CN103627512B - Method for shelling camellia seeds - Google Patents
Method for shelling camellia seeds Download PDFInfo
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- CN103627512B CN103627512B CN201310716845.6A CN201310716845A CN103627512B CN 103627512 B CN103627512 B CN 103627512B CN 201310716845 A CN201310716845 A CN 201310716845A CN 103627512 B CN103627512 B CN 103627512B
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- fruit
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- tea
- camellia oleifera
- fermentation
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 235000018597 common camellia Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 240000001548 Camellia japonica Species 0.000 title claims description 6
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 42
- 241001122767 Theaceae Species 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- 241000526900 Camellia oleifera Species 0.000 claims description 20
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical class [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000544043 Blyxa aubertii Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000209507 Camellia Species 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010495 camellia oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- YYGNTYWPHWGJRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N (6E,10E,14E,18E)-2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyltetracosa-2,6,10,14,18,22-hexaene Chemical compound CC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)C YYGNTYWPHWGJRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000024172 Cardiovascular disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000370738 Chlorion Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- BHEOSNUKNHRBNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetramethylsqualene Natural products CC(=C)C(C)CCC(=C)C(C)CCC(C)=CCCC=C(C)CCC(C)C(=C)CCC(C)C(C)=C BHEOSNUKNHRBNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000012000 cholesterol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PRAKJMSDJKAYCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecahydrosqualene Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C PRAKJMSDJKAYCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021281 monounsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940031439 squalene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- TUHBEKDERLKLEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N squalene Natural products CC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCCC=C(/C)CCC=C(/C)CC=C(C)C)C)C)C TUHBEKDERLKLEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for shelling camellia seeds, and relates to the technical field of agricultural product and byproducts processing. The method comprises the following steps: A constant-temperature soaking; B, fluidized quick-freezing; C, steaming and frying; and D, fermenting. The method has the characteristics of high shelling ratio, short shelling period and the like, is suitable for industrial production, and is applied to shelling camellia seeds of camellia production areas all over the country.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural byproducts processing technical field, particularly a kind of method of tea seed shelling.
Background technology
Oil tea is the distinctive woody oleiferous plants of China, and aboundresources, is of high nutritive value, and has the title of " east sweet oil ".In tea oil, contain abundant unsaturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, tea-polyphenol, squalene isoreactivity material, there is the effect that reduces cholesterol, preventing cardiovascular disease and inhibition tumour in blood.For a long time, oil tea is mainly that peasant household is from planting, certainly receive, certainly managing workshop-based oil expression, the hulling method of its tea seed mainly adopts nature suning method, and the time is long, and labour intensity is large, as the rainy weather of long period, also easily produce and go mouldy, affect the quality of tea oil.There are in recent years some mechanical means for tea seed shelling, although can improve shelling efficiency, also easily damaged camellia seed kernel, caused the pollution of follow-up drying process.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the tea seed hulling method that a kind of husking yield is high, the shelling cycle is short, be suitable for suitability for industrialized production.
