CN103623925A - Bipolar charging device for atmospheric particulates - Google Patents
Bipolar charging device for atmospheric particulates Download PDFInfo
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- CN103623925A CN103623925A CN201310573629.0A CN201310573629A CN103623925A CN 103623925 A CN103623925 A CN 103623925A CN 201310573629 A CN201310573629 A CN 201310573629A CN 103623925 A CN103623925 A CN 103623925A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device for realizing bipolar charging of particulates. A bipolar free ion region is generated by utilizing an alternating frequency high-voltage field ionizing mode, and particulates with the wide particle size range from nano scale to micron scale are charged efficiently. The device for realizing the bipolar charging of the particulates comprises a former particle cutter, a particulate charging cavity, a high-voltage ionization cavity and an alternating frequency high-voltage power supply. The device for realizing the bipolar charging of the particulates, which is disclosed by the invention, is compact in structure, is convenient to maintain, can charge the atmospheric particulates with the wide particle size range from nano scale to micron scale efficiently, can be used for early charging of the particulates based on an electromigration characteristic monitoring instrument, and enables the charged particulates to reach the balanced Boltzmann charge distribution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of efficient charged method and device of bipolarity of can realizing within the scope of Atmospheric particulates wide particle diameter, belong to atmospheric aerosol monitoring technical field.
Background technology
In recent years, atmosphere pollution is day by day serious, and gray haze event takes place frequently, and ozone and airborne fine particulate matter concentration constantly raise as its principal character.Because nanoscale fine particle proportion in mass concentration that concentration is the highest almost can be ignored, therefore only particle quality concentration is monitored the actual demand that can not meet prediction of air quality, pollute control and scientific research, strengthen particle particle diameter and measurement of concetration and have important practical significance.For a long time, optical means is directly discharged into primary particulate particle diameter and the measurement of concetration in atmosphere because its original position, online, quick, contactless measurement advantage are usually used in human being's production life, and for dusty gas in atmosphere, by photochemical reaction, be transformed, particle diameter is less, concentration is higher, the second particle thing larger on ecosystem impact, the method that conventionally need to combine with optics by electricity is carried out grain size grading and measurement.Fine particle state-of-charge under natural environment is normally unknown, need to realize the again charged and reach known state-of-charge (distribution of Boltzmann's charge balance) of particle by additional householder method, and such device is often called as charging neutrality source.
For a long time, the stability and high efficiency that radioactive substance is applied to realizing particle as a kind of stable ionization source is charged.For the consideration of security, this type of charging neutrality source is used at home and is subject to strict management and control.Patent 200910117124.7 has proposed a kind of unipolarity aerosol electrostatic averager, utilize high pressure ionization to produce unipolarity charging area, because unipolarity ion concentration is higher, so in such and source is mainly towards laboratory research, for the charged of nano level superfine particle and measurement.For nearly micron-sized bulky grain thing, often because carrying capacity is too high, cause electrode adsorption loss.200710059569.5 in designed a kind of bipolarity aerosol electrostatic averager, this averager comprises in static and casing, high voltage source output device, two high-field electrodes, in static He on casing, be provided with air inlet, gas outlet and mixing air mouth, the position of air inlet, gas outlet is relative, two high-field electrodes are boundling needle electrode, be separately fixed at casing both sides, box house is fixed with column earth plate, and two high-field electrodes are received in the output of described high voltage source output device.High voltage source output device is used for exporting the adjustable voltage of 0～± 10KV.This charging neutrality source needs clean gas flow as electric charge carrier gas, and this is difficult to meet the charged demand of particle under multiple field observation condition.Meanwhile, because positive and negative electrode is relative, need larger flow rate of carrier gas could effectively reduce the absorption loss of free charge.Due to any particle diameter cutter sweep not being set, thereby in surrounding air, entering of large-size particles thing will be obtained the charged efficiency of a large amount of free charge reduction small particles.The present invention is intended to obtain a kind of complex condition Atmospheric particulates nanoscale of can realizing to high-performance charge method for electrically and device within the scope of micron order wide particle diameter.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is: overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of Charging Techniques and device of Atmospheric particulates stability and high efficiency is provided, can measure for the Size rapid classification based on particle electromigration characteristic; And simple in structure, convenient later maintenance, can realize efficiently charged to micron order wide particle diameter scope endoparticle thing of complex condition Atmospheric particulates nanoscale.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: Atmospheric particulates bipolarity charge device, utilize impacting type particle cutting method, realize the elementary cutting of particle diameter of ambient air particle, remove bulky grain thing to the excessive adsorption of free charge and the pollution to charged cavity; Utilize strong alternating electric field to realize field-ionization and obtain enough bipolarity free charges, realize efficiently charged from nanoscale to micron particles thing.
