CN103604360A - Cantilever differential type ground crack displacement testing instrument - Google Patents
Cantilever differential type ground crack displacement testing instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN103604360A CN103604360A CN201310565427.1A CN201310565427A CN103604360A CN 103604360 A CN103604360 A CN 103604360A CN 201310565427 A CN201310565427 A CN 201310565427A CN 103604360 A CN103604360 A CN 103604360A
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Abstract
The invention, which belongs to the field of geological disaster and prevention, discloses a cantilever differential type ground crack displacement testing instrument. The testing instrument crosses over two sides of a cracking object like a ground crack in a cantilever mode; one end of a cantilever beam is fixed at a pedestal and an inclined-stayed steel wire is used for ensuring horizontality and stability of the cantilever beam; and the other end of the cantilever beam is provided with a displacement driving device that is formed by integration based on engagement of a plurality of precise dual gears, so that micro displacements received by straight gears are amplified to sensible ranges. And testing work at a horizontal direction, a vertical direction and a crack moving direction can be carried out by adjusting the position and the direction of the driving straight gear. According to the testing instrument, the related principle of gear transmission and displacement sensing is fully utilized; and the dynamic situation of the micro displacement about 10 to 30mm or less can be reflected within limit time at a limited field. The provided testing instrument having the characteristics of simple structure, light and convenient installation, precise testing, easy operation, and low cost and the like, not only can be applied to testing and research work of disasters like a ground crack and surface subsidence and the like but also can be applied to monitoring and early warning work of buildings.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to geologic hazard and prevention and control field, be specifically applied to the test job of micro-variable displacement of the disasters such as ground fissure, land subsidence.
Background technology
Existing ground fissure monitoring device roughly has following several: 1. cross beam type (KHALID etc., 1999), cross beam frame, in both sides, crack, is calculated to the vertical active situation in crack by observation beam deformation; 2. column (Zhai Yue etc., 2009), is installed on both sides, crack by two root posts, a crossbeam, by pulley, connects sensing element to observe vertical, horizontal active situation; 3. suspended type (Wang Jianxiu etc., 2010), by support, pulley, lining rope, certainly enter the parts such as native anchor and form, by angle scale reading to calculate ground fissure level and vertical deviation situation.These monitoring devices can be in the active situation of (0.1mm left and right) reflection ground fissure to a certain degree or in precision, and its shortcoming is the aspects such as the cycle is long, structure is numerous, precision is low, can not store; And ground fissure activity be for a long time, slowly geological process (activity is several centimetres for many years, activity per hour is ± 0.001mm), be unfavorable for that actual test job carries out, therefore need that a kind of cycle is shorter, precision is higher, analyze more reliable displacement measurement instrument badly.
Summary of the invention
For solving the many deficiencies with quasi-instrument, the object of the invention is to following some: the one, accurate, mensurable, its key issue is how the shift value of micro-variable accurately, is stably amplified to effective perception range; The 2nd, simple, good stability, make structure simple as far as possible, reasonable by design, reduces and be coupled to each other to promote to measure the stable of numerical value; The 3rd, dynamically, can analyze, consider the compatibility of this design and other Related products (as sensor), dual-purpose its grow, to change its difficulty; The 4th, light, applicable wide, this design specification is little, be convenient for carrying, with the multiple spot in crack contentedly, multi-region, surveying work aperiodically.
For above problem, design proposal of the present invention is: the one, and base supports, this pedestal is made by the planar steel plate of rectangle, with 4 drill rods, passes four jiaos, and in depth, to guarantee whole level and fixing; The 2nd, cantilever outrigger, cantilever is made by whole I shape carbon steel, and strangles on the pillar of rear end with oblique pull steel wire at its front end, to guarantee the bearing a heavy burden of cantilever, indeformable; The 3rd, gear drive, shift gear is formed by many groups of (4 groups) duplicate gear engagements, and micro-variate-value of displacement is amplified to hundred times, thousand times even higher multiples; The 4th, resistance induction, displacement amplification device adopts differential resistance inductor, and is connected with computer, with dynamic monitoring resistance (displacement) characteristic curve over time; The 5th, three-dimensional is used, and installation direction has determined direction of measurement, by adjusting the direction of displacement amplification device, with obtain ground fissure vertical, horizontal, move towards three-dimensional active situation.