The technical solution used in the present invention is the method for a kind of tea seed shelling of invention, comprises the following steps:
A, constant temperature soak:
The preparation of a, soak solution: sodium bicarbonate, salt, bicarbonate of ammonia press to the part by weight mixing of 2-4:1:1-2, added in the warm water of identical weight, 35-50 DEG C, be dissolved into soak solution, for subsequent use;
B, by selected fresh fried flour fruit, according to soak solution: the part by weight of fresh fried flour fruit=1-6:1 is poured into, constant temperature soaks 10-18h, to the fresh fried flour fruit 25-40% that increases weight, the shell of every camellia oleifera fruit is containing sodium bicarbonate 0.05-0.06g, and the shell of every camellia oleifera fruit is containing salt 0.08-0.12g, and the shell of every camellia oleifera fruit is containing bicarbonate of ammonia 0.02-0.05g, become immersion camellia oleifera fruit, for subsequent use;
B, fluidization quick-frozen:
Immersion camellia oleifera fruit for subsequent use is put into fluidization single quick-freezing machine, and quick-frozen 6-14h at-10～0 DEG C, obtains quick-frozen camellia oleifera fruit, for subsequent use;
C, steaming are fried:
Quick-frozen tea fruit for subsequent use is heated to room temperature, then through the dehydration of fluidization fiber desiccant, to touching and soak camellia oleifera fruit surface without moist feeling with hand, pour again temperature into and be the steaming of 80-100 DEG C and fry in container, steam and fry 1-2.5h, be cooled to 35-60 DEG C, steam and fry 1-3h again, must steam and fry tea fruit, for subsequent use;
D, fermentation:
A, fermentation bed preparation:
By following raw material by weight:
Wood chip 10-25 ash charcoal 10-45 insect-proof agent 0.5-3
Unslaked lime 5-25 fine sand 5-10 sanitas 0.1-0.8
Mix, cross 50-70 eye mesh screen, fermentation bed fines; Then, fermentation bed fines is piled into: long × wide × thick is the fermentation bed of 3～5m × 0.5～0.7m × 0.1～0.2m specification, for subsequent use;
B, heap fermentation:
Steaming for subsequent use is fried to tea fruit, be deposited in fermentation bed for subsequent use, pile up by 200-500kg/ ㎡, with the covering of cloth thing, temperature is controlled at 24-40 DEG C, and fermentation 1-2.5 days, screens out fermentation bed fines, obtains shelling tea seed; Separate according to a conventional method again, obtain camellia seed kernel.
Wood chip in described step D is the fine powder being processed from strand by woody section plant or bamboo plant, its moisture content≤2.0%.
The grey charcoal of remainder after Hui Tanshi farmers' calcination plant in described step D, moisture≤1.5%.
Fine sand in described step D is to be pulverized and formed by Wingdale.
Insect-proof agent in described step D is foodstuff insect-proof agent.
Sanitas in described step D is foodstuff sanitas.
The method of tea seed shelling of the present invention, first utilizes water to become ice, and the principle of energy bulked volume makes the inner tension force that produces of oil-tea camellia husks, weakens the tightness of shell weave construction; Recycling sodium bicarbonate and bicarbonate of ammonia are under hot conditions, and reaction voluntarily, produces gas, further weakens shell weave construction tightness, strengthens permeability, is beneficial to follow-up fermentation; Then, utilize the wood chip in fermentation bed, grey charcoal, unslaked lime to absorb the moisture producing in fermentation, effectively controlled fermentation humidity, after unslaked lime water suction simultaneously, energy generating portion heat, accelerates the fermentation of tea fruit, sanitas effectively in stopping fermentation tea fruit rot etc., prevent that tea oil quality from becoming sour.Through test, its husking yield is greater than 90%, and the whole shelling cycle in 5-9 days, the time is shorter, meanwhile, weatherproof, can be suitable for suitability for industrialized production.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the change curve (adopting micro-sodium detector to detect) of sodium bicarbonate content in shell;
Fig. 2 is the change curve (adopting chlorion tracking and measuring instrument to detect) of salt content in shell;
Fig. 3 is the change curve (adopting ammonia nitrogen concentration detector to detect) of bicarbonate of ammonia content in shell.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described further.Explanation is below the mode exemplifying, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this.
The method of the tea seed shelling of the present embodiment, comprises the following steps:
A, constant temperature soak:
The preparation of a, soak solution: sodium bicarbonate, salt, bicarbonate of ammonia press to the part by weight mixing of 4:1:1.5, added in identical weight, the warm water of 35 DEG C, be dissolved into soak solution, for subsequent use;
B, by selected fresh fried flour fruit, according to soak solution: the part by weight of fresh fried flour fruit=4:1 is poured into, constant temperature soaks 16h, increase weight 35% to fresh fried flour fruit, the shell of every camellia oleifera fruit is containing sodium bicarbonate 0.05g, and the shell of every camellia oleifera fruit is containing salt 0.1g, and the shell of every camellia oleifera fruit is containing bicarbonate of ammonia 0.03g, become immersion camellia oleifera fruit, for subsequent use;
Above-mentioned sodium bicarbonate, salt, bicarbonate of ammonia are with the difference of soak time, and in shell, the changing conditions of content is shown in accompanying drawing 1-3.
