CN103591944A - Measurement construction method of arc building - Google Patents
Measurement construction method of arc building Download PDFInfo
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- CN103591944A CN103591944A CN201310569567.6A CN201310569567A CN103591944A CN 103591944 A CN103591944 A CN 103591944A CN 201310569567 A CN201310569567 A CN 201310569567A CN 103591944 A CN103591944 A CN 103591944A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a measurement construction method of an arc building. The method comprises the steps as follows: drawing a measuring coordinate arrangement diagram, labelling coordinates of a main axis control point and a to-be-measured point, inputting the coordinates into a total station, performing field positioning measurement and the like. The measurement construction method of the arc building has the benefits that the effect on application of a measurement instrument and CAD (computer aided design) software is obvious, the technology is advanced, and remarkable social benefits and economic benefits are achieved.
Description
Technical field
the present invention relates to a kind of arcuate building and measure construction method, be applicable to the various forms of arcuate buildings such as circular arc, ellipse, and the construction survey of various forms of structures location.
Background technology
along with improving constantly of modern architecture design level, the more and more polynary change of architecture structure form, technicalization and three-dimensional.Therefore; in building engineering construction measuring process; we often can run into the buildings that some planes, vertical design are comparatively complicated, such as arc, ellipse etc., and especially on the large public building such as gymnasium, show room, major part has adopted arc or elliptic design.It is complicated that the simple geometry figures such as the rectangle that the architecture construction unwrapping wire of this type is more general, circle are wanted, and the measurement line-putting method adopting differs, and some methods are very loaded down with trivial details, and the precision of unwrapping wire is also difficult to be guaranteed.
Summary of the invention
the object of the invention is to, for the problems referred to above, provide a kind of arcuate building to measure construction method.
for realizing this technical purpose, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
measure a construction method, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
1. draw the step of measuring coordinate arrangenent diagram:
1.1 draw and measure coordinate arrangenent diagram in CAD software, embody main building axis line, frame column, unique point in figure;
1.2 are doomed site coordinate in CAD figure acceptance of the bid, and all point coordinate are converted to construction coordinate, measurement reference mark coordinate are also converted to construction coordinate simultaneously;
2. mark main axis reference mark coordinate, tested point coordinate, and coordinate inputted to the step of total powerstation:
2.1 according to the building operation coordinate diagram of drawing, and determines main axis, master control point that in-site measurement unwrapping wire needs;
the 2.2 coordinate control points that provide according to construction unit, through calculating, to this reference mark, distance and the angle to each transverse and longitudinal crossing point of axes measures, list records;
2.3 by the reference mark coordinate after all conversions, fix a construction coordinate and carry out classifying and numbering, and input in total powerstation storage system;
3. the step of on-the-spot location survey:
the 3.1 planning building line providing according to construction unit or reference mark, city, adopt the secondary spare time to close the coordinate figure of each tracerse point of tracerse survey;
3.2 according to the tracerse point of having measured, and according to master plan, first layer plane figure and basement structure foundation plan, with the setting out of total powerstation, determines buildings main axis master control point position;
3.3 according to anchor point and reference mark relative position relation, select with anchor point close together and the good master control point of intervisibility as survey station, set up after total powerstation, from total powerstation storage system, recall the coordinate of master control point, be set to survey station point coordinate, using other any master control point as backsight point, use the setting out of total powerstation to survey the position on the spot that sets out each anchor point;
3.4 after basic earthwork excavation, adopts axis method on blinding layer, accurately to make locating point position, and in foundation ditch estimated position, prism bar is placed at place, directly measures the coordinate of prism location by total station survey function;
3.5 floor unwrapping wire adopt internal control method to measure:
3.5.1 the laying of internal locus of control, on buildings first layer plane, according to periphery determination of control point main axis, is arranging more than three internal locus of control apart from 1 meter of of main axis, adopts 200 ㎝ * 200 ㎝ steel plates as a bit flag;
3.5.2 after internal locus of control is laid, according to buildings periphery tracerse point, with total powerstation, determine the accurate location of internal locus of control, by cross line sign; And record the mutual relationship data of distance and angle between internal locus of control;
while 3.5.3 installing template, reserved 200 ㎝ holes, ㎝ * 200 are for internal locus of control Vertical, and concrete location is reserved in first floor internal locus of control vertical direction; Use laser plummet to measure; Each internal control is thrown after dbullioscope, re-uses total powerstation each floor axis point is positioned a little.
beneficial effect of the present invention is, successful aspect utilization surveying instrument and computing machine CAD software, and advanced technology, has obvious Social benefit and economic benefit.
