CN103583925B - A kind of nursery piglet compound feed and preparation method - Google Patents
A kind of nursery piglet compound feed and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of nursery piglet compound feed and preparation method, this feed is made up of following raw material: expanded cereal, expansion dregs of beans, fermented bean dregs, one-level steam fish meal, monose are or/and disaccharide, composite trace element, organic trace element, B B-complex, vegetable oil, Antibiotic Additive, acidulant, enzyme preparation, beneficial bacterium, phytase, sweetener, frankincense, Choline Chloride, stone flour, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, FE-5, threonine, salt, ethoxyquinoline.The present invention adopts expansion processing technology heat treatment cereal and dregs of beans, and starch burn degree raising, protein denaturation, antigenic content reduce, and are equal to elongation piglet digestive, realize the external predigested object of nutritional labeling.The nursery piglet compound feed particle that this processing technology obtains is soft crisp, just melt in the mouth; Child care piglet feed intake is high, easy to digest, growth is fast, sell lover.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of pig starter feed, specifically refers to the production and processing method of a kind of child care piglet intumescent mixed feed and this finished feed, belongs to field of feed.
Background technology
Child care piglet is often referred to from weaned piglet to raising the piglet of terminating this stage at cradling bed.In the professional standard " swine rearing standard " (NT/65-2004) that the Ministry of Agriculture of China promulgates, the lean meat species product boar body weight 8-15kg stage infers it is child care piglet, is child care piglet because not indicating.But in Swine Production practice, the child care feeding piglet stage is often 1 thoughtful body weight 20kg or 30kg after wean.This shows that child care piglet there is no specific divided stages standard.
As everyone knows, after weaned piglet, warp is subject to psychology, physiology, nutrition is triple stress, easy trouble ablactation stress syndrome, intestinal villi atrophy, digestive ferment secretion reduce, immunity function declines, and show as feed intake and to reduce or food refusal, growth slow down, disease of digestive tract is multiple.For alleviating stress of baby pigs caused ablaction syndrome, after wean 1 week, adopt piglet preweaning feed always, but due to creep feed cost high, use nursery piglet compound feed instead after 1 week.
At present, apply nursery piglet compound feed to feed the following problem of piglet ubiquity of child care phase: one, can not be connected very well.High, easy to digest, the good absorbing of the animal protein such as digestible carbohydrate, SDPP content in piglet preweaning feed, price is high, and formulation cost is generally 6000-9000 yuan/ton; And the plant protein feed raw material dosage such as corn homenergic feedstuff, dregs of beans increases greatly in nursery piglet compound feed, formulation cost is reduced to 3000-4000 yuan/ton, nursery piglet compound feed and piglet preweaning feed nutritional quality difference excessive, be connected not smooth.Its two, child care grice diarrhoea rate is high.Due to still strong to the digestion power of macromolecules starch, in dregs of beans, the soybean antigen such as β-companion's globulin is the Major Nutrient anaphylactogen of piglet, easily causes piglet nutrition to suffer from diarrhoea.And, within after weaned piglet about 20 days, be the peak period of harmful bacteria as the bounce-back of Escherichia coli propagation, the pathogenicity of piglet is easily caused to suffer from diarrhoea, add zinc oxide in daily ration and have obvious Antidiarrheic effect, and in No. 1224, the Ministry of Agriculture of China bulletin " feed addictive safe handling specification " in clear stipulaties feed the use of zinc oxide must not to exceed after wean 2 weeks, therefore, piglet cradling phase diarrhoea controls the excessive interpolation antibiotic of normal dependence to solve.Its three, due to above reason, the outward appearances such as child care piglet growth performance and fur are influenced, and at the end of child care, body weight is not up to standard, sells difference.
How to solve nursery piglet compound feed to feed the problems referred to above brought, improving feed digestibility and reducing antigen active then becomes crucial.Comparatively commonly use by the composite enzyme preparation such as amylase and protease, research display is limited to the degraded of macromolecules starch and protein, and 70-80 DEG C of pelleting temperature makes enzyme preparation loss of activity comparatively large, the effect of enzyme fail be effectively played.
Heat treatment feedstuff makes the raising of alphalise starch gelatinization degree, protein denaturation, greatly improves feed digestion absorptivity, destroys soybean antigen active.Heat treatment comprises the expanded and two kinds of modes that expand.At present, in nursery piglet compound feed, often do not add popcorn and swelling soya dreg, or only adding portion popcorn (10-20%), have no and use expansion corn and expansion dregs of beans simultaneously.
Raw material through expanded with swelling heat process after, its nutrition physiology on piglet and the production on feed have different impacts.Comparatively expansion corn alphalise starch gelatinization degree is high for popcorn, although piglet is improved, compared with expansion corn cornstarch digestibility, popcorn volume is large, and unit weight light (420g/L), not easily granulates, whole use popcorn, is also unfavorable for the growth of intestine of young pigs.Expansion corn had both overcome the shortcoming of popcorn, with compared with heat treated conventional corn, was equivalent to again elongate piglet digestive, carried out external predigestion to corn.The heat treatment process of dregs of beans is very rare, commercially available swelling soya dreg also really carries out expanding treatment to dregs of beans, and carrying out swelling heat process to dregs of beans needs consideration to prevent protein generation Maillard reaction (Malard-reaction) and affect the biological value of protein.In addition, still need and will focus on adding and strengthening of the heat-sensitive ingredients such as vitamin.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of child care piglet intumescent mixed feed and preparation method thereof.The present invention is in conjunction with child care piglet physilogical characteristics, with typical corn (cereal)-soybean meal based diets for model, by the processing technology that specifically expands, the corn (cereal) of the whole adding proportion of heat treatment, dregs of beans two kinds of large raw materials, scientific design is filled a prescription, and produces a kind of slaking type mixed feed of applicable child care piglet stage use.This feed can be connected smoothly with piglet preweaning feed, the cereal fragrance that loss is intrinsic, and attractant is strong, just melt in the mouth, and digestive utilization ratio is high, does not need to add zinc oxide, fully ensure that the quick healthy growth of child care piglet.
The invention provides a kind of child care piglet intumescent mixed feed based on above-mentioned purpose, be made up of the raw material of following weight portion:
Described composite trace element is mixed by the raw material of following weight portion:
Described B B-complex is mixed by the raw material of following weight portion:
Described expanded cereal is at least the one in expansion corn, expanding rice, expanded cereal refer to have differ from Condition for expansion high temperature, carry out the expanded loose porous product obtained of wet method under high pressure, its expansion process parameter refers to Examples below 1.
Described monose or polysaccharide are at least the one in glucose, sucrose.
Described vegetable oil is at least the one in soya-bean oil, corn oil.
Described acidulant is mixed by following at least two kinds of compositions: lactic acid, citric acid, malic acid, formic acid.
Described complex enzyme formulation is mixed by following at least two kinds of compositions: acid protease (5000U/g), neutral proteinase (5000U/g), AMS (4000U/g), zytase (liquid fermentation, 10000U/g), cellulase (10000U/g).
Described medicated premix is grouped into by one or more one-tenth following: 10% colistine sulfate pre-mixing agent, 50% olaquindox pre-mixing agent, 15% Chlortetracycline premix, 4% enramycin premix.
Described organic trace element is grouped into by one or more one-tenth following: ferrous glycine (18% iron), glycine zine (23% zinc).
Described phytase is heat-stable phytase, and content is 5000ftu/g.
Described beneficial bacterium is one or more in lactic acid bacteria, bacillus, saccharomyces cerevisiae, and wherein lactic bacteria activity content is not less than 2 × 10
9cfu/g, bacillus active quantities is not less than 2 × 10
10cfu/g, saccharomyces cerevisiae active quantities is not less than 2 × 10
7cfu/g.
The preparation method of described nursery piglet compound feed is undertaken by following processing step:
A, cereal, dregs of beans are pulverized: with vibratory sieve to the process of corn cleaning, filter out impurity, pulverize respectively corn (rice), dregs of beans beater disintegrating machine, maybe the cereal of ratio whole in formula and dregs of beans are together pulverized, smashing fineness is 1.0-2.0 millimeter.
B, processing of expanding: the large material powder decompressor of mixing steps A obtained (EXT155S type, Beijing scientific and technological Development Co., Ltd of modern foreign work machinery) carries out wet expansion process, obtains composite expanded raw material.Wet expansion conditional parameter is set as follows: refining temperature is 80-90 DEG C, steam pressure 0.3-0.5 MPa, and expansion temperature is 100-120 DEG C, and screw speed is 110-130r/min.
C, the large raw material that expands are pulverized again: after the composite expanded raw material obtained by step B is cooled to room temperature, then pulverized, smashing fineness is 1.0-2.0 millimeter, obtains the large material powder that expands.
