CN103608449A - Underground reactor system - Google Patents
Underground reactor system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103608449A CN103608449A CN201280028299.0A CN201280028299A CN103608449A CN 103608449 A CN103608449 A CN 103608449A CN 201280028299 A CN201280028299 A CN 201280028299A CN 103608449 A CN103608449 A CN 103608449A
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- heat
- reactor
- conduit
- subsurface
- reactor according
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Abstract
An underground reactor for creating hydrocarbons and chemicals from organic material preferably includes a heat recovery device. Some embodiments of the present invention include at least one tube that injects biomass underground and at least one second tube that collects reacted biomass on the surface. Further tubes are also disclosed for the ability to control temperature and pressure and collect minerals and carbon dioxide. Methods for utilizing the reactor are additionally provided. Further embodiments include methods of using the reactor such as, for example, methods of creating fuel from algae and methods of using the minerals and carbon dioxide as food for an algae farm that will be used as biomass for the reactor.
Description
Contriver: IGLESIAS, Brandon, United States citizen, 2721St.Charles Ave.2B, New Orleans, Louisiana, 70130, US.
Transferee: THE ADMINISTRATORS OF THE TULANE EDUCATIONAL FUND, Louisiana ，US， non-profit company, address: 6823St.Charles Ave., Suite300, Gibson Hall, New Orleans, LA70118, US.
Related application
At this, require the U.S. Provisional Patent Application the 61/481st of submitting on May 3rd, 2011, the U.S. Provisional Patent Application the 61/602nd that No. 918 and on February 24th, 2012 submit to, the right of priority of No. 841, these two pieces of temporary patent applications are incorporated to herein accordingly by reference.
The statement of the research of subsidizing about federal government
Inapplicable
CD is submitted to
Inapplicable
Background
Along with the continuous increase of world population, must support more population by more continuable Energy processes.In order to extract oil from ground with pump, all parts of the world has been drilled many oil wells, once these oil wells are dry, just goes out of use.
Meanwhile, biofuel has been gone on a completely independently development track, and wherein biomass are principal focal points to the conversion of alcohol-group fuel.
Due to the oil embargo of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, OPEC), since algae in 1978 and diatom, be studied much and develop.At 1978 front Jack Myers and Bessel Kok, published works Algal Culture " From Laboratory to Pilot Plant ", and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT) has been carried out greatly a large amount of cultivation projects on roof (rooftop) about nineteen fifty.When fuel development office of Ministry of Energy (DOE) (Department of Energy's (DOE) Office of Fuels Development) subsidizes national rechargeable energy laboratory (National Renewable Energy Laboratory, NREL) former water biological species plan (Aquatic Species Program, ASP) 16 years to define and to determine that when algae is changed into the commercial viability of energy, research increases.1998ASP final report confirms that green alga and diatom are the plants of primitive form, thereby the most effective in cell fission and growth because they can be as terrestrial plant in the basic structure such as root, stem, leaf consumed energy.The conclusion that ASP draws is that, due to the original nature of micro-algae, the oil yield of estimating the per unit area soil of micro-algae is 30 times of Lu Sheng oilseed crops.Yet the focus of ASP report is being prepared biofuel from algae lipid, and not on synthetic crude.
1998ASP final report has been emphasized to maintain the key issue in the unlimited algae pond that consistent high algae bio matter growth velocity causes because weather and uncontrollable temperature variation in season cause incompetence.
In addition, it is pointed out, does not use the alternative algae industrial-scale production of opening wide the design of algae pond almost there is no prospect.
Further, owing to maintaining the difficulty of high yield organism, therefore recommend the analysis of algae production cost.According to nutraceutical availability, light intensity, temperature and CO
2determine algae bio matter productivity.The impact of light, nutrition and temperature is the property taken advantage of (multiplicative).
Completed the calculating of indicating the required temperature and pressure that reacts.Along with reducing of relative permittivity, water is is mostly effects of playing solvent, and this part reduces owing to polarity.Use Arrhenius equation, calculated for variable temp and constant pressure, or the dissociation constant of water of variable pressure and steady temperature.
Thermal spalling (thermal spallation) is the process of quite high heat flux that applies to hard rock.In this area of using superthermal fluid to dissolve rock, be called in the process of peeling off, stress causes surface particles to depart from from rock fast.
With way of reference, be incorporated to below with reference to document herein:
United States Patent (USP) the 4th, 003, No. 393 (it discloses soluble pipeline cleaner).
US4,467,861、AU2011200090(Al)、US2011/092726、WO2009149519A1、US3,955,317、US5,958,761、FR2564855、EP1923460、EP1382576、US2005/064577、DE102006045872、US2004/033557、US2007/295505、US6,468,429、WO2011086358、GB2473865、DE102006045872、US2004/0033557、US2007/0295505、US4,937,052、US4,272,383、US7,866,385、US7,977,282。
Scott C.James and Varun Boriah, Modeling Algae Growth in an Open-Channel Raceway.
Uri?Kaplan，Advanced?Organic?Rankine?Cycles?in?Binary?Geothermal?Power?Plants，World?Energy?Council,2007。
Yuanhui Zhang, Hydrothermal Liquifaction to Convert Biomass into Crude Oil, the 10th chapter, Biofuels from Agricultural Wastes and Byproducts, 2010.
The people such as Yukihiko Matsumara, Biomass gasification in near-and super-critical water:Status and Prospects, Biomass and Bioenergy, 2005.
Uri?Kaplan，Organic?Rankine?Cycle?Configurations，Proceedings?European?Geothermal?Congress，2007。
Nadav?Amir，Utilizing?Organic?Rankine?Cycle?Turbine?Systems?to?Efficiently?Drive?Field?Injection?Pumps，GRC2007Annual?Meeting,2007。
ASME Steam Tables.Thermodynamic and Transport Properties of Steam, The1967IFC formulation for industrial use. the 6th edition, ASME, 1993.
Benjamin, Chemistry M.2002.Water, the 1st edition, New York:McGraw Hill.
Aqueous?Systems?at?Elevated?Temperatures?and?Pressures:Physical?Chemistry?in?Water,Steam?and?Hydrothermal?Solutions，International?Association?for?the?Properties?of?Water?and?Steam，2004。
Piezoelectricity:History?and?New?Thrusts,Ultrasonics?Symposium，1996。
Adiabatic?Processes?
http://hvperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/the rmo/adiab.html，Georgia?State?University。
Brief summary of the invention
Embodiments more of the present invention comprise and via temperature and pressure, renewable oils feed are converted into underground water-ground thermal reactor of fuel.The embodiment of reactor can utilize produced coke and flue gas (off gas) to produce electricity and hot, and the water of the carbonic acid gas that utilization produces and hot rich in mineral substances promotes biomass growth.
Some embodiments are used algae as biomass.Other embodiments have unlimited algae pond near the reactor for feed.Some embodiments are by being used heat energy utilization indirectly to flow out water extraction for the temperature of algae raceway pond is controlled.Further embodiment allows the recycle stream of reactor to provide nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, carbonic acid gas in unlimited algae pond, and the temperature raising.The present invention includes to be used in from organic materials and manufacture the subsurface reactor the fuel making process of fuel, described reactor comprises organic materials is injected to the first underground pipe; Second of organic materials the pipe after the reaction that collection is produced by subsurface reactor; Extraction is ready to use in the heat exchanger that the heat of power is provided to the equipment using in fuel making process.
Preferably, thus the present invention further comprises that in the future the heat of automatic heat-exchanger changes into energy provides the organic Rankine circulation of power to the equipment using in fuel making process.
Preferably, the equipment using in fuel making process is directly driven by the equipment that extracts energy from heat exchanger.
Preferably, this equipment comprises pump.
Preferably, temperature required thereby this pump makes heat exchange fluid circulation that reaction zone is maintained.
The present invention includes to be used in from organic materials and manufacture the subsurface reactor the fuel making process of fuel, described reactor comprises organic materials is injected to the first underground pipe; Second of organic materials the pipe after the reaction that collection is produced by subsurface reactor; Thereby and heat exchange fluid is circulated in closed circuit make reaction zone maintain temperature required pump.
Preferably, the present invention further comprises for extracting and is ready to use in the heat exchanger that the equipment using to fuel making process provides the heat of power.
Preferably, thus the present invention further comprises that in the future the heat of automatic heat-exchanger changes into energy provides the organic Rankine circulation of power to the equipment using in fuel making process.
Preferably, this equipment comprises pump.
Preferably, the equipment using in fuel making process is directly driven by the equipment that extracts energy from heat exchanger.
Optionally, organic materials is biomass.
Preferably, biomass are algae.
Optionally, organic materials is polymkeric substance.
Optionally, organic materials is solid waste.
Optionally, organic materials reacts by liquefaction.
Optionally, organic materials reacts by thermal chemical reaction.
Optionally, organic materials reacts by water-heat process.
Preferably, the second pipe is in the first pipe.
Preferably, the bottom of the first pipe is closed, and the bottom of the second pipe is opened wide.
Preferably, the first pipe is dark at underground ratio the second pipe.
Preferably, the present invention further comprises the sleeve pipe of sealing the first pipe and the second pipe.
Optionally, sleeve pipe is at least equally dark with the first pipe.
Optionally, it is dark that sleeve pipe does not have the first pipe.
Preferably, the present invention further comprises the filter screen (screen) down to the degree of depth of the first pipe.
Preferably, sleeve pipe is thermal insulator.
Preferably, this thermal insulator is cement.
Preferably, the present invention further comprises that at least one heat-transfer matcrial can pass through the 3rd pipe of its pumping.
Preferably, heat-transfer matcrial is water.
Preferably, the present invention further comprises oil, gas, the water separator of the product effluent of separate reactor.
