CN103608435A - Method of torrefaction of a biomass comprising the step of cooling the torrefaction reaction - Google Patents

Method of torrefaction of a biomass comprising the step of cooling the torrefaction reaction Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103608435A
CN103608435A CN201280029755.3A CN201280029755A CN103608435A CN 103608435 A CN103608435 A CN 103608435A CN 201280029755 A CN201280029755 A CN 201280029755A CN 103608435 A CN103608435 A CN 103608435A
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region
curing
heating
biomass
temperature
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CN201280029755.3A
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CN103608435B (en
Inventor
I.奥洛夫森
M.诺德维格
A.诺丁
K.哈坎桑
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Bioendev AB
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Bioendev AB
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
    • C10L5/447—Carbonized vegetable substances, e.g. charcoal, or produced by hydrothermal carbonization of biomass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B21/00—Heating of coke ovens with combustible gases
    • C10B21/10—Regulating and controlling the combustion
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B39/00—Cooling or quenching coke
    • C10B39/04—Wet quenching
    • C10B39/06—Wet quenching in the oven
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
    • C10B57/02—Multi-step carbonising or coking processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B7/00—Coke ovens with mechanical conveying means for the raw material inside the oven
    • C10B7/10—Coke ovens with mechanical conveying means for the raw material inside the oven with conveyor-screws
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
    • C10L9/08—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by heat treatments, e.g. calcining
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
    • C10L9/08—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by heat treatments, e.g. calcining
    • C10L9/083—Torrefaction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/20—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having rotating or oscillating drums
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
    • F26B17/18—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by rotating helical blades or other rotary conveyors which may be heated moving materials in stationary chambers, e.g. troughs
    • F26B17/20—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by rotating helical blades or other rotary conveyors which may be heated moving materials in stationary chambers, e.g. troughs the axis of rotation being horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B11/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive
    • F26B11/02—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles
    • F26B11/04—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles rotating about a horizontal or slightly-inclined axis
    • F26B11/0463—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles rotating about a horizontal or slightly-inclined axis having internal elements, e.g. which are being moved or rotated by means other than the rotating drum wall
    • F26B11/0477—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles rotating about a horizontal or slightly-inclined axis having internal elements, e.g. which are being moved or rotated by means other than the rotating drum wall for mixing, stirring or conveying the materials to be dried, e.g. mounted to the wall, rotating with the drum
    • F26B11/0486—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles rotating about a horizontal or slightly-inclined axis having internal elements, e.g. which are being moved or rotated by means other than the rotating drum wall for mixing, stirring or conveying the materials to be dried, e.g. mounted to the wall, rotating with the drum the elements being held stationary, e.g. internal scraper blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B2200/00—Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
    • F26B2200/02—Biomass, e.g. waste vegetative matter, straw
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and an arrangement for torrefaction of a biomass. Said method and arrangements allows for precise control of torrefaction temperature, which is crucial for accurate control of the quality and properties of the torrefied material. The method comprising a step of cooling the torrefaction reaction so as to at least partly counteract a temperature increase derived from the exothermic torrefaction reactions

Description

Comprise the cooling biomass baking method that cures reactions steps
Technical field
The present invention relates to biomass and cure (torrefaction of biomass) field.Specifically, relate to for accurately controlling the method and apparatus of stoving temperature, it is conclusive to being baked the accurate control of the quality and performance of material.
Background technology
In order for example, with fossil oil energy carrier (coal, oil and gas) competition and to be replaced, wood fiber biomass benefits to overcome intrinsic defect from the pretreatment process of some forms.Pretreatment process cures and is shown and can improves biomass fuel character, for example energy density, water-content and abrasive property, supply and hydrophobic performance [1-4].These improvement make to set up the process of curing as critical process, to contribute to biomass starting material to expand market.Curing is a kind of hot pretreatment process, and it is occurring at the temperature place of about 220-600 ℃ under inertia (no oxygen) environment conventionally substantially.During treating processes, except being baked biomass, comprise that different organic inflammable gases discharge from biomass material.