B, fluidization quick-frozen:
Immersion camellia oleifera fruit for subsequent use is put into fluidization single quick-freezing machine, quick-frozen 8h at-5 DEG C, until the moisture ice in shell, sodium bicarbonates etc. change solid into, make shell interior tissue because volume increases, and produce tension force, weaken shell tissue tight degree, strengthen permeability, obtain quick-frozen camellia oleifera fruit, for subsequent use;
C, steaming are fried:
Quick-frozen tea fruit for subsequent use is heated to room temperature, then through the dehydration of fluidization fiber desiccant, to touching tea fruit surface without moist feeling with hand, then, pour temperature into and be the steaming of 100 DEG C and fry in container, steam and fry 1.5h, water from ice in shell is dissolved, sodium bicarbonates etc. are dissolved in moisture, at high temperature, produce reaction, discharge gas, again weaken shell tissue tight degree, strengthen permeability; Then, be cooled to 50 DEG C, then steam and fry 1.2h, evaporate to dryness tea fruit surface-moisture, the moisture content of controlling in shell is 30%, must steam and fry tea fruit, for subsequent use;
D, fermentation:
A, fermentation bed preparation:
By following raw material by weight:
Grey charcoal 30 insect-proof agents 2 of wood chip 20
Unslaked lime 15 fine sand 8 sanitass 0.5
Mix, cross 60 eye mesh screens, fermentation bed fines, fermentation bed fines is piled into: long × wide × thick fermentation bed for 4m × 0.6m × 0.15m specification, for subsequent use;
Wood chip used is the fine powder being processed from strand by woody section plant or bamboo plant, its moisture content≤2.0%;
The grey charcoal of remainder after Hui Tanshi farmers' calcination plant used, moisture≤1.5%;
Fine sand used is to be pulverized and formed by Wingdale (not containing the high purity Wingdale of heavy metal);
Insect-proof agent used is foodstuff insect-proof agent;
Sanitas used is foodstuff sanitas.
B, heap fermentation:
Steaming for subsequent use is fried to tea fruit, be deposited in fermentation bed for subsequent use, pile up by 240kg/ ㎡, with the covering of cloth thing, temperature is controlled at 35 DEG C, ferments 2 days, screens out fermentation bed fines, obtains shelling tea seed; Separate according to a conventional method again, obtain camellia seed kernel.
The method of tea seed shelling of the present invention, is applicable to the tea seed shelling in oil tea in all parts of the country producing region.
Claims (6)
1. a method for tea seed shelling, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
A, constant temperature soak:
The preparation of a, soak solution: sodium bicarbonate, salt, bicarbonate of ammonia press to the part by weight mixing of 2-4:1:1-2, added in the warm water of identical weight, 35-50 DEG C, be dissolved into soak solution, for subsequent use;
B, by selected fresh fried flour fruit, according to soak solution: the part by weight of fresh fried flour fruit=1-6:1 is poured into, constant temperature soaks 10-18h, to the fresh fried flour fruit 25-40% that increases weight, the shell of every camellia oleifera fruit is containing sodium bicarbonate 0.05-0.06g, and the shell of every camellia oleifera fruit is containing salt 0.08-0.12g, and the shell of every camellia oleifera fruit is containing bicarbonate of ammonia 0.02-0.05g, become immersion camellia oleifera fruit, for subsequent use;
B, fluidization quick-frozen:
Immersion camellia oleifera fruit for subsequent use is put into fluidization single quick-freezing machine, and quick-frozen 6-14h at-10～0 DEG C, obtains quick-frozen camellia oleifera fruit, for subsequent use;
C, steaming are fried:
Quick-frozen tea fruit for subsequent use is heated to room temperature, then through the dehydration of fluidization fiber desiccant, to touching and soak camellia oleifera fruit surface without moist feeling with hand, pour again temperature into and be the steaming of 80-100 DEG C and fry in container, steam and fry 1-2.5h, be cooled to 35-60 DEG C, steam and fry 1-3h again, must steam and fry tea fruit, for subsequent use;
D, fermentation:
A, fermentation bed preparation:
By following raw material by weight:
Wood chip 10-25 ash charcoal 10-45 insect-proof agent 0.5-3
Unslaked lime 5-25 fine sand 5-10 sanitas 0.1-0.8
Mix, cross 50-70 eye mesh screen, fermentation bed fines; Then, fermentation bed fines is piled into: long × wide × thick is the fermentation bed of 3～5m × 0.5～0.7m × 0.1～0.2m specification, for subsequent use;
B, heap fermentation:
Steaming for subsequent use is fried to tea fruit, be deposited in fermentation bed for subsequent use, by 200-500kg/m
2pile up, with the covering of cloth thing, temperature is controlled at 24-40 DEG C, and fermentation 1-2.5 days, screens out fermentation bed fines, obtains shelling tea seed; Separate according to a conventional method again, obtain camellia seed kernel.