Atmospheric particulates bipolarity charge device of the present invention comprises: impacting type particle cutter 1, the charged chamber 2 of particle, high pressure ionization chamber 3 and friendship be high voltage source 4 frequently; Described impacting type particle cutter 1 outside is cylindrical structure, and inside is cylindrical hollow configuration, sample gas air inlet pipe 5, cutter lid 6, cutting wall 7, inertial impaction platform 8, consists of; Described cutter lid 6 is the integrated design with sample gas air inlet pipe 5, and there is gear edge sample gas air inlet pipe 5 ends, and is connected with cutting wall 7 by screw thread, and there is O-ring seals junction; Inertial impaction platform 8 is the integrated design with cutting wall 7, and inertial impaction platform 8 and cutter lid 6, the 5 coaxial installations of sample gas air inlet pipe; 2 outsides, the charged chamber of described particle are rectangular structure, and inner space is cylindrical hollow configuration, charged chamber wall 9, sample gas gas outlet 10, consists of; Charged chamber wall 9 is anterior to be connected with inertial impaction platform 8 internal run-throughs, and Yu Yangqi gas outlet, rear portion 10 connects and connects; 3 outsides, high pressure ionization chamber are cylindrical structural, and inside is cylindrical hollow configuration, high-voltage discharging electrode 11, high-field electrode fixed pedestal 12 and charged chamber wall 13, consists of; High-voltage discharging electrode 11 is fixed on high-field electrode fixed pedestal 12, and is connected with handing over high voltage source 4 frequently; Described high-voltage discharging electrode 11, fixed pedestal 12, the airtight coaxial installation of charged chamber wall 13, fixed pedestal 12 is detachable with 13 later stages of charged chamber wall.
Described sample gas air inlet pipe 5 outer ends are cylindrical, for connecting extraneous sampling pipe; The other end is that aperture accelerates orifice design, in order to realize the moment of particle in sample gas, accelerates.
The thin metal layer of described inertial impaction platform 8 tops for processing through roughening, lower floor is hollow cylindrical structure, and on the face of cylinder, has rectangular slot, realizes inertia cutter cavity and the UNICOM of clashing into platform inner space.
Described high-voltage discharging electrode 11 is tungsten pin, and being connected and fixed pedestal 12 one end is cylindrical structural, and the other end is aciculiform structure, and tip position and charged chamber wall 9 inner surfaces tangent.
Described fixed pedestal 12 is insulation polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) material, and inside is hollow cylindrical structure, in order to installation high-voltage sparking electrode 11.
The interior sample gas air inlet pipe 5 of described impacting type particle cutter 1, cutter lid 6, cutting wall 7, inertial impaction platform 8 all adopt aluminium matter; Interior charged chamber, the charged chamber 2 of described particle wall 9, sample gas gas outlet 10 all adopt aluminium matter; Described high pressure ionization chamber 3 ionization chamber walls 13 are aluminium matter.
Described friendship frequently high voltage source 4 provides 0～± 5KV alternation high pressure.
Described impacting type particle cutter 1, the charged chamber 2 of particle, the equal good earth of high pressure ionization chamber 3 outer wall.
Cardinal principle of the present invention is: utilize particle inertia incision principle, realizing under the accurate prerequisite of controlling of air-flow velocity, by rational Design on Plane sample gas air inlet diameter and to the distance of clashing into table top, realize the particle diameter separated (it is indoor that the particle of particle diameter more than 1 μ m is trapped within inertial impaction) of particle.Utilize and hand over high voltage electric field frequently that tungsten pin electrode surrounding air in ionization chamber cavity is ionized, simultaneously under the effect of alternating electric field, part free ion is transported in the central core region of the charged chamber of particle, after aerosol gas sample to be measured enters charging area, the unipolarity particle of moment and high concentration completes charged process.Because tungsten pin electrode is positioned at high pressure ionization chamber, turn round and look at its loss of absorption to particle less.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
(1) basic principle is bipolarity field-ionization electric discharge, thoroughly solve airborne fine particulate matter monitoring field radioactivity charged in and the use drawback in source.