Accompanying drawing explanation
fig. 1 is the measurement coordinate schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention.
fig. 2 is the construction coordinate arrangenent diagram in the embodiment of the present invention.
fig. 3 is the master control point arrangenent diagram in the embodiment of the present invention.
fig. 4 is that the camber line in the embodiment of the present invention quantitatively waits component.
fig. 5 is the internal locus of control arrangenent diagram in the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
below in conjunction with the present invention is described in further details.
engineering method feature of the present invention is:
(1) in computer A UTOCAD software, use marking Function to mark the coordinate of arbitrfary point on curved line, greatly reduce interior industry calculated amount, improve the degree of accuracy of coordinate;
(2) set up the main axis of buildings, by the accurate setting-out of coordinate of two above main axis points, go out the position on the spot of each arc point, guarantee that the relative position between each layout point is correct, reduce and measure rough error;
(3) use total station survey, can directly from total powerstation, read flat distance and coordinate figure between 2, both can eliminate steel ruler and measure the measuring error that distance produces, can improve the accuracy of layout point setting-out simultaneously;
(4) use total station survey, utilize storage and the writing function of total powerstation, can first by the coordinate input instrument of all layout point, during measurement, recall fast indoor, reduce the field work time, increase work efficiency.
principle of work of the present invention is: the axis of accurate Drawing architectural working drawing, principal character point, frame column etc. in computer A UTOCAD software, determine the coordinate of anchor point, then by minute functions such as camber line in CAD software, marking Function, each unique point is marked out to coordinate and reference point distance a little.When field survey, the measurement coordinate control point according to establishing, is used advanced total powerstation, and directly input treats that layout point coordinate positions measurement.Using on the basis of advanced instrument, effective metering system, substantially reaching the information-based requirement of measuring.
its technological process is as follows:
1. measure and prepare
1.1 are equipped with survey engineer and measure support personnel, and used surveying instrument is re-started calibrating, proofreaied and correct, and project person in charge of the technology aspect confides a technological secret to survey crew;
measurement original measurement data, construction design drawing that 1.2 collection construction units and supervisor provide, receive planning building red line or city coordinate control point that planning unit provides;
1.3 survey crews are familiar with measuring original measurement data, engineering construction drawing;
1.4 prospectings are on-the-spot, understand on-the-spot surrounding building, Obstacle Position.Selected position of laying reference mark;
the associated materials such as the timber that 1.5 prefabricated surveying works need, reinforced concrete pile;
2. draw and measure coordinate arrangenent diagram
2.1 install AUTOCAD software in computing machine.According to building, structural drawing accurate Drawing construction account coordinate arrangenent diagram, in figure, must embody the key elements such as main building axis line, frame column, unique point.Or the construction main flat face arrangenent diagram that adopts designing unit to provide;
2.2 are doomed site coordinate in CAD figure acceptance of the bid, and all point coordinate are converted to construction coordinate, measurement reference mark are also converted to construction coordinate simultaneously:
(1) in measuring coordinate arrangenent diagram, select one and the equidirectional long axis of Y-axis, from the crossing point of axes of this axis and any directions X, draw a horizontal line, click the angular dimension in mark hurdle, mark long axis and horizontal angle θ;
(2) with mouse, click the rotation key in AUTOCAD, select the whole coordinate arrangenent diagram of measuring, specifying O point is basic point, and anglec of rotation θ, can draw construction coordinate arrangenent diagram;
(3) with mouse, select AUTOCAD toolbar, newly-built UCS key in click tools hurdle, click again initial point key, in the display field of below, occur specifying new initial point < 0,0, after 0 >, the crossing point of axes of specifying lower right-hand corner in construction coordinate arrangenent diagram with cursor, this point is the origin position of construction coordinate system, and coordinate is (0,0,0);
3. mark main axis reference mark coordinate, tested point coordinate, and coordinate is inputted to total powerstation