The process of manufacturing baked material from wood fiber biomass can comprise four-stage:
1) drying step, the free water wherein containing in biomass is removed;
2) heating steps, wherein the water of physical bond is released and the temperature of material is raised to the stoving temperature of expectation;
3) cure the stage, wherein material is cured by actual, and it starts when material temperature reaches approximately 220 ℃-230 ℃.During this stage, biomass are partly decomposed and are discharged dissimilar volatile matter, for example pyruvic alcohol, methyl alcohol, propionic aldehyde, short chain carboxy acid and other hydro carbons.Specifically, cure phase characteristic and be, at the temperature of 220 ℃-230 ℃, decompose hemicellulose, and Mierocrystalline cellulose and xylogen also start to decompose and discharge volatile matter under higher stoving temperature; At the temperature of 305-375 ℃, cellulose decomposition and xylogen decompose gradually in the temperature range of 250-500 ℃;
4) cooling step, stops operation, and contributes to operation.Cure and process termination when material cooled to 220 is ℃-230 ℃ below.
Summary of the invention
To cure product quality and performance demand because of the object purposes of product different significantly.Contriver has realized that conclusive is can accurately control stoving temperature to produce the baked product with desired characteristic.The present invention is based on, heat release, temperature increase reaction and occur during curing processing, and the amount of the energy producing is significantly different between dissimilar lignocellulosic material.For example, contriver has been found that the more energy of thermopositive reaction when generation is cured than spruce wood quality of biomass when eucalyptus Wooden Biomass is cured.Curing thermopositive reaction in processing makes thus it be difficult to keep constant stoving temperature and obtains baked product expectation and renewable quality.Therefore, contriver has realized that needs a kind of improved baking method, and it allows the accurate control to stoving temperature, and contributes to accurately to control the quality and performance of baked material.
The contriver baking method of the biomass by drying and heating has solved problem as above, and described method comprises this step: allow and cure that reaction is cooling cures from heat release the temperature that reaction obtains and increase to offset at least in part.Another aspect of the present invention relates to curing range, and it comprises that at least one cures region, wherein cures region and comprises for cooling device, and also comprise alternatively the device for heating, and wherein for cooling device, be connected to cooling source.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 has shown and has comprised the curing range that cures region, wherein cures region and comprises for cooling device;
Fig. 2 has shown that the representative temperature in the curing range shown in Fig. 1 changes.Should note not shown cooled region in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 has shown that the representative temperature in the disclosed curing range of Fig. 1 changes.Should note not shown cooled region in Fig. 1.
Embodiment
definition:
Cure:
A hot pretreatment process, occur, and biomass and inflammable gas is cured in its generation at the temperature more than 220 ℃ but below 600 ℃ under the environment of basic inertia (no oxygen).In the stage of curing, the some parts of biomass, particularly hemicellulose, decompose and emit dissimilar organic volatile.Curing processing of starting from biomass starting material, the actual stage of curing started with drying stage and heating phase, the free water containing in biomass in described drying stage is removed, and biomass is heated to the stoving temperature of expectation in the described heating phase.
Heating region:
One concrete region of accommodating chamber in curing range (compartment), with respect to the biomass entrance of curing range, be positioned at and cure upstream, region, it comprises the device that regulates described concrete region temperature for concrete, and wherein the temperature of biomass was added to the temperature that approaches the stoving temperature of expecting before curing.
Cure region:
One of accommodating chamber concrete region in curing range, biomass entrance with respect to curing range is positioned at heating region downstream, it comprises the device that regulates described concrete region temperature for concrete, and the stoving temperature that wherein temperature of heated biomass is kept constant at expectation substantially in advance reaches curing the time of expectation, wherein the stoving temperature of expectation is in the scope of 220 ℃ to 600 ℃.
