CN103630670B - A kind of test unit measuring Characteristics of Damaged Rock Salt self-recoverage amount - Google Patents
A kind of test unit measuring Characteristics of Damaged Rock Salt self-recoverage amount Download PDFInfo
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- CN103630670B CN103630670B CN201310691975.9A CN201310691975A CN103630670B CN 103630670 B CN103630670 B CN 103630670B CN 201310691975 A CN201310691975 A CN 201310691975A CN 103630670 B CN103630670 B CN 103630670B
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- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
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- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 22
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002901 radioactive waste Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of test unit measuring Characteristics of Damaged Rock Salt self-recoverage amount, comprise cylindrical shell, heating pad, base, upper cover, upperpush rod, lower support bar, two-way servo-hydraulic station, gas-holder of setting out on a journey, lower road gas-holder, differential manometer and air pressure loading device; The oil-out at two-way servo-hydraulic station is communicated with in cylindrical shell by pipeline, gas-holder of setting out on a journey is communicated with in cylindrical shell respectively by pipeline with the gas outlet of lower road gas-holder, differential manometer is arranged on sets out on a journey between gas-holder and lower road gas-holder, and the gas outlet of air pressure loading device is connected with the air intake opening of gas-holder of setting out on a journey and the air intake opening of lower road gas-holder respectively by pipeline.The arrangement achieves the synchro measure to damage self-recoverage amount in the self-recoverage process of Characteristics of Damaged Rock Salt, measuring speed is fast, precision is high; Can by changing the stress residing for Characteristics of Damaged Rock Salt, the self-recoverage process under the true complex geological condition of temperature and humidity state simulation the overall process realizing self-recoverage amount measure in real time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a test device for self-recovery of damaged rock salt, in particular to a test device for measuring self-recovery amount of damaged rock salt.
Background
The salt rock mass has the advantages of low porosity, small permeability, strong damage self-recovery capability and the like, and is internationally recognized as an ideal place for storing petroleum and natural gas and disposing high-radioactive wastes in addition to the excellent characteristics of simple hydrogeological conditions, wide distribution and the like. But in the salt cavern water-soluble cavity building period and the reservoir operation period, accidents such as cavity failure, oil gas leakage and the like still occur. In the salt cavern water dissolving cavity building period, the original stress balance state of rock salt is disturbed due to cavity water dissolving mining, so that the stress of surrounding rock of the cavity is released, rock loosening rings tend to be generated around the cavity, and the damage of the rock salt are caused; in the process of oil and gas storage and operation, because fluid in the cavity is frequently pumped and injected, the pressure of the fluid in the cavity is continuously fluctuated, and under the combined action of ground stress, rock salt on the cavity wall is damaged to cause cracks. These damages increase the permeability of the rock salt, which is detrimental to the sealing and stabilization of the cavity. Meanwhile, under certain geological conditions, the damaged rock salt crystals can completely form a new crystal structure at the damaged part through the recrystallization effect, so that the cracks of the damaged rock salt are promoted to heal, the mechanical property of the damaged rock salt in the rock salt cavity is improved, and the permeability is reduced. Therefore, the understanding of the damage self-recovery mechanism of rock salt has important theoretical significance and practical value for disaster prevention and control in the cavity building period and the oil and gas storage reservoir operation period. And the research on the rock salt damage-self-recovery mechanism needs to have a method for accurately measuring the self-recovery amount of damaged rock salt. At present, no special equipment for researching the self-recovery amount of damaged rock salt exists in China, and in related research, maintenance facilities for self-recovery of damaged rock salt and measurement equipment for the self-recovery amount are separated, so that the continuous measurement of the self-recovery amount of damaged rock salt cannot be realized, and the measurement of the self-recovery amount of rock salt under a complex self-recovery condition cannot be realized. The measuring method wastes time, and is influenced by the change of the rock salt self-recovery environment to cause inaccurate measuring results.