Optionally, separator on the ground.
Optionally, separator is at subsurface.
Optionally, a part for described product is stored.
Optionally, a part for described product is as the food that makes biomass growth.
Optionally, a part for described product is for generation of electricity.
Preferably, via heat exchange, produce electricity.
Optionally, at least the first pipe is crooked.
Optionally, at least the first pipe tilts.
Optionally, at least the first pipe bifurcated.
The present invention includes the method for carrying out high pressure, pyroreaction, it comprises and by the first conduit, organic materials is transported to undergroundly, thereby wherein apply enough pressure and temperatures to the organic materials in reaction zone, organic materials is converted into fuel, hydrocarbon or chemicals; By the second conduit, will in fuel, hydrocarbon or chemicals extracting, come; Thereby heat exchange fluid is circulated in closed circuit reaction zone is maintained temperature required.
Preferably, the present invention further comprises that using heat exchanger to extract is ready to use in the heat that power is provided to the equipment using in conversion process.
Preferably, the equipment using in fuel making process is directly driven by the equipment that extracts energy from heat exchanger.
Preferably, thus the present invention further comprise use organic Rankine circulation in the future the heat of automatic heat-exchanger change into energy and provide power to the equipment using in conversion process.
Preferably, this equipment comprises pump.
The present invention includes the method for carrying out high pressure, pyroreaction, it comprises: by the first conduit, organic materials is transported to undergroundly, thereby wherein apply enough pressure and temperatures to the organic materials in reaction zone, organic materials is converted into fuel, hydrocarbon or chemicals; By the second conduit, will in fuel, hydrocarbon or chemicals extracting, come; Regulate heat exchanger to be ready to use in for extracting the heat that the equipment using to conversion process provides power.
Preferably, thus the present invention further comprise heat exchange fluid is circulated in closed circuit reaction zone is maintained temperature required.
Preferably, thus the present invention further comprise use organic Rankine circulation in the future the heat of automatic heat-exchanger change into energy and provide power to the equipment using in conversion process.
Preferably, this equipment comprises pump.
Preferably, the equipment using in fuel making process is directly driven by the equipment that extracts energy from heat exchanger.
Preferably, can regulate pressure by increasing or reducing the tubular reactor degree of depth.
Preferably, the present invention further comprise heat-transfer matcrial is transported to underground.
Optionally, the present invention further comprises by regulating cycle rate to carry out the temperature of Heat Transfer Control material.
Optionally, the present invention further comprises the temperature of carrying out Heat Transfer Control material by the temperature raising or reduce organic materials.
Preferably, the present invention is further included in heat-transfer matcrial is transported to underground pressure break rock before.
Optionally, the present invention further comprises heat-transfer matcrial is transported to heat exchanger from underground.
Optionally, the present invention further comprises heat-transfer matcrial is transported to organic Rankine circulation from underground.
Preferably, the present invention further comprises product separation one-tenth oil, gas and group water solution.
Preferably, the present invention further comprises that transporting group water solution grows for biomass.
Optionally, the present invention further comprise combustion product gases product and by energy for dry heat exchanger.
Optionally, the present invention further comprise combustion product gases product and by energy for generation of electricity.
Optionally, the present invention further comprise combustion product gases product and by energy for generation of mechanical energy.
Optionally, the present invention further comprise combustion product gases product and by energy for generation of heat.
Preferably, the present invention further comprises that a part for the outflow product that transports the second pipe feeds biomass.
Preferably, biomass are algae.
Preferably, a part for described outflow product comprises carbonic acid gas.
Optionally, the feed that acts on still-process for a part for described product.
Optionally, the feed that acts on pyrolytic process for a part for described product.
Preferably, the present invention further comprises rock is peeled off.
Before present invention resides in shipment, bio oil/crude oil is carried out to post-treatment, make ReactWell be separated into light ends, overhead product cut and heavy ends.Stable by using underground ground heat density and ion isolation unit to realize oil, described underground ground heat density and ion isolation unit are used underground heat, by BADIRE and the piezoelectric bar bridge joint that produces volts lost due to the thermograde of underground separator column inside in separation of the fluid, drive density separation and ion isolation.Thereby this post is used Geothermal energy for heating and for ion isolation process.Use independent density separation not ' economical and effective ', because (current practice in yellow grease case is carried out slowlyer in winter in the restriction of time, and carry out comparatively fast in summer)-still, ion isolation is the sepn process for accelerating conventionally to be driven by the voltage applying also.Ion isolation post is used voltage difference separating polar/ionic mixture (learning this point when preparation biofuel).Reversible piezoelectric when the voltage that is applied in drives, produce temperature head (this is reversing process: be also used in component side be exposed to " Delta T " temperature head in time produce voltage difference):
Use liquid base metal, alkaline-earth metal, transition metal, other metals, water, salt solution and various other compounds as heat-transfer fluid
Use demineralization unit (Demineralization Unit, DMIN) to take out mineral substance be used for resaling (auxiliary income stream) via cooling or magnetic b field
By using work heat-transfer fluid that the process fluid in tubular reactor is separated with geothermal reservoir fluid.Object is in ips, to reduce pigging and keep in repair by geothermal fluid is limited in, thereby will minimize stoppage time.
Use such pipe cleaning objects as tube cleaner (petroleum industry term), it dissolves (due to water-heat process depolymerization) in being injected into tubular reactor time in oil and gas and returns to never original state, but scavenging duct I.D. and O.D.
Useful features more of the present invention comprise:
Incrustation scale (scale) on the heat transfer stream side that the friendly design of tube cleaner makes to contact with resident fluid (geothermal reservoir) is easily removed
A. the friendly design of tube cleaner is that heat-transfer fluid flows in the internal diameter (I.D.) of pipe with the key difference of previously design.Tube cleaner is worked the most efficiently when the maintenance I.D. of pipe rather than O.D..
Use demineralization unit (DMIN) to take out mineral substance be used for resaling (auxiliary income stream) via cooling or magnetic b field
Fin on heat-transfer pipe (fin) is passed to heat to be included in the working fluid in sleeve pipe and to serve as baffle plate and interrupt the eddy current that compounder systems (19) produces, and this forces transmission of heat by convection occurs in tubular reactor.Fin also can be positioned on tubular reactor.
Thereby mixing capsule pipe working fluid makes to occur in tubular reactor the mixing tank/blade/water screw of transmission of heat by convection;
Driving treats to be provided by ORC unit the wheel casing of the down-hole mixing tank of power;
Geothermal reservoir fluid and pipe O.D. Ge Li – can utilize extremely low stoppage time that incrustation scale is removed from I.D., because this structure does not need to remove pipe fitting (if not some months, being yet several weeks to overhaul stoppage time without making a trip with down-hole);
Use the transmission of heat by convection of the velocity of rotation of (a plurality of) mixing tank;
Bio oil is stable: bio oil processing in downstream will occur in top (topping) thereby in unit, isolate lighting end, overhead product and 6 heavier light wood material, it stands downstream oxygenate (oxygenate) and recovery of nutrient element procedure of processing subsequently, just leaves afterwards facility door and sends for refining or petroleum chemistry.By little top end unit and recovery of nutrient element are incorporated in ReactWell foundation structure, can adjust particularly the selected cutting (select cuts) of hydrocarbon, make its fluid catalytic cracker that is adapted to given refiner or petroleum chemistry complex body (FCC: " cat cracker (cat-crackers) ") and delayed coking unit, thereby optimize finished product ASTM specification, make valuable recovery of nutrient element in ReactWell facility reach maximum simultaneously.The key difference of the top end unit of ReactWell is that it separates (de-couple) by the use of fossil oil, thereby fossil oil is separated into selected lighting end, overhead product and heavy 6 oily tower bottom distillates.ReactWell is used underground heat ion isolation technology to complete oil content to heat up in a steamer, and the loop circuit heat pipe that this utilization underground heat drives utilizes latent heat capillary flow and piezoelectric to drive density separation, thereby produces voltage in response to the geotemperature gradient from hydraulic head and stress.Thereby, due to the temperature, wicking action, stress and the voltage gradient that produce and maintain by underground heat, wick material selection, piezoelectric selection and gravity, underground generation liquid phase separation.
In some cases, along with operatively descending the passing of the power lifetime of reactor assembly, because the perviousness being associated with incrustation scale and obstruction reduces, underground heat and associated gradients may be not enough to meet reactor condition.In addition, may under comparatively high temps, move tubular reactor.Thereby, by burning, (make to flow out CO
2be recycled to algae pond), tubulose reactor inlet is heated in advance in electric heater or Columnating type solar generating (CSP) and work heat-transfer fluid may be proved to be to postpone the pressure break again of reservoir and the effective solution of well stimulation (simulation).
The advantage of embodiment of the present invention comprises:
Use cleaning/pigging equipment except descale/dirt;
Use working heat replacement fluids isolation underground heat reservoir fluid, make it on tubular reactor, not produce dirt;
Use one (a plurality of) underground agitator forced convection heat transfer;
Use ground lower piezoelectric/hot particle that stress transmission is become to heat;
Use underground catalytic agent; And
Use underground steam wither (vapor collapse) produce latent heat.
Accompanying drawing summary
The following drawings forms the part of this specification sheets, and it is of the present invention aspect some in order further to represent listing in this object.By reference to the one or more figure in these figure, in conjunction with the description of specific embodiments provided herein, can understand better the present invention.
Fig. 1. thermal depolymerization tubular reactor exemplarily.
Fig. 2. exemplarily descend reactor assembly.
Fig. 3. exemplarily descend reactor fluid stream.
Fig. 4. exemplary water-underground heat reactor process schema.
Fig. 5. exemplary water-underground heat reactor process schema.