Arid region
One of accommodating chamber concrete region in curing range, is positioned at heating region upstream with respect to the biomass entrance of curing range, and it comprises the device that regulates described concrete region temperature for concrete, and wherein biomass are dried to water-content lower than 10% before heating.
Cooled region
The concrete region of in curing range, with respect to the biomass entrance of curing range, be positioned at and cure downstream, region, it comprises the device that regulates described concrete region temperature for concrete, and wherein biomass are cooled to below the temperature of 220 ℃ (preferably lower than 100 ℃).
Connecting zone
A concrete region in curing range, is positioned at the tight upstream end of heating region and is curing tight downstream, region with respect to the biomass entrance of described curing range.
Cure the time:
Material temperature is held to be substantially constant at the time of stoving temperature
Transportation screw rod:
The spirrillum of any type (helicoidal) transportation of materials device, comprises discontinuous spirrillum conveyer.Spirrillum conveyer can be fixed to the inner housing of central shaft or accommodating chamber (for example rousing), around transportation screw rod.
describe in detail
On the one hand, the present invention relates to cure and be dried and the method for heated biomass, comprise this step: allow and cure that reaction is cooling cures from heat release the temperature that reaction obtains and increase to offset at least in part.The temperature of preferably, curing in region is used for cooling device and uses alternatively for the device heating and controlled.For cooling device, can be easy to fouling, because the gas discharging from the biological material curing region is described for cooling device by being condensate in.Therefore in a preferred embodiment of the invention, for device cooling and heating, be, interchangeable.The heating/cooling device part of during cooling fouling can be by being cleared up for heat/cooling device heats described thus, and this heating causes the evaporation of described condensed gas.In an extra embodiment, described for cooling and heating device take heat exchanger as representative.
In another embodiment, biomass are heated and are baked curing region thereafter in heating region, and preferably, the time resident in curing region was controlled respectively with the time resident in heating region.
The cooling accurate control that realizes stoving temperature of curing reaction, this contributes to the accurate control of the quality and performance of baked material.Therefore, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the material temperature of curing biomass in the stage should be held substantially constant, for example in curing region, the maximum temperature of biomass and minimum temperature differ at most 50 ℃, preferably differ at most 40 ℃, preferably differ at most 30 ℃, preferably differ at most 20 ℃, preferably differ at most 10 ℃, preferably differ at most 5 ℃, and more preferably differ at most 2 ℃.In another embodiment, before the material being dried and heat reaches expectation stoving temperature, heating that can be outside curing region amount.Before this of short duration extra heating, the comparable expectation stoving temperature of temperature is low more than 50 ℃, for example low 60 ℃ or 65 ℃ or 70 ℃ or 75 ℃ or even 80 ℃ than expectation stoving temperature.
In a preferred embodiment, residence time in heating region is controlled by the speed of rotation of control heating region transportation screw rod, and the speed of rotation that in another preferred embodiment, the residence time in curing region cures region transportation screw rod by control is controlled.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of biomass that enters the first heating region is at 90 ℃ to 130 ℃.According to another embodiment of the present invention, the temperature and the stoving temperature that leave the biomass of heating region differ maximum 80 ℃, for example 75 ℃, for example 70 ℃, for example 60 ℃, for example 65 ℃, for example 60 ℃, for example 55 ℃, preferably maximum 50 ℃, preferably maximum 40 ℃, preferably maximum 30 ℃, preferably maximum 20 ℃, preferably maximum 15 ℃, preferably maximum 10 ℃, and more preferably maximum 5 ℃.
Preferred stoving temperature according to the present invention is the scope of 220 ℃ to 600 ℃, for example 220-500 ℃, for example 220-450 ℃, for example 220-400 ℃, 230-600 ℃ for example, for example 230-500 ℃, for example 230-450 ℃, for example 230-400 ℃, preferred 240-500 ℃, preferred 240-400 ℃, preferably 240-350 ℃, most preferably is 270-350 ℃.
