CN103589912A - Melting method of powder superalloy - Google Patents
Melting method of powder superalloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN103589912A CN103589912A CN201310562586.6A CN201310562586A CN103589912A CN 103589912 A CN103589912 A CN 103589912A CN 201310562586 A CN201310562586 A CN 201310562586A CN 103589912 A CN103589912 A CN 103589912A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of vacuum melting, and relates to an improved melting method of a powder superalloy. The melting method is characterized in that a 500 kw vacuum induction furnace provided with double layers of water-cooling copper crucibles is adopted for melting; and the melting steps comprise material preparation and furnace charging; vacuum pumping; melting; vacuum breaking and remelting. According to the provided melting method of the powder superalloy, the content of gas and inclusions in the power superalloy is reduced, and the purity of the power superalloy is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to vacuum melting technology field, relate to the improvement to a kind of melting method of powder metallurgy superalloy.
Background technology
Superalloy is the critical material that the industry such as Aeronautics and Astronautics, power chemical industry are applied under high temperature complex load and environment.Powder metallurgy superalloy is superalloy of new generation, has crystal grain tiny, homogeneous microstructure, and the advantage such as without macrosegregation, alloying level is high, and yield strength is high, and fatigue property is good, is the best materials of manufacturing the advanced military aircraft engine turbine disk of big thrust loading.The U.S., Russia and some advanced ordnance engines of Europe have all adopted the powder metallurgy superalloy turbine disk.The maximum obstacle that powder metallurgy superalloy development at present runs into is the most difficult problem that exists the powder metallurgy superalloy development of ，Zhe Shi China to run into of exogenous non-metallic inclusion.The Rene95 powder metallurgy turbine disk of U.S. F404 engine in 1980, because inclusion causes disrumpent feelingsly, makes TF/A-18 air crash, and air crash occurs, the development that causes the powder metallurgy superalloy turbine disk once because Inclusion Problem be obstructed.Since then Inclusion Problem is always powder metallurgy superalloy worker and payes attention to.A large amount of tests shows that the exogenous non-metallic inclusion in powder metallurgy superalloy is mainly ceramic oxide particle, also has a small amount of organic being mingled with, and ceramic inclusions main component comprises Al, Si, Mg, Ca, Zr etc., with Al
2o
3, SiO
2the most common.Their size is not from hundreds of nanometer to hundreds of micron etc.They be mainly in the preparation process of powder metallurgy superalloy, as mother alloy, smelt and flouring technology process in be introduced into, may be from the vacuum induction melting crucible of using in process of production, running channel or in order to prepare the atomizing nozzle of powder; In addition, mother alloy melting raw material is impure, deoxidation is bad or starting powder is dealt with, is subject to environmental pollution etc. improperly and all may introduce ceramic oxide particle.Gas in powder metallurgy superalloy and nonmetal inclusion not only affect tissue and the performance of material, and affect its preparation and production, and then limit its application.Thereby to adopt certain approach to eliminate to be mingled with or reduce the content of inclusion and size be very important for the performance of high stress level lower member.Reducing the first step that foreign impurity should be prepared from alloy---mother alloy is smelted preparation.
In certain powder metallurgy superalloy, the weight percent of various compositions is: C:0.04～0.07; Cr:12～14; Co:7～9; W:3.3～3.7; Mo:3.3～3.7; Nb:3.3～3.7; Al:3.3～3.7; Ti:2.3～2.7; B:0.006～0.015; Ni: surplus.At present, this powder metallurgy superalloy adopts the vacuum induction furnace with ceramic crucible to carry out melting.Vacuum induction melting can accurately be controlled alloying constituent, and carries heavy alloyed purity by the reaction relevant with gas phase, is one of topmost melting method of current powder metallurgy superalloy.But, owing to generally not adopting active slag, some reaction product can only be deposited on sidewall of crucible, and there is the interaction between slag/aluminium alloy and crucible refractory material, therefore, vacuum induction melting is poor for the removal effect of non-metallic inclusion, makes the purity of powder metallurgy superalloy not reach requirement.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is: a kind of melting method of powder metallurgy superalloy is provided, to reduce the content of gas and non-metallic inclusion in powder metallurgy superalloy, improves the purity of powder metallurgy superalloy.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of melting method of powder metallurgy superalloy, and in the powder metallurgy superalloy of institute's melting, the weight percent of various compositions is: C:0.04～0.07; Cr:12～14; Co:7～9; W:3.3～3.7; Mo:3.3～3.7; Nb:3.3～3.7; Al:3.3～3.7; Ti:2.3～2.7; B:0.006～0.015; Ni: surplus; It is characterized in that: employing is carried out melting with the vacuum induction furnace of the 500kw of Double water-cooled copper crucible, and the step of melting is:
1, batching and shove charge: the composition proportion according to powder metallurgy superalloy takes raw material, pack various raw materials in Double water-cooled copper crucible into;
2, vacuumize: the pressure that the working chamber of vacuum induction furnace is vacuumized to ，Zhi working chamber is less than 0.1Pa;
3, melting: the intermediate frequency power supply that starts vacuum induction furnace, initial power is 50kw, after 5 minutes～10 minutes, intermediate frequency power supply power is risen to 75kw～100kw, then every 5 minutes, increase the 50kw～100kw of intermediate frequency power supply power, until intermediate frequency power supply power is 350kw～400kw; In fusion process, when arriving 1600 ℃～1650 ℃, melt temperature keeps the power 3 minutes～10 minutes of intermediate frequency power supply, and melting finishes;
4, vacuum breaker: close intermediate frequency power supply, vacuum breaker after the alloy pig temperature in Double water-cooled copper crucible is lower than 600 ℃, opens the fire door of vacuum induction melting chamber, alloy pig furnace cooling, to room temperature, takes out alloy pig from Double water-cooled copper crucible;
5, remelting: heavily newly put Ge in Double water-cooled copper crucible after alloy pig is turned over to turnback, repeating step 2 to step 4 is carried out remelting.
Advantage of the present invention is: a kind of melting method of powder metallurgy superalloy is provided, reduced the content of gas and non-metallic inclusion in powder metallurgy superalloy, improved the purity of powder metallurgy superalloy.Specifically: the present invention combines the characteristic and advantage of powder metallurgy superalloy process for vacuum induction smelting and the pure smelting technique of cold wall crucible, induction suspending melting powder metallurgy superalloy in water jacketed copper crucible, avoided the pollution of crucible material alloy, the strong induction stirring of vacuum induction furnace simultaneously, can obtain the powder metallurgy superalloy mother alloy of the even ultra-high purity of structural constituent.Contrast the method for other vacuum melting powder metallurgy superalloys, cold wall crucible Induction Melting Technology of the present invention, by suspended smelting powder metallurgy superalloy in water jacketed copper crucible, realize without ceramic melting, the powder metallurgy superalloy chemical composition obtaining is even, gas and non-metallic inclusion content are low, have high q&r.
Embodiment
Below the present invention is described in further details.A melting method for powder metallurgy superalloy, in the powder metallurgy superalloy of institute's melting, the weight percent of various compositions is: C:0.04～0.07; Cr:12～14; Co:7～9; W:3.3～3.7; Mo:3.3～3.7; Nb:3.3～3.7; Al:3.3～3.7; Ti:2.3～2.7; B:0.006～0.015; Ni: surplus; It is characterized in that: employing is carried out melting with the vacuum induction furnace of the 500kw of Double water-cooled copper crucible, and the step of melting is:
1, batching and shove charge: the composition proportion according to powder metallurgy superalloy takes raw material, pack various raw materials in Double water-cooled copper crucible into;
2, vacuumize: the pressure that the working chamber of vacuum induction furnace is vacuumized to ，Zhi working chamber is less than 0.1Pa;
3, melting: the intermediate frequency power supply that starts vacuum induction furnace, initial power is 50kw, after 5 minutes～10 minutes, intermediate frequency power supply power is risen to 75kw～100kw, then every 5 minutes, increase the 50kw～100kw of intermediate frequency power supply power, until intermediate frequency power supply power is 350kw～400kw; In fusion process, when arriving 1600 ℃～1650 ℃, melt temperature keeps the power 3 minutes～10 minutes of intermediate frequency power supply, and melting finishes;
4, vacuum breaker: close intermediate frequency power supply, vacuum breaker after the alloy pig temperature in Double water-cooled copper crucible is lower than 600 ℃, opens the fire door of vacuum induction melting chamber, alloy pig furnace cooling, to room temperature, takes out alloy pig from Double water-cooled copper crucible;
5, remelting: heavily newly put Ge in Double water-cooled copper crucible after alloy pig is turned over to turnback, repeating step 2 to step 4 is carried out remelting.
The present invention is different from common vacuum melting technology, and the present invention has adopted Double water-cooled copper crucible process for vacuum induction smelting.Owing to adopting general ceramic crucible melting powder metallurgy superalloy, fusion process is always introduced the impurity from crucible, and alloy is polluted.Double water-cooled copper crucible is the effective ways of pure smelting metal.Initial melt can be free of contamination starting material or clean prealloy ingot or bar, and melt raw material is without special preparation, and the consumable electrode of melting shaped and size, reduces costs again.When induction heating, in crucible bottom, form a housing, induction melting is always carried out in congruent solid-state shell, molten metal is not polluted by crucible material, molten state liquid can keep certain hour to guarantee the homogeneity of melt, strong induction stirring can obtain rapidly the molten bath of composition, temperature homogeneous, can organization of production composition evenly, the pure powder metallurgy superalloy of low impurity content.
Embodiment 1
1, a melting method for powder metallurgy superalloy, in the powder metallurgy superalloy of institute's melting, the weight percent of various compositions is: C:0.06; Cr:12.67; Co:8.54; W:3.35; Mo:3.56; Nb:3.47; Al:3.47; Ti:2.66; B:0.01; Ni: surplus; It is characterized in that: employing is carried out melting with the vacuum induction furnace of the 500kw of Double water-cooled copper crucible, and the step of melting is:
1.1, batching and shove charge: the composition proportion according to powder metallurgy superalloy takes raw material, pack various raw materials in Double water-cooled copper crucible into;
1.2, vacuumize: the pressure that the working chamber of vacuum induction furnace is vacuumized to ，Zhi working chamber is less than 0.1Pa;
1.3, melting: the intermediate frequency power supply of startup vacuum induction furnace, initial power is 50kw, after 5 minutes, intermediate frequency power supply power is risen to 75kw, then every 5 minutes, increases the 50kw of intermediate frequency power supply power, until intermediate frequency power supply power is 350kw; In fusion process, when arriving 1600 ℃, melt temperature keeps the power 6 minutes of intermediate frequency power supply, and melting finishes;
1.4, vacuum breaker: close intermediate frequency power supply, vacuum breaker after the alloy pig temperature in Double water-cooled copper crucible is lower than 600 ℃, opens the fire door of vacuum induction melting chamber, alloy pig furnace cooling, to room temperature, takes out alloy pig from Double water-cooled copper crucible;
1.5, remelting: heavily newly put Ge in Double water-cooled copper crucible after alloy pig is turned over to turnback, repeating step 1.2 to step 1.4 is carried out remelting.
Embodiment 2
1, a melting method for powder metallurgy superalloy, in the powder metallurgy superalloy of institute's melting, the weight percent of various compositions is: C:0.05; Cr:12.96; Co:8.03; W:3.6; Mo:3.68; Nb:3.59; Al:3.46; Ti:2.62; B:0.012; Ni: surplus; It is characterized in that: employing is carried out melting with the vacuum induction furnace of the 500kw of Double water-cooled copper crucible, and the step of melting is:
1.1, batching and shove charge: the composition proportion according to powder metallurgy superalloy takes raw material, pack various raw materials in Double water-cooled copper crucible into;
1.2, vacuumize: the pressure that the working chamber of vacuum induction furnace is vacuumized to ，Zhi working chamber is less than 0.1Pa;
1.3, melting: the intermediate frequency power supply of startup vacuum induction furnace, initial power is 50kw, after 6 minutes, intermediate frequency power supply power is risen to 80kw, then every 5 minutes, increases the 60kw of intermediate frequency power supply power, until intermediate frequency power supply power is 375kw; In fusion process, when arriving 1620 ℃, melt temperature keeps the power 5 minutes of intermediate frequency power supply, and melting finishes;
1.4, vacuum breaker: close intermediate frequency power supply, vacuum breaker after the alloy pig temperature in Double water-cooled copper crucible is lower than 600 ℃, opens the fire door of vacuum induction melting chamber, alloy pig furnace cooling, to room temperature, takes out alloy pig from Double water-cooled copper crucible;
1.5, remelting: heavily newly put Ge in Double water-cooled copper crucible after alloy pig is turned over to turnback, repeating step 1.2 to step 1.4 is carried out remelting.
Embodiment 3
1, a melting method for powder metallurgy superalloy, in the powder metallurgy superalloy of institute's melting, the weight percent of various compositions is: C:0.065; Cr:12.83; Co:7.96; W:3.65; Mo:3.63; Nb:3.38; Al:3.45; Ti:2.59; B:0.01; Ni: surplus; It is characterized in that: employing is carried out melting with the vacuum induction furnace of the 500kw of Double water-cooled copper crucible, and the step of melting is:
1.1, batching and shove charge: the composition proportion according to powder metallurgy superalloy takes raw material, pack various raw materials in Double water-cooled copper crucible into;
1.2, vacuumize: the pressure that the working chamber of vacuum induction furnace is vacuumized to ，Zhi working chamber is less than 0.1Pa;
1.3, melting: the intermediate frequency power supply of startup vacuum induction furnace, initial power is 50kw, after 7 minutes, intermediate frequency power supply power is risen to 100kw, then every 5 minutes, increases the 100kw of intermediate frequency power supply power, until intermediate frequency power supply power is 400kw; In fusion process, when arriving 1650 ℃, melt temperature keeps the power 3 minutes of intermediate frequency power supply, and melting finishes;
1.4, vacuum breaker: close intermediate frequency power supply, vacuum breaker after the alloy pig temperature in Double water-cooled copper crucible is lower than 600 ℃, opens the fire door of vacuum induction melting chamber, alloy pig furnace cooling, to room temperature, takes out alloy pig from Double water-cooled copper crucible;
1.5, remelting: heavily newly put Ge in Double water-cooled copper crucible after alloy pig is turned over to turnback, repeating step 1.2 to step 1.4 is carried out remelting.
