CN103617515A - Vehicle loading and unloading control method used in logistics business based on radio frequency identification - Google Patents
Vehicle loading and unloading control method used in logistics business based on radio frequency identification Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a vehicle loading and unloading control method used in the logistics business based on radio frequency identification. The method relates to vehicles, goods, RFID labels, RFID label reader-writers and a computer, wherein the vehicles are vehicles used for transportation in the logistics business, information of the vehicles is recorded in a database and comprises the three-dimensional capacity namely length, width and height, the rated load, and general information such as the license plate number and the vehicle model, a fixed RFID label reader-writer is mounted on each vehicle, the goods are objects to be transported, the length, width, height, weight and unloading position of each piece of goods need to be measured and recorded in a database when the goods are picked up, an RFID label is stuck to the surface of each piece of goods, one-to-one corresponding relations between the labels and the goods are established in the database, the stacking sequence and the number of goods are monitored during loading, and the number of unloaded goods and the correctness of the unloading positions are monitored during unloading.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of based on RFID(Radio Frequency Identification, radio frequency identification) vehicle handling goods control method in logistics business, it applies in the handling goods process of lorry in logistics progress, handling goods is monitored and controlled, belong to the practical application of RFID technology in logistics.
Background technology
The handling of domestic logistics industry lorry mainly still adopt artificial mode make an inventory and load and unload.
In logistics handling goods process, mainly there is following problem at home:
(1) problem of making an inventory.Manually make an inventory and be easy to miscount quantity of goods, when goods is piled up together, check pretty troublesome.
(2) goods on lorry pile up order, position problems.Because consider the many factors such as size, weight of lot cargo, and existing goods to pile up order be all to decide by people, so both taken great energy, can not guarantee rationality again.The goods of same car, may have a plurality of landing places.If the goods that mistake need to first unload is put into bottom, can increase a lot of troubles.And, in each place unloading process, to check, in order to avoid make mistakes, be very loaded down with trivial details.
The major technique that native system is used is a core technology in Internet of Things, i.e. RFID technology.General rfid system all comprises the several parts of label, read write line, antenna and background data base.Radio-frequency (RF) identification is a kind of contactless automatic identification technology, and it utilizes the transport property of radiofrequency signal and Space Coupling thereof, realizes the automatic identification to static or mobile article.Radio frequency identification is often called induction type electronic chip or closely connects card, contactless card, non-contact card, electronic tag, electronic bar code etc.A simple rfid system is comprised of reader (Reader), transponder (Transponder) or electronic tag (Tag), its principle is that radio wave energy by read write line transmitting characteristic frequency is to transponder, in order to drive transponder circuit, read the ID code of transponder inside.Its form of transponder has the polytypes such as card, button, label, and electronic tag has exempts from by battery, contact-free, is not afraid of dirtyly, and chip password is that the world is unique, cannot copy, and has the features such as safe, the life-span is long.So RFID label can be attached to or be arranged on different article, reads by the read write line that is arranged on diverse geographic location the data that are stored in label, realize the automatic identification to article.
The principal feature of RFID technology is to transmit identifying information by electromagnetic coupled mode, is not subject to space constraint, can carry out rapidly object tracking and exchanges data.Because RFID need to utilize radio frequency resource, must observe many standards of radio frequency supervising.Specifically, compare with the same period or early stage contact recognition technology, RFID also has the following feature.
(1) read-write capability of data.As long as by rfid interrogator, do not need contact can directly read data message in radio-frequency card in database, and once can process a plurality of labels, also the data mode of processing can be write to electronic tag.
(2) miniaturization of electronic tag and variation.RFID is not subject to the restriction of size and shape on reading, and need to not coordinate in order to read degree of accuracy fixed measure and the press quality of paper.In addition, RFID electronic tag more can develop to miniaturization, is convenient to be embedded in different article.Therefore, can control more neatly production and the control of article, the particularly application on production line.