Fig. 6. hot tubular reactor exemplarily.
Fig. 7. hot tubular reactor exemplarily.
Fig. 8. hot tubular reactor exemplarily.
Fig. 9. hot tubular reactor exemplarily.
Figure 10. hot tubular reactor exemplarily.
Figure 11. hot tubular reactor exemplarily, wherein there is not pump circulation tube (pump-around tube), separately, and there is not sleeve pipe in entrance and exit.
Figure 12. the work heat transfer temperature curve in sleeve pipe.
Figure 13. the work heat transfer temperature standing in the sleeve pipe of forced convection distributes.
Figure 14. tubular reactor distributes.
Figure 15. the tubular reactor that stands forced convection distributes.
Figure 16. with the diagram of the thermally hot reservoir fluid of hot working fluid and reactor process fluid isolation.
Figure 17. there is the tubular reactor that geothermal reservoir fluid sleeve pipe injects.
Figure 18. there is the tubular reactor that outside underground heat reservoir fluid is injected.
Figure 19. there is the tubular reactor of the geothermal reservoir fluid of isolation.
Figure 20. there is the geothermal reservoir fluid of isolation and the tubular reactor of forced convection.
Figure 21. use the tubular reactor of pressing heat/electrochondria and catalyzer.
Figure 22. the tubular reactor of the gas injection of use and geothermal reservoir fluid isolation.
Figure 23. sleeve pipe, tubular reactor and thermally the CFD model of transfer pipes.
Calculation result. U.S. Provisional Patent Application the 61/602nd, after the figure in No. 841, appended form provides the calculation result of the feasibility of explanation embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Hot tubular reactor (hydrolysis, depolymerization, decarboxylation, and thermal destruction) exclusively
The existence of downhole temperature and pressure causes and maintained water-ground thermal response and thermal depolymerization, and it produces available Geothermal energy in soil.Basement rock temperature along with change in depth is used as to reference temperature motivating force.To carry out modeling to filling the tubulose depolymerizing reactor section of the water that does not stand pump circulation in sleeve pipe.
Water-ground thermal reactor
Table 1: interested depolymerization variable
The water that is loaded with algae from ground runway, unlimited pond or settler system is injected in closed circuit water-ground thermal reactor to down-hole.When down-hole surpasses atmosphere and envrionment temperature containing the pressure and temperature of the water of algae, thereby algae and other organic matters stand hydrolysis and part thermal destruction formation carbon, CO
2, flue gas, hydrocarbon and heat contain amino acid whose rich in mineral substances water.Tubular reactor is mainly positioned at sleeve pipe, and the outside that still can extend to sleeve pipe enters open end region.Sleeve pipe contains hot water, and this hot water is static or circulates by the pump recycle system, is under natural water pressure head or is stood and press from the ground of rock stratum, simultaneously and the anti-balance of ground power.Exemplary is shown in Figure 1.
In one embodiment, while arriving more depths along with pipe, thereby tubular reactor can crookedly allow biomass to approach larger thermally hot rock to obtain the surface-area increasing.
Ground source heat may be subject to or not be subject to pressing.
In some embodiments, the degree of depth of subsurface reactor can be in the scope of 33 feet-40,502 feet (10m-_12,345m).In some embodiments, tubular reactor outer tube can have 1 inch to the diameter of 100 feet (25mm to 30m), tubular reactor inner tube can have 1 inch to the diameter of 100 feet (25mm to 30m), and sleeve pipe can have 1 inch to the diameter of 100 feet (25mm to 30m).Some embodiment can have bending or tipping tube, so that the time in reactor is longer.Tipping tube can have a series of gradients, along with it moves to more depths and the level more that becomes gradually.When exploration is during oil gas, can use in the present invention exploitation and geothermal well, by be suitably adjusted at the tubing using in this type of place size so that its be engaged in wherein.For example, in length approximately 5, (1, in well 524+m), pipe diameter may be approximately 12 to 120 inches (30-305cm) to 000+ foot.
In some embodiments, may there is more than one tubular reactor.
In some embodiments, the required temperature of effecting reaction may be greater than 100 ℃, the highest 2,000 ℃, and the required pressure of effecting reaction may for 14.7psig (203kPa) to 40,000psig (275,892kPa).
According to the temperature and pressure scope in reactor, may there is heat of liquefaction chemistry or water-heat process in reactor within the scope of some time in the T in water and P:
100 ℃ to 374 ℃ (subcritical water) and 14.7psig (203kPa) to 30,000psig (206,944kPa)
374 ℃ to 500+ ℃ (supercritical water) and 14.7psig (203kPa) to 30,000psig (206,944kPa)
Some embodiments can be used the organic matter of any type under associated temperature and pressure condition, to manufacture a product in reactor.In certain embodiments, can in subsurface reactor, use polymkeric substance as organic matter for solvent (for example: water) reaction.
Some embodiments can be used organic chemicals, fuel or the hydrocarbon produced, and this depends on used organic matter.
In some embodiments, may there is exclusively heat pipe part (tubular), this exclusively heat pipe part there are a plurality of pipe fittings, it has the coiling tubing option of the forced convection heat transfer for increasing in one or more underground heat ore deposit.Flow out geothermal fluid stream and can flow into organic Rankine circulation (orc).Organic Rankine consists of vaporizer/preheater, and described vaporizer/preheater uses from the heat heating and the evaporation work organic fluid that flow out underground heat tubular pump circulating fluid.(for example: normal butane) fluid steam drives turbine, and can carry out forced draft cooling to gas turbine exhaust steam, warm air is for drying process, and water provides other warm through the cooling algae pond that is used to subsequently for work organic fluid.The work organic fluid of condensation then can recirculation returns vaporizer and is used for reheating.Turbine can be connected to injection pump and thereby generator produces electricity.
The embodiment with the circulation of tubulose terrestrial heat pump can be controlled the adjustable temperature of water-underground heat and depolymerizing reactor by regulating the number of pump circulating hot water flow velocity and coiling tubing insert to provide.The exemplary of this feature is shown in Figure 3.Some embodiments can be used any heat-transfer fluid to flow through reactor and adjust temperature.
In some embodiments, temperature of reactor can regulate in the following way: increase or reduce pump circulation velocity, increasing or reduce tubular reactor flow velocity, raise or reduce tubular reactor temperature in or rising or reduce the pump circulation temperature of reinjecting.
Table 2: terrestrial heat pump circulation key variables
If pump circulation is sent enough heats via forced convection, so in order to reach temperature required, the more shallow degree of depth may be enough for reactor.In the situation that not there is not tubular pump circulation, limited owing to conducting heat in tubular pump circulation, sleeve pipe and open end region, down-hole, therefore for given geothermal energy resources, may need darker drilling depth.
In some embodiments, pump circulation tube can have 1 inch to the diameter of 100 feet (25mm to 30m).
Some embodiments can be used heat exchanger to extract energy from hot heat-transfer fluid.The example of spendable heat exchanging apparatus comprises Rankine, Carnot, Stirling, Heat Regenerative Cyclone, thermoelectricity (Pa Er note-Seebeck (peltier-seebeck) effect), Mesoscopic, Barton, Stoddard, Scuderi, Bell Coleman and Brayton.In other embodiment, thereby incendivity flue gas product heats the heat-transfer fluid for heat exchanger.Heat-transfer fluid can be used for being dried, producing each side of electricity, reactor heating, or produces mechanical energy.
Other embodiment can be used organic Rankine circulation direct-driven pump that heat-transfer fluid is sent into the terrestrial heat pump recycle system, power is provided and produces electricity to the subsurface pump in tubular reactor.Further, when with by electricity or directly drive when the combination of the forced ventilation system of power is provided, the condensation section of organic Rankine circulation can be used to drying aid algae bio matter or other organic materialss.Further, the organic working fluids in condensation section can play the effect in warm algae pond.
The outflow water that contains mineral substance, amino acid and carbon of heat
The outflow product of tubular reactor can contain aseptic rich in mineral substances water, carbon and hydrocarbon/gaseous mixture.Depolymerization, hydrolysis, depickling and thermal degradation process cause forming hydrocarbon ils/gas/carbon/carbon dioxide mixture.Solid carbon and hydrocarbon are combined to form by underground depolymerization, hydrolysis, depickling and thermal destruction.Some embodiments can comprise the separated equipment of standard oil/water/gas body for separating of hydrocarbon and gas.
After separation, without the outflow water of the rich in mineral substances of oily hot tubular reactor, can turn back to algae field runway system or the other biological system of opening wide.In some embodiments, total hot water returns to volume and can be set as 1/3 of runway volume of water, makes 1/3 of runway water by every day, to be overturn and to process.
In some embodiments, separated gaseous mixture and carbonic acid gas can be burnt to produce electricity, heat and carbonic acid gas.Before or after algae pond or break tank (break tank) are got back in carbonic acid gas recirculation, it can be injected into down-hole in tubular reactor effluent and flow out in streams to assist pumping and to be injected into.
In some embodiments, the overall dimension of reactor is the function of effluent flow velocity, temperature, content of mineral substances, aminoacids content and the carbonization of water-underground heat depolymerizing reactor, depends on geothermal energy resources, the tubular reactor degree of depth, pump cycle rate and direction.
The environmental variance that affects reactor can comprise envrionment temperature, wind speed, cloud amount, vaporator rate, precipitation, relative humidity and barometric point.Critical process variable, except comprising algae pool size such as the degree of depth, width, length and internal circulating load (circulation), also comprises reactor effluent flow velocity and temperature.