3.1 according to the building operation coordinate diagram of drawing, and determines main axis, master control point that in-site measurement unwrapping wire needs.The axis of symmetry of buildings of take is main axis, then on main axis, establishes master control point, if AB, CD line in Fig. 3 are main axis, then on main axis, establishes A, B, C, D, O master control point, or take planning building line as main axis.On-the-spot coordinate master control point adopts 200 * 200 * 1000 ㎝ Prefabricated reinforced concrete square columns, with concrete, fixes, and steel pipe is gone along with sb. to guard him;
3.2 make Along ent on camber line on construction coordinate figure, and mark out the chord length of Along ent:
(1) in the residing AUTOCAD of construction coordinate arrangenent diagram, first open Object Snap key, in Object Snap pattern, select node identification;
(2) use fixed number to wait minute shortcut DIV, by selecting to carry out the garden arc of decile after enter key, then input needs mean line hop count, can obtain Along ent;
(3) with line segment, connect successively the two-end-point of adjacent two Along ents and arc, draw the chord length of each segmental arc;
(4) application " linear dimension " marks the chord length of each arc on camber line.Application " Labeling Coordinate " marks the fixed coordinate of each decile.While checking with some position for the construction line-putting;
the 3.3 coordinate control points that provide according to construction unit, through calculating, to this reference mark, distance and the angle to each transverse and longitudinal crossing point of axes measures, list records.Distance is air line distance ，YimmWei unit; Angle, with the angle of fixed-direction, is accurate to second, through examine errorless after, carry out field operation testing;
3.4 by the reference mark coordinate after all conversions, fix a construction coordinate and carry out classifying and numbering, and input in total powerstation storage system;
4. on-the-spot location survey
the survey of 4.1 site control points is established.The planning building line providing according to construction unit or reference mark, city, adopt the secondary spare time to close the coordinate figure of each tracerse point of tracerse survey, and each technical indicator value of tracerse survey must meet code requirement;
4.2 according to the tracerse point of having measured, and survey crew is used total powerstation, according to master plan, first layer plane figure and basement structure foundation plan, with the setting out of total powerstation, determines buildings main axis master control point position.Again total powerstation is erected to O point, measure respectively distance that O point and A, B, C, D order and ∠ AOB, ∠ COD, ∠ BOA, ∠ DOC angle value, compare with design load, as error exceeds permissible value scope, need a position to carry out calibration, after self check is qualified, transfer to supervisor to test line.Test line qualified after, survey crew can carry out despotic network and survey and to establish;
4.3 anchor point initial measurements, according to anchor point and reference mark relative position relation, select with anchor point close together and the good master control point of intervisibility as survey station, set up after total powerstation, from total powerstation storage system, recall the coordinate of master control point, be set to survey station point coordinate, using other any master control point as backsight point, use the setting out of total powerstation to survey the position on the spot that sets out each anchor point.Anchor point can adopt end face be 5 ㎝ * 5 ㎝ timbers as a token of, accurately some position is a upper iron nail position.By on-the-spot carpenter, emit basic gray line;
4.4 foundation platform position unwrapping wire.After basic earthwork excavation, adopt axis method on blinding layer, accurately to make locating point position, in foundation ditch estimated position, prism bar is placed at place, directly measures the coordinate of prism location by total station survey function, when measuring the axis of North and South direction, the size of observation Y value, the distance of the difference of mobile observation value and actual value, does not consider moving direction, equally when measuring the axis of east-west direction, the size of observation X value, the distance of the difference of mobile observation value and actual value, does not consider moving direction.After two points of same direction measuring point, line is axial location, and the intersection point of line is the accurate location of anchor point.When basis is pile foundation, adopt equally axis method to determine the position of axis and anchor point;
4.5 ± 0.000 above elevation transmission, adopt steel ruler directly to measure method, if vertical direction has outshot, while being not easy to draw chi, adopt too suspention steel ruler method.On every layer height, at least establish two above leveling points, import error twice and must meet code requirement, otherwise twice of independent testing.Every layer all adopts the first floor to unify upwards transmission of spot elevation; must not successively upwards measure; and check layer by layer; because ± 0.000 above structure adopts vertical and horizontal primary concreting construction; on fixing vertical reinforcement, destroy geodesic structure 0.500m reference mark; for structure construction mark order, control, and must check errorless;