In order to solve the problems that self-recovery maintenance facilities and measuring equipment are separated in the traditional method for measuring the self-recovery amount of damaged rock salt, the self-recovery amount cannot be continuously and accurately measured, and time and labor are consumed, a test device for measuring the self-recovery amount of damaged rock salt, which can combine a self-recovery maintenance platform and a self-recovery measuring platform, needs to be found.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a test device for measuring the self-recovery amount of damaged rock salt. The device is a test device which utilizes a self-recovery maintenance and self-recovery measurement integrated system to measure the self-recovery amount of the damaged rock salt through measuring the permeability of the damaged rock salt.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a test device for measuring self-recovery amount of damaged rock salt comprises a cylinder, a heating gasket, a base, an upper cover, an upper pressure rod, a lower support rod, a two-way servo hydraulic station, an upper air storage tank, a lower air storage tank, a differential pressure gauge and an air pressure loading device; the heating gasket is arranged on the inner wall of the barrel, the base is arranged at the bottom of the barrel and is in sealing fit with the lower port of the barrel, and the upper cover is arranged at the top of the barrel and is in sealing fit with the upper port of the barrel; the upper pressure lever is vertically arranged on the upper cover, the bottom end of the upper pressure lever extends into the cylinder, the lower support column is vertically arranged on the base and is positioned in the cylinder, and the bottom end of the upper pressure lever corresponds to the top end of the lower support column in the vertical direction; oil outlets of the two-way servo hydraulic station are communicated with the inside of the cylinder through pipelines; the upper pressure rod is vertically provided with an air inlet channel, and an air outlet of the upper path air storage tank is connected with the air inlet channel through a pipeline and is communicated with the inside of the cylinder body through the air inlet channel; the lower support column is vertically provided with an air inlet through hole, and an air outlet of the lower path air storage tank is connected with the air inlet through hole through a pipeline and is communicated with the inside of the cylinder through the air inlet through hole; one port of the differential pressure gauge is communicated with the upper path of the air storage tank, and the other port of the differential pressure gauge is communicated with the lower path of the air storage tank; the air outlet of the air pressure loading device is respectively connected with the air inlet of the upper air storage tank and the air inlet of the lower air storage tank through pipelines; the pipeline that is connected between the gas outlet of atmospheric pressure loading device and the air inlet of the gas holder of leaving the way installs control valve I, install control valve II on the pipeline that is connected between the gas outlet of atmospheric pressure loading device and the air inlet of the gas holder of leaving the way, install control valve III on the pipeline of pressure differential meter and the gas holder connection of leaving the way, install control valve IV on the pipeline of pressure differential meter and the gas holder connection of leaving the way, install control valve V on the pipeline that gas holder and admission passage are connected of leaving the way, install control valve VI on the pipeline that gas holder and admission passage are connected of leaving the way.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the differential pressure gauge is connected to a computer.
As another preferable scheme of the invention, an oil inlet of the two-way servo hydraulic station is connected with an oil cylinder.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pipeline connecting the differential pressure gauge and the upper air tank is provided with an upper air pressure gauge, and the pipeline connecting the differential pressure gauge and the lower air tank is provided with a lower air pressure gauge.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the device realizes synchronous measurement of the self-recovery quantity of the damage in the self-recovery process of the damaged rock salt, and has high measurement speed and high precision; the self-recovery process under real complex geological conditions can be simulated by changing the stress, temperature and humidity states of the damaged rock salt, the whole process real-time measurement of the self-recovery amount is realized, and comprehensive test basis and theoretical support are provided for researching the damage self-recovery mechanism of the rock salt.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a damaged rock salt self-recovery measuring device.
In the drawings: 1-rock salt sample; 2-heating the gasket; 3-two-way servo hydraulic station; 4, an oil cylinder; 5-a computer; 6-an air pressure loading device; 7, an upper air storage tank; 8-a down gas storage tank; 9-an upper barometer; 10-off-road barometer; 11-differential pressure gauge; 12-a computer; 13-control valve i; 14-control valve II; 15-control valve iii; 16-control valve IV; 17-control valve v; 18-control valve vi; 19-a barrel; 20-a base; 21-upper cover; 22-upper press rod; and 23, a lower supporting column.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the detailed description.
