CN103612018B - A kind of laser-side-arcing complex welding method - Google Patents
A kind of laser-side-arcing complex welding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103612018B CN103612018B CN201310559656.2A CN201310559656A CN103612018B CN 103612018 B CN103612018 B CN 103612018B CN 201310559656 A CN201310559656 A CN 201310559656A CN 103612018 B CN103612018 B CN 103612018B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/346—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding
- B23K26/348—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding in combination with arc heating, e.g. TIG [tungsten inert gas], MIG [metal inert gas] or plasma welding
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of laser-side-arcing complex welding method, belong to Materialbearbeitung mit Laserlicht technical field.Adopt laser and side-arcing compound, during welding, utilize the interaction of electric arc and induced with laser plumage brightness, reduce plumage brightness to the impact of laser, capacity usage ratio and the welding efficiency of laser can not only be improved, and can significantly improve welding process stability and appearance of weld; Electric arc is formed at laser weld overlying regions, does not directly act on workpiece, and therefore the heat affecting of electric arc to workpiece is minimum, when do not increase molten wide, larger fusion penetration can be obtained, thus fully maintain the feature of laser weld.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of welding method, belong to Materialbearbeitung mit Laserlicht technical field, particularly relate to a kind of laser-side-arcing complex welding method.
Background technology
Laser weld has that energy density is high, welding efficiency is high, accessibility is good, heat input is little, the remarkable advantages such as welding deformation is little, welding quality is high, and the application obtained in a lot of fields widely and development, is a kind of Material Joining Technology the most advanced.
The absorptivity of material for laser light is the key factor affecting Materialbearbeitung mit Laserlicht.For metal and alloy thereof, the wavelength of laser beam is shorter, and absorptivity is higher.The laser instrument of the short wavelength such as solid state laser (as optical fiber laser and DISC laser instrument), semiconductor laser has had tremendous development in recent years, and its advantage in materials processing is also more and more obvious.For optical fiber laser, it its to have short wavelength, high-photoelectric transformation efficiency, high-output power, high light beam quality, low operating cost, volume little and can the advantage such as Optical Fiber Transmission, and provide a kind of thermal source of high-quality for materials processing.
Plumage brightness is this kind of laser instrument a kind of basic physical phenomenon when carrying out laser weld.Some scholars find when studying optical-fiber laser welding, there is a large amount of particulate in induced with laser plumage brightness to absorb and scattering incident laser, experiment finds that plumage brightness can reach 7% to the energy attenuation of level detection laser, thus thinks that plumage brightness produces significant impact to High Power Laser Welding process.Other scholar adopts the method for blowing down plumage brightness directly to demonstrate plumage brightness and produces significant impact to welding result.In a word, the plumage brightness of induced with laser not only causes incident laser energy decay and reduces utilization ratio of laser energy, and all has a negative impact to welding process stability and welding result.
Novel high-power laser instrument compared with traditional machining tool price costly, therefore, the capacity usage ratio improving optical-fiber laser during welding can not only reduce production cost effectively, and can enhance productivity.Electric arc is as a kind of welding heat source, not only technology maturation, and with low cost.Utilize electric arc to suppress plumage brightness on the impact of laser, effectively can improve capacity usage ratio and the welding efficiency of laser.
Although also there is this interaction of electric arc and plumage brightness in conventional laser arc hybrid welding method, but, because the electric arc of energy spread directly acts on surface of the work, add the heat input of workpiece on the one hand, expand heat effect district on the other hand, cause the reduction of the mechanical performance of heat affected area joint, the thermal deformation increase of workpiece, the superiority of laser weld to can not get sufficient embodiment, and this traditional hybrid Laser-Arc Welding form have larger restriction to some Welding Structure and welding material.For overcoming these problems, the present invention proposes a kind of laser-side-arcing complex welding method, the method effectively can improve utilization ratio of laser energy, can keep laser weld feature again and effectively can control induced with laser plumage brightness, improves utilization ratio of laser energy and welding efficiency, improves welding process stability and appearance of weld and keep the feature of laser weld.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of laser-side-arcing complex welding method wherein composite welding apparatus comprise the source of welding current, electrode a, nozzle a, laser beam, focus lamp, electrode b and nozzle b, wherein workpiece is welding object, and deeply molten aperture, welding pool, electric arc, plumage brightness and weld seam are formed in welding process; During welding, laser beam acts on workpiece, and electric arc is relative with the position of laser beam fixing; The two poles of the earth of the source of welding current are connected with electrode b with electrode a, and electric arc is formed between two electrodes, is positioned at LASER BEAM WELDING overlying regions; The laser that the present invention adopts and side-arcing complex welding method, utilize the interaction of electric arc and induced with laser plumage brightness, reduce plumage brightness to the impact of laser, capacity usage ratio and the welding efficiency of laser can not only be improved, and can significantly improve welding process stability and appearance of weld; In addition, electric arc does not directly act on workpiece, fully maintains the feature of laser weld.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is a kind of laser-side-arcing complex welding method, in welding process, the energy of laser realizes penetration fustion welding formation weld seam for melting workpiece, arcing interacts with the plumage brightness of induced with laser above welding region, to reduce the impact of plumage brightness on laser, thus improve capacity usage ratio and the welding efficiency of laser, significantly improve welding process stability simultaneously, significantly reduce spatter; Electric arc does not directly act on workpiece, but the plumage brightness utilizing the interaction of electric arc and laser beam induction plumage brightness effectively to control in welding process, because the heat affecting of electric arc to workpiece is minimum, the therefore complete feature maintaining laser weld.