4.6 floor unwrapping wire adopt internal control method to measure
(1) laying of internal locus of control.On buildings first layer plane, according to periphery determination of control point main axis, apart from 1 meter of of main axis, more than three internal locus of control is being set, adopt 200 ㎝ * 200 ㎝ steel plates as a bit flag;
(2) after internal locus of control is laid, according to buildings periphery tracerse point, with total powerstation, determine the accurate location of internal locus of control, by cross line sign.And the mutual relationship data of distance and angle between internal locus of control have been recorded;
(3) internal locus of control Vertical adopts in the reserved 200 ㎝ holes, ㎝ * 200 of flooring, and while installing template, just needing boxes out is convenient to throw survey, and concrete location is reserved in first floor internal locus of control vertical direction.Use laser plummet to measure.Each internal control is thrown after dbullioscope, re-uses total powerstation each floor axis point is positioned a little;
(4) laser plummet is erected on internal locus of control; centering, flattened after instrument; open the lasing light emitter of plumb aligner; laser pick-off target is put to reserved opening; laser spots is focused; laser spots is adjusted to minimum, and now laser spots is the throwing measuring point of floor internal locus of control, with the line of ink marker, throwing measuring point is caused to reserved opening surrounding;
the permissible error of axis Vertical sees the following form:
(5) arc setting-out.According to first floor internal locus of control, with total powerstation, determine behind the heart position, garden of arc, total powerstation is erected on the heart point of garden, the internal locus of control of usining adopts setting out to carry out setting-out to each Along ent on the arc of garden as direction point, point position is converted to total powerstation to measure coordinate function after reserving, measurement of coordinates is carried out in a position, and the coordinate of measuring is compared with setting-out coordinate, and difference is position, sink node position in allowed band.When difference is larger, should re-start setting-out.Total powerstation is erected to arc one endpoint location after whole camber line point setting-outs are complete, measures end points to the distance of each camber line point, the distance of measurement is compared with calculating distance, and location is correct in allowed band for difference;
5 check a position
5.1 construction units provide original reference mark to check.Survey engineer is surveyed and is established before the tracerse point of laying working-yard, need check original reference mark, and translocation is carried out in three above reference mark, and the coordinate figure calculating after adjustment and original coordinates value are poor mustn't surpass code requirement;
the 5.2 on-the-spot tracerse points of laying are checked.Tracerse point is checked and is adopted closed path to check, and according to closed path survey station number, calculates permissible error scope, and when closed difference is in allowed band, the coordinate figure of each tracerse point is accurate coordinate figure;
5.3 master control points are checked.Adopt angle and distance recheck method, according to the master control point distance calculating and angle mutual relationship and measured value comparison, when difference is not more than code requirement, master control point coordinate value is correct coordinates value;
5.4 anchor points are checked.On basis, survey while establishing with each point position in can be with other dominating pair of vertices bases and check;
5.5 internal locus of controls are checked.In more than ± 0.000 building, flooring mutual cross review in reference mark in each, checks that the difference of each internal locus of control mutual relationship of flooring and first floor internal locus of control mutual relationship is whether in allowed band.
quality requirements:
1. for guaranteeing that error is allowing in limit difference, various control surveys must be carried out by < < Code for engineering surveying > >, operation is undertaken by standard, and every limit difference must reach following requirement:
architecture construction setting-out, axis are thrown to establish with absolute altitude and are transmitted permissible variation
2. measure requirement
the every limit difference of 2.1 surveying instrument meets same level instrument poor demand limit;
when 2.2 absolute altitudes are copied and surveyed, take twice method of independent testing, its limit is poor is ± 3mm, allly copies survey and should take leveling point as backsight;
2.3 vertical observations: meet Vertical error requirements.
