CN103631989B - A kind of centrifugal pump flow induction noise numerical prediction method - Google Patents
A kind of centrifugal pump flow induction noise numerical prediction method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of centrifugal pump flow induction noise numerical prediction method, the present invention provides a kind of centrifugal pump flow induction noise numerical prediction method of sound source characteristic calculating its flow noise on the basis of the result of the test of performance of centrifugal pump test, and the method can preferably overcome and do not considers in Traditional calculating methods that pump body structure on the impact of acoustic propagation and ignores the shortcomings such as eddy current broadband noise.The result that analysis and the far-field noise value of centrifugal pump internal flow calculate is applied to centrifugal pump low noise the Hydraulic Design, it is possible to reduce test number (TN), shortens the R&D cycle, save development cost, be effectively improved the designing quality of centrifugal pump；The method using interpolation between fluid grid and acoustic mesh, can retain the sound source information of Flow Field Calculation to greatest extent；Utilize GREEN to analyze, the housing different parts contribution degree to noise can be obtained, this is studied, the early stage of housing can be designed or later stage amendment is optimized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Numerical Predicting Method of a kind of centrifugal rotary machine flow-induction noise, the hydrodynamic Numerical Predicting Method that in a kind of centrifugal pump, flow phenomenon causes.
Background technology
In recent years, noise pollution has become as pollutes the world three one of pollution greatly arranged side by side with air pollution and water, affects the body & mind state of people.The noise sent by common mechanical device, it has also become public hazards and paid close attention to by society, a lot of countries have all formulated many decrees and standard, it is proposed that vibration and the limit value of noise.Reduce noise and become a key factor of limit product quality.
As important energy conversion device and conveying equipment for fluid substances, centrifugal pump is widely used in all departments of national economy, and its noise has become one of Main Noise Sources of factory, pumping plant, submarine, naval vessel and residential quarters etc. the most.Applying the centrifugal pump in the field such as submarine, naval vessel, due to the gradually application of sonar reconnaissance technology, the research to active control and noise reduction technology means that it carries out unit vibration noise is particularly important.The noise that centrifugal pump produces is broadly divided into machinery and two aspects of flow-induction, along with the development of science and technology, the most active at mechanical noise control, passive the controlling of vibration and noise (as vibration isolation, absorbing, resistance shake, sound absorption etc.) in terms of obtain significant progress.But, the mechanism produced at the internal UNSTEADY FLOW induced vibration of centrifugal pump and noise and the active control technology (weakening and noise elimination) of the rule of development, flow-induced vibration and noise, and the optimization design aspect research of low vibration low noise centrifugal pump relatively lags behind, it is fundamental problems of application the most in the urgent need to address, is also one of the main trend of centrifugal pump vibration damping and Research of Noise Reduction.
Owing to existing research technique can not fully meet the needs of centrifugal pump flow-induction Research of Noise Characteristic, at submarine centrifugal pump flow noise characteristic research and urgent in terms of carrying out low noise the Hydraulic Design seek a kind of centrifugal pump flow induction noise numerical prediction method reliably.Centrifugal pump flow induction noise numerical prediction belongs to the category of aeroacoustics research.At present, the numerical method of aerodynamic noise has following three kinds: computational aeroacoustics method (Computational Aero-Acoustic, be called for short CAA), Lighthill sound Analogy (Lighthill ' s Acoustic Analogy) and mixing computational methods (Hybrid Method).CAA method is that (the N-S equation), directly obtains the Unified of flow field and sound field from flow field navier stokes equations.But, owing to the characteristic in flow field and sound field exists great difference, particularly under low mach, the magnitude difference of sound field energy and whirlpool energy, wave length of sound and the scale of turbulence and acoustic pressure and flow field macroscopic view pressure, causing this kind of method to have the highest requirement (time and spatial differencing scheme usually require that have quadravalence or six rank even more high accuracy) to mesh scale, calculating time and discrete scheme, the most a lot of actual engineering problems still can not be in this way.Lighthill sound Analogy is based on Lighthill equation, and it is the derivation of N-S equation.Sound Analogy is normally only used for calculating far-field noise radiation, and the calculating error near field noise is relatively big, and practical engineering value is little.Mixing computational methods carry out associative simulation calculating mainly by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and calculating acoustics (CA) to the aerodynamic noise in engineering, its essence or Lighthill sound Analogy.But, owing to introducing the acoustics computational methods of specialty, more fully predict therefore, it is possible to aerodynamic noise in engineering is made.The all existing correlative studys in terms of centrifugal pump noise prediction of above-mentioned three kinds of methods, but or be that versatility is not strong, or be to consider the impact on sound field of the structures such as the pump housing.Document " numerical prediction of centrifugal pump flow-induction noise " proposes the computational methods that a kind of Fluid Mechanics Computation couples with acoustic boundary unit, and consider the impact that sound field is calculated by structural vibration, but the method have ignored the quadrapole sound source that fluid flowing produces, the sound field calculated can not reflect the sound source characteristic of centrifugal pump flow noise, and result of calculation is only only effectively under dominant frequency and frequency multiplication thereof.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved: for problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of centrifugal pump flow induction noise numerical prediction method of sound source characteristic calculating its flow noise on the basis of the result of the test of performance of centrifugal pump test, and the method can preferably overcome and do not considers in Traditional calculating methods that pump body structure on the impact of acoustic propagation and ignores the shortcomings such as eddy current broadband noise.
