strictly control sintering temperature during sintering formwork: 200 ℃/insulation 1h → 400 ℃/insulation 1.0h → 600 ℃/insulation 1.0h → 800 ℃/insulation 1.0h → 1100 ℃/1.0h/insulation 2h.Heat up, temperature-fall period requires evenly, steadily, thermograde is little avoids shock heating quenching.
9, deposit: sintering finishes rear taking-up ceramic shell mould, place it in and ventilate under good room temperature environment.
embodiment 2:a kind of for Be-34%Al-4%Ni alloy precision mold and pattern for casting shell preparation method process:
1, according to the required wax-pattern of existing method preparing product.First cured material is preheating in wax injector within the scope of 65 ℃~70 ℃, then cured material is filled within the time of 15~30 seconds to type in metal punching block, in pressurize after 30~60 seconds, the wax part of moulding is placed in normal temperature pond from taking out in metal punching block, after cooling 1~2 hour, carry out dimensional measurement, each size is qualified wax-pattern after meeting drawing requirement.
2, mixed slurry:
Binding agent: binding agent: the Ludox that dioxide-containing silica is 30%, pH is 6~8: 97%,
The organic defoamer of YQ-C01 type: 0.5%,
The organic wetting agent of YQ-D01 type: 0.5%,
Pure water: 2%.
Surface layer slurry: calcined oxide aluminium powder (granularity is 300~325 orders) is mixed according to the ratio of 2:1.5 with above-mentioned binding agent, stir standby.
Transition zone slurry: upper shop powder (granularity 200~225 orders) is mixed according to the ratio of 1:1 with above-mentioned binding agent, stir standby.
Back-up coat slurry: upper shop powder (granularity 200~225 orders) is mixed according to the ratio of 1:1 with above-mentioned binding agent, stir standby.
3, surface layer is coated with: wax-pattern is immersed in above-mentioned surface layer slurry, within static 5~10 seconds, take out afterwards, then by drenching sand machine, aluminum oxide sand (granularity is 80~120 orders) is coated with and hangs over wax-pattern surface, then natural air drying 4 hours under 20 ± 2 ℃ of conditions, repeat afterwards this process 1 time surface layer, controlled humidity 60~70%.
4, transition zone is coated with: surface layer is immersed in transition zone slurry, within static 5~10 seconds, take out afterwards, then by floating sand machine, upper shop sand (granularity is 25~36 orders) is coated with and hangs over its surface, then natural air drying 24 hours under 20 ± 2 ℃ of conditions, repeat afterwards this process 4 times transition zone, controlled humidity 50~60%.
5, back-up coat is coated with: transition zone is immersed in above-mentioned back-up coat slurry, within static 5~10 seconds, take out afterwards, then by floating sand machine, upper shop sand (granularity is 10~16 orders) is coated with and hangs over its surface, then natural air drying 24 hours under 20 ± 2 ℃ of conditions, repeat afterwards this process 2 times back-up coat; Controlled humidity 40~50%.
6, according to above-mentioned process conditions: surface layer 1 time, transition zone 4 times, back-up coat 2 times, obtains the ceramic shell mould of desired thickness and intensity;
7, dewaxing: set dewaxing time, pressure according to shell size.Dewaxing temperature is 165 ± 5 ℃.
8, sintering: will strictly control sintering temperature during sintering formwork: 200 ℃/insulation 1h → 400 ℃/insulation 1.0h → 600 ℃/insulation 1.0h → 800 ℃/insulation 1.0h → 1100 ℃/1.0h/insulation 2h.Heat up, temperature-fall period requires evenly, steadily, thermograde is little avoids shock heating quenching.
9, deposit: sintering finishes rear taking-up ceramic shell mould, place it in and ventilate under good room temperature environment.
embodiment 3:a kind of for Be-34%Al-4%Ni alloy precision mold and pattern for casting shell preparation method process:
1, according to the required wax-pattern of existing method preparing product.First cured material is preheating in wax injector within the scope of 65 ℃~70 ℃, then cured material is filled within the time of 15~30 seconds to type in metal punching block, in pressurize after 30~60 seconds, the wax part of moulding is placed in normal temperature pond from taking out in metal punching block, after cooling 1~2 hour, carry out dimensional measurement, each size is qualified wax-pattern after meeting drawing requirement.
2, mixed slurry:
Binding agent: binding agent: the Ludox that dioxide-containing silica is 30%, pH is 6~8: 94%,
The organic defoamer of YQ-C01 type: 1%,
The organic wetting agent of YQ-D01 type: 1%,
Pure water: 4%.
Surface layer slurry: calcined oxide aluminium powder (granularity is 300~325 orders) is mixed according to the ratio of 2:1.2 with above-mentioned binding agent, stir standby.
Transition zone slurry: upper shop powder (granularity 200~225 orders) is mixed according to the ratio of 2:1.8 with above-mentioned binding agent, stir standby.
Back-up coat slurry: upper shop powder (granularity 200~225 orders) is mixed according to the ratio of 2:1.8 with above-mentioned binding agent, stir standby.
3, surface layer is coated with: wax-pattern is immersed in above-mentioned surface layer slurry, within static 5~10 seconds, take out afterwards, then by drenching sand machine, aluminum oxide sand (granularity is 80~120 orders) is coated with and hangs over wax-pattern surface, then natural air drying 4 hours under 20 ± 2 ℃ of conditions, repeat afterwards this process 1 time surface layer, controlled humidity 60~70%.
