Background technology
Peanut is the important economic crops of northern China, is also main oil crop, and China's cultivated area is large, and approximately 5,000,000 hectares, gross yield is at 1,400 ten thousand tons, and 40%th, 16 century that accounts for Peanut gross yield is imported China into, and cultivation history is long.
At present peanut seeding is realized mechanization substantially, but harvesting peanut is substantially still main, and labour intensity is large, and percent of loss is high, and efficiency is low, existing mechanical harvest function singleness, and complex structure, can not integration of operation, also needs human assistance operation.
In production, harvesting peanut is mainly manual type, with hoe plane, manually picks up and trembles native Softening, and another kind of mechanical harvest, plows peanut is routed up from soil with machinery, trembles native Softening manually picking up.
Existing domestic and international mechanical harvest, does not have complete mechanical yet, semi-mechanization operation, and efficiency is low, and volume is large, and complex structure is expensive, is not suitable with domestic planting patterns.
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of can overcome existing above-mentioned harvesting peanut time production efficiency low, harvesting peanut is realized overall process mechanization, simple in structure, function is strong, strong adaptability, reduces artificial results cost, reduces labor intensity.
Operation principle: the connecting rod eccentric setting on driving wheel is to utilize slider-crank mechanism to realize the reciprocating motion of soil-clap plate and picking comb, reaches and removes the peanut that peanut adheres to earth and plucks plant root.
Its technical scheme is.
Comprise tractor, nearside divider, clamping conveying mechanism, digger blade, reciprocal soil body, picking mechanism, conveyer and collecting box, collecting box is arranged on tractor chassis, clamping conveying mechanism, digger blade, reciprocal soil body, picking mechanism and conveyer and frame are fixedly connected successively, during field harvest operation, tractor-drawn frame is advanced, nearside divider is crawled growth and the plant righting of overgrowing is held up directly, transmission of power is given clamping conveying mechanism, in the time of clamping conveying mechanism clamping peanut, digger blade synchronously shovels out peanut in soil, the peanut plant of clamping is with the motion of clamping conveying mechanism, back and forth soil body is patted the soil block sticking on peanut plant root by reciprocating motion, the peanut plant of clamping continues motion with clamping conveying mechanism, the picking comb that picking mechanism is provided with departs from the peanut on plant root and plant, peanut falls into conveyer and enters collecting box through conveyer belt, peanut plant is with the motion of clamping conveying mechanism, continue motion with tractor direction of advance rightabout, arrive clamping conveying mechanism end, peanut plant falls into collector.
Described one cultivates peanut excavates and claps native harvester, clamping conveying mechanism is by support, belt, regulating wheel and entrust hold down gag and form, regulating wheel is positioned at support two ends, belt is wrapped on the periphery of regulating wheel, under the drive of power, regulating wheel rotating belt is servo-actuated, entrusting hold down gag is fixed on support, by contact roller, spring, entrusting plate and support bar forms, clockwise direction of regulating wheel rotates, another counterclockwise rotates, belt rotation direction is contrary with tractor direction of advance, clamping conveying mechanism is in bracket height position-adjustable, with the angle of horizontal plane be 10~20 degree.
Described one cultivates peanut excavates and claps native harvester, and back and forth soil body is comprised of eccentric drive wheel, regulating connecting rod, longitudinal rod, lifting connecting rod and soil-clap plate.
Described one cultivates peanut excavates and claps native harvester, picking mechanism is comprised of driving wheel, driving rod, swing arm, picking comb and pivoted lever, picking mechanism is arranged on clamping conveying mechanism both sides, picking comb is obliquely installed, and between the angle 45~75 of horizontal plane degree, press close to large race portion, the broach of picking comb is provided with flexible silicon gum cover pipe.
Described one cultivates peanut excavates and claps native harvester, it is characterized in that: nearside divider is bell mouth shape setting.
Described one cultivates peanut excavates and claps native harvester, and conveyer is provided with blower fan and circular sieve, by selection by winnowing and mechanical oscillation, removes impurity.
Compared with prior art, tool has the following advantages in the present invention.
1, harvester for peanut is simple in structure, and function is strong, once can complete whole manual work, clamps, excavates, trembles soil, comb is plucked, cleaned and the integration of operation function such as collection.
2, according to the clip position of harvesting crops, clamping conveying mechanism highland position-adjustable in frame, the angle of clamping conveying mechanism and horizontal plane is 10~20 degree, makes to clamp conveying mechanism low early and high after, built on stilts certain altitude is convenient to clap soil and plucks.
3, picking mechanism is arranged on the both sides that are positioned at clamping conveying mechanism in frame, utilizes slider-crank mechanism to realize the reciprocating motion of picking comb, and the peanut of plant root growth is realized to mechanical picking.