Table 3: algae runway and process variable
Contain water, biomass, waste material and the polymkeric substance of algae at underground generation carbonic acid gas
During depickling step, underground, in pipe fitting, can produce carbonic acid gas there is water, heat, pressure, algae, biomass, waste material and polymkeric substance in the situation that.In some embodiments, carbonic acid gas can recirculation in this process.
The hydrolysis that underground heat drives and thermal destruction cause the water, biomass, waste material and the polymkeric substance that contain algae in underground generation hydrocarbon liquid/gas mixture
When water, biomass, waste water, waste material and polymkeric substance containing algae stand higher than environment (300+ ℉ (149+ ℃) and 300+psig (2 underground, during pressure and temperature 170+kPA)), thus this material by being hydrolyzed, depickling and degraded form the rich in mineral substances water of oil and gas and solid carbon, carbonic acid gas and heat.In some embodiments, separated oil/gas/water mixture then, water recycle is to algae pond, and oil and gas are transported to Downstream processing unit for the generation of electricity, heat, chemicals, transport fuel and coke.The exemplary process diagram of this process is shown shown in Figure 4 and 5.Coke produces and can occur via pyrolysis.
Table 4: water-ground thermal reactor material stream
The benefit of existing industrial plants and algal culture is comprised renewable oils production, trade effluent consumption and uses CO
2with the hot water of rich in mineral substances, the growth property taken advantage of of large-scale algae field is strengthened.
Table 5:ReactWell PFD
The body temperature that Figure 12 has drawn closed circuit work heat-transfer fluid in sleeve pipe distributes.Heat transfer occurs by conduction, natural convection and radiative transfer.Work heat-transfer fluid (referring to Figure 19-3) in sleeve pipe is plotted in Figure 13.
The body temperature that Figure 13 has drawn closed circuit work heat-transfer fluid in sleeve pipe distributes.Heat transfer occurs by conduction, natural convection and radiative transfer.Work heat-transfer fluid (referring to Figure 20-3) in sleeve pipe is plotted in Figure 13.
Figure 14 has drawn the annularly flow space of tubular reactor in the situation that not there is not forced convection and the tubular reactor temperature distribution that pipe core returns to closed circuit process fluid in road (return).Tubular reactor (referring to Figure 19-19) is immersed in work heat-transfer fluid (referring to Figure 19-3).Technological reaction thing enters reactor (referring to Figure 19-15), and this also illustrates in the bottom left hand district of this figure.Process fluid, by under annular space (referring to Figure 19-4) inflow place, then returns by pipe core (referring to Figure 19-5).Can be by regulating following a few person to regulate temperature of reactor to distribute: the temperature and the flow velocity (Figure 19-14) that inject material stream, demineralization flow velocity (Figure 19-13), organic Rankine circulation velocity (Figure 19-16), concentration and the distribution of piezoelectric particles in work heat-transfer fluid (referring to Figure 22-21) or tubular reactor (referring to Figure 22-22), enter concentration and the distribution (referring to Figure 22-23) of the catalyzer in tubular reactor, enter the gas flow rate (referring to Figure 22-15) in tubular reactor source line, the flow velocity (Figure 19-15) of the temperature in of process fluid (Figure 19-15) and process fluid.
Figure 15 has drawn the annularly flow space of tubular reactor in the situation that there is forced convection and the tubular reactor temperature distribution that pipe core returns to closed circuit process fluid in road.Tubular reactor (referring to Figure 19-19) is immersed in work heat-transfer fluid (referring to Figure 19-3).Technological reaction thing enters reactor (referring to Figure 19-15), and this also illustrates in the bottom left hand district of this figure.Process fluid, by under annular space (referring to Figure 19-4) inflow place, then returns by pipe core (referring to Figure 19-5).Can be by regulating following a few person to regulate temperature of reactor to distribute: the temperature and the flow velocity (Figure 19-14) that inject material stream, demineralization flow velocity (Figure 19-13), organic Rankine circulation velocity (Figure 19-16), concentration and the distribution of piezoelectric particles in work heat-transfer fluid (referring to Figure 22-21) or tubular reactor (referring to Figure 22-22), enter concentration and the distribution (referring to Figure 22-23) of the catalyzer in tubular reactor, enter the gas flow rate (referring to Figure 22-15) in tubular reactor source line, the temperature in of process fluid (Figure 19-15), the flow velocity of process fluid (Figure 19-15) and mixing tank rod velocity of rotation (Figure 22-18.b) and mixing tank rod impeller, water screw or blade surface geometry shape (Figure 22-18b).
Figure 16 lists for by the incrustation scale of geothermal reservoir fluid, corrosion with store up and be limited in thermally heat transfer mechanism and the fluid of the internal diameter of transfer pipes (referring to Figure 19-7).By the object of hot reservoir fluid thermally (injection or be pre-existing in) and tubular reactor isolation, be, by providing, the pigging of bore is reduced to maintenance stoppage time.Pigging is such process, in this process, with plastics/rubber object of friction edges/cutting knife (cutter), be passed the pressure-driven of pipe, thereby conventionally the restriction heat transfer in bore and mobile incrustation scale and other the oxide compound/sediments of fluid washed.If can not carry out pigging, will have to so to dismantle whole tubular reactor and remove descale.Thereby, by underground heat working fluid being isolated in pipe and using work heat-transfer fluid (water, salt solution, mercury etc.) that heat is delivered to tubular reactor from the geothermal fluid of isolation, what by remarkable minimizing maintenance stoppage time and cost, complete subsurface reactor can line operate.
Figure 17 lists injection and the reactor structure being contained in sleeve pipe.The excellent equipment (Figure 17-4) of continuously stirring maintains the high-speed flow velocity along tubular reactor external diameter, thereby by the surface in continuous-cleaning transmission of heat by convection and auxiliary means (aids) and incrustation scale and dirt are minimized.Geothermal reservoir fluid is injected to (Figure 17-3), it flows into down-hole, enter in reservoir (Figure 17-9), flow through the rock (Figure 17-10) of pressure break and by return tube (Figure 17-8), flow to organic Rankine unit (Figure 17-2), described organic Rankine unit direct-driven pump and auxiliary equipment.Geothermal reservoir fluid directly contacts the external diameter of tubular reactor, and can draw back via (Figure 17-5 and 17-2) material stream, for the mineral substance by demineralization unit (DMIN), reclaims.Bottom temperature may surpass 200 ℃ and pressure surpass 500psig (3,549kPa).
Figure 18 lists the structure that is contained in the reactor in sleeve pipe with outer filling tube line.The excellent equipment (Figure 18-5) of continuously stirring maintains the high-speed flow velocity along tubular reactor external diameter, thereby by the surface in continuous-cleaning transmission of heat by convection and auxiliary means and incrustation scale and dirt are minimized.Geothermal reservoir fluid is injected to (Figure 18-14), it flows into down-hole, enter in reservoir (Figure 18-10), flow through the rock (Figure 18-9) of pressure break and by return tube (Figure 18-11), flow to organic Rankine unit (Figure 18-16), described organic Rankine unit direct-driven pump and auxiliary equipment.Geothermal reservoir fluid directly contacts the external diameter of tubular reactor, and can draw back via (Figure 18-15 and 18-16) material stream, for the mineral substance by demineralization unit (DMIN), reclaims.Bottom temperature may surpass 200 ℃ and pressure surpass 500psig (3,549kPa).
Figure 19 lists the structure that is contained in the reactor in sleeve pipe, it has outer filling tube line (Figure 19-14), be contained in sleeve pipe/at inner geothermal reservoir fluid isolation and heat transfer pipeline (Figure 19-13), be contained in sleeve pipe/and in inner tubular reactor (Figure 19-19), and outside underground heat reservoir fluid return line (Figure 19-16).Geothermal reservoir fluid is injected to (Figure 19-14), it flows into down-hole, enter reservoir (Figure 19-10), flow through the rock (Figure 19-9) of pressure break and by return tube (Figure 19-11), flow to organic Rankine unit (Figure 19-16), described organic Rankine unit direct-driven pump and auxiliary equipment.Geothermal reservoir fluid does not directly contact the external diameter of tubular reactor, but be isolated in the internal diameter of the several hot heat-transfer pipes that turn back to earth's surface, to draw back via (Figure 19-13 and 19-16) material stream, for the mineral substance by demineralization unit (DMIN), reclaim.Key difference between Figure 19 and previous Figure 17 and 18 be use hot heat-transfer pipe (Figure 19-7) thus thermally on hot reservoir fluid and reactor isolation prevention reactor wall, produce incrustation scale/dirt.(Figure 19-7) main attainable benefit is to make to be easy to be removed descale and increased by keep in repair/pigging of internal diameter to conduct heat.Work heat-transfer fluid (Figure 19-3) is delivered to heat in tubular reactor by wetting tubular reactor and hot heat transfer geothermal tube.Bottom temperature may surpass 200 ℃ and pressure surpass 500psig (3,549kPa).
Figure 20 lists the structure that is contained in the reactor in sleeve pipe, it has outer filling tube line (Figure 20-14), be contained in sleeve pipe/at inner geothermal reservoir fluid isolation and heat transfer pipeline (Figure 20-13), be contained in sleeve pipe/and in inner tubular reactor (Figure 20-19), and outside underground heat reservoir fluid return line (Figure 20-16).Geothermal reservoir fluid is injected to (Figure 20-14), it flows into down-hole, enter reservoir (Figure 20-10), flow through the rock (Figure 20-9) of pressure break and by return tube (Figure 20-11), flow to organic Rankine unit (Figure 20-16), described organic Rankine unit direct-driven pump and auxiliary equipment.Geothermal reservoir fluid does not directly contact the external diameter of tubular reactor, but be isolated in the internal diameter of the several hot heat-transfer pipes that turn back to earth's surface, to draw back via (Figure 20-13 and 20-16) material stream, for the mineral substance by demineralization unit (DMIN), reclaim.Figure 20 and previous Figure 17 and 18 key difference be use hot heat-transfer pipe (Figure 20-7) thus thermally on hot reservoir fluid and reactor isolation prevention reactor wall, produce incrustation scale/dirt.The main attainable benefit of (Figure 20-7) is to make to be easy to be removed descale and increased by keep in repair/pigging of internal diameter to conduct heat.Work heat-transfer fluid (Figure 20-3) is delivered to heat in tubular reactor by wetting tubular reactor and hot heat transfer geothermal tube.Thereby second key difference between Figure 20 and Figure 19 is to use to be provided in the rod that down-hole forced convection increases the continuously stirring of rate of heat transfer.Bottom temperature may surpass 200 ℃ and pressure surpass 500psig (3,549kPa).