The source of welding current is direct current or interchange or pulse or variable polarity power source; Laser beam is Solid State Laser (optical-fiber laser, YAG laser and DISC laser) or semiconductor laser; Electric arc is non-melt pole electrical arc (TIG electric arc or plasma arcs) or melt pole electrical arc (MIG or MAG); The angle that two electrodes project to surface of the work is 0 ° ~ 360 °; Welding method can additional filler welding wire in addition.
Compared with prior art the present invention has following beneficial effect: adopt laser and side-arcing composite welding, during welding, electric arc and induced with laser plumage brightness interact, high-temperature electric arc is utilized to suppress plumage brightness, reduce plumage brightness to the impact of laser, capacity usage ratio and the welding efficiency of laser can not only be improved, and can significantly improve welding process stability and appearance of weld; Electric arc is formed at laser weld overlying regions, does not directly act on workpiece, and therefore the heat affecting of electric arc to workpiece is minimum, when do not increase molten wide, larger fusion penetration can be obtained, thus fully maintain the feature of laser weld.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is composite welding apparatus schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 (a) is single laser weld face of weld design sketch.
Fig. 2 (b) is for adopting welded seam surface effect figure of the present invention.
Fig. 3 (a) is single laser weld seam cross-section design sketch.
Fig. 3 (b) is for adopting welded seam cross section design sketch of the present invention.
Fig. 4 (a) is single laser weld plumage brightness aspect graph.
Fig. 4 (b) welds plumage brightness aspect graph for adopting the present invention.
In figure: 1, the source of welding current, 2, workpiece, 3, deeply molten aperture, 4, welding pool, 5, electrode a, 6, nozzle a, 7, laser beam, 8, focus lamp, 9, electric arc, 10, plumage brightness, 11, electrode b, 12, nozzle b, 13, weld seam.
Detailed description of the invention
Below with reference to accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.
Be illustrated in figure 1 composite welding apparatus schematic diagram, wherein composite welding apparatus comprises the source of welding current 1, electrode a5, nozzle a6, laser beam 7, focus lamp 8, electrode b11 and nozzle b12, wherein workpiece 2 is welding object, and dark molten aperture 3, welding pool 4, electric arc 9, plumage brightness 10 and weld seam 13 are formed in welding process; During welding, laser beam 7 acts on workpiece 2, and electric arc 9 is relative with the position of laser beam 7 fixing; The two poles of the earth of the source of welding current 1 are connected with electrode b11 with electrode a5, and electric arc 9 is formed between two electrode a5 and electrode b11, are positioned at above laser beam 7 welding region; In welding process, the energy of laser realizes penetration fustion welding formation weld seam 13 for melting workpiece 2, electric arc 9 acts on above welding region and interacts with the plumage brightness 10 of induced with laser, to reduce the impact of plumage brightness 10 on laser, thus improve capacity usage ratio and the welding efficiency of laser, significantly improve welding process stability simultaneously, significantly reduce spatter; Electric arc 9 does not directly act on workpiece 2, but utilizes the plumage brightness 10 that electric arc 9 and laser beam 7 induce the interaction of plumage brightness 10 effectively to control in welding process, because the heat affecting of electric arc 9 pairs of workpiece 2 is minimum, and the therefore complete feature maintaining laser weld.
The source of welding current 1 is direct current or interchange or pulse or variable polarity power source; Laser beam 7 is Solid State Laser (optical-fiber laser, YAG laser and DISC laser) or semiconductor laser; Electric arc 9 is non-melt pole electrical arc (TIG electric arc or plasma arcs) or melt pole electrical arc (MIG or MAG); The angle that two electrode a5 and electrode b11 project to surface of the work is 0 ° ~ 360 °; Welding method can additional filler welding wire in addition.