The preferably time of curing according to the present invention is the scope of 1 to 60 minute, preferably 1 to 30 minute, and preferably 2-25 minute and more preferably 2-20 minute.The time of curing typically refers to the biomass that are dried and heat and is curing the residence time in region.According to an embodiment, cooling execution in the second half (second half of) cure time durations or curing second trip (downstream half) in region.This embodiment is preferred, because the heat coming from thermopositive reaction can be accumulated in curing reaction, causes having at the subsequent stage that cures reaction the cooling needs that increase.
In another embodiment of the present invention, before material enters heating region, material is dried in arid region, and when biomass enter heating region preferably the water-content in biomass lower than 10%, preferably lower than 7%, preferably lower than 5%, preferably lower than 4%, preferably lower than 3%, preferably lower than 2%, preferably lower than 1%.In another embodiment, at material, cured after region is baked, baked material is cooled at cooled region.According to another embodiment, use device for heating at heating region at heating region heating material, and use the heat of the heat release power generation producing from biomass and from for regulating the temperature of curing region curing that the cooling of cooling device supply carried out in region during curing processing.Also can in curing region, supply indirect heating, with via for controlling stoving temperature curing the device heating in region.According to another embodiment, do not use indirect heating curing region.According to preferred embodiment, biomass are by wood fiber biomass representative.
Another aspect of the present invention relates to curing range, and it comprises that at least one cures region, wherein cures region and comprises for cooling device and also comprise alternatively the device for heating, and wherein for cooling device, be connected to cooling source.Described cooling source can be any container or the device that contains heat-eliminating medium or refrigerant.Heat-eliminating medium can be liquid phase or gas phase.In one embodiment, heat-eliminating medium is for example water or the such liquid of deep fat, and heat-eliminating medium is gas or for example air or the such gaseous mixture of cold smoke gas in another embodiment.Cold smoke gas is drawn from the stove being connected with curing range in one embodiment.In another embodiment, draw the arid region of cold smoke gas from curing range.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, for device cooling and heating, be interchangeable, and preferably, for heat and/or cooling described device by heat exchanger representative.In other embodiments, curing range further comprises at least one heating region, wherein said heating region comprises the device for heating, and wherein curing range comprises transportation of materials device, the residence time of material in curing region and the residence time in heating region (one or more) are controlled respectively like this.In a preferred embodiment, curing range comprises at least two accommodating chambers, wherein the transportation of materials at least one accommodating chamber can with another accommodating chamber in transportation of materials controlled respectively, and (one or more) are arranged in different accommodating chambers from heating region (one or more) wherein to cure region.At least one, preferably at least two accommodating chambers can be by going barrel representative, and screw rod can be fixed on wherein, thus material wherein betransported when drum rotation.In another embodiment, the residence time in heating region can be controlled by the speed of rotation of the first going barrel, and cures the speed of rotation that residence time in region (one or more) is independent of described the first going barrel.Preferably, the residence time curing in region is controlled by the speed of rotation of the second going barrel, and wherein the residence time in heating region (one or more) is independent of the speed of rotation of described the second going barrel.In an extra embodiment, at least two accommodating chambers are connected with connecting zone.Transportation of materials in described connecting zone can regulate by gravity or by mechanical measurement, and the transportation of materials in connecting zone is preferably independent of the transportation of materials of curing in region.Preferably, connecting zone comprises for measuring the device of material surface temperature, gas temperature, oxygen concentration, pressure, gaseous constituent or the product parameters of connecting zone material.In another embodiment, at least one transportation of materials device in curing range is by screw rod mechanism (helicoid screw) or drag conveyer representative, and screw rod mechanism scraper plate (helicoid screw flight) or screw rod mechanism flight (helicoid screw flighting) representative that wherein screw rod mechanism preferably welds in Ke You screw rod mechanism feeder or central canal.In another embodiment, curing range further comprises at least one arid region.Described arid region is preferably placed at the accommodating chamber different from curing region, and the transportation of materials in arid region is preferably independent of the transportation of materials of curing in region.Transportation of materials device in arid region is Ke You screw rod mechanism or drag conveyer representative for example, and screw rod mechanism scraper plate or screw rod mechanism flight representative that wherein screw rod mechanism preferably welds in Ke You screw rod mechanism feeder or central canal.In another embodiment, the transportation of materials device in arid region and heating region is by jointly transporting screw rod representative.In different embodiment, in arid region, in transportation of materials and heating region, transportation of materials is separated.Curing range can further comprise at least one cooled region and described cooled region can preferably comprise at least one cooled screw device.Should note the cooling of cooled region and cure the cooling different of region.