Figure 21 lists the structure that is contained in the reactor in sleeve pipe, it has outer filling tube line (Figure 21-14), be contained in sleeve pipe/at inner geothermal reservoir fluid isolation and heat transfer pipeline (Figure 21-13), be contained in sleeve pipe/and in inner tubular reactor (Figure 21-19), and outside underground heat reservoir fluid return line (Figure 21-16).Geothermal reservoir fluid is injected to (Figure 21-14), it flows into down-hole, enter reservoir (Figure 21-10), flow through the rock (Figure 21-9) of pressure break and by return tube (Figure 21-11), flow to organic Rankine unit (Figure 21-16), described organic Rankine unit direct-driven pump and auxiliary equipment.Geothermal reservoir fluid does not directly contact the external diameter of tubular reactor, but be isolated in the internal diameter of the several hot heat-transfer pipes that turn back to earth's surface, to draw back via (Figure 21-13 and 21-16) material stream, for the mineral substance by demineralization unit (DMIN), reclaim.Figure 21 and the key difference of previous Figure 20 are that the stress conversion that uses piezoelectric particles that the gravity by acting on the down-hole post of circulating heat transfer fluid is produced becomes electric current and heat.In addition, catalyzer can be at tubular reactor internal recycle together with piezoelectric particles.Bottom temperature may surpass 200 ℃ and pressure surpass 500psig (3,549kPa).
Figure 22 lists the structure that is contained in the reactor in sleeve pipe, it has outer filling tube line (Figure 22-14), be contained in sleeve pipe/at inner geothermal reservoir fluid isolation and heat transfer pipeline (Figure 22-13), be contained in sleeve pipe/and in inner tubular reactor (Figure 22-19), and outside underground heat reservoir fluid return line (Figure 22-16).Geothermal reservoir fluid is injected to (Figure 22-14), it flows into down-hole, enter reservoir (Figure 22-10), flow through the rock (Figure 22-9) of pressure break and by return tube (Figure 22-11), flow to organic Rankine unit (Figure 22-16), described organic Rankine unit direct-driven pump and auxiliary equipment.Geothermal reservoir fluid does not directly contact the external diameter of tubular reactor, but be isolated in the internal diameter of the several hot heat-transfer pipes that turn back to earth's surface, to draw back via (Figure 22-13 and 22-16) material stream, for the mineral substance by demineralization unit (DMIN), reclaim.Key difference between Figure 22 and previous Figure 21 is to use through adiabatic compression and in the tubular reactor with geothermal reservoir isolation and work heat-transfer fluid, discharge the gas of latent heat.Bottom temperature may surpass 200 ℃ and pressure surpass 500psig (3,549kPa).
Figure 23 has emphasized one or more tubular reactors and the thermally use of heat pipe in cement sleeve pipe.The sleeve pipe that is importantly noted that complete cement serves as fabulous thermal insulator because reducing thermosteresis.
(a plurality of) hot heat-transfer pipe shown in Figure 22-7 can carry out pigging with the lysotype tube cleaner that never returns to original state.Plastics/rubber will be in heat pipe part depolymerization and As time goes on dissolve tube cleaner.Thereby, once being injected into ReactWell, tube cleaner thermally in heat pipe, just never returns to original state, because it is because high temperature and high pressure dissolves.
Embodiment
This paper describes that embodiment and using method are as for instructing those skilled in the art to use in any suitable manner basis of the present invention.These embodiment disclosed herein can not be interpreted as restrictive.
An embodiment of test macro can comprise the reactor of desk-top scale form, and this reactor consists of larger-diameter pipe, and this pipe contains a pump circulation, oil/gas/water separator, tubular reactor and auxiliary temperature and pressure detection instrument.This reactor is placed at right angle setting and bottom (bottom outlet) in well heater.Well heater is used for simulating geotemperature source.Effluent pump circulation will be by condenser cooling and recirculation return injection pump in the recirculation of pump circulation loop.Tubular reactor source case, by the water containing containing the organic materials of selection type, wherein can select to add catalyzer.Tubular reactor is injected into the water that is loaded with biomass in the annular space of reactor, and this water that is loaded with biomass reacts in down-hole and flows in the sample room with on line analyzer.Pump cycle bleeder will be controlled with back pressure control valve.Tubular reactor discharge will be controlled with back pressure control valve.
An embodiment of test macro is initially at stock (inventory) fixed amount deionized water (DI) in tubular reactor and pump circulation, is enabled in the circulation in pump circulation.Then connect well heater, start condenser cooling fluid stream, and correspondingly regulate.Once as determined pump circulating temperature and pressure-stabilisation according to temperature and pressure detecting instrument/telltale, just start to inject water-based organic materials in tubular reactor.Once water-based organic materials injects, complete, the DI of known quantity will rinse tubular reactor.After flushing, the outflow DI of tubular reactor is recycled in entrance starting.Then disconnect well heater.Once the heat-transfer fluid temperature in the pump recycle system reaches envrionment temperature, just disconnect tubular reactor injection pump.Then disconnect pump circulation injection pump and condenser cooling fluid.Opening any chamber, vessel, reactor, pipeline (piping) or tubing (tubing) before, this desk-top equipment should be decompressed to envrionment conditions.
An embodiment of test macro is initially at stock's fixed amount deionized water (DI) in tubular reactor and pump circulation, is enabled in the circulation in pump circulation.Then connect well heater, start condenser cooling fluid stream, and correspondingly regulate.Once as determined pump circulating temperature and pressure-stabilisation according to temperature and pressure detecting instrument/telltale, just start to inject water-based organic materials in tubular reactor.The outflow product of tubular reactor will be sent to oil/gas/water separator via fixed route.Water mixes by recirculation and with new organic feed and water.Oil and gas are analyzed.After definite steady state test completes, the DI of known quantity will rinse tubular reactor.After flushing, start to make the outflow DI of tubular reactor to be recycled in entrance.Then disconnect well heater.Once the heat-transfer fluid temperature in the pump recycle system reaches envrionment temperature, just disconnect tubular reactor injection pump.Then disconnect pump circulation injection pump and condenser cooling fluid.Before opening any chamber, vessel, reactor, pipeline or tubing, this desk-top equipment should be decompressed to envrionment conditions.
An embodiment of test macro comprises can provide the well heater of the exhaust temperature that surpasses 400 ℃, condensing unit, the reactor as described in the application, oil/gas/water separator, for the injection pump of pump circulation loop with for the subsurface pump of tubular reactor effluent discharge, and relevant auxiliary temperature, pressure and flow detection instrument and instrument.This reactor consists of larger-diameter pipe, and this pipe contains a pump circulation and a tubular reactor.This reactor at right angle setting and bottom (bottom outlet) are placed in well heater.Well heater is used for simulating geotemperature source.Effluent pump cycles through the cooling and recirculation of condenser and returns injection pump, in the recirculation of pump circulation loop.Tubular reactor source case contains the water containing the organic materials of selection type, wherein can select to add catalyzer.Tubular reactor is injected into the water that is loaded with biomass in the annular space of reactor, and this water that is loaded with biomass reacts in down-hole and flows in oil/water/gas separating device.Separated water will be recycled in water tank.Oil will be sent to fuel reserve tank via fixed route.Gas will be stored, burn or be discharged in atmosphere.Pump cycle bleeder will be controlled with back pressure control valve.Tubular reactor discharge will be controlled with back pressure control valve.
Embodiment 5
An embodiment of test macro is initially at stock's fixed amount deionized water (DI) in tubular reactor and pump circulation, is enabled in the circulation in pump circulation.Then connect well heater, start condenser cooling fluid stream, and correspondingly regulate.Once as determined pump circulating temperature and pressure-stabilisation according to temperature and pressure detecting instrument/telltale, just start to inject water-based organic materials in tubular reactor.The outflow product of tubular reactor will be sent to oil/gas/water separator via fixed route.Water mixes by recirculation and with new organic feed and water.Separated oil will be sent in storage vessel via fixed route, and gas will be stored, and analyze and discharge.According to environmental legislation, gas may need burning or incinerate before analysis.After completing steady state test, with treated water, rinse tubular reactor.Then disconnect well heater.Once the heat-transfer fluid temperature in the pump recycle system reaches envrionment temperature, just disconnect tubular reactor injection pump.Then disconnect pump circulation injection pump and condenser cooling fluid.Before opening any chamber, vessel, reactor, pipeline or coiling tubing, this unit should be decompressed to envrionment conditions.