As shown in figure 1, the test device for measuring the self-recovery amount of damaged rock salt comprises a cylinder 19, a heating gasket 2, a base 20, an upper cover 21, an upper pressure rod 22, a lower support rod 23, a two-way servo hydraulic station 3, an upper air storage tank 7, a lower air storage tank 8, a differential pressure gauge 11, an air pressure loading device 6, a computer 5, a computer 12 and an oil cylinder 4. The heating gasket 2 is arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder 19, the base 20 is arranged at the bottom of the cylinder 19 and is in sealing fit with the lower port of the cylinder 19, and the upper cover 21 is arranged at the top of the cylinder 19 and is in sealing fit with the upper port of the cylinder 19. The upper pressure rod 22 is vertically arranged on the upper cover 21, the bottom end of the upper pressure rod 22 extends into the cylinder 19, the lower support column 23 is vertically arranged on the base 20 and is positioned in the cylinder 19, and the bottom end of the upper pressure rod 22 corresponds to the top end of the lower support column 23 in the vertical direction. An oil inlet of the double-path servo hydraulic station 3 is connected with the oil cylinder 4, an oil outlet of the double-path servo hydraulic station 3 is communicated with the interior of the cylinder 19 through a pipeline, and the computer 5 controls a double-path hydraulic system through a multi-channel data acquisition device. The upper pressure rod 22 is vertically provided with an air inlet channel, and an air outlet of the upper air storage tank 7 is connected with the air inlet channel through a pipeline and communicated with the interior of the cylinder 19 through the air inlet channel. The lower support column 23 is vertically provided with an air inlet through hole, and an air outlet of the lower path air storage tank 8 is connected with an air inlet channel through a pipeline and communicated with the interior of the cylinder 19 through the air inlet channel. One port of the differential pressure gauge 11 is communicated with the interior of the upper path air storage tank 7, the other port of the differential pressure gauge 11 is communicated with the interior of the lower path air storage tank 8, and the differential pressure gauge 11 is connected with a computer 12. The air outlet of the air pressure loading device 6 is respectively connected with the air inlet of the upper air storage tank 7 and the air inlet of the lower air storage tank 8 through pipelines. A control valve I13 is arranged on a pipeline connected between an air outlet of the air pressure loading device 6 and an air inlet of the upper air storage tank 7, a control valve II 14 is arranged on a pipeline connected between an air outlet of the air pressure loading device 6 and an air inlet of the lower air storage tank 8, a control valve III 15 and an upper air pressure gauge 9 are arranged on a pipeline connected between the differential pressure gauge 11 and the upper air storage tank 7, a control valve IV 16 and a lower air pressure gauge 10 are arranged on a pipeline connected between the differential pressure gauge 11 and the lower air storage tank 8, a control valve V17 is arranged on a pipeline connected between the upper air storage tank 7 and an air inlet channel, and a control valve VI 18 is arranged on a pipeline connected between the lower air storage tank 8 and an air inlet through hole.