performance analysis:
1. precision is high: taken a sample test basis, detached column 200 axis points altogether such as basic, all, in standard permissible variation, basic axis maximum deviation is 5mm only, and wall, post, beam axis maximum deviation be 3mm only;
2. speed is fast: after completing interior industry drawing and mark, measuring, add up, basic field operation is measured and completed in one day;
3. economic benefit: the expense of total powerstation is higher, substantially will reach even several ten thousand yuan, units up to ten thousand, but use the efficiency in complex building is measured such as the transit of comparing to be later significantly improved;
4. social benefit: by accurate Drawing architectural working drawing in computer A UTOCAD software, then by the marking Function in CAD software, each unique point is carried out to polar coordinate mode location.When field survey, according to the datum mark of establishing, use advanced total powerstation, infrared range-measurement system, directly input polar coordinates and carry out city's roads, substantially reach the information-based requirement of measuring, managed, the favorable comment of construction unit.
this engineering method is at various forms of complex buildings such as ellipse circular, circular arcs, and the construction line-putting of various forms of structures, will have good promotion prospect in measuring.
case history:
poyang Lake ecological economy section planning museum, be positioned at the peninsula in southern side, Fuhua mountain, open zone, Komsomolsk, Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province (to the east of Fuhua road, to the north of middle South Road), its planar axes linear dimension is 158.600 m * 93.260 m, structure type is type Reinforced Concrete Structure, and gross building area is 22278.61 square metres.Negative one deck absolute altitude is-5.000m ,-0.300m, 0.00m, and the indoor and outdoor discrepancy in elevation is 300.Three layers on the ground, B1.Ground one, two is the high 6m that is layer by layer, and ground three is high is layer by layer 5m.Negative one deck floor area of building is 4937.65 square metres, and one deck floor area of building is 7206.57 square metres, its absolute altitude is ± 0.000m; Two layers are built area is 4986.56 square metres, and its absolute altitude is+6.000m; Three layers of floor area of building are 5147.83 square metres, and its absolute altitude is 12.00m.
the daily output Top health total powerstation that this project is used in work progress, setting-out 200 coordinate points, the error in point measurement of institute's measuring point is all in standard allowed band, two working days are spent in basis setting-out altogether, each floor setting-out time is 3/4ths working days, what internal control method was used is the laser plummet that Soviet Union's one photoproduction is produced, and perpendicularity deviation is in standard allowed band.
the above; it is only preferred embodiment of the present invention; not in order to limit the present invention, any trickle modification that every foundation technical spirit of the present invention is done above embodiment, be equal to and replace and improve, within all should being included in the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. arcuate building is measured a construction method, it is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1. draw the step of measuring coordinate arrangenent diagram:
1.1 draw and measure coordinate arrangenent diagram in CAD software, embody main building axis line, frame column, unique point in figure;
1.2 are doomed site coordinate in CAD figure acceptance of the bid, and all point coordinate are converted to construction coordinate, measurement reference mark coordinate are also converted to construction coordinate simultaneously;
2. mark main axis reference mark coordinate, tested point coordinate, and coordinate inputted to the step of total powerstation:
2.1 according to the building operation coordinate diagram of drawing, and determines main axis, master control point that in-site measurement unwrapping wire needs;
The 2.2 coordinate control points that provide according to construction unit, through calculating, to this reference mark, distance and the angle to each transverse and longitudinal crossing point of axes measures, list records;
2.3 by the reference mark coordinate after all conversions, fix a construction coordinate and carry out classifying and numbering, and input in total powerstation storage system;
3. the step of on-the-spot location survey:
The 3.1 planning building line providing according to construction unit or reference mark, city, adopt the secondary spare time to close the coordinate figure of each tracerse point of tracerse survey;
3.2 according to the tracerse point of having measured, and according to master plan, first layer plane figure and basement structure foundation plan, with the setting out of total powerstation, determines buildings main axis master control point position;