(3) environment resistant.The most outstanding feature of RFID is can non-contact read-write (reading/writing distance can from ten centimetres to tens meters), can identify high-speed moving object, anti-adverse environment, and the materials such as water, oil and medicine are had to powerful pollution resistance.RFID can be among dark or dirty environment reading out data.
(4) reusable.Because RFID is electronic data, can repeatedly read and write, therefore can reclaim label and reuse, increase operation rate, reduce electronic pollution.
(5) penetrability.Even if RFID is coated by nonmetal, nontransparent materials such as paper, timber and plastics, also can carry out penetrability communication.But it can not communicate through metal objects such as ironys.
(6) memory capacity of data is large.Data capacity can expand along with the development of memory specification, and the required data volume of carrying of following article can be more and more large, and the demand that can expand capacity to label also can increase, and to this RFID, will can not be restricted.
(7) security of system.Product data are dumped to from central computer on label and will, for system provides safety guarantee, improve widely the security of system.In radio-frequency (RF) tag, the storage of data can be guaranteed by the method for verification or cyclic redundancy check (CRC).
Radio frequency identification (RFID, Radio Frequency Identification) is actually concrete application and the development of automatic identification technology (AEI, Automatic Equipment Identification) aspect radiotelegraphy.The basic thought of this technology is, by adopting some advanced technological means, to realize people's automatic identification and management under different conditions (mobile, static or rugged surroundings) to each type objects or equipment (personnel, article).
Summary of the invention:
Technical matters: the object of this invention is to provide vehicle handling goods control method in a kind of logistics business based on radio frequency identification, on every goods, stick RFID label, system is high according to the length and width of goods, weight and landing place, and the high three-dimensional capacity of the length and width of goods carrying vehicle and can load weight, provide the sequentially suggestion of piling up of goods, and monitor in handling goods process.Lade to goods pile up order and quantity of goods is monitored, when unloaded of cargo, the correctness of unloading quantity and emptying point is monitored.
Technical scheme: vehicle handling goods control method in a kind of logistics business based on radio frequency identification of the present invention, relates separately to vehicle, goods, RFID label, RFID tag read-write equipment and computing machine part;
Vehicle refers in logistics business the vehicle of being responsible for transportation, and the information of vehicle is recorded in database, comprises the high three-dimensional capacity of length and width, and payload ratings, and the routine information such as license plate number, vehicle model, can install a fixed RFID tag read-write equipment on each car;
The article that goods is transported, every goods all will be measured the high and weight of its length and width when addressee, and emptying point, is recorded in database, by one piece of RFID label sticking and goods surface, and in database, sets up the one-to-one relationship of label and goods;
Tag read-write equipment is divided into two kinds, a kind of for to be arranged on the fixed tag read-write equipment on vehicle, for loading and unloading goods process dynamically identifying goods; Another kind is hand-held label read write line, reads the RFID label information sticking on goods during for typing goods information, and two kinds of tag read-write equipments all divide and are connected with computer department, carry out real-time data interaction, as the input equipment of system,
Computer department divides and comprises program part and database section;
Detailed process during lade is:
1) all available label information of user's typing, the RFID label information that computing machine receives user's typing deposits tag database in,
2) all available information of vehicles of user's typing, the information of vehicles that computing machine receives user's typing deposits vehicle data storehouse in,
3) receive the stage, the goods information that computing machine receives user's input deposits cargo data storehouse in, what according to user, by handheld RFID tag read-write equipment, read sticks on the RFID label information on goods again, deposits the linked database of mapping one by one of goods and RFID label in