Compare with same quasi-instrument, the present invention is monitoring and the test assignment in crack more closely, and that its advantage can be summarized as is simple in structure, accurate testing, the principal feature such as with low cost, widely applicable.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is mounting portion, and each numeral forms the part of tester, specifically: I-pedestal, II-cantilever, III-displacement transmission amplifier, IV-displacement transducer, V-contact lever, VI-power supply, VII-computer.
Fig. 2 is base part, and each numeral is: 1.-pedestal steel plate (rectangle), 2.-semi-girder (strip work shaped steel), 3.-column, 4.-drill rod, 5.-oblique pull steel wire.
Fig. 3 is transmission (sense) part, and each numeral is: 1.-duplicate gear, 2.-transmission vertical bar gear, 3.-contact gear, 4.-sensing vertical bar gear, 5.-resistance inductor, 6.-feeler inspection benchmark, 7.-protective sleeve, 8.-observation port, 9.-shell.
Fig. 4 is probe portion, and each numeral is: 1.-transmission vertical bar gear, 2.-drill rod.Each scantling is denoted as standard as figure.
Embodiment
The ground fissure activity of take test is example, and its embodiment is specific as follows: first, select comparatively smooth, the firm block (area is at least 10m2) in both sides, crack.Secondly, by the hammering according to pedestal steel plate preformed hole relative position distribution of 4 drill rods, in depth under, to guarantee the stable of instrument integral body; By upper and lower nut, pedestal steel plate is fixed on drill rod, setting nut position is to guarantee base plate level.Again, running part is installed in semi-girder one end, the other end is fixed on pedestal steel plate, and column is screwed, is fixed on base plate, by oblique pull steel wire, column is connected with semi-girder (far-end), utilizes nut to screw, and makes steel wire strain at semi-girder.Inferior again, feeler inspection drill rod is inserted to underground certain depth, and be connected, be buckled together with transmission vertical bar gear ending, take and guarantee that both connection are as whole loosening.Finally, two circuits that running part is stretched out, connect respectively power supply and computer.During test, should avoid people's car to move and cause the generation of ground vibration situation, to reduce artificial interference factor.
Its correlation computations is as follows: establish duplicate gear diameter ratio for the large tooth diameter of i(is than little tooth diameter), ground fissure displacement is l
0, electric resistance sensor inductive displacement is l
s, sensor resistance is R, and resistivity is ρ, and area of section is S.Like this, just can obtain following formula:
The enlargement factor of transmission amplifier is i
4;
l
s=i
4l
0，
R=ρl
s/S=ρi
4l
0/S，
Therefore, the actual displacement of ground fissure is: l
0=RS/ (ρ i
4).
Claims (4)
1. cantilever differential type ground fissure displacement measurement instrument is comprised of 7 major parts such as pedestal (I), cantilever (II), displacement transmission amplifier (III), displacement transducer (IV), contact lever (V), power supply and computers.
2. according to the ground fissure displacement measurement instrument of the claims, it is characterized in that pedestal (I), cantilever (II), contact lever (V) made by the carbon steel of difficult deformation.
3. according to the ground fissure displacement measurement instrument of the claims, it is characterized in that displacement transmission amplifier (III) by organizing duplicate gear engagement contact more.