3.3 according to anchor point and reference mark relative position relation, select with anchor point close together and the good master control point of intervisibility as survey station, set up after total powerstation, from total powerstation storage system, recall the coordinate of master control point, be set to survey station point coordinate, using other any master control point as backsight point, use the setting out of total powerstation to survey the position on the spot that sets out each anchor point;
3.4 after basic earthwork excavation, adopts axis method on blinding layer, accurately to make locating point position, and in foundation ditch estimated position, prism bar is placed at place, directly measures the coordinate of prism location by total station survey function;
3.5 floor unwrapping wire adopt internal control method to measure:
3.5.1 the laying of internal locus of control, on buildings first layer plane, according to periphery determination of control point main axis, is arranging more than three internal locus of control apart from 1 meter of of main axis, adopts 200 ㎝ * 200 ㎝ steel plates as a bit flag;
3.5.2 after internal locus of control is laid, according to buildings periphery tracerse point, with total powerstation, determine the accurate location of internal locus of control, by cross line sign; And record the mutual relationship data of distance and angle between internal locus of control;
While 3.5.3 installing template, reserved 200 ㎝ holes, ㎝ * 200 are for internal locus of control Vertical, and concrete location is reserved in first floor internal locus of control vertical direction; Use laser plummet to measure; Each internal control is thrown after dbullioscope, re-uses total powerstation each floor axis point is positioned.
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| CN106840117A (en) * | 2017-01-17 | 2017-06-13 | 优居优住家居装饰（北京）有限公司 | A kind of method for measuring the side's of returning unwrapping wire |
| CN107289893A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2017-10-24 | 中国二十冶集团有限公司 | The measurement of large scale structure abnormity body construction and accuracy control method |
| CN108536883A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2018-09-14 | 李智斌 | A kind of engineering investigation figure automatic drafting method of label preferred arrangement |
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| CN109443324A (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2019-03-08 | 中国五冶集团有限公司 | A kind of construction site construction survey method |
| CN111337000A (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2020-06-26 | 中国三冶集团有限公司 | Rotary curved surface building construction measurement lofting technology |
| CN112084554A (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2020-12-15 | 山西二建集团有限公司 | Arc-shaped cantilever structure paying-off construction method |
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| CN104931027A (en) * | 2015-06-18 | 2015-09-23 | 棕榈园林股份有限公司 | Facing pattern projection setting-out method |
| CN107289893A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2017-10-24 | 中国二十冶集团有限公司 | The measurement of large scale structure abnormity body construction and accuracy control method |
| CN106840117A (en) * | 2017-01-17 | 2017-06-13 | 优居优住家居装饰（北京）有限公司 | A kind of method for measuring the side's of returning unwrapping wire |
| CN108732576A (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2018-11-02 | 上海诺司纬光电仪器有限公司 | The method and laser measuring device for measuring positioned by means of laser measuring device for measuring |
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| CN108536883A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2018-09-14 | 李智斌 | A kind of engineering investigation figure automatic drafting method of label preferred arrangement |
| CN108827253A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-11-16 | 上海宝冶集团有限公司 | The installation of the support of pipelines of sled sled racing track and locating measurement method |
| CN109443324A (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2019-03-08 | 中国五冶集团有限公司 | A kind of construction site construction survey method |
| CN111337000A (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2020-06-26 | 中国三冶集团有限公司 | Rotary curved surface building construction measurement lofting technology |
| CN111337000B (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2021-11-30 | 中国三冶集团有限公司 | Rotating curved surface building construction measurement lofting method |
| CN112084554A (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2020-12-15 | 山西二建集团有限公司 | Arc-shaped cantilever structure paying-off construction method |
| CN112084554B (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2023-04-14 | 山西二建集团有限公司 | Arc-shaped cantilever structure paying-off construction method |
| CN113587910A (en) * | 2021-07-02 | 2021-11-02 | 中铁建设集团中南建设有限公司 | Construction measurement method for multi-circle-center arc-shaped special-shaped structure |
| CN113587910B (en) * | 2021-07-02 | 2023-12-29 | 中铁建设集团中南建设有限公司 | Construction measurement method for multi-circle-center arc-shaped special-shaped structure |
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