Technical scheme: the invention provides a kind of centrifugal pump flow induction noise numerical prediction method to solve above technical problem, large eddy simulation is used to combine with acoustics finite element and coupled structure vibration, and during centrifugal pump flow noise calculates, use ACTRAN Aero-Acoustics module to combine with Vibro-Acoustics to solve, both running load it had been extracted, set up again the FEM model comprising spiral case with fluid mass, without just having carried out the integrated analysis of construct noise and flow noise by structural finite element analysis software, specifically include following steps:
Model pump is done external characteristics test by step 1), obtains boundary condition data required during numerical computations；
Step 2) according to test data, boundary condition is set, fluid domain is modeled, carries out Flow Field Calculation, contrast with test value；
If step 3) Flow Field Calculation result misfits with test value, then revise boundary condition, forward step 2 to)；
If step 4) Flow Field Calculation result is coincide with test value, then setting up ACTRAN acoustic analysis model, information of flow is converted to sound source item, and divides acoustic mesh, acoustic mesh only needs at least 4 nodes in a wavelength；
Step 5) sets up pump body structure finite element analysis model, and it is supporting to carry out interpolation with acoustic mesh after having divided structure finite element grid, and the inside and outside different working medium of definition carry out coupled vibro-acoustic calculating respectively in a pump housing model；
Step 6) performs Fourier transform, and time-domain signal is converted to frequency domain；
Step 7) ACTRAN acoustics calculates flow-induction and makes an uproar sonic propagation, arranges site, derives sound field cloud atlas and the sound pressure frequency response function presetting site；
Step 8) ACTRAN/VI can be extracted in computational fields cloud atlas distribution, monitoring point acoustic pressure frequency spectrum and be the ACTRAN about spiral case noise contribution degree and analyze after checking result；
Described step 2) Flow Field Calculation, comprise the following steps:
Step 21) according to fluid domain model, first set up governing equation；
Step 22) determined computational fields by governing equation, and after computational fields stress and strain model is good, selects turbulence model and sets up discrete equation, the primary data given and boundary condition do permanent calculating, contrast with external characteristics test value；
Step 23) if permanent result of calculation is unreasonable with the contrast of external characteristics test value, then checks modification, forward step 22 to)；
Step 24) if permanent result of calculation is with the contrast of external characteristics test value rationally, then use Fluid Mechanics Computation method, by general-purpose computations fluid calculation software, pump interior flow field is carried out unsteady computation, doing pressure artery analysis and unsteady computation, result exports with * .ensight file.
Described sound source item is divided into area source of sound and body sound source two kinds, and the sound source information generated by impeller rotary area is all integrated on the interface of impeller and spiral case process with area source of sound, and the sound source that pump chamber regional fluid produces processes with body sound source；Sound source in centrifugal pump is divided into area source of sound and body sound source, and the vibration of coupling worm frame when acoustics calculates, the precision of prediction can be greatly improved.
Described hydrodynamic methods is large eddy simulation (LES) or separates whirlpool simulation (DES).
Described general-purpose computations fluid calculation software is Fluent, Star-CD, Star-CCM+, CFX etc..
