CN103594801A - Butler matrix structure - Google Patents
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- CN103594801A CN103594801A CN201310593646.0A CN201310593646A CN103594801A CN 103594801 A CN103594801 A CN 103594801A CN 201310593646 A CN201310593646 A CN 201310593646A CN 103594801 A CN103594801 A CN 103594801A
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a Butler matrix structure. The structure is simplified, insertion losses can be reduced, and the transmission efficiency is improved. The Butler matrix structure comprises a plurality of input ports, a plurality of output ports, a plurality of directional couplers and a plurality of phase shifters, the input ports are connected with the output ports through a network composed of the directional couplers and the phase shifters, each output port is connected with one antenna array unit, the output ports and the antenna array units are located in the middle of a Butler matrix, and phases of adjacent antennas of the antenna array units are opposite.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to microwave antenna field of engineering technology, be specifically related to a kind of butler matrix structure.
Technical background
The concept of Butler (Butler) matrix was suggested as far back as 1961.Each wave beam that butler matrix can form can obtain the gain that whole antenna surface provides, and it is a kind of multi-beam formation method of harmless gain.Because formed multi-beam is quadrature, comprehensively very favourable to the directional diagram of other complex antenna like this.Meanwhile, formed multi-beam both can be for transmitting, also can be for receiving, and can realize with various transmission lines, make that multi-beam dual-mode antenna is shared a realizability.In addition, Butler multiple-beam array forms network and compares with other multi-beams and adaptive beam formation method, network configuration is simple, cost is low, be easy to realize broadband, feeding network as the multi-beam antenna in communication or radar system has very large development and application prospect, is also widely used in electronic charging system without parking, satellite communication and radar system.
Figure 1 shows that the schematic diagram of a kind of traditional butler matrix structure that prior art provides, this figure be take input port as 4, and output port is 8 and the structure of traditional butler matrix is described for example.As shown in Figure 1, all input ports are all positioned at a side of output port, in this case, need to use 16 directional couplers, 18 phase shifters.Meanwhile, this structure also makes to exist a lot of crosspoints in this butler matrix.
Along with the continuous expansion of application platform, the number of butler matrix port also constantly increases, and the overall structure of butler matrix is more sophisticated also, and the number in crosspoint also significantly rises, and the insertion loss thereupon bringing also rises thereupon.Therefore, develop the important research direction that butler matrix structure simple in structure and that insertion loss is low is this area.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of butler matrix structure, and designs simplification can reduce insertion loss simultaneously, improves efficiency of transmission.
A kind of butler matrix structure that the embodiment of the present invention provides, comprise a plurality of input ports, a plurality of output port, a plurality of directional coupler and a plurality of phase shifter, the network consisting of described a plurality of directional couplers and described a plurality of phase shifter between described a plurality of input port and described a plurality of output port is connected to each other, each output port is connected with an antenna array unit, wherein, described a plurality of output port and described antenna array unit are positioned at the centre of described butler matrix; Described antenna array unit adjacent antenna single spin-echo.
Wherein, the both sides that half input port in described a plurality of input port and second half input port lay respectively at described butler matrix.
Wherein, the connected mode between described a plurality of input port, described a plurality of output ports, described a plurality of directional couplers and described a plurality of phase shifter is that microstrip line connects.
Wherein, in circuit production, described butler matrix is positioned at the back side of described antenna array unit.
Wherein, described a plurality of input port received RF signal; Described radiofrequency signal is carried out switched-beam by described a plurality of directional couplers and a plurality of phase shifter, then transfers to described aerial array by described a plurality of output ports.
Wherein, the quantity of described input port is 4; The quantity of described output port is 8 o'clock, and the quantity of described directional coupler is 10; The quantity of described phase shifter is 20.
Utilize the disclosed butler matrix structure of the embodiment of the present invention, because output port and connected antenna array unit are positioned at the centre of described butler matrix; Meanwhile, this antenna array unit adjacent antenna single spin-echo, makes the semaphore request of output port produce and change, and then makes between input port and output port needed directional coupler fewer than prior art.The directional coupler using is few, and the variation of output port structure conventionally, in the situation that keeping aerial array to be line array, has greatly reduced the quantity in circuit structure crosspoint.Minimizing due to crosspoint number, has reduced insertion loss, has improved efficiency of transmission.Due to designs simplification, microstrip line is distributed on dielectric-slab more reasonable simultaneously, there is certain miniaturization characteristic, allow the more practical application of the butler matrix of multiport become possibility.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Figure 1 shows that the schematic diagram of a kind of traditional butler matrix structure that prior art provides.
Figure 2 shows that the schematic diagram of the butler matrix structure that one embodiment of the invention provides.