the detailed description of exemplary embodiment
Fig. 1 has shown the curing range with biomass entrance 1, and wherein biomass are introduced in curing range by feed screw 2.Biomass are dry in arid region 3, wherein heat for example, is supplied to arid region 3 by the heating medium through arid region heating medium entrance 4 (hot gas), and wherein heating medium leaves arid region through arid region heating medium outlet 5.The speed that the biomass of drying regulate with the speed of feed in biomass entrance 1 betransported by arid region 3, and enters heating region 6, and wherein the temperature of biomass is raised to the temperature that approaches expectation stoving temperature.Heat is supplied to heating region 6 by the heating medium of the heating medium entrance 7 through heating region, and described heating medium leaves heating region by heating region heating medium outlet 8.Material through heating enters first and cures region 9, in this region, temperature can be controlled by introduce heating medium and/or heat-eliminating medium in first cures region heating/heat-eliminating medium entrance 10, and wherein said heating/heat-eliminating medium leaves first and cures region by curing region heating/heat-eliminating medium outlet 11.Thereafter biomass enter second and cure region 12, and wherein temperature can be used for cooling special device 18 and be controlled, and wherein for cooling device 18, is connected to cooling source.Heat-eliminating medium can be supplied to second via curing region heat-eliminating medium entrance 13 and cure region, and described heat-eliminating medium leaves and cures region via curing region heat-eliminating medium outlet 14.Heat-eliminating medium entrance 13 is connected to cooling source.Heating region 6 and cure transportation of materials in region 9,12 by common transportation screw drive, described common transportation screw rod is attached to and surrounds heating region 6 and cure the drum in region 9,12.Described drum can be attached to threaded portion (threading) 15.From arid region 3, heating region 6 and cure region 9,12 and the gas that cures that comes is collected for burning or processes from curing pneumatic outlet 16.Curing biomass leaves curing range and is preferably cooled to below subsequently the temperature of 100 ℃ by curing biomass outlet 17.
Fig. 2 has shown in the disclosed curing range of Fig. 1 the representative temperature of biomass in different zones: region 1 represents arid region 3, and region 2 represents heating region 6, and region 3 represents that first cures region 9, and region 4 represents that second cures region 12.In arid region 3, biomass are dried, and conventionally reach 2-10% water-content (w/w) and temperature and are raised to approximately 100 ℃.In heating region 6, the temperature that is dried to 0% humidity (w/w) and material after material quilt is brought up to the stoving temperature that approaches expectation, and the stoving temperature of described expectation is 350 ℃ in this example.Curing region, temperature is substantially held constant at expectation stoving temperature and reaches the time of curing the time corresponding to expectation.Cure the cooling counteracting of curing reaction in region and from heat release, cure the temperature that reaction obtains and increase, and contribute to thus to cure the steady temperature in region.In Fig. 1, second cures region has the specialist devices 18 of curing reaction for cooling, but curing reaction also can use heat-eliminating medium and be cooled, and described heat-eliminating medium is introduced in and cures region via curing region heat-eliminating medium entrance 11,13.Thereafter temperature is reduced to below 100 ℃ in cooled region.