2. the method that tea seed shells according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the wood chip in described step D is the fine powder being processed from strand by woody section plant or bamboo plant, its moisture content≤2.0%.
3. according to the method for tea seed shelling described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: the grey charcoal of remainder after the Hui Tanshi farmers' calcination plant in described step D, moisture≤1.5%.
4. the method that tea seed shells according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the fine sand in described step D is to be pulverized and formed by Wingdale.
5. the method that tea seed shells according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the insect-proof agent in described step D is foodstuff insect-proof agent.
6. the method that tea seed shells according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the sanitas in described step D is foodstuff sanitas.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310716845.6A CN103627512B (en) | 2013-12-23 | 2013-12-23 | Method for shelling camellia seeds |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310716845.6A CN103627512B (en) | 2013-12-23 | 2013-12-23 | Method for shelling camellia seeds |
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| CN103627512A CN103627512A (en) | 2014-03-12 |
| CN103627512B true CN103627512B (en) | 2014-12-10 |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104172439B (en) * | 2014-09-04 | 2016-11-02 | 宁德市绿星农业开发有限公司 | A kind of method of shelling camellia seeds |
| CN107467475A (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2017-12-15 | 广西三椿生物科技有限公司 | A kind of method that tea seed is produced from camellia oleifera fruit |
| CN109123690B (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2021-02-19 | 安徽山美生物科技有限公司 | Method for separating tea shells from tea seeds |
| CN111296717A (en) * | 2020-03-19 | 2020-06-19 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Shelling method of camellia oleifera fruits |
| CN111363617A (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2020-07-03 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Method for storing fresh oil tea fruits |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102433219A (en) * | 2011-10-28 | 2012-05-02 | 江南大学 | Method for graded drying of camellia seeds |
| CN102517143A (en) * | 2011-12-20 | 2012-06-27 | 湖北四季春茶油有限公司 | Pretreatment technology of oil-tea camellia seed |
| CN102994212A (en) * | 2012-11-28 | 2013-03-27 | 劳卓昌 | Device for husking, separating and drying tea oil fruits |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2602833B2 (en) * | 1987-06-10 | 1997-04-23 | 日鉱金属株式会社 | Fresh seafood freshness preserving material and freshness preserving method |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102433219A (en) * | 2011-10-28 | 2012-05-02 | 江南大学 | Method for graded drying of camellia seeds |
| CN102517143A (en) * | 2011-12-20 | 2012-06-27 | 湖北四季春茶油有限公司 | Pretreatment technology of oil-tea camellia seed |
| CN102994212A (en) * | 2012-11-28 | 2013-03-27 | 劳卓昌 | Device for husking, separating and drying tea oil fruits |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| JP昭63-309165A 1988.12.16 * |
| 油茶果脱壳清选机的研制与试验;蓝峰 等;《农业工程学报》;20120831;第28卷(第15期);第33-39页 * |
| 蓝峰 等.油茶果脱壳清选机的研制与试验.《农业工程学报》.2012,第28卷(第15期),第33-39页. * |
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Effective date of registration: 20220323 Address after: 425000 floor 28, building 1, Royal Plaza, Yucai Road, Lengshuitan District, Yongzhou City, Hunan Province Patentee after: HUNAN TIANWO TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. Address before: 425000 No. 79, yangzitang Road, Lingling District, Yongzhou City, Hunan Province Patentee before: Guan Tianqiu |
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