Claims (1)
1. a melting method for powder metallurgy superalloy, in the powder metallurgy superalloy of institute's melting, the weight percent of various compositions is: C:0.04～0.07; Cr:12～14; Co:7～9; W:3.3～3.7; Mo:3.3～3.7; Nb:3.3～3.7; Al:3.3～3.7; Ti:2.3～2.7; B:0.006～0.015; Ni: surplus; It is characterized in that: employing is carried out melting with the vacuum induction furnace of the 500kw of Double water-cooled copper crucible, and the step of melting is:
1.1, batching and shove charge: the composition proportion according to powder metallurgy superalloy takes raw material, pack various raw materials in Double water-cooled copper crucible into;
1.2, vacuumize: the pressure that the working chamber of vacuum induction furnace is vacuumized to ，Zhi working chamber is less than 0.1Pa;
1.3, melting: the intermediate frequency power supply that starts vacuum induction furnace, initial power is 50kw, after 5 minutes～10 minutes, intermediate frequency power supply power is risen to 75kw～100kw, then every 5 minutes, increase the 50kw～100kw of intermediate frequency power supply power, until intermediate frequency power supply power is 350kw～400kw; In fusion process, when arriving 1600 ℃～1650 ℃, melt temperature keeps the power 3 minutes～10 minutes of intermediate frequency power supply, and melting finishes;
1.4, vacuum breaker: close intermediate frequency power supply, vacuum breaker after the alloy pig temperature in Double water-cooled copper crucible is lower than 600 ℃, opens the fire door of vacuum induction melting chamber, alloy pig furnace cooling, to room temperature, takes out alloy pig from Double water-cooled copper crucible;
1.5, remelting: reappose in Double water-cooled copper crucible after alloy pig is turned over to turnback, repeating step 1.2 to step 1.4 is carried out remelting.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107164639A (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2017-09-15 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of electron beam covers the method that formula solidification technology prepares high temperature alloy |
| CN112097517A (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2020-12-18 | 宝鸡华煜鼎尊材料技术有限公司 | Suspension smelting device with heat reflection cover and suspension smelting method |
| CN113458402A (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2021-10-01 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Method for preparing high-temperature alloy powder by using nickel-based high-temperature alloy powder return material |
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| US5649280A (en) * | 1996-01-02 | 1997-07-15 | General Electric Company | Method for controlling grain size in Ni-base superalloys |
| CN101538664A (en) * | 2008-03-19 | 2009-09-23 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Nickel-base high-temperature alloy with low density and high melting point and preparation process thereof |
| CN102732845A (en) * | 2012-07-10 | 2012-10-17 | 福州大学 | Nickel-chromium alloy target with high purity and high compositional uniformity and method for preparing same |
-
2013
- 2013-11-13 CN CN201310562586.6A patent/CN103589912A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5649280A (en) * | 1996-01-02 | 1997-07-15 | General Electric Company | Method for controlling grain size in Ni-base superalloys |
| CN101538664A (en) * | 2008-03-19 | 2009-09-23 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Nickel-base high-temperature alloy with low density and high melting point and preparation process thereof |
| CN102732845A (en) * | 2012-07-10 | 2012-10-17 | 福州大学 | Nickel-chromium alloy target with high purity and high compositional uniformity and method for preparing same |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107164639A (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2017-09-15 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of electron beam covers the method that formula solidification technology prepares high temperature alloy |
| CN107164639B (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2019-01-15 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of electron beam covers the method that formula solidification technology prepares high temperature alloy |
| CN112097517A (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2020-12-18 | 宝鸡华煜鼎尊材料技术有限公司 | Suspension smelting device with heat reflection cover and suspension smelting method |
| CN113458402A (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2021-10-01 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Method for preparing high-temperature alloy powder by using nickel-based high-temperature alloy powder return material |
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Application publication date: 20140219 |