Fig. 3 has shown in the disclosed curing range of Fig. 1 typical time and the temperature of biomass in different zones.In the present example, stoving temperature is that 350 ℃ and the time of curing are 20 minutes.
Reference
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[2]P.C.A.Bergman?et?al.Torrefaction?for?Entrained?Flow?Gasification?ofBiomass;Report?C-05-067;Energy?Research?Centre?of?The?Netherlands(ECN)：Petten,The?Netherlands,July2005;
[3]K.Hakansson?et?al.Torrefaction?and?gasification?of?hydrolysis?residue.16th?European?biomass?conference?and?exhibition,Valencia,Spain.ETAFIorence,2008.
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Claims (16)

1. a baking method for drying and heating biomass, comprises allowing to cure reaction cooling to offset at least in part and cure from heat release the temperature that reaction obtains and increase this step, wherein said biomass are the Wooden Biomass from dragon spruce or eucalyptus.
2. the method for claim 1, wherein controls the temperature of curing reaction with the device that is used for cooling device and be also used for alternatively heating.
3. method as claimed in claim 2, wherein for cooling device be interchangeable for the device heating.
4. method as described in claim 2 or 3, wherein for the device that heats and/or for cooling device by heat exchanger representative.
5. as the method as described in any one in claim 1-4, wherein cure the temperature of biomass between the reaction period and be maintained at 50 ℃ or lower temperature range, for example 40 ℃ or lower, for example 30 ℃ or lower, preferably 20 ℃ or lower, preferably 10 ℃ or lower, and more preferably 5 ℃ or low little.
6. as the method as described in any one in claim 1-5, wherein the residence time of the biomass of drying and heating in curing reaction separates control with the residence time in heating steps curing before reacting.
7. a curing range, comprise that at least one cures region, wherein cure region and comprise for cooling device and also comprise alternatively the device for heating, and wherein for cooling device, be connected to container or the device that comprises heat-eliminating medium, described heat-eliminating medium is water.
8. curing range as claimed in claim 8, wherein for cooling device be interchangeable for the device heating.
9. curing range as claimed in claim 8 or 9, wherein for the device that heats and/or be heat exchanger for cooling device.
10. as the curing range as described in any one in claim 7-9, further comprise at least one heating region, wherein said heating region (one or more) comprises the device for heating, and wherein curing range comprises transportation of materials device, thereby the residence time of material in curing region can separate control with the residence time in heating region (one or more).
11. as the curing range as described in any one in claim 7-10, wherein cures region and comprises screw rod mechanism or drag conveyer.
12. curing ranges as claimed in claim 11, comprise the screw rod mechanism scraper plate or the screw rod mechanism flight that in the ，Qi Wei of screw rod mechanism screw rod mechanism's feeder or central canal, weld.
13. as the curing range as described in any one in claim 7-10, comprises and is furnished with the first accommodating chamber of heating region (one or more) and is furnished with the second accommodating chamber that cures region (one or more).
14. curing ranges as claimed in claim 13, wherein at least one accommodating chamber is going barrel.
15. curing ranges as claimed in claim 14, wherein:
The first accommodating chamber is the first going barrel that is connected to first device, and described first device is controlled the speed of rotation of the first going barrel; With
The second accommodating chamber is the second going barrel that is connected to the second device, described the second device is controlled the speed of rotation of the second going barrel for being independent of the speed of rotation of the first going barrel, thereby the residence time in heating region (one or more) can separate control with the residence time curing in region (one or more).
16. curing ranges as described in claims 14 or 15, wherein screw rod is fixed in going barrel, thus material when drum rotation is wherein transmitted.
CN201280029755.3A 2011-05-18 2012-05-16 Comprise the biomass baking method that reactions steps is cured in cooling Expired - Fee Related CN103608435B (en)

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