Beneficial effect: the result that analysis and the far-field noise value of centrifugal pump internal flow calculate is applied to centrifugal pump low noise the Hydraulic Design, it is possible to reduce test number (TN), shortens the R&D cycle, save development cost, be effectively improved the designing quality of centrifugal pump；The method using interpolation between fluid grid and acoustic mesh, can retain the sound source information of Flow Field Calculation to greatest extent；Utilize GREEN to analyze, the housing different parts contribution degree to noise can be obtained, this is studied, the early stage of housing can be designed or later stage amendment is optimized.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the centrifugal pump flow induction noise numerical prediction flow chart of the present invention
Fig. 2 is the Flow Field Calculation flow chart of the present invention
Fig. 3 is that the centrifugal pump acoustics of the present invention calculates grid model
Fig. 4 is fluid grid and the acoustic mesh interpolation method of the present invention
Fig. 5 is the outlet site blade passing frequency Imitating sound pressure level contrast with test of the present invention
Fig. 6 is that the GREEN of the present invention analyzes the spiral case contribution amount obtained.
In figure: 1. zero recoil fraction, 2. acoustic propagation district, 3. pipe modes, 4. spiral case, source, 5.Lighthill face, 6.Lighthill body source, 7. acoustic mesh node, 8. Flow Field Calculation grid node.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is described further with detailed description of the invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
By Fig. 1, shown in Fig. 2, a kind of centrifugal pump flow induction noise numerical prediction method, large eddy simulation is used to combine with acoustics finite element and coupled structure vibration, and during centrifugal pump flow noise calculates, use ACTRAN Aero-Acoustics module to combine with Vibro-Acoustics and solve design conditions (Q=25m3/ s) under flow-induction noise, comprise the following steps:
Model pump is done external characteristics test by step 1), obtains boundary condition data required during numerical computations: import and export flow, pressure etc. and pump lift, efficiency, shaft power curve.
Step 2) according to test data, boundary condition is set: inlet flow rate 25m3/h and outlet pressure 330kPa.Modeling fluid domain, carry out Flow Field Calculation, the lift that simulation obtained, efficiency, shaft power curve etc. contrast with test data, think that simulation coincide with test in the range of error is less than 5%；
If step 3) Flow Field Calculation result misfits with test value, then revise boundary condition, forward step 2 to)；
If step 4) Flow Field Calculation result is coincide with test value, then setting up ACTRAN acoustic analysis model, divide flow field acoustic mesh, acoustic mesh only needs at least 4 nodes in a wavelength, grid number 98250；
Step 5) sets up pump body structure finite element analysis model, and carries out composition matching after having divided structure finite element grid with flow field acoustic mesh, and defines the pump housing and the density of fluid media (medium) and acoustic propagation velocity respectively.Such as in the case of fluid is water, in media property: density is 1000kg/m3, acoustic propagation velocity is 1400m/s.Then coupled vibro-acoustic calculating is carried out；
Step 6) performs Fourier transform FFT, the time-domain signal of Flow Field Calculation result is converted to the frequency-region signal needed for acoustics calculates, changes frequency range into 0-3000Hz.
Step 7) ACTRAN acoustics calculates flow-induction and makes an uproar sonic propagation, and the entrance section of spiral case is set to area source of sound, and spiral case water body is set to body sound source, arranges site detection at pump discharge pipe section, finally derives sound field cloud atlas and the sound pressure frequency response function presetting site；
Step 8) ACTRAN/VI can be extracted in computational fields cloud atlas distribution, monitoring point acoustic pressure frequency spectrum and be the ACTRAN about spiral case noise contribution degree and analyze after checking result；
Described step 2) Flow Field Calculation, comprise the following steps:
Step 21) according to fluid domain model, first set up governing equation；
Step 22) determined computational fields by governing equation, and after computational fields stress and strain model is good, selects turbulence model and sets up discrete equation, the primary data given and boundary condition to do permanent calculating, contrast with external characteristics test value, error thinks reasonable in 5%；
Step 23) if permanent result of calculation is unreasonable with the contrast of external characteristics test value, then checks modification, forward step 22 to)；
Step 24) if permanent result of calculation with the contrast of external characteristics test value rationally, then uses Fluid Mechanics Computation method, by general-purpose computations fluid calculation software, pump interior flow field is carried out large eddy simulation calculating, result exports with * .ensight file.
According to Lighthill acoustic analogy theory, described sound source item is divided into area source of sound and body sound source two kinds, the sound source information generated by impeller rotary area all of equal value being transformed on the interface of impeller and spiral case process with area source of sound, the sound source that pump chamber regional fluid produces processes with body sound source, its principle is derived as follows: definition, then sound analogy frequency domain equation
It is converted into
Potential functionIt is firstly the need of the acoustic variable solved,For TijFourier transformation.After the Lighthill sound analogy equation discrete integration by parts of finite element variation is rearranged, obtain the discrete weak form of finite element variation
Wherein right-hand member source item S includes body sound source and area source of sound.Body sound source item:
Area source of sound item:
Sound source in centrifugal pump is divided into area source of sound and body sound source, and the vibration of coupling worm frame when acoustics calculates, the precision of prediction can be greatly improved.