When the test device for measuring the self-recovery amount of the damaged rock salt is used, the specific steps are as follows: 1) and (4) pretreating the water content of the damaged rock salt to enable the self-recovery environment to reach the set humidity. 2) And (3) installing a rock salt test piece needing damage self-recovery quantity measurement on the damaged rock salt self-recovery quantity measurement device, wherein the rock salt test piece is pressed between the upper pressure rod 22 and the lower support column 23. 3) And (3) starting the two-way servo hydraulic station, electrifying and heating the heating gasket 2, applying pressure to the damaged rock salt test piece through the upper pressure rod 22 and the lower support column 23, and simulating to set a stress, temperature and humidity self-recovery environment of the damaged rock salt. 4) Opening a control valve I13 and a control valve II 14, filling gas into an upper path gas storage tank 7 and a lower path gas storage tank 8 which are equal in volume through a gas pressure loading device, and when the gas pressure of the upper path gas storage tank 7 reaches a set valueP 1 When the control valve I13 is closed,when the air pressure of the lower air storage tank 8 reaches a set valueP 2 The control valve II 14 is closed. 5) Opening a control valve III 15, a control valve IV 16, a control valve V17 and a control valve VI 18, monitoring and recording the reading change condition of the differential pressure gauge 11 by using a computer 12 at preset time intervals to obtain the differential pressure of the upper air storage tank 7 and the lower air storage tank 8ΔPAnd timetFunctional relationship ofΔP =f(t). 6) When the reading of the differential pressure gauge 11 approaches the baseline threshold value（) And (3) repeating the steps 4) and 5) until the requirements of the damaged rock salt self-recovery test are met. 7) Substituting the test data into a permeability calculation formula to calculate the permeability of each time periodk. 8) And calculating the damage self-recovery amount of the rock salt through the change of the permeability.
The principle of calculating the self-recovery amount of the injury is as follows:
assuming that the gas medium passing through the damaged rock salt sample is ideal gas and satisfies Darcy's law, the gas pipeline has no expansion, then the permeability equation is:
（1）
in the formula:Vis the standard container volume, cm3Here, theV=V 1 =V 2 ；Δp i /Δp f Is the ratio of the initial pressure differential to the final pressure differential;Δtis the duration of the test, s;L s is the length of the rock salt test piece, cm;A s is the cross-sectional area of rock salt test piece, cm2；μIs the viscosity coefficient of the gaseous medium(pa. s)；βIs the compression factor (pa) of the gaseous medium-1)。
Because the effective influence of the assumption on the permeability is relatively small, the calculation result of the method can reasonably predict the permeability change condition of the rock salt test piece.
Function relation of pressure difference of air storage tanks on upper and lower paths and timeΔP =f(t)Taking logarithm on two sides to obtain:
（2）
order:
（3）
in a very short timeΔtIn the interior of said container body,
（4）
substituting formula (4) into formula (1) to obtain the function relation of damaged rock salt permeability and time: （5）
defining the self-recovery amount of the damaged rock salt as follows:
（6）
in the formula,Rthe self-recovery amount of the damaged rock salt;k 0 is self-healingt 0 Damaging the permeability of the rock salt sample at the beginning of the moment; k t is self-recovered for a period of timetThe permeability of the damaged rock salt after the moment.
The expression formula of the self-recovery amount of the damaged rock salt at any time can be obtained by combining the vertical type (3), the formula (5) and the formula (6) is as follows:
（7）
wherein,f(t)is the pressure difference of the upper and lower gas storage tanksΔPAnd self-recovery timetAs a function of (a) or (b),is in the process of self-recoverytTime of dayΔPThe rate of change of (a) is,is self-healingt 0 The pressure difference of the air storage tank at the beginning of the moment,is thatt 0 Time of dayΔPThe rate of change of (c).f(t)The acquired data can be obtained by simply processing the acquired data through a computer, and other unknown parameters are not contained in the data, so that the self-recovery quantity of each time period in the self-recovery process of the damaged rock salt can be calculated.