Figure 3 shows that the butler matrix of one embodiment of the invention is tested to the antenna beam pattern obtaining.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Embodiment based in the present invention, those of ordinary skills, not making the every other embodiment obtaining under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
The butler matrix structure that one embodiment of the invention provides, its basic structure comprises a plurality of input ports, a plurality of output port, a plurality of directional coupler and a plurality of phase shifter; The network consisting of the plurality of directional coupler and the plurality of phase shifter between the plurality of input port and a plurality of output port is connected to each other, and each output port is connected with the unit of an aerial array.Wherein, the plurality of output port and coupled antenna array unit are positioned at the centre of this butler matrix, and adjacent antenna single spin-echo in this antenna array unit.
Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, half input port in described a plurality of input ports and second half input port lay respectively at the both sides of described butler matrix.
Figure 2 shows that the schematic diagram of the butler matrix structure that one embodiment of the invention provides.It is same that to take 4 input ports and 8 output ports be that example is the butler matrix of the explanation embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Figure 2,8 output ports (41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48) are linearly connected with 8 antenna array units (51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58), all be positioned at the centre of butler matrix, wherein, sequence number is the antenna array unit (52 of even number, 54,56,58) and the sequence number antenna array unit (51,53,55 that is odd number, 57) single spin-echo, like this, omit the phase place change procedure of 4 road signals before output port, so both can reduce the use of 4 directional couplers.In addition, input port 11,12 is positioned at the upside of 8 output ports, and input port 13,14 is positioned at the downside of 8 output ports; And input port 11,12 is contrary with the signal input direction of input port 13,14, has so just reduced the use of 2 directional couplers.Like this, between 4 input ports and 8 output ports, only need 10 directional couplers, directional coupler as shown (201～210); Between 4 input ports and 8 output ports, phase shifter quantity is 20, phase shifter as shown (301～320).
Meanwhile, due to the structure shown in Fig. 2, the crosspoint of this butler matrix is significantly reduced, and then reduced insertion loss.
Utilize butler matrix that the embodiment of the present invention provides and coupled aerial array, can form 4 and point to different wave beams.
In above example, only take 4 input ports, 8 output ports describes as example.In actual applications, can change as required the quantity of input port and output port, but basic principle is constant.That is, output port and connected aerial array are positioned in the middle of butler matrix, and adjacent antenna array is to unit single spin-echo; Further, half input port in a plurality of input ports and second half input port lay respectively at the both sides of butler matrix, and the signal phase that both sides input port is inputted like this differs 180 °.The quantity of directional coupler and the quantity of phase shifter can be determined according to requiring.Because directional coupler can be divided into different model according to its attenuation and the degree of coupling, phase shifter changes and is also divided into different model according to its achieved phase place, therefore according to the quantitative requirement of output signal and phase place requirement, according to certain algorithm, determine the quantity of directional coupler and phase shifter.Such as, can pass through the design formula based on Fourier transformation (FFT) algorithm, directly determine phase shift position and the numerical value of the generation in matrix, consider the topology characteristic of inhibit signal flow chart simultaneously.
In an embodiment of the present invention, aerial array (unit of aerial array as shown in Figure 1 (51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58)) can be placed in the back side of the feeding network of butler matrix structure, so further reduce to adopt the size of the feeding network of butler matrix structure, met the demand of society to electronic communication equipment miniaturization now.
With actual measurement data, prove the beneficial effect of the embodiment of the present invention below.Utilize the phase shifter of 0dB, the 3dB, 5dB, 9dB directional coupler and the various angles that have designed to build the butler matrix as Fig. 2, and adopting CST(CST MICROWAVE STUDIO) Electromagnetic Simulation software carries out modeling to this butler matrix structure, and carry out emulation testing, obtain four wave beams (right 1, left 2, right 2, left 1).As shown in Figure 3, as can be seen from the figure each wave beam has all met the requirement of beam position to the beam pattern of these four wave beams.Shown in its amplitude and phase result following table:
From this table, can find out, four wave beams (right 1, left 2, right 2, left 1) are when 8 output ports output, and same wave beam differs and fixes in the output of adjacent output port.Right 1 wave beam of take is example, and right 1 wave beam is-24.9 ° at the output phase of 41 output ports, at the output phase of 42 output ports, is-86.7 °, and the output signal of right like this 1 wave beam between 42 output ports and 41 output ports differs as-61.8 °.By that analogy, the output between adjacent output port in 42～48 output ports of right 1 wave beam differs and is respectively-71.4 ° ,-63.2 ° ,-72.3 ° ,-59.6 ° ,-75.3 ° and-61.6 °, all output is differed and averaged as-66.5 °, determine that thus right 1 wave beam differs as-66.5 ° in the output of 8 output ports, and differ error with the output of each output port and be controlled at 5 ° of left and right.By that analogy, left 2 wave beams, right 2 wave beams and left 1 wave beam differ and are respectively 112.5 ° ,-157.5 ° and 22.5 ° in the output signal of 8 output ports, and output differs error and is also controlled at 5 ° of left and right.