One embodiment of the invention have comprised siting analysis, at the suitable prospecting borehole of subsurface boring, tubular reactor is pierced underground, mounting sleeve, cementing, pressure break bottom rock, thereby utilize the hydrothermal Rock in Well that makes to peel off increase surface-area, perviousness and porosity, (a plurality of) tubular pump circulation, for stablizing the pkr (packer) of down-hole pipe fitting, (a plurality of) tubular reactor and relevant downhole detection instrument, pump and instrument.Then, organic Rankine cycle (ORC) unit is installed on the ground, it is upwards communicated with (a plurality of) ReactWell pump circulation pipe fitting via pipe, and be upwards communicated with to (a plurality of) pump circulation injection pump and relevant chain drive via pipeline.Then, (a plurality of) entrance of (a plurality of) tubular reactor is assembled in organic feed and other possible organic waste material stream of adjacent algae field.The effluent of (a plurality of) tubular reactor will upwards be delivered to the separated equipment of oil/gas/water and vessel by pipe.
Embodiment 7
An embodiment of test macro is initially at the treated water of stock's fixed amount in tubular reactor and pump circulation, uses ejector priming to be separately enabled in the circulation in pump circulation, and foot-operated startup and the force (forcing) pump recycle system.Once temperature reaches organic Rankine circulation (ORC) target, thereby thereby being just switched to direct Driver injection pump provides power to pump circulation loop and is made progress and carried generation electricity by pipeline.Can maintain enough condenser cooling fluid stream, and correspondingly regulate.Cooling fluid can derive from one (a plurality of) thereby algae pond provides geothermal heating.Once as determined pump circulating temperature and pressure-stabilisation according to temperature and pressure detecting instrument/telltale, just start to inject water-based organic materials in tubular reactor.The outflow product of (a plurality of) tubular reactor will be sent to oil/gas/water separator via fixed route.Thereby mixing by recirculation and with existing algae water in pond or vessel, the outflow water of the rich in mineral substances of heat makes the enhancing of the algal grown property taken advantage of.Separated oil will be sent to storage vessel via fixed route.Gas (mainly consisting of carbonic acid gas) is by the outflow aqueous carbonate that makes to be recycled in algae pond.When needs in (a plurality of) tubular reactor overhaul, first with treated water, rinse it, then overhaul.When pump circulation need to be overhauled, with treated water, rinse tubular reactor and make its maintenance online.By cut-out and overhaul organic Rankine circulation (ORC).Tubular reactor effluent will upwards be delivered to water cooler by pipeline, thereby make inside reactor maintain low temperature to stop because temperature changes the thermal stresses causing fast.If reactor is always done over again (total rework), the treated water of stock in (a plurality of) tubular reactor, cuts off organic Rankine circulation (ORC) and makes its decompression.Once temperature-stable, just cuts off tubular reactor pump and circulates and make its decompression.Before opening any chamber, vessel, reactor, pipeline or coiling tubing, this unit should be decompressed to envrionment conditions and examine.
It should be noted that such as " preferably ", " common ground " and the term of " conventionally " and herein, be not limited to the scope of the present invention for required protection or imply that some feature is vital, essential or for claimed structure of the present invention or function, is even important.On the contrary, these terms are only intended to emphasize in specific embodiments of the present invention, to use or obsolete substituting or additional features.
The detailed description of one or more embodiments is provided herein.However, it should be understood that the present invention can implement in a variety of forms.Therefore, detail disclosed herein (even if being designated as preferred or favourable) can not be interpreted as restrictive, but uses in any appropriate manner representative basis of the present invention as the basic of claim and with acting on instruction those skilled in the art.
Many embodiments have been described.Yet, should understand without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention in the situation that and can make various modifications.Therefore, other embodiments are included in this as a part of the present invention, and can be included in appended claims.In addition, the aforementioned description of various embodiments does not imply exclusive.For example, " some " embodiments, " exemplary " embodiment, or " other " embodiment " some " that can be included in the scope of the present invention, " other " and " further " embodiment is all or part of.
Embodiment 8
One embodiment of the invention are initially injected into geothermal fluid in sleeve pipe and inject pipeline to down-hole, are injected in the hot dry rock (HDR) of pressure break.The rock that then this hot geothermal fluid flows through pressure break is got back between the annular space that injects the sleeve pipe between pipeline, reactor and sleeve pipe I.D., then flows to earth's surface and removes and by former injection pipeline, reinject subsequently for mineral substance.Further, have the second well and sleeve pipe, it provides power by the thermally hot reservoir fluid flowing out to organic Rankine unit (ORC), makes this fluid before entering ORC circulation, remain heat.The treated water of stock's fixed amount in the tubular pump recycle system of reactor, is used ejector priming separately to start circulation.After the tubular pump recycle system has circulated, start under geothermal fluid Injection Well.Once temperature reaches organic Rankine circulation (ORC) target, thereby thereby being just switched to direct Driver injection pump provides power to pump circulation loop and is made progress and carried generation electricity by pipeline.The electricity producing can be from turbine and piezoelectricity/hot equipment.Correspondingly regulate ORC condenser cooling fluid stream.Cooling fluid can derive from fin fan (fin fan) or (a plurality of) algae pond for geothermal heating is provided.Once as determined pump circulating temperature and pressure-stabilisation by temperature and pressure detecting instrument/telltale, just start to inject water-based organic materials in (a plurality of) tubular reactor.The outflow product of (a plurality of) tubular reactor will be sent to oil/gas/water separator via fixed route, the downstream bio oil stabilization element of the ion isolation that the voltage difference that use is applied by (rod) under ORC electricity or piezoelectricity/thermally drives is by further separated lighting end and last running, and the chance of moving downstream catalytic is provided.Thereby mixing by recirculation and with existing algae water in pond or vessel, the outflow water of the rich in mineral substances of heat makes the enhancing of the algal grown property taken advantage of.Separated oil will be sent to storage vessel via fixed route.Gas (mainly consisting of carbonic acid gas and methane) is burned, the CO producing
2for making to be recycled to the outflow aqueous carbonate in algae pond.When needs in (a plurality of) tubular reactor overhaul, first with treated water, rinse it, then overhaul.When injection tube or flow out when thermally hot reservoir fluid pipe need to overhaul, with treated water flushing tubular reactor and make its maintenance online.Cut off and isolate organic Rankine circulation (ORC).Tubular reactor effluent will upwards be delivered to water cooler by pipeline lentamente, thereby make inside reactor maintain low temperature to stop because temperature changes the thermal stresses causing fast.If reactor is always done over again, the treated water of stock in (a plurality of) tubular reactor, cuts off and isolates organic Rankine circulation (ORC) and make its decompression.Once temperature-stable, just cuts off tubular reactor pump and circulates and make its decompression.Opening any chamber, lift pipe, make a trip (making trips), before shifting out vessel, reactor, pipeline or coiling tubing, should be decompressed to this unit envrionment conditions and examine.
One embodiment of the invention are initially injected into geothermal fluid in sleeve pipe and inject pipeline to down-hole, are injected in the hot dry rock (HDR) of pressure break.Then this hot geothermal fluid is got back to the rock that flows through pressure break between the annular space that injects the sleeve pipe between pipeline, reactor and sleeve pipe I.D., then flows to earth's surface and removes and by former injection pipeline, reinject subsequently for mineral substance.Further, will have the second well and sleeve pipe, it will provide power to organic Rankine unit (ORC) by the thermally hot reservoir fluid flowing out, and make this fluid before entering ORC circulation, remain heat.The treated water of stock's fixed amount in the tubular pump recycle system of reactor, is used ejector priming separately to start circulation.After the tubular pump recycle system has circulated, start under geothermal fluid Injection Well.Once temperature reaches organic Rankine circulation (ORC) target, thereby thereby being just switched to direct Driver injection pump provides power to pump circulation loop and is made progress and carried generation electricity by pipeline.The electricity producing can be from turbine and piezoelectricity/hot equipment.Correspondingly regulate ORC condenser cooling fluid stream.Cooling fluid can derive from for fin fan or (a plurality of) algae pond of geothermal heating are provided.Once as determined pump circulating temperature and pressure-stabilisation by temperature and pressure detecting instrument/telltale, just start to inject water-based organic materials in (a plurality of) tubular reactor.The outflow product of (a plurality of) tubular reactor will be sent to oil/gas/water separator via fixed route, the downstream bio oil stabilization element of the ion isolation that the voltage difference that use is applied by (rod) under ORC electricity or piezoelectricity/thermally drives is by further separated lighting end and last running, and the chance of moving downstream catalytic is provided.Thereby mixing by recirculation and with existing algae water in pond or vessel, the outflow water of the rich in mineral substances of heat makes the enhancing of the algal grown property taken advantage of.Separated oil will be sent to storage vessel via fixed route.Gas (mainly consisting of carbonic acid gas and methane) is burned, the CO producing
2for making to be recycled to the outflow aqueous carbonate in algae pond.When needs in (a plurality of) tubular reactor overhaul, first with treated water, rinse it, then overhaul.When injection tube or flow out when thermally hot reservoir fluid pipe need to overhaul, with treated water flushing tubular reactor and make its maintenance online.Cut off and isolate organic Rankine circulation (ORC).Tubular reactor effluent will upwards be delivered to water cooler by pipeline lentamente, thereby make inside reactor maintain low temperature to stop because temperature changes the thermal stresses causing fast.If reactor is always done over again, the treated water of stock in (a plurality of) tubular reactor, cuts off and isolates organic Rankine circulation (ORC) and make its decompression.Once temperature-stable, just cuts off tubular reactor pump and circulates and make its decompression.Opening any chamber, lift pipe, make a trip (making trips), before shifting out vessel, reactor, pipeline or coiling tubing, should be decompressed to this unit envrionment conditions and examine.