4, transition zone is coated with: surface layer is immersed in above-mentioned transition zone slurry slurry, within static 5~10 seconds, take out afterwards, then by floating sand machine, upper shop sand (granularity is 25~36 orders) is coated with and hangs over its surface, then natural air drying 12 hours under 20 ± 2 ℃ of conditions, repeat afterwards this process 4 times transition zone, controlled humidity 50~60%.
5, back-up coat is coated with: transition zone is immersed in above-mentioned back-up coat slurry, within static 5~10 seconds, take out afterwards, then by floating sand machine, upper shop sand (granularity is 10~16 orders) is coated with and hangs over its surface, then natural air drying 12 hours under 20 ± 2 ℃ of conditions, repeat afterwards this process 2 times back-up coat; Controlled humidity 40~50%.
6, according to above-mentioned process conditions: surface layer 1 time, transition zone 4 times, back-up coat 2 times, obtains the ceramic shell mould of desired thickness and intensity;
7, dewaxing: set dewaxing time, pressure according to shell size.Dewaxing temperature is 165 ± 5 ℃.
8, sintering: will strictly control sintering temperature during sintering formwork: 200 ℃/insulation 1h → 400 ℃/insulation 1.0h → 600 ℃/insulation 1.0h → 800 ℃/insulation 1.0h → 1100 ℃/1.0h/insulation 2h.Heat up, temperature-fall period requires evenly, steadily, thermograde is little avoids shock heating quenching.
9, deposit: sintering finishes rear taking-up ceramic shell mould, place it in and ventilate under good room temperature environment.
Claims (9)
1. a beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ceramic shell mould, it is characterized in that being comprised of surface layer, transition zone and back-up coat, and it is that 300~325 object calcined oxide aluminium powders and granularity are that 80~120 object aluminum oxide sand are raw material that wherein said surface layer adopts granularity; It is that in 200~225 objects, shop powder and granularity are that in 25~36 objects, shop sand is raw material that transition zone adopts granularity; It is that in 200~225 objects, shop powder and granularity are that in 10~16 objects, shop sand is raw material that back-up coat adopts granularity.
2. a preparation method for ceramic shell mould for beryllium alumin(i)um alloy as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that its technical process is:
1) prepare wax-pattern;
2) wax-pattern is immersed in to calcined oxide aluminium powder and mainly contains in the slurry that binding agent that Ludox forms is mixed into, within static 5~10 seconds, take out afterwards, then by drenching sand machine, aluminum oxide sand is coated with and hangs over wax-pattern surface, under 20 ± 2 ℃ of temperature conditions natural air drying after 3~4 hours, repeat this process 1~2 time surface layer;
3) surface layer is immersed in to upper shop powder and mainly contains in the slurry that binding agent that Ludox forms is mixed into, within static 5~10 seconds, take out afterwards, then by floating sand machine, upper shop sand is coated with and hangs over its surface, under 20 ± 2 ℃ of temperature conditions, after natural air drying 12-24 hour, repeat this process 3~4 times transition zone;
4) transition zone is immersed in to upper shop powder and mainly contains in the slurry that binding agent that Ludox forms is mixed into, within static 5~10 seconds, take out afterwards, then by floating sand machine, upper shop sand is coated with and hangs over its surface, under 20 ± 2 ℃ of temperature conditions, after natural air drying 12-24 hour, repeat this process 1~2 time back-up coat;
5) dewaxing, sintering.
3. the preparation method with ceramic shell mould according to beryllium alumin(i)um alloy claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that described Ludox is the Ludox that dioxide-containing silica is 30%, pH is 6~8.
4. the preparation method with ceramic shell mould according to beryllium alumin(i)um alloy claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that in described surface layer, the weight proportion of calcined oxide aluminium powder and binding agent is 2:1~2:1.5.
5. the preparation method with ceramic shell mould according to beryllium alumin(i)um alloy claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that in described transition zone, the weight proportion of upper shop powder and binding agent is 2:1.5~1:1.
6. the preparation method with ceramic shell mould according to beryllium alumin(i)um alloy claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that in described back-up coat, the weight proportion of upper shop sand and binding agent is 2:1.5~1:1.
7. according to the beryllium alumin(i)um alloy described in claim 2 or 4 or 5 or 6, use the preparation method of ceramic shell mould, the binding agent that mainly contains Ludox formation described in it is characterized in that consists of:
Ludox: 94%~97%,
Defoamer: 0.5%~1%,
Molten humectant: 0.5%~1%,
Pure water: 2%~4%.
8. the preparation method with ceramic shell mould according to beryllium alumin(i)um alloy claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that described dewaxing temperature is controlled at 165 ± 5 ℃.
9. the preparation method with ceramic shell mould according to beryllium alumin(i)um alloy claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that described sintering temperature controls in the following manner: 200 ℃/insulation 1h → 400 ℃/insulation 1.0h → 600 ℃/insulation 1.0h → 800 ℃/insulation 1.0h → 1100 ℃/1.0h/insulation 2h.
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CN110918875A (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2020-03-27 | 西北稀有金属材料研究院宁夏有限公司 | Preparation method of mold shell for casting beryllium-aluminum alloy |
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