Background technology
The existence of air and the mankind is closely bound up, and it participates in gaseous metabolism, the process such as metabolism and body heat regulation of human body directly.The air that people breathes every day is about liter more than 10,000, and reduced mass is about 12.9kg, is about food needed for every day and amount of drinking water 10 times.Pure air is one of people's necessary condition of depending on for existence, and a people does not have a meal or do not drink water in 5 days within five weeks, still can sustain life, but more than 5 minutes no breathing air, just can be dead.
But along with the fast development of modern industry and traffic, the discharge capacity of flue dust and vehicle exhaust etc., has surmounted the self-cleaning boundary of air, what come one after another has been very severe problem a---atmosphere pollution.In recent years, some indoor environments expert reminds people in the world, and after experienced by " coal-smoke pollution " and " pollution of photochemical fog type " that the industrial revolution brings, modern is just entering with " room air pollution " to be mark third time pollutes period.Because people are for a long time in office work, various countries but generally take Research on Energy Saving simultaneously, reduce Air conditioner air exchange number of times, so that the symptom complex such as headache, throat discomfort, cough, equilibrium sensation imbalance, burnout, erythema, dry skin appears in some people, this pathological reaction is referred to as " Cure of Sick Building Syndrome " or " office syndrome ".
Indoor air pollutants mainly comes from intrusion pollutant in outdoor air and interior architecture and art work, modern office equipment and human body self produced pollution thing, suspend aerial solid particles or liquid droplet material is referred to as aerosol, aerosol is the indispensable part of air, no matter be outdoor pollutant or indoor pollutant, be all present in air with aerosol form.Pollutant in outdoor air is entered into indoor, and it is mainly derived from fuel combustion, industrial production and communications and transportation, and the harmful pollutant produced is PM2.5, SO
2, NO
2with CO etc.In sum, comprise the aerosol contaminants be detrimental to health in a large number in room air, they come from outdoor and indoor simultaneously, mainly comprise pellet, various pernicious gas and bacterium and virus.Human body is by respiration by pollutant suction body, and result causes breathing problem, cancer etc.How adopting an effective measure, reduce the generation in indoor pollution source, thus improve the life quality of people, is the major issue being badly in need of under the background cannot effected a radical cure in a short time in current large area air pollution solving.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of can playing to reduce indoor pollution substrate concentration and the preparation method simultaneously completing the nucleopore membranes yarn of indoor and outdoor ventilatory, nucleopore membranes screen window and nucleopore membranes yarn.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention provide firstly a kind of nucleopore membranes yarn, it basalis comprising nucleopore rete and support described nucleopore rete.
Preferably, on described nucleopore rete, the shape of micropore is single cone hole or bipyramid hole.
Preferably, the thickness of described nucleopore rete is 5 μm ~ 50 μm.
Preferably, the aperture of the micropore on described nucleopore rete is 0.1 μm ~ 10 μm, and the density of the micropore on described nucleopore rete is 1 × 10
5/ cm
2~ 3.0 × 10
8/ cm
2.
Preferably, the material of described nucleopore rete is polyester or Merlon or polypropylene or polyethylene.
Preferably, described nucleopore rete has clear area and non-transparent area, described clear area is coated with PUR or transparent resin.
Preferably, described basalis is plastic gauze.
Preferably, described basalis is plastic sheeting; Described plastic sheeting is provided with vacancy section and non-vacancy section, described non-vacancy section and described nucleopore membranes interlayer are provided with glue-line.
More preferably, the thickness of described plastic sheeting is 20 μm ~ 3000 μm, and the thickness of described glue-line is 1 μm ~ 10 μm.
More preferably, the material of described glue-line is PUR or adhesive sticker or thermal adhesive resin.
Present invention also offers a kind of nucleopore membranes screen window, it comprises the nucleopore membranes yarn described in above-mentioned any one.
Preferably, described nucleopore membranes screen window is sliding sash with disappearing screen window.
Present invention also offers a kind of method preparing nucleopore membranes yarn, it comprises: hot complex nucleus pore membrane and basalis, obtain nucleopore membranes yarn.
Preferably, described nucleopore membranes is prepared by the following method:
Be that the Der schwere Atomkern of 5MeV/u ~ 25MeV/u is in an atmosphere after irradiation raw material film with energy, raw material film 5min ~ 50min after etching irradiation with etching solution at 60 DEG C ~ 90 DEG C again, wherein said raw material film is polyester or Merlon or polypropylene or polyethylene, the mixed liquor of described etching solution to be the potassium hydroxide of 2mol/l ~ 8mol/l or sodium hydroxide solution and percentage by weight the be liquor natrii hypochloritis of 5% ~ 10%.
Preferably, described nucleopore membranes is also through printed patterns process.
Preferably, described basalis is plastic gauze, and the temperature of described hot compound is 60 DEG C ~ 100 DEG C.
Preferably, described basalis is plastic sheeting, and the temperature of described hot compound is 80 DEG C ~ 130 DEG C; Before by described nucleopore membranes and the hot compound of described plastic sheeting, described plastic sheeting is handled as follows: coating hot-melt adhesive or adhesive sticker or thermal adhesive resin on a plastic film, local hollow out plastic sheeting.
Nucleopore membranes yarn provided by the invention, nucleopore rete and basalis are combined with each other by it, thus obtain that mechanical strength is high, nucleopore membranes yarn that long service life, air filtration are effective and rollable, this nucleopore membranes yarn can stop that outside atmosphere pollutant enters indoor, make indoor pollutant flow to outdoor when taking a breath simultaneously, greatly lower indoor pollution substrate concentration, and easy to use, be convenient to transport and industrial applications; Nucleopore membranes screen door structure provided by the invention is simple, and rollable nucleopore membranes yarn and existing screen window can be organically combined, easy to use, aesthetic property is good.
The method preparing nucleopore membranes yarn provided by the invention, plastic sheeting or plastic gauze and nucleopore membranes are combined, avoid that nucleopore membranes mechanical strength is low, the defect of cracky, described method step is simple, raw materials usedly cheaply to be easy to get, to be easy to realize suitability for industrialized production.
Detailed description of the invention
For enabling above-mentioned purpose, the feature and advantage of invention more become apparent, below the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.
Set forth a lot of detail in the following description so that fully understand the present invention, but the present invention can also adopt other to be different from alternate manner described here to implement, those skilled in the art can when without prejudice to doing similar popularization when intension of the present invention, therefore the present invention is by the restriction of following public specific embodiment.
As shown in table 1, be the size of aerosol particle thing main in air, its unit is micron (μm), can be found out by this table, and the aerosol particle thing size range in air is wide, and kind is many.
Table 1
0.001~1.0 |
Radon and its descendants |
|
|
|
0.01~0.1 |
Virus |
|
|
|
0.01~10 |
Kitchen fume |
Tobacco smoke |
|
|
0.01~100 |
Metal dusting and cigarette |
|
|
|
0.1~10 |
Combustion of wood |
Carbon ash |
Air freshener |
Bacterium |
0.1~100 |
Flue dust |
Gas-fired |
Vehicle exhaust |
Cement dust |
1.0~10 |
Hair spray |
|
|
|
1.0~100 |
Coal ash |
Asbestos |
Spore |
|
1.0~1000 |
Flour ash |
|
|
|
10~100 |
Pollen |
|
|
|
10~1000 |
Flying dust |
|
|
|
~1000 |
Depositing dust |
|
|
|
As shown in Figure 1, nucleopore membranes yarn provided by the invention comprises nucleopore rete 1 and supports the basalis 2 of described nucleopore rete 1, the existence of basalis 2 effectively improves the mechanical strength of nucleopore rete 1, micropore on nucleopore rete 1 not only can be breathed freely mass transfer, and micropore hole wall and film surface have the characteristic of flutterring and catching and collecting particle in gas, therefore nucleopore membranes yarn of the present invention not only can complete indoor-outdoor air exchange, increase indoor fresh air, and can stop that outdoor pollutant enters indoor, flows to outdoor by indoor pollutant by the micropore of nucleopore rete 1.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, on described nucleopore rete 1, the shape of micropore is single cone hole or bipyramid hole.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the thickness of described nucleopore rete 1 is 5 μm ~ 50 μm, and more preferably, thickness is 10 μm ~ 30 μm.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the aperture of the micropore on described nucleopore rete 1 is 0.1 μm ~ 10 μm, and the density of the micropore on described nucleopore rete 1 is 1 × 10
5/ cm
2~ 3.0 × 10
8/ cm
2, more preferably, the density of micropore is 1 × 10
5/ cm
2~ 1.5 × 10
7/ cm
2, those skilled in the art can select the aperture of the micropore on suitable nucleopore rete 1 according to concrete air conditions, select the density of the micropore on suitable nucleopore rete 1 according to required ventilation volume.
As shown in table 2, for when the micropore size on nucleopore rete 1 is different, the relation table of aerosol particle diameter in the collection efficiency of the aerosol particle of nucleopore membranes yarn and air.
Table 2
For the nucleopore rete that micropore size is 8.0 μm, it is flutterred and catches that to collect particle efficiency relevant with particle size, is that 10nm to 300nm particle collection efficiency is only 20% to particle diameter, to being less than 10nm particle, the less collection efficiency of particle diameter is higher, and when particle is little of 1nm, collection efficiency is up to 90%.To more than 300nm particle, particle diameter is larger, and collection efficiency is higher, and when particle greatly to 1 micron, collection efficiency reaches 70%, and during particle greatly to 2.5 micron, collection efficiency can reach 90%.Depositing dust, flying dust, the pollen of more than 90% combines with table 1, outside in outdoor air, can be blocked in by nucleopore membranes; Outside the coal ash of more than 70%, cement dust, vehicle exhaust, gas-fired, flue dust, bacterium, carbon ash, metal dusting and cigarette can be blocked in by nucleopore rete; And the micropore that the indoor viral overwhelming majority can pass through nucleopore rete flows to outdoor with air flowing by indoor; For the bacterium of indoor, kitchen fume, tobacco smoke and Radon and its descendants, the micropore that a part can pass through nucleopore rete arrives outdoor, and other parts are caught being flutterred by the surface of nucleopore rete and micropore hole wall.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the material of described nucleopore rete 1 is polyester or Merlon or polypropylene or polyethylene.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, described nucleopore rete 1 has clear area and non-transparent area, described clear area is coated with PUR or transparent resin, micropore on nucleopore rete 1 is covered by glue, present transparent effect, wherein PUR can be the common PUR such as acrylate, and the present invention does not do further restriction to this; And not by the micro-porous area that PUR covers on nucleopore rete 1, form milky region due to the scattering of light, i.e. non-transparent area, the effect of similar sub-light glass can be presented.In actual applications, concrete clear area shape be selected by the vapor permeation area that can need according to nucleopore rete 1 and pattern, and the PUR that clear area applies or transparent resin effectively can also improve the mechanical strength of nucleopore rete 1.
In one embodiment of the invention, described basalis 2 is plastic gauze 21.As shown in Figure 2, nucleopore rete 1 and plastic gauze 21 are combined with each other can be freely curling, easy to use and transport.
In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 3, described basalis 2 is plastic sheeting 22, and described plastic sheeting 22 can be common film such as polyester film (PET) or polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or polyethylene (PE) or polypropylene (PP) or PETG etc.; Described plastic sheeting 22 is provided with vacancy section 221 and non-vacancy section 222, between described non-vacancy section 222 and described nucleopore rete 1, is provided with glue-line 3.Ventilate for the micropore of nucleopore rete 1 in vacancy section 221 on plastic sheeting 22, those skilled in the art can easily know, the shape size of described vacancy section 221 can be selected according to the actual requirements flexibly, can be continuous regular figure, as the circular hole (as shown in Figure 4) of matrix arrangement; Or non-continuous shapes, as corresponding with the non-transparent area of nucleopore rete 1.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 3, plastic sheeting 22 is wider than nucleopore rete 1, and therefore glue-line 3 preferably can be positioned at the both sides on the width of nucleopore rete 1, and plastic sheeting 22 is provided with vacancy section 221 with the ventilative micropore corresponding section of nucleopore rete 1.