Finally, the above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred examples, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A test device for measuring self-recovery amount of damaged rock salt is characterized by comprising a cylinder body (19), a heating gasket (2), a base (20), an upper cover (21), an upper pressure rod (22), a lower support column (23), a two-way servo hydraulic station (3), an upper air storage tank (7), a lower air storage tank (8), a differential pressure gauge (11) and an air pressure loading device (6); the heating gasket (2) is arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder body (19), the base (20) is arranged at the bottom of the cylinder body (19) and is in sealing fit with the lower port of the cylinder body (19), and the upper cover (21) is arranged at the top of the cylinder body (19) and is in sealing fit with the upper port of the cylinder body (19); the upper pressure lever (22) is vertically arranged on the upper cover (21), the bottom end of the upper pressure lever (22) extends into the cylinder body (19), the lower support column (23) is vertically arranged on the base (20) and is positioned in the cylinder body (19), and the bottom end of the upper pressure lever (22) corresponds to the top end of the lower support column (23) in the vertical direction; oil outlets of the two-way servo hydraulic station (3) are communicated with the inside of the cylinder body (19) through a pipeline; the upper pressure rod (22) is vertically provided with an air inlet channel, and an air outlet of the upper air storage tank (7) is connected with the air inlet channel through a pipeline and communicated with the interior of the cylinder (19) through the air inlet channel; the lower supporting column (23) is vertically provided with an air inlet through hole, and an air outlet of the lower path air storage tank (8) is connected with the air inlet through hole through a pipeline and communicated with the interior of the cylinder body (19) through the air inlet through hole; one port of the differential pressure meter (11) is communicated with the interior of the upper air storage tank (7), and the other port of the differential pressure meter (11) is communicated with the interior of the lower air storage tank (8); the air outlet of the air pressure loading device (6) is respectively connected with the air inlet of the upper air storage tank (7) and the air inlet of the lower air storage tank (8) through pipelines; a control valve I (13) is installed on a pipeline connected between an air outlet of the air pressure loading device (6) and an air inlet of an upper air storage tank (7), a control valve II (14) is installed on a pipeline connected between an air outlet of the air pressure loading device (6) and an air inlet of a lower air storage tank (8), a control valve III (15) is installed on a pipeline connected between a differential pressure gauge (11) and the upper air storage tank (7), a control valve IV (16) is installed on a pipeline connected between the differential pressure gauge (11) and the lower air storage tank (8), a control valve V (17) is installed on a pipeline connected between the upper air storage tank (7) and an air inlet channel, and a control valve VI (18) is installed on a pipeline connected between the lower air storage tank (8) and an air inlet through hole;
the differential pressure meter (11) is connected with a computer (12);
an oil inlet of the double-path servo hydraulic station (3) is connected with the oil cylinder (4);
an upper air pressure meter (9) is installed on a pipeline connected with the differential pressure meter (11) and the upper air storage tank (7), and a lower air pressure meter (10) is installed on a pipeline connected with the differential pressure meter (11) and the lower air storage tank (8).
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| CN105675644B (en) * | 2016-01-13 | 2016-09-28 | 石家庄铁道大学 | A kind of seal test device of constant temperature and pressure |
| CN106248491A (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2016-12-21 | 黑龙江科技大学 | Damage of rock and Permeation Test System |
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| CN101819132A (en) * | 2010-04-09 | 2010-09-01 | 重庆大学 | Method for realizing rock salt dissolving characteristic test under triaxial stress condition |
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| CN101819132A (en) * | 2010-04-09 | 2010-09-01 | 重庆大学 | Method for realizing rock salt dissolving characteristic test under triaxial stress condition |
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Inventor after: Chen Jie Inventor after: Zhang Junwei Inventor after: Liu Jianxing Inventor after: Yi Liang Inventor after: Ren Song Inventor after: Jiang Deyi Inventor after: Fan Jinyang Inventor after: Wang Congdian Inventor before: Chen Jie Inventor before: Jiang Deyi Inventor before: Zhang Junwei Inventor before: Yin Liming Inventor before: Shi Xilin Inventor before: Yang Chunhe Inventor before: Deng Gaoling |
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Free format text: CORRECT: INVENTOR; FROM: CHEN JIE JIANG DEYI ZHANG JUNWEI YIN LIMING SHI XILIN YANG CHUNHE DENG GAOLING TO: CHEN JIE ZHANG JUNWEI LIU JIANXING YI LIANG REN SONG JIANG DEYI FAN JINYANG WANG CONGDIAN |
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Granted publication date: 20151007 |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |