CN103658476B - A kind of thick-wall hollow forging integral forming method of special-shaped angle head cylindrical band boss - Google Patents

A kind of thick-wall hollow forging integral forming method of special-shaped angle head cylindrical band boss Download PDF

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CN103658476B
CN103658476B CN201310661361.6A CN201310661361A CN103658476B CN 103658476 B CN103658476 B CN 103658476B CN 201310661361 A CN201310661361 A CN 201310661361A CN 103658476 B CN103658476 B CN 103658476B
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forging
ring body
die
stock
special
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CN103658476A (en
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杨晓禹
刘颖
刘凯泉
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Tianjin Heavy Equipment Engineering Research Co Ltd
China First Heavy Industries Co Ltd
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Tianjin Heavy Equipment Engineering Research Co Ltd
China First Heavy Industries Co Ltd
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Abstract

The present invention discloses a kind of thick-wall hollow forging integral forming method of special-shaped angle head cylindrical band boss, comprise: 1) obtain forging part drawing, comprise shape and size, 2) according to forging shape and size, simulation die forging process is adopted to optimize forging stock shape, and the size value, 3 of forging stock is calculated in conjunction with volume invariance principle) according to forging and forging stock design team matched moulds, 4) die forging, several like this step.The present invention carries out disposable die forging by prefabricated forging stock and making assembling die, and forming effect is good, and forging permeability is good, and forging streamline is complete.

Description

A kind of thick-wall hollow forging integral forming method of special-shaped angle head cylindrical band boss
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of forging, mainly about with special-shaped end face, the overall near-net forming forging method simultaneously having the thick-wall hollow forging of boss at cylindrical.
Background technology
In production by two ends with space curved surface, and cylindrical is with the thick-wall hollow forging of boss, often to increase more than technique in both ends of the surface and cylindrical by largest contours and it can be used as thick-wall cylinder forging to forge after block.Thick-wall cylinder forging general process route adopted in traditional flat-die forging is produced is: jumping-up, punching, core bar drawing (saddle forging).Because the wall thickness of forging and length dimension significantly increase, very large on the impact of forging operation and forging quality, especially the increase of wall thickness is maximum for forging mechanical impact.Due to the significantly increase of wall thickness, the forging permeability of forging is poor, the raising of end tension in core bar drawing process simultaneously makes end face tearing tendency increase, this requires III high type III pressure vessel forging for serviceability and safe class, be difficult to meet UT flaw detection, T/4 sampling performance and impact property requirement, aborning repair rate and scrappage all very high (first-time qualification rate is only about 60%).For thoroughly changing this high flow rate, the situation of low output, is badly in need of exploitation and is used for special-shaped end face, the overall near-net forming Forging Technology technology having the thick-wall hollow forging of boss at cylindrical simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problem, the invention provides a kind of thick-wall hollow forging integral forming method of special-shaped angle head cylindrical band boss.Utilize hollow forging stock, in shaping dies, adopt progressively the process of die-forging forming gradually, go out full appearance with little plastic force die forging, the labyrinth thick-wall hollow forging that the distribution of stress, strain regime is good, internal soundness is excellent.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme: a kind of thick-wall hollow forging integral forming method of special-shaped angle head cylindrical band boss, comprises the steps:
1) obtain forging part drawing, comprise shape and size;
2) according to forging shape and size, adopt simulation die forging process to optimize forging stock shape, and calculate the size value of forging stock in conjunction with volume invariance principle;
3) according to forging and forging stock design team matched moulds, upper ring body, finishing die, core, special-shaped end face ring body, lower ring body is comprised;
4) die forging.
Wherein, die forging specifically comprises the steps:
1., after forging stock being heated in heating furnace the initial forging temperature of material, held for some time, coming out of the stove and hang in described combination die;
2. combination die is placed on press bench, combination die assembled relation is: special-shaped end face ring body is positioned at the most end, and outer cover establishes finishing die, and core wears core, finishing die on abnormity end face ring body and position sandwiched forging stock between core, be installed with upper ring body on forging stock;
3. with forcing press moved cross beam, pressure is applied to upper ring body, until upper ring body upper surface is depressed with concordant rear stopping the in upper surface of finishing die and core;
4. lifted by crane together with forging by die assembly, by lower ring body pad below special-shaped end face ring body, moved cross beam is depressed again, and after observation lower ring body is pressed into finishing die completely, die-forging forming terminates, and the demoulding obtains finished product forging.
Described forging can be divided into as lower part:
1) straight section stage portion, comprises characteristic size: internal diameter D 3, outer diameter D 2, straight section length of bench L 7;
2) the type conical bench portion of side, after being next to straight section stage portion, comprises characteristic size: large end outer rim D 1, small end outer rim D 2, taper subtended angle θ 2, type conical bench length L 8, taper small end distance straight section stage portion end face L 7;
3) with the middle straight section stage portion of type conical bench portion homonymy, after being next to type conical bench portion, characteristic size is comprised: maximum outer rim D 1, length is: L 0-(L 1+ L 8+ L 7), wherein L 1for shape of a saddle endless belt axial length;
4) with the cylindrical boss portion of type conical bench portion and middle straight section stage portion opposite side, characteristic size is comprised: the long L of boss 3, the wide L of boss 5, boss outer rim is apart from distance between center line L 6, boss near-end is L apart from straight section stage portion 11 outer face 4.
5) shape of a saddle endless belt portion, after being next to middle straight section stage portion, comprises characteristic size: endless belt outer rim D 0, endless belt outer end take radius as R 0the saddle-shaped surface that forms of circular arc, be R with radius inside endless belt 1circular arc form saddle-shaped surface, the center of circle of two sections of circular arcs is all positioned on forging axis, and endless belt axial length is L 1, with middle straight section stage portion intersection rounding inside endless belt;
6) core, from straight section stage portion, one section isometrical section before this, length L 2, internal diameter D 3; Then be persistent taper reducer, reducing subtended angle is θ 1; Taper reducing extends to and radius R 0saddle-shaped surface intersect till, its intersection position rounding.
Corresponding to described forging, the concrete grammar of forging stock design is:
First according to the part drawing of forging, forging volume V after utilizing 3D sculpting software moulding, is recorded 0, the volume V of forging stock is chosen for K V 0(K=1.05 ~ 1.1); Design forging stock is tubular construction simultaneously, and size is as follows:
D 4=D 1+△t
T 0=D 1-D 3+30mm
L 9 = 1.1 V 0.785 [ D 4 2 - ( D 4 - 2 T 0 ) 2 ]
Wherein D 4for the external diameter of forging stock, T 0for the wall thickness of forging stock, L 9for forging stock length, △ t forges surplus, and value is 20 ~ 30mm, and being converted into one-sided wall thickness allowances is 10 ~ 15mm.
Corresponding to described forging and forging stock, mold portions physical dimension is as follows:
For upper ring body, have:
Outer diameter D 5=D 1+ △ t-10
Internal diameter D 6=D 4+ 10mm=D 1+ △ t+10mm
Internal diameter subtended angle θ 3=θ 2
Overall length L 10=L 7+ L 8+ 5 △ t
Step height L 11=L 10-L 4-△ t
The wide L of step 12=L 5+ △ t
Step lateral surface is apart from distance between center line L 13=L 6+ △ t
For finishing die, have:
Interior path D 7=D 1+ △ t
Interior large footpath D 8=D 0+ △ t
Overall length L 14=L 0+ 10 △ t
Interior large path length L 15=R 0-R 1+ 5 △ t
Stage portion height L 16=L 3+ L 4+ 6 △ t
The wide L of stage portion 17=L 12+ 10mm=L 5+ △ t+10mm
Apart from distance between center line L outside stage portion 18=L 13+ 5mm=L 6+ △ t+5mm
Inner arc radius R 2=R 1-△ t
For core, have:
Small end outer diameter D 9=D 3-△ t
Large end outer diameter D 10=D 9+ 2(L 19-L 20-L 21) * cos(θ 4/ 2)
Overall length L 19=L 14=L 0+ 10 △ t
The long L of large end 20=L 14-L 0-5 △ t=5 △ t
Long-toe-short-heel L 21=L 2+ 5 △ t
Tapering transition subtended angle θ between large small end 4=θ 1
For special-shaped end face ring body, have:
Internal diameter D 11=D 10+ 10mm=D 3-△ t+10mm
Outer diameter D 12=D 8-10mm=D 0+ △ t-10mm
High L 22=L 1+ 5 △ t
For lower ring body, have:
Internal diameter D 13=D 11+ 20mm=D 3-△ t+30mm
Outer diameter D 14=D 12-20mm=D 8-30mm
High L 23=5 △ t
The present invention has the following advantages owing to taking above technical scheme: 1. the present invention is by prefabricated forging stock, and makes assembling die, and carry out disposable die-forging forming, operating process is simple and easy to do, and forming quality is stablized; 2. forming effect is good, reduces machining amount, saves metal material; 3. forge permeability good, forging streamline is complete, can improve the performance rate (machinery and physicochemical property) of forging; 4. the manufacturing cycle shortens, once-forming, without the need to multiple working procedure; 5. mould structure is simple, and product qualified rate is high, forging low cost of manufacture.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1-1 is the main sectional view of forging;
Fig. 1-2 is the axle center sectional view of Fig. 1-1;
Fig. 1-3 be in Fig. 1-1 along A to view;
Fig. 2 is forging stock figure;
Fig. 3 is forging front mold and forging stock syntagmatic figure;
Fig. 4 is forging rear mold and profiled member syntagmatic figure;
Fig. 5-1 is the main sectional view of upper ring body in mould;
Fig. 5-2 is upward views of upper ring body in mould;
Fig. 5-3 is the A direction view in Fig. 5-1;
The main sectional view of finishing die in Fig. 6-1 mould;
Fig. 6-2 is top views of finishing die in mould;
Fig. 7 is the front view of mould core mould;
Fig. 8 is the main sectional view of special-shaped end face ring body in mould.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is shaped by following processing step the thick-wall hollow forging of special-shaped angle head cylindrical band boss:
1) first obtained the concrete structure size of forging by drawing, as shown in Fig. 1-1,1-2,1-3, forging can be divided into a few part by profile:
Straight section stage portion 11, comprises characteristic size: internal diameter D 3, outer diameter D 2, straight section length of bench L 7
The type conical bench portion 12 of side, after being next to straight section stage portion 11, comprises characteristic size: large end outer rim D 1, small end outer rim D 2, taper subtended angle θ 2, type conical bench length L 8, taper small end distance straight section stage portion end face L 7.
Middle straight section stage portion 13 with type conical bench portion 12 homonymy, after being next to type conical bench portion 12, comprises characteristic size: maximum outer rim D 1, length is: L 0-(L 1+ L 8+ L 7), wherein L 1for shape of a saddle endless belt axial length, see below about the introduction in shape of a saddle endless belt portion 15.
Cylindrical boss portion 14 with type conical bench portion 12 and middle straight section stage portion 13 opposite side, comprises characteristic size: the long L of boss 3, the wide L of boss 5, boss outer rim is apart from distance between center line L 6, boss near-end is L apart from straight section stage portion 11 outer face 4.
Shape of a saddle endless belt portion 15, after being next to middle straight section stage portion 13, comprises characteristic size: endless belt outer rim D 0, endless belt outer end take radius as R 0the saddle-shaped surface that forms of circular arc, be R with radius inside endless belt 1circular arc form saddle-shaped surface, endless belt axial length is L 1, with middle straight section stage portion 13 intersection rounding R inside endless belt 4.
The core 16 of whole forging, starts from straight section stage portion 11, one section isometrical section before this, length L 2, internal diameter D 3; Then be persistent taper reducer, reducing subtended angle is θ 1; Taper reducing extends to and R 0till the saddle-shaped surface that the circular arc of radius is formed intersects, its intersection position rounding R 3.
2) according to the metal flow conditions in numerical simulation die forging process, the prefabricated forging stock shape of optimum choice, calculate the size value obtaining forging stock in conjunction with volume invariance principle, concrete grammar is:
First according to the part drawing of forging, forging volume is recorded after utilizing 3D sculpting software moulding for V 0, in order to ensure forging part to fill type full, forging needs the generation of flash, and the volume V of prefabricated like this forging stock is chosen for K V 0(K=1.05 ~ 1.1); Simultaneously in conjunction with mould structure design and contour forging technique, designing prefabricated forging stock is tubular construction, and as Fig. 2, appearance and size is as follows:
D 4=D 1+△t
T 0=D 1-D 3+30mm
L 9 = 1.1 V 0.785 [ D 4 2 - ( D 4 - 2 T 0 ) 2 ]
Wherein D 4for the external diameter of forging stock, T 0for the wall thickness of forging stock, L 9for forging stock length, △ t forges surplus, and value is 20 ~ 30mm, and being converted into one-sided wall thickness allowances is 10 ~ 15mm.
3) according to above-mentioned forging and forging stock shape, size, design stamp forging mould, as shown in Figure 3,4, wherein Fig. 3 is beginning forging state to die assembly structure, and Fig. 4 is finish-forging state.
Corresponding to several characteristics of forging, the present invention adopts locally the mode of die forging gradually, and mould forms assembling die by upper ring body 1, finishing die 3, core 4, special-shaped end face ring body 5, lower ring body 6.Prefabricated forging stock 2 is placed in the assembling die be made up of these parts.
Each several part die structure size is as follows:
Upper ring body 1, is shown in Fig. 5-1,5-2,5-3, corresponding to straight section stage portion 11 and the type conical bench portion 12 of forging, has:
D 5=D 1+△t-10
D 6=D 4+10mm=D 1+△t+10mm
L 10=L 7+L 8+5△t
L 11=L 10-L 4-△t
L 12=L 5+△t
L 13=L 6+△t
θ 3=θ 2
For finishing die 3, see Fig. 6-1,6-2, corresponding to each several part profile of forging, have:
D 7=D 1+△t
D 8=D 0+△t
L 14=L 0+10△t
L 15=R 0-R 1+5△t
L 16=L 3+L 4+6△t
L 17=L 12+10mm=L 5+△t+10mm
L 18=L 13+5mm=L 6+△t+5mm
R 2=R 1-△t
For core 4, see Fig. 7, corresponding to forging core:
D 9=D 3-△t
D 10=D 9+2（L 19-L 20-L 21）*cos（θ 4/2）
L 19=L 14=L 0+10△t
L 20=L 14-L 0-5△t=5△t
L 21=L 2+5△t
θ 4=θ 1
For special-shaped end face ring body 5, see Fig. 8, corresponding to shape of a saddle endless belt portion 15, have:
D 11=D 10+10mm=D 3-△t+10mm
D 12=D 8-10mm=D 0+△t-10mm
L 22=L 1+5△t
For lower ring body 6, see Fig. 4, be connected the bottommost in mould:
D 13=D 11+20mm=D 3-△t+30mm
D 14=D 12-20mm=D 8-30mm
L 23=5△t
4) by after being ready to by the forging stock of above-mentioned design and mould, carry out die forging, process is:
1., after forging stock 2 being heated in heating furnace the initial forging temperature of material, held for some time, coming out of the stove and to hang in combination die as shown in Figure 3.
2. by forging stock and mould by being assembled in shown in Fig. 3 on press bench, assembled relation is: finishing die 3 established by special-shaped end face ring body 5 overcoat, abnormity end face ring body 5 li wears core 4, and the finishing die 3 on special-shaped end face ring body 5 and sandwiched forging stock 2 between core 4, be installed with upper ring body 1 on forging stock 2.
3. with forcing press moved cross beam, pressure is applied to upper ring body 1, until upper ring body 1 upper surface is depressed with concordant rear stopping the in upper surface of finishing die 3 and core 4.
4. lifted by crane together with forging by die assembly, padded below special-shaped end face ring body 5 by lower ring body 6, moved cross beam is depressed again, and after observation lower ring body 6 is pressed into finishing die 3 completely, die-forging forming terminates, and the demoulding obtains finished product forging.

Claims (4)

1. a thick-wall hollow forging integral forming method for special-shaped angle head cylindrical band boss, comprises the steps:
1) obtain forging part drawing, comprise shape and size;
2) according to forging shape and size, adopt simulation die forging process to optimize forging stock shape, and calculate the size value of forging stock in conjunction with volume invariance principle;
3) according to forging and forging stock design team matched moulds, upper ring body, finishing die, core, special-shaped end face ring body, lower ring body is comprised;
4) die forging;
Described die forging comprises the steps:
1. forging stock is heated in heating furnace the initial forging temperature of material, after held for some time, comes out of the stove and hang in described combination die;
2. combination die is placed on press bench, combination die assembled relation is: special-shaped end face ring body is positioned at the most end, and outer cover establishes finishing die, and core wears core, finishing die on abnormity end face ring body and position sandwiched forging stock between core, be installed with upper ring body on forging stock;
3. with forcing press moved cross beam, pressure is applied to upper ring body, until upper ring body upper surface is depressed with concordant rear stopping the in upper surface of finishing die and core;
4. lifted by crane together with forging stock by combination die, by lower ring body pad below special-shaped end face ring body, moved cross beam is depressed again, and after observation lower ring body is pressed into finishing die completely, die-forging forming terminates, and the demoulding obtains finished product forging.