Further, the thickness of described plastic sheeting 22 is preferably 20 μm ~ 3000 μm, and more preferably, thickness is 30 μm ~ 300 μm, and the thickness of described glue-line 3 is preferably 1 μm ~ 10 μm.In a specific embodiments of the present invention, the material of described glue-line 3 is PUR or adhesive sticker or thermal adhesive resin, and wherein thermal adhesive resin is preferably PE or PETG etc.
The present invention discloses a kind of method preparing nucleopore membranes yarn further, and it comprises: hot complex nucleus pore membrane and basalis, obtain nucleopore membranes yarn, and described basalis can play the effect supporting described nucleopore membranes.
The nucleopore membranes used in above-mentioned disclosed method can adopt the conventional mode in this area to obtain, and preferably, adopts following method to prepare:
Be that the Der schwere Atomkern of 5MeV/u ~ 25MeV/u is in an atmosphere after irradiation raw material film with energy, raw material film 5min ~ 50min after etching irradiation with etching solution at 60 DEG C ~ 90 DEG C again, wherein said raw material film is polyester or Merlon or polypropylene or polyethylene, the mixed liquor of described etching solution to be the potassium hydroxide of 2mol/l ~ 8mol/l or sodium hydroxide solution and percentage by weight the be liquor natrii hypochloritis of 5% ~ 10%.
In a preferred embodiment of the inventive method, described nucleopore membranes also can be passed through printed patterns process, and it specifically can be adopted with the following method:
Perforated area as required, pattern and mechanical strength, preparation galley; With intaglio press printing heat melten gel or transparent resin in nucleopore membranes, nucleopore membranes has the region of glue, and micropore is covered by glue, forms transparent region; And not by the micro-porous area that glue covers, the scattering due to light forms milky region, present the effect of similar sub-light glass.
In a preferred embodiment of the inventive method, described basalis is plastic gauze, and hot complex nucleus pore membrane and plastic gauze, namely obtain nucleopore membranes yarn, and described hot compound can adopt mode well known in the art to realize, as used hot laminating machine.The temperature of hot compound is preferably 60 DEG C ~ 100 DEG C, with while reaching nucleopore membranes and plastic gauze compound, does not damage the micropore in nucleopore membranes.When basalis 2 is plastic gauze 21, nucleopore membranes yarn provided by the invention can adopt this method to prepare.
In a preferred embodiment of the inventive method, described basalis is plastic sheeting, and the temperature of described hot compound is 80 DEG C ~ 130 DEG C, with while reaching nucleopore membranes and plastic gauze compound, does not damage the micropore in nucleopore membranes.Before by described nucleopore membranes and the hot compound of described plastic sheeting, described plastic sheeting is handled as follows: coating hot-melt adhesive or adhesive sticker or thermal adhesive resin on a plastic film, local hollow out plastic sheeting.When basalis 2 is plastic sheeting 22, nucleopore membranes yarn provided by the invention can adopt this method to prepare.
The invention also discloses a kind of nucleopore membranes screen window, it comprises nucleopore membranes yarn disclosed in the present invention.Those skilled in the art easily know, nucleopore membranes yarn disclosed in the present invention and known screen window are adopted conventional methods combining, can obtaining easy to use, can stop that outside atmosphere pollutant enters indoor, making indoor pollutant flow to outdoor nucleopore membranes screen window when taking a breath simultaneously.In a particular application, nucleopore membranes screen window can be combined into by screen window frame and nucleopore membranes yarn, or uses nucleopore membranes yarn to substitute the part gauze of existing screen window; In order to easy to use, described nucleopore membranes screen window is preferably sliding sash with disappearing screen window, so in actual applications can by curling for nucleopore membranes screen window entirety.
As shown in Figure 5, bisque in air can be blocked in outdoor by the nucleopore membranes yarn on nucleopore membranes screen window, and the germ of indoor, virus etc. by the micropore on the nucleopore rete of nucleopore membranes yarn with air flow stream to outdoor, the air of indoor and outdoor free flow can reach the effect of ventilation.
Although the present invention is described in conjunction with above embodiment, but the present invention is not defined to above-described embodiment, and only by the restriction of claims, those of ordinary skill in the art can easily modify to it and change, but do not leave essential idea of the present invention and scope.