D, raw material mix: the large material powder of the expansion obtained by step C and fermented bean dregs, one-level steam fish meal, monose and/or disaccharide, vegetable oil, FE-5, threonine, stone flour, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, salt, B B-complex, composite trace element, be compounded with organic microelement, Choline Chloride, phytase, acidulant, enzyme preparation, beneficial bacterium, sweetener, frankincense, ethoxyquinoline, Antibiotic Additive, with double-shaft paddle formula stainless steel mixer mixing 2-3 minute.
E, shaping of granulating: it is modified that the mixed material obtained by step D puts into double-deck quality-adjusting device, and modified Parameter Conditions is set as follows: refining temperature is 60-65 DEG C, and conditioning period is 15-30 second, and steam pressure is 0.2-0.3 MPa.After modified, by compression ratio be 4-5:1, die throat diameter is that the ring film of 2.0-3.0 millimeter makes particle, then enter counterflow cooler and be cooled to particulate material temperature lower than room temperature 4 DEG C, namely obtain graininess finished product.
Described graininess finished product is cylindrical, and its diameter is at 1-5 millimeter, and length is 1-10 millimeter.
In the child care piglet intumescent mixed feed finished product that the present invention obtains, outline nutrient and amino acid content are: digestible energy (DE) 3280-3550kcal/kg, crude protein (CP) 18-20%, coarse ash (CA) 3.5-5.5%, crude fibre (CF) 1.5-3.5%, crude fat (EE) 2.5-6.0%, calcium (Ca) 0.5-0.9%, total phosphorus (TP) 0.4-0.7%, salinity (NaCl) 0.4-0.9%, total lysine (Lys) 1.0-1.5%, total sulfur-containing amino acid (TSAA) 0.5-0.8%, total threonine (Thr) 0.7-1.0%, total Try (Trp) 0.2-0.3%.
The using method of the child care piglet intumescent compound feed products that the present invention obtains is: take the mode of directly throwing in, without the need to additionally adding any composition; Do not limit food; Can dry feeding also can slop feeding, during slop feeding, throw in again after this product is mixed 2-4 minute with water according to the weight ratio of 1:3-4; Within 1 week, feed to pig weight 20kg or 30kg after wean.
Compared with prior art, the present invention reaches following beneficial effect:
(1) the present invention adopt cereal (corn, rice) and dregs of beans all through expansion process, but not prior art adopt only to partial grains heat treatment, non-prior art adopt to dregs of beans, heat treated mode is not adopted to expanding treatment, also non-prior art that partial grains carries out, be equivalent to all large raw materials all through maturation process, also piglet digestive is equivalent to elongate, or to be equivalent to large raw material, through external predigestion process, the digestibility 5-14% of child care piglet to nutriment can be improved.
(2) the present invention's corn alphalise starch gelatinization degree that expands brings up to 40-70% by 15% of the conventional corn that do not expand; The protein solubility (PS) of expansion dregs of beans drops to 83-75% by 85% of the dregs of beans that do not expand.The curing degree of feed is high, and the suitable sex change of protein, antigenic content reduces greatly.
(3) child care piglet intumescent mixed feed of the present invention is processed because of the slaking of cereal, its intrinsic cereal fragrance loss, the phagostimulant such as sugar, sweetener, flavouring agent that compatibility adds, and attractant is good, on average improves piglet feed intake 5-18%.
(4) nursery piglet compound feed just melt in the mouth of the present invention, at room temperature 20 DEG C, 1-5 kind second is solubilized in water, and common child care pig starter feed needs at least 15 seconds kind ability water-soluble.Be convenient to piglet and smoothly transit to from creep feed of searching for food child care material of searching for food, be connected.
(5) nursery piglet compound feed of the present invention has low antigen, high slaking feature, helping with effects such as the adjustment gastrointestinal bacterial flora balances of antibacterial, the beneficial bacterium of acidulant, therefore effectively can prevent and treat grice diarrhoea without the need to adding zinc oxide.
(6) each raw material of the present invention matches and preparation process and controling parameters interact, and forms a complete technical scheme.Child care piglet easily suitable for reading, search for food many, fur good, 70 age in days child care pig weight meet or exceed weight standard, are 60-65 jin.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a kind of nursery piglet compound feed that the present embodiment provides, is made up of the raw material of following weight portion:
Expansion corn 623 parts, expansion dregs of beans 200 parts, fermented bean dregs 45 parts, one-level steam fish meal 30 parts, glucose 20 parts, sucrose 20 parts, 25 parts, soya-bean oil, acidulant 7 parts, enzyme preparation 0.4 part, composite trace element 2.5 parts, B B-complex 0.4 part, Antibiotic Additive 0.9 part, phytase 0.1 part, beneficial bacterium 0.3 part, sweetener 0.4 part, 50% Choline Chloride 1.0 parts, agstone (38% calcium) 6.7 parts, calcium monohydrogen phosphate (16.5% phosphorus) 9 parts, FE-5 3.5 parts, threonine 0.7 part, frankincense 0.4 part, ferrous glycine (18% iron) 0.1 part, glycine zine (23% zinc) 0.1 part, salt 3.0 parts, ethoxyquinoline (30%) 0.5 part.