4) user piles up function pages in the plan of computing machine and selects the goods that will transport and the vehicle of use, carry out and intend piling up scheme generating run, computing machine arranges goods in class according to the emptying point of goods, if there are a plurality of landing places, allows user input the sequencing in landing place; The principle of first piling up according to rear unloading, computing machine uses the plan that the method for exhaustion is set up goods by class to pile up scheme, if the load that the space hold amount of goods exceeds selected vehicle, or general assembly (TW) exceeds the nominal load capacity of selected vehicle, performs step 5); If obtain a feasible scheme of piling up, perform step 6),
5) cancel this plan and pile up operation, warning that ejection goods cumulative volume exceeds the quata or general assembly (TW) exceeds the quata, returns to step 4),
6) to user, show and intend piling up scheme, provide 3D patterned display and list to show two kinds of exhibition methods, the information that computing machine is shown to user is goods information, but computer background is set up corresponding RFID label loading queue according to the order of piling up of goods,
7) the same article of considering same specification have many, these many barter are piled up position to not impact of the scheme of piling up, computing machine by load queue foremost a part representing that the RFID label information with same size identical items extracts and setting up current loading queue, if current loading queue non-NULL, performs step 8); If current loading team is classified sky as, from loading queue, extract foremost and representing that the RFID label information with same size identical items sets up current loading queue; If loading team is classified sky as, perform step 9),
8) in Container Loading process, system by be arranged on fixed rfid interrogator Real-Time Monitoring lade on vehicle dynamically, fixed rfid interrogator on vehicle detects a RFID label and from outside, moves to railway carriage when inner, i.e. representative has a goods to be loaded in car; When a RFID label often being detected and moving, computing machine is searched this RFID label from current loading queue, if this RFID label not in current loading queue, illustrates Container Loading, order is wrong, provide and continue warning, until fixed rfid interrogator detects this RFID label, leave railway carriage; After each part goods is correctly loaded, in list and 3D figure, delete complementary goods information, and delete corresponding RFID label information from current loading list, return to step 7),
9) Container Loading is complete, provides prompting, finishes loading process;
Utilization is pasted on the state of the RFID label monitoring goods on goods, and according to the correctness of the state judgement unloading of goods, detailed process during unloaded of cargo is:
10) computing machine receives the emptying point of user's input,
12) goods information that computing machine will unload according to emptying point retrieval, lists unloaded of cargo inventory, and can provide the form of 3D pattern to show the position of piling up of complementary goods, sets up RFID label unloading queue,
13) in goods unloading process, computing machine by be arranged on fixed rfid interrogator Real-Time Monitoring unloaded of cargo on vehicle dynamically, when the fixed rfid interrogator on vehicle detects a RFID label and moves to outside from railway carriage inside, i.e. representative has a goods unloaded, when a RFID label often being detected and moving, computing machine is searched this RFID label from the unloading queue of RFID label; If this RFID label, not in unloading queue, illustrates that goods unloading is wrong, provide and continue warning, until detecting this RFID label, gets back in railway carriage fixed rfid interrogator; After the correct unloading of goods, in list and 3D figure, delete complementary goods information, and delete corresponding RFID label information from unloading list, computing machine is cancelled the associated one by one of this goods and RFID label in database, if unloading queue is empty, perform step 14); If unloading queue non-NULL, repeated execution of steps 13),
14) goods completion of discharge, provides prompting, finishes uninstall process.
Beneficial effect: adopt artificial mode in existing handling goods process, have consuming time and shortcoming fallibility.This method, in conjunction with RFID technology, is Semi-automatic control system.This method is utilized RFID technology, and it can sense by radio frequency identification the position of sensor, utilizes this technology to obtain position and the quantity information of goods.This method has replaced manual operation with computing machine software operation, not only saves human resources, and more effectively more more accurate than manpower, can greatly improve the speed of handling goods.
Accompanying drawing explanation:
The workflow diagram of system during Fig. 1 system loading goods.
The workflow diagram of system during Fig. 2 system unloaded of cargo.
Embodiment:
This method relates to five entities, is respectively vehicle, goods, RFID label, RFID tag read-write equipment and software section.