Described hydrodynamic methods is large eddy simulation (LES) or separates whirlpool simulation (DES).
Described general-purpose computations fluid calculation software is Fluent, Star-CD, Star-CCM+, CFX etc..
The numerical prediction of pump flow-induction noise it is centrifuged using IS65-50-160 type low specific-speed centrifugal pump as model pump, centrifugal pump acoustics calculates grid model as shown in Figure 4, fluid grid and acoustic mesh mate the interpolation method used as it is shown in figure 5, can sound source information being delivered in acoustic mesh with top limit.Finally, the contrast of outlet site blade passing frequency Imitating sound pressure level and test as shown in Figure 6, meets the needs of Engineering prediction as seen from the figure, and GREEN analyzes the spiral case contribution amount obtained, and can be used to carry out the sound optimization of worm frame.
Claims (5)
1. a centrifugal pump flow induction noise numerical prediction method, at the base of the result of the test of performance of centrifugal pump test
The sound source characteristic of its flow noise is calculated on plinth, it is characterised in that: use large eddy simulation to tie mutually with acoustics finite element
Merge coupled structure vibration, and during centrifugal pump flow noise calculates, use ACTRAN
Aero-Acoustics module is combined with Vibro-Acoustics and is solved, and comprises the following steps:
Model pump is done external characteristics test by step 1), obtains boundary condition data required during numerical computations；
Step 2) according to test data, boundary condition is set, fluid domain is modeled, carries out Flow Field Calculation, with examination
Test value to contrast；
If step 3) Flow Field Calculation result misfits with test value, then revise boundary condition, forward step 2 to)；
If step 4) Flow Field Calculation result is coincide with test value, then set up ACTRAN acoustic analysis model,
Information of flow being converted to sound source item, and divides acoustic mesh, acoustic mesh only needs in a wavelength at least 4
Individual node；
Step 5) sets up pump body structure finite element analysis model, and after having divided structure finite element grid with sound
Learn grid and carry out interpolation coupling, and the inside and outside different working medium of definition carry out coupled vibro-acoustic respectively in a pump housing model
Calculate；
Step 6) performs Fourier transform, and time-domain signal is converted to frequency domain；
Step 7) ACTRAN acoustics calculates flow-induction and makes an uproar sonic propagation, arranges site, derives and presets field
The sound field cloud atlas of point and sound pressure frequency response function；
Step 8) ACTRAN/VI can extract cloud atlas distribution, monitoring point acoustic pressure in computational fields after checking result
Frequency spectrum and do about spiral case noise contribution degree ACTRAN analyze.
A kind of centrifugal pump flow induction noise numerical prediction method the most according to claim 1, its feature
Be: described step 2) Flow Field Calculation, comprise the following steps:
Step 21) according to fluid domain model, first set up governing equation；
Step 22) determined computational fields by governing equation, and after computational fields stress and strain model is good, select turbulence model
With set up discrete equation, the primary data given and boundary condition do permanent calculating, with external characteristics test value pair
Ratio；
Step 23) if permanent result of calculation is unreasonable with the contrast of external characteristics test value, then check modification,
Forward step 22 to)；
Step 24) if permanent result of calculation with the contrast of external characteristics test value rationally, then uses and calculates fluid force
Method carries out unsteady computation by general-purpose computations fluid calculation software to pump interior flow field, does pressure and moves
Arteries and veins is analyzed and unsteady computation, and result exports with * .ensight file.
A kind of centrifugal pump flow induction noise numerical prediction method the most according to claim 1, its feature
Being: described sound source item is divided into area source of sound and body sound source two kinds, the sound source generated by impeller rotary area is believed
Breath be all integrated on the interface of impeller and spiral case with area source of sound process, pump chamber regional fluid produce sound source with
Body sound source processes.
A kind of centrifugal pump flow induction noise numerical prediction method the most according to claim 2, its feature
It is: described hydrodynamic methods is large eddy simulation (LES) or separates whirlpool simulation (DES).
A kind of centrifugal pump flow induction noise numerical prediction method the most according to claim 2, its feature
It is: described general-purpose computations fluid calculation software is Fluent, Star-CD, Star-CCM+, CFX.
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