Be single laser weld face of weld design sketch as shown in Figure 2 (a) shows, Fig. 2 (b) is for adopting welded seam surface effect figure of the present invention, Fig. 3 (a) is single laser weld seam cross-section design sketch, Fig. 3 (b) is for adopting welded seam cross section design sketch of the present invention, Fig. 4 (a) is single laser weld plumage brightness aspect graph, Fig. 4 (b) welds plumage brightness aspect graph for adopting the present invention, in the present embodiment, workpiece is the ingot iron that 10mm is thick, the laser instrument that experiment adopts is YLS-6000 optical fiber laser, and its wavelength is 1.07 μm; Welding arc is direct current TIG electric arc; Welding condition is: laser power 5000W, arc current 100A, speed of welding 3m/min; By comparison diagram 2(a) and Fig. 2 (b) be respectively single laser weld face of weld design sketch and adopt the face of weld design sketch that obtains of the present invention, adopt the present invention to carry out welding and significantly improve welding process stability, significantly reduce spatter, improve appearance of weld; The seam cross-section that Fig. 3 (b) obtains for adopting the present invention, under identical laser power and speed of welding situation, welding penetration is than single fiber laser weld, see that the fusion penetration of Fig. 3 (a) significantly improves, and molten wide not increase, visible, adopt the present invention can improve capacity usage ratio and the welding efficiency of laser, maintain the feature of laser weld simultaneously; The plumage brightness form that Fig. 4 (a) produces when being depicted as optical-fiber laser welding; Under the effect of electric arc, the plumage brightness above electric arc significantly weakens, and embodies the action effect of electric arc to plumage brightness, as shown in Figure 4 (b); The present invention is adopted to utilize the interaction of electric arc and induced with laser plumage brightness, greatly weaken plumage brightness to the impact of incident laser, thus improve capacity usage ratio and the welding efficiency of laser, stabilized welding process, improve appearance of weld, fully maintain the feature of laser weld simultaneously.
Claims (2)
1. laser-side-arcing complex welding method, it is characterized in that: composite welding apparatus comprises the source of welding current (1), electrode a (5), nozzle a (6), laser beam (7), focus lamp (8), electrode b (11) and nozzle b (12), wherein workpiece (2) is welding object, and deeply molten aperture (3), welding pool (4), electric arc (9), plumage brightness (10) and weld seam (13) are formed in welding process; During welding, laser beam (7) acts on workpiece (2), and electric arc (9) is relative fixing with the position of laser beam (7); The two poles of the earth of the source of welding current (1) are connected with electrode b (11) with electrode a (5), electric arc (9) is formed between electrode a (5) and electrode b (11), is positioned at above laser beam (7) welding region; In welding process, the energy of laser realizes penetration fustion welding formation weld seam (13) for melting workpiece (2); Electric arc (9) does not directly act on workpiece (2).
2. a kind of laser-side-arcing complex welding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the source of welding current (1) is direct current or interchange or pulse or variable polarity power source; Laser beam (7) is Solid State Laser or semiconductor laser; Electric arc (9) is non-melt pole electrical arc or melt pole electrical arc; The other additional filler welding wire of welding method.
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| CN201310559656.2A CN103612018B (en) | 2013-11-12 | 2013-11-12 | A kind of laser-side-arcing complex welding method |
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| CN103612018B true CN103612018B (en) | 2015-11-18 |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105945430B (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2017-07-07 | 重庆理工大学 | A kind of low power laser high-efficiency welding method based on micro-beam plasma arc induction |
| CN106141437A (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2016-11-23 | 广东省焊接技术研究所（广东省中乌研究院） | A kind of laser and double plasma arc composite welding apparatus |
| CN110238527B (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2020-11-10 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Multifunctional laser welding method and equipment |
| CN110587137B (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2021-02-12 | 广东省科学院中乌焊接研究所 | Composite welding method for aluminum alloy and welded joint |
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| JP2003200283A (en) * | 2001-12-27 | 2003-07-15 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Method and equipment of composite welding of yag laser and arc |
| CN1526507A (en) * | 2003-09-20 | 2004-09-08 | 大连理工大学 | Magnesium alloy laser-TIG welding process |
| JP2010064095A (en) * | 2008-09-10 | 2010-03-25 | Panasonic Corp | Composite welding method |
| JP2011098371A (en) * | 2009-11-05 | 2011-05-19 | Ihi Corp | Laser arc hybrid welding method |
| WO2011111634A1 (en) * | 2010-03-08 | 2011-09-15 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Laser/arc hybrid welding method and method of producing welded member using same |
| JP5219959B2 (en) * | 2009-08-11 | 2013-06-26 | 三菱電機株式会社 | T-joint welding method and apparatus |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| FR2829414B1 (en) * | 2001-09-13 | 2003-10-31 | Air Liquide | HYBRID LASER-ARC WELDING PROCESS WITH GAS FLOW ADJUSTMENT |
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2003200283A (en) * | 2001-12-27 | 2003-07-15 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Method and equipment of composite welding of yag laser and arc |
| CN1526507A (en) * | 2003-09-20 | 2004-09-08 | 大连理工大学 | Magnesium alloy laser-TIG welding process |
| JP2010064095A (en) * | 2008-09-10 | 2010-03-25 | Panasonic Corp | Composite welding method |
| JP5219959B2 (en) * | 2009-08-11 | 2013-06-26 | 三菱電機株式会社 | T-joint welding method and apparatus |
| JP2011098371A (en) * | 2009-11-05 | 2011-05-19 | Ihi Corp | Laser arc hybrid welding method |
| WO2011111634A1 (en) * | 2010-03-08 | 2011-09-15 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Laser/arc hybrid welding method and method of producing welded member using same |
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