Vehicle: vehicle refers to the vehicle of being responsible for transportation in logistics business.Yi Ge logistics department generally can have many cars, and the information of vehicle is recorded in database, comprises the high three-dimensional capacity of length and width, payload ratings, and other routine informations such as license plate number, vehicle model.On each car, a fixing tag read-write equipment can be installed.
Goods: the article that goods is transported.Every goods all will be measured the high and weight of its length and width when addressee, and emptying point, is recorded in database, by one piece of RFID label sticking and goods surface, and in database, sets up the one-to-one relationship of label and goods.
RFID label: RFID label and goods are one-to-one relationship, in software section, a RFID label has represented a goods.It sticks on goods surface, and it is flat therefore needing its profile as far as possible.In database, need to record the information of all labels.
RFID tag read-write equipment: tag read-write equipment is divided into two kinds.For being arranged on the fixed tag read-write equipment on vehicle, goods is identified when loading and unloading goods.Another kind is hand-held label read write line, reading tag information during for adhesive label on goods.Two kinds of tag read-write equipments are all wanted to be connected with software section, carry out real-time data interaction.
Computing machine part: computer department divides program part and the database section that comprises deal with data.What the computing machine of hereinafter mentioning represented is program part.
The present invention includes RFID label sticking, set up the mapping database of label and goods, Container Loading, goods unloading, totally 4 steps:
(1) in collecting goods process, the goods of each independent packaging of receiving is shone upon mutually with a sensor, sensor is attached in goods external packing.Owing to using the label of external hanging type, can take certain space, so require label to make flat as far as possible.
(2) then set up cargo data storehouse, record the identification code of length, weight and the associated sensor of goods.If non-rectangular goods, the high rule that will get circumscribed rectangular parallelepiped of length and width, so that system-computed is piled up position.
(3) vehicle that each logistics company is used is relatively fixed, so system also will be carried out the registration work of vehicle before using, has the information that records each car in system database, comprises the length of container and wide, and load limit.Before lade, the first vehicle of choice for use in system, and the goods that need to pack into,, is calculated one and more reasonably piles up order according to the factors such as order of the size of goods, weight, quantity, unloading by computing machine.If goods is too much or overweight, also can provide warning.In Container Loading process, the goods in car has been moved in the monitoring that system also can be real-time, it is piled up to order and detect, and if there is piling up sequence error, provides prompting.If there is be not that this car goods but packs into by mistake, provide warning.And system can show the remaining goods in car that do not pack in real time.
(4) before the unloading of goods, to system, input this landing place, which goods is system can inquire automatically needs unloading, and points out the position of piling up of complementary goods.Provide the 3D location drawing of corresponding goods.In unloading process, system can be monitored the goods in car in real time, once there be the goods of mislanding, provides warning.The sensor that needs to tear after goods unloads reclaims to reuse.