Described composite trace element is mixed by the raw material of following weight portion:
Ferrous sulfate monohydrate (30% iron) 220 parts, cupric sulfate pentahydrate (25% bronze medal) 280 parts, monohydrate zinc sulphate (35% zinc) 130 parts, manganese sulfate monohydrate (32% manganese) 45 parts, a water sodium selenite (1% selenium) 20 parts, calcium iodate (1% iodine) 15 parts, CoCL2 6H2O (1% cobalt) 25 parts, zeolite powder 265 parts.
Described B B-complex is mixed by the raw material of following weight portion:
Retinyl acetate (500,000 IU/g) 60 parts, vitamine D3 (500,000 IU/g) 10 parts, vitamin E (50%) 160 part, menadione sodium bisulfite (50%) 9 part, thiamine hydrochloride (98%) 9 part, (80%) 23 part, riboflavin, puridoxine hydrochloride (98%) 10 part, vitamin B12 (1%) 8 part, D-VB5 calcium (92%) 45 part, niacinamide (99%) 80 part, (98%) 2.5 part, folic acid, D-bionic acid (2%) 22 part, ethoxyquinoline (30%) 1 part, powdered rice hulls 560.5 parts.
Described expansion corn, expansion dregs of beans are undertaken by aforesaid preparation method.
Described glucose, sucrose share, and glucose is monose, absorb fast, can provide energy rapidly, resisting stress; Sucrose is disaccharide, pure in mouth feel, and sugariness is high, promotes piglet food calling.Monose and disaccharide share, and effect superposes.
Described soya-bean oil, source is easy to get, and digestible energy value is high, is 8750kcal/kg.
Described acidulant is mixed by following composition: lactic acid 25 parts, citric acid 30 parts, 30 parts, formic acid, white carbon (more than 200 orders) 15 parts.Wherein, the acid that Pfansteihl and lactose metabolism produce is homology acid, plays similar whey powder; Formic acid is Small molecular acid, has powerful to penetrate microorganism wall ability, but it is particularly remarkable to kill pathogen effect; Citric acid can participate in tricarboxylic acid cycle directly, namely has acidifying, can discharge ATP fast again, production capacity energy supply.
Described complex enzyme formulation is mixed by following composition: neutral proteinase (5000U/g) 20 parts, AMS (4000U/g) 25 parts, zytase (liquid fermentation, 10000U/g) 35 parts, cellulase (10000U/g) 20 parts.Wherein, AMS, neutral proteinase supplement and strengthen the degraded of piglet to raw starch and protein, and zytase eliminates ANFs xylan, cellulase cracking plant cell wall.
Described Antibiotic Additive is mixed by following composition: 10% colistine sulfate pre-mixing agent 20 parts, 50% olaquindox pre-mixing agent 20 parts, 50 parts, 15% aureomycin, powdered rice hulls 10 parts.Disease-resistant growth-promoting.
Affiliated beneficial bacterium forms by following bacterial strain is composite: lactic acid bacteria (2 × 10
9cfu/g) 30 parts, bacillus (2 × 10
10cfu/g) 45 parts, saccharomyces cerevisiae (2 × 10
7cfu/g) 15 parts, powdered rice hulls 10 parts.
The preparation method of described nursery piglet compound feed is undertaken by following processing step:
A, corn, dregs of beans are pulverized: with vibratory sieve cleaning corn, and the corn of 623 parts of removal of impurities and 200 parts of dehulled soybean meals (46% protein) are pulverized with beater disintegrating machine respectively, grinding screen plate aperture is 2.0 millimeters.Then mixer mixing is sent into.
B, processing of expanding: by corn that steps A obtains, dregs of beans mix powder decompressor (EXT155S type, Beijing scientific and technological Development Co., Ltd of modern foreign work machinery) wet expansion processing, obtain expansion corn-soybean meal mixed material.Wet expansion conditional parameter is set as follows: refining temperature is 85 DEG C, steam pressure 0.4 MPa, and expansion temperature is 110 DEG C, and screw speed is 110r/min.