One embodiment of the invention are initially at stock's heat-transfer fluid in sleeve pipe, and this heat-transfer fluid is not exposed to described hot dry rock or process.Then, water is injected outside down-hole is injected into sleeve pipe to pipeline, be injected in the hot dry rock (HDR) of pressure break.Then this water enter sleeve pipe by the rock that flows through pressure break, flows through heat pipe internal diameter and flow to earth's surface remove and by former injection pipeline, reinject subsequently for mineral substance.Further, have the 3rd drilling well, it will provide power to organic Rankine unit (ORC).Then the treated water of stock's fixed amount in reactor and pump circulation, is used ejector priming to be separately enabled in the circulation in pump circulation, and foot-operated startup and the force (forcing) pump recycle system.Once temperature reaches organic Rankine circulation (ORC) target, thereby thereby being just switched to direct Driver injection pump provides power to pump circulation loop and is made progress and carried generation electricity by pipeline.Can maintain enough condenser cooling fluid stream, and correspondingly regulate.Cooling fluid can derive from for (a plurality of) algae pond of geothermal heating is provided.Once as determined pump circulating temperature and pressure-stabilisation by temperature and pressure detecting instrument/telltale, just start to inject water-based organic materials in (a plurality of) tubular reactor.The outflow product of (a plurality of) tubular reactor will be sent to oil/gas/water separator via fixed route.Thereby mixing by recirculation and with existing algae water in pond or vessel, the outflow water of the rich in mineral substances of heat makes the enhancing of the algal grown property taken advantage of.Separated oil will be sent to storage vessel via fixed route.Gas (mainly consisting of carbonic acid gas) is by the outflow aqueous carbonate that makes to be recycled in algae pond.When needs in (a plurality of) tubular reactor overhaul, first with treated water, rinse it, then overhaul.When pump circulation need to be overhauled, with treated water, rinse tubular reactor and make its maintenance online.Cut off organic Rankine circulation (ORC) and overhaul.Tubular reactor effluent will upwards be delivered to water cooler by pipeline, thereby make inside reactor maintain low temperature to stop because temperature changes the thermal stresses causing fast.If reactor is always done over again, the treated water of stock in (a plurality of) tubular reactor, cuts off organic Rankine circulation (ORC) and makes its decompression.Once temperature-stable, just cuts off tubular reactor pump and circulates and make its decompression.Before opening any chamber, vessel, reactor, pipeline or coiling tubing, this unit should be decompressed to envrionment conditions and examine.
One embodiment of the invention are initially at stock's heat-transfer fluid in sleeve pipe, and this heat-transfer fluid is not exposed to described hot dry rock or process.Then, water is injected outside down-hole is injected into sleeve pipe to pipeline, be injected in the hot dry rock (HDR) of pressure break.Then this water enter sleeve pipe by the rock that flows through pressure break, and flow to earth's surface for mineral substance removing and by former injection pipeline, reinject subsequently.Further, have the 3rd drilling well, it will provide power to organic Rankine unit (ORC).Then the treated water of stock's fixed amount in reactor and pump circulation, is used ejector priming to be separately enabled in the circulation in pump circulation, and start stirring rod and stir, and foot-operated startup and the force (forcing) pump recycle system.Once temperature reaches organic Rankine circulation (ORC) target, thereby thereby being just switched to direct Driver injection pump provides power to pump circulation loop and is made progress and carried generation electricity by pipeline.Can maintain enough condenser cooling fluid stream, and correspondingly regulate.Cooling fluid can derive from for (a plurality of) algae pond of geothermal heating is provided.Once as determined pump circulating temperature and pressure-stabilisation by temperature and pressure detecting instrument/telltale, just start to inject water-based organic materials in (a plurality of) tubular reactor.The outflow product of (a plurality of) tubular reactor will be sent to oil/gas/water separator via fixed route.Thereby mixing by recirculation and with existing algae water in pond or vessel, the outflow water of the rich in mineral substances of heat makes the enhancing of the algal grown property taken advantage of.Separated oil will be sent to storage vessel via fixed route.Gas (mainly consisting of carbonic acid gas) is by the outflow aqueous carbonate that makes to be recycled in algae pond.When needs in (a plurality of) tubular reactor overhaul, first with treated water, rinse it, then overhaul.When pump circulation need to be overhauled, with treated water, rinse tubular reactor and make its maintenance online.Cut off organic Rankine circulation (ORC) and overhaul.Tubular reactor effluent will upwards be delivered to water cooler by pipeline, thereby make inside reactor maintain low temperature to stop because temperature changes the thermal stresses causing fast.If reactor is always done over again, the treated water of stock in (a plurality of) tubular reactor, cuts off organic Rankine circulation (ORC) and makes its decompression.Once temperature-stable, just cuts off the circulation of tubular reactor pump, disconnects stirring rod decompression.Before opening any chamber, vessel, reactor, pipeline or coiling tubing, this unit should be decompressed to envrionment conditions and examine.
One embodiment of the invention are initially at stock's heat-transfer fluid in sleeve pipe, and this heat-transfer fluid is not exposed to described hot dry rock or process, thereby and contain pressure heat/piezoelectric particles generation current and heat when being subject to hydraulic coupling.Then, by under water Injection Well, this water enters in sleeve pipe by the rock of pressure break, and arrives earth's surface for mineral substance removing and by former injection pipeline, reinject subsequently.Further, have the 3rd drilling well, it will provide power to organic Rankine unit (ORC).Then the treated water of stock's fixed amount in reactor and pump circulation, is used ejector priming to be separately enabled in the circulation in pump circulation, and start stirring rod and stir, and foot-operated startup and the force (forcing) pump recycle system.Once temperature reaches organic Rankine circulation (ORC) target, thereby thereby being just switched to direct Driver injection pump provides power to pump circulation loop and is made progress and carried generation electricity by pipeline.Can maintain enough condenser cooling fluid stream, and correspondingly regulate.Cooling fluid can derive from for (a plurality of) algae pond of geothermal heating is provided.Once as determined pump circulating temperature and pressure-stabilisation by temperature and pressure detecting instrument/telltale, just start to inject water-based organic materials in (a plurality of) tubular reactor.The outflow product of (a plurality of) tubular reactor will be sent to oil/gas/water separator via fixed route.Thereby mixing by recirculation and with existing algae water in pond or vessel, the outflow water of the rich in mineral substances of heat makes the enhancing of the algal grown property taken advantage of.Separated oil will be sent to storage vessel via fixed route.Before shipment, bio oil/crude oil is carried out to post-treatment, make ReactWell be separated into light ends, overhead product cut and heavy ends.Stable by using underground ground heat density and ion isolation unit to realize oil, described underground ground heat density and ion isolation unit are used underground heat, by BADIRE and the piezoelectric bar bridge joint that produces volts lost due to the thermograde of underground separator column inside in separation of the fluid, drive density separation and ion isolation.Thereby this post is used Geothermal energy for heating and for ion isolation process.Use independent density separation not " economical and effective ", because (current practice in yellow grease case is carried out slowlyer in winter in the restriction of time, and carry out comparatively fast in summer)-still, ion isolation is the sepn process for accelerating conventionally to be driven by applied voltage also.Gas (mainly consisting of carbonic acid gas) is by the outflow aqueous carbonate that makes to be recycled in algae pond.When needs in (a plurality of) tubular reactor overhaul, first with treated water, rinse it, then overhaul.When pump circulation need to be overhauled, with treated water, rinse tubular reactor and make its maintenance online.Cut off organic Rankine circulation (ORC) and overhaul.Tubular reactor effluent will upwards be delivered to water cooler by pipeline, thereby make inside reactor maintain low temperature to stop because temperature changes the thermal stresses causing fast.If reactor is always done over again, the treated water of stock in (a plurality of) tubular reactor, cuts off organic Rankine circulation (ORC) and makes its decompression.Once temperature-stable, just cuts off the circulation of tubular reactor pump, disconnects stirring rod decompression.Before opening any chamber, vessel, reactor, pipeline or coiling tubing, this unit should be decompressed to envrionment conditions and examine.
One embodiment of the invention are initially at stock's heat-transfer fluid in sleeve pipe, and this heat-transfer fluid is not exposed to described hot dry rock or process, thereby and contain pressure heat/piezoelectric particles generation current and heat when being subject to hydraulic coupling.Then, by under water Injection Well, this water enters in sleeve pipe by the rock of pressure break, and arrives earth's surface for mineral substance removing and by former injection pipeline, reinject subsequently.Further, have the 3rd drilling well, it will provide power to organic Rankine unit (ORC).Then the treated water of stock's fixed amount in reactor and pump circulation, is used ejector priming to be separately enabled in the circulation in pump circulation, and start stirring rod and stir, and foot-operated startup and the force (forcing) pump recycle system.Once temperature reaches organic Rankine circulation (ORC) target, thereby thereby being just switched to direct Driver injection pump provides power to pump circulation loop and is made progress and carried generation electricity by pipeline.Can maintain enough condenser cooling fluid stream, and correspondingly regulate.Cooling fluid can derive from for (a plurality of) algae pond of geothermal heating is provided.Once as determined pump circulating temperature and pressure-stabilisation by temperature and pressure detecting instrument/telltale, just start to inject water-based organic materials in (a plurality of) tubular reactor.The outflow product of (a plurality of) tubular reactor will be sent to oil/gas/water separator via fixed route.Thereby mixing by recirculation and with existing algae water in pond or vessel, the outflow water of the rich in mineral substances of heat makes the enhancing of the algal grown property taken advantage of.Separated oil will be sent to storage vessel via fixed route.Gas (mainly consisting of carbonic acid gas) is by the outflow aqueous carbonate that makes to be recycled in algae pond.When needs in (a plurality of) tubular reactor overhaul, first with treated water, rinse it, then overhaul.When pump circulation need to be overhauled, with treated water, rinse tubular reactor and make its maintenance online.Cut off organic Rankine circulation (ORC) and overhaul.Tubular reactor effluent will upwards be delivered to water cooler by pipeline, thereby make inside reactor maintain low temperature to stop because temperature changes the thermal stresses causing fast.If reactor is always done over again, the treated water of stock in (a plurality of) tubular reactor, cuts off organic Rankine circulation (ORC) and makes its decompression.Once temperature-stable, just cuts off the circulation of tubular reactor pump, disconnects stirring rod decompression.Before opening any chamber, vessel, reactor, pipeline or coiling tubing, this unit should be decompressed to envrionment conditions and examine.