2. the thick-wall hollow forging integral forming method of special-shaped angle head cylindrical band boss according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described forging comprises:
1) straight section stage portion, comprises characteristic size: internal diameter D 3, outer diameter D 2, straight section length of bench L 7;
2) the type conical bench portion of side, after being next to straight section stage portion, comprises characteristic size: large end outer rim D 1, small end outer rim D 2, taper subtended angle θ 2, type conical bench length L 8, type conical bench portion small end distance straight section stage portion end face L 7;
3) with the middle straight section stage portion of type conical bench portion homonymy, after being next to type conical bench portion, characteristic size is comprised: maximum outer rim D 1, length is: L 0-(L 1+ L 8+ L 7), wherein L 1for shape of a saddle endless belt axial length; L 0for the total length of described forging;
4) with the cylindrical boss portion of type conical bench portion and middle straight section stage portion opposite side, characteristic size is comprised: the long L of boss 3, the wide L of boss 5, boss outer rim is apart from distance between center line L 6, boss near-end is L apart from straight section stage portion (11) outer face 4;
5) shape of a saddle endless belt portion, after being next to middle straight section stage portion, comprises characteristic size: endless belt outer rim D 0, endless belt outer end take radius as R 0the saddle-shaped surface that forms of circular arc, be R with radius inside endless belt 1circular arc form saddle-shaped surface, the center of circle of two sections of circular arcs is all positioned on forging axis, and endless belt axial length is L 1, with middle straight section stage portion intersection rounding inside endless belt;
6) core, from straight section stage portion, one section isometrical section before this, length L 2, internal diameter D 3; Then be persistent taper reducer, reducing subtended angle is θ 1; Taper reducer extends to and radius R 0saddle-shaped surface intersect till, its intersection position rounding.
3. the thick-wall hollow forging integral forming method of special-shaped angle head cylindrical band boss according to claim 2, is characterized in that, corresponding to described forging, the concrete grammar of described forging stock design is:
First according to the part drawing of forging, forging volume V after utilizing 3D sculpting software moulding, is recorded 0, the volume V of forging stock is chosen for K V 0, K=1.05 ~ 1.1; Design forging stock is tubular construction simultaneously, and size is as follows:
D 4＝D 1+△t
T 0＝D 1-D 3+30mm
L 9 = 1.1 V 0.785 [ D 4 2 - ( D 4 - 2 T 0 ) 2 ]
Wherein D 4for the external diameter of forging stock, T 0for the wall thickness of forging stock, L 9for forging stock length, △ t is forging surplus, and value is 20 ~ 30mm, and being converted into one-sided wall thickness allowances is 10 ~ 15mm.
4. the thick-wall hollow forging integral forming method of special-shaped angle head cylindrical band boss according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, corresponding to described forging and forging stock, combination die Each part size is as follows:
For upper ring body, have:
Outer diameter D 5=D 1+ △ t-10
Internal diameter D 6=D 4+ 10mm=D 1+ △ t+10mm
Internal diameter subtended angle θ 3=θ 2
Overall length L 10=L 7+ L 8+ 5 △ t
Step height L 11=L 10-L 4-△ t
The wide L of step 12=L 5+ △ t
Step lateral surface is apart from distance between center line L 13=L 6+ △ t
For finishing die, have:
Interior path D 7=D 1+ △ t
Interior large footpath D 8=D 0+ △ t
Overall length L 14=L 0+ 10 △ t
Interior large path length L 15=R 0-R 1+ 5 △ t
Stage portion height L 16=L 3+ L 4+ 6 △ t
The wide L of stage portion 17=L 12+ 10mm=L 5+ △ t+10mm
Apart from distance between center line L outside stage portion 18=L 13+ 5mm=L 6+ △ t+5mm
Inner arc radius R 2=R 1-△ t
For core, have:
Small end outer diameter D 9=D 3-△ t
Large end outer diameter D 10=D 9+ 2 (L 19-L 20-L 21) * cos (θ 4/ 2)
Overall length L 19=L 14=L 0+ 10 △ t
The long L of large end 20=L 14-L 0-5 △ t=5 △ t
Long-toe-short-heel L 21=L 2+ 5 △ t
Tapering transition subtended angle θ between large small end 4=θ 1
For special-shaped end face ring body, have:
Internal diameter D 11=D 10+ 10mm=D 3-△ t+10mm
Outer diameter D 12=D 8-10mm=D 0+ △ t-10mm
High L 22=L 1+ 5 △ t
For lower ring body, have:
Internal diameter D 13=D 11+ 20mm=D 3-△ t+30mm
Outer diameter D 14=D 12-20mm=D 8-30mm
High L 23=5 △ t.
CN201310661361.6A 2013-12-06 2013-12-06 A kind of thick-wall hollow forging integral forming method of special-shaped angle head cylindrical band boss Active CN103658476B (en)

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