4. according to the ground fissure displacement measurement instrument of the claims, it is characterized in that displacement transducer (IV) consists of differential resistance type parts.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310565427.1A CN103604360A (en) | 2013-11-14 | 2013-11-14 | Cantilever differential type ground crack displacement testing instrument |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310565427.1A CN103604360A (en) | 2013-11-14 | 2013-11-14 | Cantilever differential type ground crack displacement testing instrument |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN103604360A true CN103604360A (en) | 2014-02-26 |
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| CN201310565427.1A Pending CN103604360A (en) | 2013-11-14 | 2013-11-14 | Cantilever differential type ground crack displacement testing instrument |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104048639A (en) * | 2014-06-20 | 2014-09-17 | 陕西省地质环境监测总站 | Geological disaster body ground surface building crack on-line monitoring and early-warning instrument |
| CN109059827A (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2018-12-21 | 北京建筑大学 | A kind of method and system of SAA monitoring ground fissure |
| CN109579756A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-04-05 | 国电南瑞科技股份有限公司 | A kind of crack three direction displacement monitoring measuring device |
| CN110514093A (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2019-11-29 | 山东科技大学 | A kind of wide range roof to floor convergence tester and its application method |
| CN114279402A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-04-05 | 山东省地质矿产勘查开发局第五地质大队（山东省第五地质矿产勘查院） | Regional ground settlement real-time supervision early warning device |
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| CN2881604Y (en) * | 2005-10-31 | 2007-03-21 | 中国地震局工程力学研究所 | Crack meter |
| CN101344372A (en) * | 2008-08-18 | 2009-01-14 | 山东大学 | Miniature built-in cantilever beam type displacement gage used for geomechanics model experiment |
| KR20090100838A (en) * | 2008-03-21 | 2009-09-24 | 심석래 | A pondside of clacksensor |
| CN101936705A (en) * | 2010-06-17 | 2011-01-05 | 北京探矿工程研究所 | High-temperature high-pressure dynamic mud shale expansion amount tester |
| CN102261889A (en) * | 2011-04-08 | 2011-11-30 | 长安大学 | Two-cantilever large-deformation strain measurement sensor |
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2013
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Patent Citations (5)
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| CN2881604Y (en) * | 2005-10-31 | 2007-03-21 | 中国地震局工程力学研究所 | Crack meter |
| KR20090100838A (en) * | 2008-03-21 | 2009-09-24 | 심석래 | A pondside of clacksensor |
| CN101344372A (en) * | 2008-08-18 | 2009-01-14 | 山东大学 | Miniature built-in cantilever beam type displacement gage used for geomechanics model experiment |
| CN101936705A (en) * | 2010-06-17 | 2011-01-05 | 北京探矿工程研究所 | High-temperature high-pressure dynamic mud shale expansion amount tester |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104048639A (en) * | 2014-06-20 | 2014-09-17 | 陕西省地质环境监测总站 | Geological disaster body ground surface building crack on-line monitoring and early-warning instrument |
| CN104048639B (en) * | 2014-06-20 | 2016-08-17 | 陕西省地质环境监测总站 | Geological hazard body surface buildings crack on-line monitoring early-warning apparatus |
| CN109059827A (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2018-12-21 | 北京建筑大学 | A kind of method and system of SAA monitoring ground fissure |
| CN109579756A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-04-05 | 国电南瑞科技股份有限公司 | A kind of crack three direction displacement monitoring measuring device |
| CN110514093A (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2019-11-29 | 山东科技大学 | A kind of wide range roof to floor convergence tester and its application method |
| CN110514093B (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2024-05-24 | 山东科技大学 | Wide-range top-bottom plate approaching amount tester and use method thereof |
| CN114279402A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-04-05 | 山东省地质矿产勘查开发局第五地质大队（山东省第五地质矿产勘查院） | Regional ground settlement real-time supervision early warning device |
| CN114279402B (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-11-08 | 山东省地质矿产勘查开发局第五地质大队（山东省第五地质矿产勘查院） | Regional ground settlement real-time supervision early warning device |
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Application publication date: 20140226 |