Claims (67)
1. be used in the subsurface reactor from the fuel making process of organic materials manufacture fuel, it comprises:
Organic materials is injected to the first underground conduit;
The second conduit of organic materials after the reaction that collection is produced by described subsurface reactor;
Extraction is ready to use in the heat exchanger that the heat of power is provided to the equipment using in described fuel making process.
2. reactor according to claim 1, thus it further comprises that the heat from described heat exchanger is changed into energy provides the organic Rankine circulation of power to the equipment using in described fuel making process.
3. reactor according to claim 1, the equipment using in wherein said fuel making process is directly driven by the equipment that extracts energy from described heat exchanger.
4. reactor according to claim 1, wherein said equipment comprises pump.
5. reactor according to claim 3, temperature required thereby wherein said pump makes heat exchange fluid circulation that reaction zone is maintained.
6. be used in the subsurface reactor from the fuel making process of organic materials manufacture fuel, it comprises:
Organic materials is injected to the first underground conduit;
The second conduit of organic materials after the reaction that collection is produced by described subsurface reactor; And
Thereby heat exchange fluid is circulated in closed circuit makes reaction zone maintain temperature required pump.
7. reactor according to claim 6, it further comprises extracting and is ready to use in the heat exchanger that the heat of power is provided to the equipment using in described fuel making process.
8. reactor according to claim 7, thus it further comprises that the heat from described heat exchanger is changed into energy provides the organic Rankine circulation of power to the equipment using in described fuel making process.
9. reactor according to claim 7, wherein said equipment comprises described pump.
10. reactor according to claim 7, the equipment using in wherein said fuel making process is directly driven by the equipment that extracts energy from described heat exchanger.
11. subsurface reactor according to claim 1, wherein said organic materials is biomass.
12. subsurface reactor according to claim 2, wherein said biomass are algae.
13. subsurface reactor according to claim 1, wherein said organic materials is polymkeric substance.
14. subsurface reactor according to claim 1, wherein said organic materials is solid waste.
15. subsurface reactor according to claim 1, wherein said organic materials reacts by liquefaction.
16. subsurface reactor according to claim 1, wherein said organic materials reacts by thermal chemical reaction.
17. subsurface reactor according to claim 1, wherein said organic materials reacts by water-heat process.
18. subsurface reactor according to claim 1, wherein said the second conduit is in described the first conduit.
19. subsurface reactor according to claim 18, the bottom of wherein said the first conduit is closed, and the bottom of described the second conduit is opened wide.
20. subsurface reactor according to claim 18, wherein said the first conduit is underground darker than described the second conduit.
21. subsurface reactor according to claim 18, it further comprises the sleeve pipe of sealing described the first conduit and described the second conduit.
22. subsurface reactor according to claim 21, wherein said sleeve pipe is at least equally dark with described the first conduit.
23. subsurface reactor according to claim 21, wherein said sleeve pipe does not have described the first conduit dark.
24. subsurface reactor according to claim 23, it further comprises down to the filter screen of the degree of depth of described the first conduit.
25. subsurface reactor according to claim 22, wherein said sleeve pipe is thermal insulator.
26. subsurface reactor according to claim 25, wherein said thermal insulator is cement.
27. subsurface reactor according to claim 21, it further comprises that at least one heat-transfer matcrial can pass through the 3rd conduit of its pumping.
28. subsurface reactor according to claim 27, wherein said heat-transfer matcrial is water.
29. subsurface reactor according to claim 28, it further comprises oil, gas, the water separator of the product effluent of separated described reactor.
30. subsurface reactor according to claim 29, wherein said separator on the ground.
31. subsurface reactor according to claim 29, wherein said separator is at subsurface.
32. subsurface reactor according to claim 27, a part for wherein said product is stored.
33. subsurface reactor according to claim 27, a part for wherein said product is as the food that makes biomass growth.
34. subsurface reactor according to claim 27, a part for wherein said product is for generation of electricity.
35. subsurface reactor according to claim 27, wherein produce electricity via heat exchange.
36. subsurface reactor according to claim 1, wherein at least described the first conduit is crooked.
37. subsurface reactor according to claim 1, wherein at least described the first conduit tilts.
38. according to the subsurface reactor described in claim 37, wherein at least described the first conduit bifurcated.
39. 1 kinds of methods of carrying out high pressure, pyroreaction, it comprises:
(a) by the first conduit, organic materials is transported to undergroundly, thereby wherein apply enough pressure and temperatures to the described organic materials in reaction zone, described organic materials is converted into fuel, hydrocarbon or chemicals;
(b) by the second conduit, will in described fuel, hydrocarbon or chemicals extracting, come; And
Thereby heat exchange fluid is circulated in closed circuit described reaction zone is maintained temperature required.
40. according to the method described in claim 39, and it further comprises that using heat exchanger to extract is ready to use in the heat that power is provided to the equipment using in described conversion process.
41. according to the method described in claim 40, and the equipment using in wherein said fuel making process is directly driven by the equipment that extracts energy from described heat exchanger.
42. according to the method described in claim 39, thereby it further comprises that using organic Rankine circulation that the heat from described heat exchanger is changed into energy provides power to the equipment using in described conversion process.
43. according to the method described in claim 41, and wherein said equipment comprises described pump.
44. 1 kinds of methods of carrying out high pressure, pyroreaction, it comprises:
(a) by the first conduit, organic materials is transported to undergroundly, thereby wherein apply enough pressure and temperatures to the described organic materials in reaction zone, described organic materials is converted into fuel, hydrocarbon or chemicals;
(b) by the second conduit, will in described fuel, hydrocarbon or chemicals extracting, come; And
(c) use heat exchanger to extract and be ready to use in the heat that power is provided to the equipment using in described conversion process.
45. according to the method described in claim 44, thus its further comprise heat exchange fluid is circulated in closed circuit described reaction zone is maintained temperature required.
46. according to the method described in claim 44, thereby it further comprises that using organic Rankine circulation that the heat from described heat exchanger is changed into energy provides power to the equipment using in described conversion process.
47. according to the method described in claim 44, and wherein said equipment comprises described pump.
48. according to the method described in claim 44, and the equipment using in wherein said fuel making process is directly driven by the equipment that extracts energy from described heat exchanger.
49. according to the method described in claim 48, wherein can regulate pressure by increasing or reducing the tubular reactor degree of depth.
50. according to the method described in claim 44, its further comprise heat-transfer matcrial is transported to underground.
51. according to the method described in claim 50, and it further comprises by regulating cycle rate to control the temperature of described heat-transfer matcrial.
52. according to the method described in claim 50, and it further comprises the temperature of controlling described heat-transfer matcrial by the temperature raising or reduce described organic materials.
53. according to the method described in claim 50, its be further included in by described heat-transfer matcrial be transported to underground before rock described in pressure break.
54. according to the method described in claim 50, and it further comprises described heat-transfer matcrial is transported to heat exchanger from underground.
55. according to the method described in claim 50, and it further comprises described heat-transfer matcrial is transported to organic Rankine circulation from underground.
56. according to the method described in claim 48, and it further comprises described product separation one-tenth oil, gas and group water solution.
57. according to the method described in claim 56, and it further comprises that transporting described group water solution grows for biomass.
58. according to the method described in claim 48, its further comprise combustion product gases product and by described energy for dry heat exchanger.
59. according to the method described in claim 48, its further comprise combustion product gases product and by described energy for generation of electricity.
60. according to the method described in claim 48, its further comprise combustion product gases product and by described energy for generation of mechanical energy.
61. according to the method described in claim 48, its further comprise combustion product gases product and by described energy for generation of heat.
62. according to the method described in claim 48, and its part that further comprises the outflow product that transports described the second conduit is fed biomass.
63. according to the method described in claim 62, and wherein said biomass are algae.
64. according to the method described in claim 62, and a part for wherein said outflow product comprises carbonic acid gas.
65. according to the method described in claim 48, the feed that acts on still-process for a part for wherein said product.
66. according to the method described in claim 48, the feed that acts on pyrolytic process for a part for wherein said product.
67. according to the method described in claim 50, and it further comprises peels off described rock.
Priority Applications (1)
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| CN201610344283.0A CN106010615B (en) | 2011-05-03 | 2012-05-03 | Underground reactor system |
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| CN109851030A (en) * | 2019-02-03 | 2019-06-07 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Overcritical water oxidization reactor and the method for handling radioactivity debirs |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2012250684A1 (en) | 2013-11-21 |
| EP2705131A2 (en) | 2014-03-12 |
| AU2012250684B2 (en) | 2017-02-23 |
| US20140206912A1 (en) | 2014-07-24 |
| WO2012151447A2 (en) | 2012-11-08 |
| RU2627594C2 (en) | 2017-08-09 |
| BR112013028426A2 (en) | 2019-09-24 |
| WO2012151447A3 (en) | 2012-12-27 |
| CN106010615A (en) | 2016-10-12 |
| MX2013012789A (en) | 2014-09-22 |
| CA2834858A1 (en) | 2012-11-08 |
| RU2013153484A (en) | 2015-06-10 |
| CN106010615B (en) | 2020-07-24 |
| CN103608449B (en) | 2016-06-22 |
| EP2705131A4 (en) | 2015-01-14 |
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