These test results show that butler matrix structure that the embodiment of the present invention provides not only can form the PHASE DISTRIBUTION of specific distribution of amplitudes and fixed phase difference, and its loss bringing will be lower than traditional butler matrix.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention not all, any modification of doing, be equal to replacement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a butler matrix structure, comprise a plurality of input ports, a plurality of output port, a plurality of directional coupler and a plurality of phase shifter, the network consisting of described a plurality of directional couplers and described a plurality of phase shifter between described a plurality of input port and described a plurality of output port is connected to each other, each output port is connected with an antenna array unit, it is characterized in that: described a plurality of output ports and described antenna array unit are positioned at the centre of described butler matrix; Described antenna array unit adjacent antenna single spin-echo.
2. structure according to claim 1, is characterized in that, half input port in described a plurality of input ports and second half input port lay respectively at the both sides of described butler matrix.
3. structure according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, the connected mode between described a plurality of input ports, described a plurality of output ports, described a plurality of directional couplers and described a plurality of phase shifter is that microstrip line connects.
4. structure according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, in circuit production, described butler matrix is positioned at the back side of described antenna array unit.
5. structure according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described a plurality of input port received RF signals; Described radiofrequency signal is carried out switched-beam by described a plurality of directional couplers and a plurality of phase shifter, then transfers to described aerial array by described a plurality of output ports.
6. structure according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, the quantity of described input port is 4; The quantity of described output port is 8 o'clock, and the quantity of described directional coupler is 10; The quantity of described phase shifter is 20.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107453046A (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2017-12-08 | 大连海事大学 | The arbitrary Butler matrix beam forming networks of phase difference between output port |
| CN108306110A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-07-20 | 富华科精密工业（深圳）有限公司 | Butler matrix structure and electronic device with the Butler matrix structure |
| CN109244679A (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2019-01-18 | 中国电波传播研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第二十二研究所） | A kind of compact multi-beam antenna array system |
| CN111143765A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-05-12 | 中国电波传播研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第二十二研究所） | Novel method for designing MxN Nuomon matrix |
| CN112600592A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-04-02 | 广东纳睿雷达科技股份有限公司 | Butler matrix phase weighting optimization method and Butler matrix |
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| JPH0993008A (en) * | 1995-09-21 | 1997-04-04 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Butler matrix circuit and antenna system |
| CN101599784A (en) * | 2009-07-09 | 2009-12-09 | 上海交通大学 | Butler matrix beam-forming device |
| CN101707497A (en) * | 2009-06-30 | 2010-05-12 | 广东通宇通讯设备有限公司 | Butler matrix structure for beam-forming network |
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2013
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Patent Citations (3)
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| JPH0993008A (en) * | 1995-09-21 | 1997-04-04 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Butler matrix circuit and antenna system |
| CN101707497A (en) * | 2009-06-30 | 2010-05-12 | 广东通宇通讯设备有限公司 | Butler matrix structure for beam-forming network |
| CN101599784A (en) * | 2009-07-09 | 2009-12-09 | 上海交通大学 | Butler matrix beam-forming device |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107453046A (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2017-12-08 | 大连海事大学 | The arbitrary Butler matrix beam forming networks of phase difference between output port |
| CN107453046B (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2020-02-14 | 大连海事大学 | Butler matrix beam forming network with arbitrary phase difference between output ports |
| CN108306110A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-07-20 | 富华科精密工业（深圳）有限公司 | Butler matrix structure and electronic device with the Butler matrix structure |
| CN108306110B (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2019-07-26 | 富华科精密工业（深圳）有限公司 | Butler matrix structure and electronic device with the Butler matrix structure |
| CN109244679A (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2019-01-18 | 中国电波传播研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第二十二研究所） | A kind of compact multi-beam antenna array system |
| CN109244679B (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2023-10-20 | 中国电波传播研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第二十二研究所） | Compact multi-beam antenna array system |
| CN111143765A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-05-12 | 中国电波传播研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第二十二研究所） | Novel method for designing MxN Nuomon matrix |
| CN111143765B (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2023-01-24 | 中国电波传播研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第二十二研究所） | Novel method for designing MxN Nuomon matrix |
| CN112600592A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-04-02 | 广东纳睿雷达科技股份有限公司 | Butler matrix phase weighting optimization method and Butler matrix |
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Application publication date: 20140219 |