Concrete grammar is as follows
Detailed process during lade is:
1) all available label information of user's typing, the RFID label information that computing machine receives user's typing deposits tag database in,
2) all available information of vehicles of user's typing, the information of vehicles that computing machine receives user's typing deposits vehicle data storehouse in,
3) receive the stage, the goods information that computing machine receives user's input deposits cargo data storehouse in, what according to user, by handheld RFID tag read-write equipment, read sticks on the RFID label information on goods again, deposits the linked database of mapping one by one of goods and RFID label in
4) user piles up function pages in the plan of computing machine and selects the goods that will transport and the vehicle of use, carry out and intend piling up scheme generating run, computing machine arranges goods in class according to the emptying point of goods, if there are a plurality of landing places, allows user input the sequencing in landing place; The principle of first piling up according to rear unloading, computing machine uses the plan that the method for exhaustion is set up goods by class to pile up scheme, if the load that the space hold amount of goods exceeds selected vehicle, or general assembly (TW) exceeds the nominal load capacity of selected vehicle, performs step 5); If obtain a feasible scheme of piling up, perform step 6),
5) cancel this plan and pile up operation, warning that ejection goods cumulative volume exceeds the quata or general assembly (TW) exceeds the quata, returns to step 4),
6) to user, show and intend piling up scheme, provide 3D patterned display and list to show two kinds of exhibition methods, the information that computing machine is shown to user is goods information, but computer background is set up corresponding RFID label loading queue according to the order of piling up of goods,
7) the same article of considering same specification have many, these many barter are piled up position to not impact of the scheme of piling up, computing machine by load queue foremost a part representing that the RFID label information with same size identical items extracts and setting up current loading queue, if current loading queue non-NULL, performs step 8); If current loading team is classified sky as, from loading queue, extract foremost and representing that the RFID label information with same size identical items sets up current loading queue; If loading team is classified sky as, perform step 9),
8) in Container Loading process, system by be arranged on fixed rfid interrogator Real-Time Monitoring lade on vehicle dynamically, fixed rfid interrogator on vehicle detects a RFID label and from outside, moves to railway carriage when inner, i.e. representative has a goods to be loaded in car; When a RFID label often being detected and moving, computing machine is searched this RFID label from current loading queue, if this RFID label not in current loading queue, illustrates Container Loading, order is wrong, provide and continue warning, until fixed rfid interrogator detects this RFID label, leave railway carriage; After each part goods is correctly loaded, in list and 3D figure, delete complementary goods information, and delete corresponding RFID label information from current loading list, return to step 7),
9) Container Loading is complete, provides prompting, finishes loading process;
Utilization is pasted on the state of the RFID label monitoring goods on goods, and according to the correctness of the state judgement unloading of goods, detailed process during unloaded of cargo is:
10) computing machine receives the emptying point of user's input,
12) goods information that computing machine will unload according to emptying point retrieval, lists unloaded of cargo inventory, and can provide the form of 3D pattern to show the position of piling up of complementary goods, sets up RFID label unloading queue,
13) in goods unloading process, computing machine by be arranged on fixed rfid interrogator Real-Time Monitoring unloaded of cargo on vehicle dynamically, when the fixed rfid interrogator on vehicle detects a RFID label and moves to outside from railway carriage inside, i.e. representative has a goods unloaded, when a RFID label often being detected and moving, computing machine is searched this RFID label from the unloading queue of RFID label; If this RFID label, not in unloading queue, illustrates that goods unloading is wrong, provide and continue warning, until detecting this RFID label, gets back in railway carriage fixed rfid interrogator; After the correct unloading of goods, in list and 3D figure, delete complementary goods information, and delete corresponding RFID label information from unloading list, computing machine is cancelled the associated one by one of this goods and RFID label in database, if unloading queue is empty, perform step 14); If unloading queue non-NULL, repeated execution of steps 13),
14) goods completion of discharge, provides prompting, finishes uninstall process.