4, the broach of picking comb is less than the size of the peanut pod of peanut, and 2 times of the frequencies of picking comb, to the speed of belt, are plucked through peanut plant at least twice comb of picking comb, do not leak and pluck, and picking comb angle is adjustable, guarantees that comb plucks effect.
5, nearside divider is bell mouth shape setting, and half that nearside divider height is peanut is wedge-like structure.
6, the power of clamping conveying mechanism, reciprocal soil body and picking mechanism provides by the power take-off of tractor.
Accompanying drawing explanation.
Fig. 1 is the main TV structure schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the clamping conveying mechanism structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the reciprocal soil body structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the picking mechanism structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the nearside divider structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention.
wherein:in figure 1, tractor 2, clamping conveying mechanism 3, digger blade 4, reciprocal soil body 5, picking mechanism 6, conveyer 7, collecting box 8, frame 9, regulating wheel 10, belt 11, entrust hold down gag 12, support 13, spring 14, contact roller 15, support bar 16, entrust plate 17, eccentric drive wheel 18, regulating connecting rod 19, longitudinal rod 20, promote connecting rod 21, soil-clap plate 22, driving wheel, 23, driving rod 24, swing arm 25, picking comb 26, pivoted lever 27, nearside divider.
Embodiment.
At the embodiment shown in 1~5, peanut excavates claps native harvester, comprise tractor 1, nearside divider 27, clamping conveying mechanism 2, digger blade 3, reciprocal soil body 4, picking mechanism 5, conveyer 6 and collecting box 7 form, collecting box 7 is arranged on tractor 1 chassis, clamping conveying mechanism 2, digger blade 3, reciprocal soil body 4, picking mechanism 5 and conveyer 6 are fixedly connected successively with frame 8, clamping conveying mechanism 2 is by support 12, belt 10, regulating wheel 9 and entrust hold down gag 11 and form, regulating wheel 9 is positioned at support 12 two ends, belt 10 is wrapped on the periphery of regulating wheel 9, under the drive of power, regulating wheel 9 rotating belts 10 are servo-actuated, entrusting hold down gag 11 is fixed on support 12, by contact roller 14, spring 13, entrust plate 16 and support bar 15 compositions, 9 one clockwise directions of regulating wheel rotate, another counterclockwise rotates, belt 10 rotation directions are contrary with tractor 1 direction of advance, clamping conveying mechanism 2 is adjustable at frame 8 height and positions, with the angle of horizontal plane be 20 degree settings, back and forth soil body 4 is by eccentric drive wheel 17, regulating connecting rod 18, longitudinal rod 19, promote connecting rod 20 and soil-clap plate 21 compositions, picking mechanism 5 is by driving wheel 22, driving rod 23, swing arm 24, picking comb 25 and pivoted lever 26 form, picking mechanism 5 is arranged on clamping conveying mechanism 2 both sides, picking comb 25 is obliquely installed, and press close to peanut root between angle 75 degree of horizontal plane, the broach of picking comb 25 is provided with flexible silicon gum cover pipe, during field harvest operation, tractor 1 traction frame is advanced, nearside divider 27 is crawled growth and the plant righting of overgrowing is held up directly, nearside divider 27 is bell mouth shape setting, nearside divider height is half of peanut, for wedge-like structure, tractor 1 transmission of power is given clamping conveying mechanism 2, when the belt 10 that clamping conveying mechanism 2 arranges clamps peanut, digger blade 3 synchronously shovels out peanut in soil, the peanut of clamping is with 2 motions of clamping conveying mechanism, back and forth soil body 4 is patted the soil block sticking on peanut root by reciprocating motion, the peanut of clamping continues motion with clamping conveying mechanism 2, the picking comb 25 that picking mechanism 5 is provided with departs from the peanut on plant root and plant, conveyer 6 is provided with blower fan and round-hole mesh, by selection by winnowing and mechanical oscillation, remove the impurity in peanut, peanut falls into conveyer 6 and enters collecting box 7 through conveyer belt, peanut plant is with 2 motions of clamping conveying mechanism, advance and continue motion in the other direction with tractor 1, arrive clamping conveying mechanism 2 ends, plant falls into collector, complete the clamping of a peanut plant, excavate, clap soil, pluck results overall process, along with tractor 1 advances, other peanut plants successively complete above-mentioned action, efficiency of crop is high.
The above; it is only preferred embodiment of the present invention; not the present invention to be done to the restriction of other form; any those skilled in the art may utilize the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement to be changed or be modified as the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations; every technical solution of the present invention content that do not depart from; any simple modification, equivalent variations and the remodeling above embodiment done according to the technical spirit of type of the present invention, still belong to the protection domain of type technical scheme of the present invention.