(2) high-performance impacting type particle filter, is realizing under the prerequisite of particle particle diameter Accurate Classification, greatly reduces the absorption of the large particle of aerosol to the pollution problem of charged system and free electron;
(3) the charged chamber of ionization chamber and particle adopts separation design, free charge is progressively transported to particle charging area under the effect of alternating electric field, greatly reduce the high-pressure electrostatic absorption loss of charged inside cavity, further improve the charged efficiency of airborne fine particulate matter.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is system architecture schematic diagram of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, system of the present invention embodiment comprises: impacting type particle cutter 1, the charged chamber 2 of particle, high pressure ionization chamber 3 and friendship be high voltage source 4 frequently.Impacting type particle cutter 1 outside is cylindrical structure, and inside is cylindrical hollow configuration, sample gas air inlet pipe 5, cutter lid 6, cutting wall 7, inertial impaction platform 8, consists of.Sample gas air inlet pipe 5 outer ends are cylindrical, for connecting extraneous sampling pipe; The other end is that aperture accelerates orifice design, under suction suction function, realize sample gas in moment of particle accelerate.Cutter lid 6 is the integrated design with sample gas air inlet pipe 5, and there is gear edge end, and is connected with cutting wall 7 by screw thread, and there is O-ring seals junction.The thin metal layer of inertial impaction platform 8 tops for processing through roughening, lower floor is hollow cylindrical structure, and on the face of cylinder, has rectangular slot, can realize inertia cutter cavity and the UNICOM of clashing into platform inner space.Inertial impaction platform 8 is the integrated design with cutting wall 7, and with cutter lid 6, the 5 coaxial installations of sample gas air inlet pipe.Sample gas air inlet pipe 5, cutter lid 6, cutting wall 7, inertial impaction platform 8 all adopt aluminium matter.
2 outsides, the charged chamber of particle are rectangular structure, and wall 2 rear and front ends, charged chamber have through hole, and inner space is cylindrical hollow configuration, charged chamber wall 9, sample gas gas outlet 10, consists of.The charged chamber of particle interior or exterior space, through hole are coaxial.Charged chamber wall 2 sidewalls connect and are connected with high pressure ionization chamber.Charged chamber wall 9, sample gas gas outlet 10 all adopt aluminium matter.
3 outsides, high pressure ionization chamber are cylindrical structural, and inside is cylindrical hollow configuration, high-field electrode 11, high-field electrode fixed pedestal 12, charged chamber wall 13, consists of; High-voltage discharging electrode 11 is tungsten pin, and being connected and fixed pedestal 12 one end is cylindrical structural, and the other end is aciculiform structure, and tip position and charged chamber wall 9 inner surfaces tangent; Fixed pedestal 12 is insulation material, and inside is hollow cylindrical structure, with the airtight connection of high-voltage discharging electrode 11.High-voltage discharging electrode 11, fixed pedestal 12, the airtight coaxial installation of charged chamber wall 13, fixed pedestal 12 is detachable with 13 later stages of charged chamber wall, facilitates the daily cleaning of high-voltage discharging electrode.3 tops, high pressure ionization chamber are run through and are connected with the charged chamber of particle 2 sidewalls.High pressure ionization chamber 3 ionization chamber walls 13 be aluminium matter.
Hand over high voltage source 4 to be frequently connected with high-voltage discharging electrode 11 by high-voltage insulating wire, 0～± 5KV alternation high pressure can be provided.
The course of work of apparatus of the present invention is: under the effect of the negative suction of air pump of bleeding, sampling air flow enters impacting type particle cutter 1 through sample gas air inlet pipe 5 and after spout accelerates, the larger particle of particle diameter is because the effect of centrifugal force is clashed into and is trapped within on inertial impaction platform 8, and the less particle of particle diameter enters shock platform 8 inside with air-flow by the slit on inertial impaction platform 8 sidewalls, and then enter in the charged chamber 2 of particle.
High-voltage discharging electrode 11 is being handed under the friendship frequency high pressure that high voltage source 4 provides frequently, and at high-voltage discharging electrode 11, around producing high strength periodically shakes electric field, air is constantly ionized and produced bipolarity electric charge.Bipolarity free charge, under the effect of electric field, progressively to the regional movement away from spray point, and finally reaches the charged chamber of particle 2 axial location.Due to this axial location from high-voltage discharging electrode 11 away from, can effectively reduce in ionization process the Electrostatic Absorption loss to particle.Particle after charged continues along charged chamber 2 axial-movements under the effect of air-flow, and leaves the charged chamber 2 of particle by the sample gas outlet of rear end.
Non-elaborated part of the present invention belongs to those skilled in the art's common practise.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. Atmospheric particulates bipolarity charge device, is characterized in that comprising: impacting type particle cutter (1), the charged chamber of particle (2), high pressure ionization chamber (3) and friendship be high voltage source (4) frequently; Described impacting type particle cutter (1) outside is cylindrical structure, and inside is cylindrical hollow configuration, sample gas air inlet pipe (5), cutter lid (6), cutting wall (7), inertial impaction platform (8), consists of; Described cutter lid (6) is the integrated design with sample gas air inlet pipe (5), and there is gear edge sample gas air inlet pipe (5) end, and is connected with cutting wall (7) by screw thread, and there is O-ring seals junction; Inertial impaction platform (8) is the integrated design with cutting wall (7), and inertial impaction platform (8) and cutter lid (6), the coaxial installation of sample gas air inlet pipe (5); Outside, the charged chamber of described particle (2) is rectangular structure, and inner space is cylindrical hollow configuration, charged chamber wall (9), sample gas gas outlet (10), consists of; Charged chamber wall (9) is anterior to be connected with inertial impaction platform (8) internal run-through, and Yu Yangqi gas outlet, rear portion (10) connects and connects; Outside, high pressure ionization chamber (3) is cylindrical structural, and inside is cylindrical hollow configuration, high-voltage discharging electrode (11), high-field electrode fixed pedestal (12) and charged chamber wall (13), consists of; It is upper that high-voltage discharging electrode (11) is fixed on high-field electrode fixed pedestal (12), and be connected with handing over high voltage source (4) frequently; Described high-voltage discharging electrode (11), fixed pedestal (12), the airtight coaxial installation of charged chamber wall (13), fixed pedestal (12) is detachable with charged chamber wall (13) later stage.