Claims (1)
1. a vehicle handling goods control method in the logistics business based on radio frequency identification, is characterized in that the method relates separately to vehicle, goods, RFID label, RFID tag read-write equipment and computing machine part;
Vehicle refers in logistics business the vehicle of being responsible for transportation, and the information of vehicle is recorded in database, comprises the high three-dimensional capacity of length and width, and payload ratings, and the routine information such as license plate number, vehicle model, can install a fixed RFID tag read-write equipment on each car;
The article that goods is transported, every goods all will be measured the high and weight of its length and width when addressee, and emptying point, is recorded in database, by one piece of RFID label sticking and goods surface, and in database, sets up the one-to-one relationship of label and goods;
Tag read-write equipment is divided into two kinds, a kind of for to be arranged on the fixed tag read-write equipment on vehicle, for loading and unloading goods process dynamically identifying goods; Another kind is hand-held label read write line, reads the RFID label information sticking on goods during for typing goods information, and two kinds of tag read-write equipments all divide and are connected with computer department, carry out real-time data interaction, as the input equipment of system,
Computer department divides and comprises program part and database section;
Detailed process during lade is:
1) all available label information of user's typing, the RFID label information that computing machine receives user's typing deposits tag database in,
2) all available information of vehicles of user's typing, the information of vehicles that computing machine receives user's typing deposits vehicle data storehouse in,
3) receive the stage, the goods information that computing machine receives user's input deposits cargo data storehouse in, what according to user, by handheld RFID tag read-write equipment, read sticks on the RFID label information on goods again, deposits the linked database of mapping one by one of goods and RFID label in
4) user piles up function pages in the plan of computing machine and selects the goods that will transport and the vehicle of use, carry out and intend piling up scheme generating run, computing machine arranges goods in class according to the emptying point of goods, if there are a plurality of landing places, allows user input the sequencing in landing place; The principle of first piling up according to rear unloading, computing machine uses the plan that the method for exhaustion is set up goods by class to pile up scheme, if the load that the space hold amount of goods exceeds selected vehicle, or general assembly (TW) exceeds the nominal load capacity of selected vehicle, performs step 5); If obtain a feasible scheme of piling up, perform step 6),
5) cancel this plan and pile up operation, warning that ejection goods cumulative volume exceeds the quata or general assembly (TW) exceeds the quata, returns to step 4),
6) to user, show and intend piling up scheme, provide 3D patterned display and list to show two kinds of exhibition methods, the information that computing machine is shown to user is goods information, but computer background is set up corresponding RFID label loading queue according to the order of piling up of goods,
7) the same article of considering same specification have many, these many barter are piled up position to not impact of the scheme of piling up, computing machine by load queue foremost a part representing that the RFID label information with same size identical items extracts and setting up current loading queue, if current loading queue non-NULL, performs step 8); If current loading team is classified sky as, from loading queue, extract foremost and representing that the RFID label information with same size identical items sets up current loading queue; If loading team is classified sky as, perform step 9),
8) in Container Loading process, system by be arranged on fixed rfid interrogator Real-Time Monitoring lade on vehicle dynamically, fixed rfid interrogator on vehicle detects a RFID label and from outside, moves to railway carriage when inner, i.e. representative has a goods to be loaded in car; When a RFID label often being detected and moving, computing machine is searched this RFID label from current loading queue, if this RFID label not in current loading queue, illustrates Container Loading, order is wrong, provide and continue warning, until fixed rfid interrogator detects this RFID label, leave railway carriage; After each part goods is correctly loaded, in list and 3D figure, delete complementary goods information, and delete corresponding RFID label information from current loading list, return to step 7),
9) Container Loading is complete, provides prompting, finishes loading process;
Utilization is pasted on the state of the RFID label monitoring goods on goods, and according to the correctness of the state judgement unloading of goods, detailed process during unloaded of cargo is:
10) computing machine receives the emptying point of user's input,
11) goods information that computing machine will unload according to emptying point retrieval, lists unloaded of cargo inventory, and can provide the form of 3D pattern to show the position of piling up of complementary goods, sets up RFID label unloading queue,
12) in goods unloading process, computing machine by be arranged on fixed rfid interrogator Real-Time Monitoring unloaded of cargo on vehicle dynamically, when the fixed rfid interrogator on vehicle detects a RFID label and moves to outside from railway carriage inside, i.e. representative has a goods unloaded, when a RFID label often being detected and moving, computing machine is searched this RFID label from the unloading queue of RFID label; If this RFID label, not in unloading queue, illustrates that goods unloading is wrong, provide and continue warning, until detecting this RFID label, gets back in railway carriage fixed rfid interrogator; After the correct unloading of goods, in list and 3D figure, delete complementary goods information, and delete corresponding RFID label information from unloading list, computing machine is cancelled the associated one by one of this goods and RFID label in database, if unloading queue is empty, perform step 13); If unloading queue non-NULL, repeated execution of steps 12),
13) goods completion of discharge, provides prompting, finishes uninstall process.
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