2. Atmospheric particulates bipolarity charge device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described sample gas air inlet pipe (5) outer end is cylindrical, for connecting extraneous sampling pipe; The other end is that aperture accelerates orifice design, in order to realize the moment of particle in sample gas, accelerates.
3. Atmospheric particulates bipolarity charge device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the thin metal layer of described inertial impaction platform (8) top for processing through roughening, lower floor is hollow cylindrical structure, and on the face of cylinder, have rectangular slot, realize inertia cutter cavity and the UNICOM of clashing into platform inner space.
4. Atmospheric particulates bipolarity charge device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described high-voltage discharging electrode (11) is tungsten pin, being connected and fixed pedestal (12) one end is cylindrical structural, and the other end is aciculiform structure, and tip position and charged chamber wall (9) inner surface tangent.
5. Atmospheric particulates bipolarity charge device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described fixed pedestal (12) is insulation polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) material, and inside is hollow cylindrical structure, in order to installation high-voltage sparking electrode (11).
6. Atmospheric particulates bipolarity charge device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described impacting type particle cutter (1) interior sample gas air inlet pipe (5), cutter lid (6), cutting wall (7), inertial impaction platform (8) all adopt aluminium matter; In the charged chamber of described particle (2), charged chamber wall (9), sample gas gas outlet (10) all adopt aluminum; Described high pressure ionization chamber (3) ionization chamber wall (13) is aluminum.
7. Atmospheric particulates bipolarity charge device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described friendship frequently high voltage source (4) provides 0～± 5KV alternation high pressure.
8. Atmospheric particulates bipolarity charge device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described impacting type particle cutter (1), the charged chamber of particle (2), the equal good earth of high pressure ionization chamber (3) outer wall.
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| CN201310573629.0A CN103623925B (en) | 2013-11-14 | 2013-11-14 | Atmospheric particulates bipolarity charge device |
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| CN201310573629.0A CN103623925B (en) | 2013-11-14 | 2013-11-14 | Atmospheric particulates bipolarity charge device |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106076626A (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2016-11-09 | 燕山大学 | A kind of multistage electrostatic dust removal equipment based on particle scale |
| CN108554632A (en) * | 2018-01-08 | 2018-09-21 | 合肥工业大学 | It is a kind of to apply the device that method carries out sample particle electrostatic collection using charge |
| CN108828334B (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2020-08-11 | 中国矿业大学 | Flat plate type particle charge quantity measuring device and method utilizing charge neutralization |
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| JP2008070281A (en) * | 2006-09-15 | 2008-03-27 | Shimadzu Corp | Charge device |
| CN101155458A (en) * | 2007-09-11 | 2008-04-02 | 天津大学 | Aerosol electrostatic averager |
| CN101581698A (en) * | 2009-06-23 | 2009-11-18 | 中国科学院安徽光学精密机械研究所 | Aerosol field ionization electric charge source device |
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Patent Citations (6)
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| US20030034781A1 (en) * | 2001-08-20 | 2003-02-20 | Mahmoud Abdel-Rahman | Miniaturized glow discharge electron capture detector |
| CN1768411A (en) * | 2003-04-04 | 2006-05-03 | Jeol美国公司 | Atmospheric pressure ion source |
| JP2008070281A (en) * | 2006-09-15 | 2008-03-27 | Shimadzu Corp | Charge device |
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| CN106076626A (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2016-11-09 | 燕山大学 | A kind of multistage electrostatic dust removal equipment based on particle scale |
| CN106076626B (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2017-08-25 | 燕山大学 | A kind of multistage electrostatic dust removal equipment based on particle scale |
| CN108554632A (en) * | 2018-01-08 | 2018-09-21 | 合肥工业大学 | It is a kind of to apply the device that method carries out sample particle electrostatic collection using charge |
| CN108828334B (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2020-08-11 | 中国矿业大学 | Flat plate type particle charge quantity measuring device and method utilizing charge neutralization |
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