Pulverizing again of C, expansion corn expansion dregs of beans mixture: after the composite expanded raw material obtained by step B is cooled to room temperature, then pulverized, smashing fineness is 1.2 millimeters.
D, all raw material mixing: the expanded mix powder obtained by step C and fermented bean dregs, one-level steam fish meal, glucose, sucrose, soya-bean oil, FE-5, threonine, stone flour, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, salt, B B-complex, composite trace element, ferrous glycine, glycine zine, Choline Chloride, phytase, acidulant, enzyme preparation, sweetener, frankincense, ethoxyquinoline, Antibiotic Additive, mix 2 minutes with double-shaft paddle formula stainless steel mixer.
E, shaping of granulating: it is modified that the mixed material obtained by step D puts into double-deck quality-adjusting device, and modified Parameter Conditions is set as follows: refining temperature is 62 DEG C, and conditioning period is 20 seconds, and steam pressure is 0.25 MPa.After modified, by compression ratio be 4:1, die throat diameter is that the ring film of 2.5 millimeters makes particle, then enter counterflow cooler and be cooled to particulate material temperature lower than room temperature 4 DEG C, namely obtain graininess finished product.
Described graininess finished product is cylindrical, and its diameter is at 2.5 millimeters, and length is 6 millimeters.
In the child care piglet intumescent mixed feed finished product that the present invention obtains, outline nutrient and amino acid content are: digestible energy (DE) 3513kcal/kg, crude protein (CP) 19.2%, coarse ash (CA) 4.3%, crude fibre (CF) 2.4%, crude fat (EE) 4.1%, calcium (Ca) 0.71%, total phosphorus (TP) 0.59%, salinity (NaCl) 0.46%, total lysine (Lys) 1.30%, total sulfur-containing amino acid (TSAA) 0.64%, total threonine (Thr) 0.81%, total Try (Trp) 0.23%.
Embodiment 2
The nursery piglet compound feed that the present embodiment provides, is made up of the raw material of following weight portion:
Expansion corn 536 parts, expanding rice 100 parts, expansion dregs of beans 210 parts, fermented bean dregs 60 parts, sucrose 30 parts, 25 parts, soya-bean oil, acidulant 7 parts, enzyme preparation 0.4 part, composite trace element 2.5 parts, B B-complex 0.5 part, Antibiotic Additive 0.6 part, phytase 0.1 part, beneficial bacterium 0.4 part, sweetener 0.4 part, 50% Choline Chloride 1.2 parts, stone flour (38% calcium) 7.5 parts, calcium monohydrogen phosphate (16.5% phosphorus) 9.3 parts, FE-5 3.8 parts, threonine 1.0 parts, frankincense 0.4 part, ferrous glycine (18% iron) 0.2 part, glycine zine (23% zinc) 0.2 part, salt 3.0 parts and ethoxyquinoline (30%) 0.5 part.
Described composite trace element is mixed by the raw material of following weight portion:
Ferrous sulfate monohydrate (30% iron) 200 parts, cupric sulfate pentahydrate (25% bronze medal) 270 parts, monohydrate zinc sulphate (35% zinc) 120 parts, manganese sulfate monohydrate (32% manganese) 40 parts, a water sodium selenite (1% selenium) 20 parts, calcium iodate (1% iodine) 15 parts, CoCL2 6H2O (1% cobalt) 25 parts and zeolite powder 310 parts.
Described B B-complex is mixed by the raw material of following weight portion:
Retinyl acetate (500,000 IU/g) 55 parts, vitamine D3 (500,000 IU/g) 8 parts, vitamin E (50%) 190 part, menadione sodium bisulfite (50%) 8 part, thiamine hydrochloride (98%) 10 part, (80%) 25 part, riboflavin, puridoxine hydrochloride (98%) 10 part, vitamin B12 (1%) 8 part, D-VB5 calcium (92%) 40 part, niacinamide (99%) 75 part, (98%) 3 part, folic acid, D-bionic acid (2%) 25 part, ethoxyquinoline (30%) 1 part and powdered rice hulls 542 parts.
Described expansion corn, expanding rice, expansion dregs of beans are undertaken by the preparation method that this provision is attached.
Described acidulant is mixed by following composition: lactic acid 25 parts, citric acid 40 parts, malic acid 20 parts, white carbon (more than 200 orders) 15 parts.Compared with embodiment 1, instead of formic acid with malic acid, be because formic acid acidity is comparatively strong, there is certain corrosivity; Add Citric Acid Dosage in addition.
Described complex enzyme formulation is mixed by following composition: neutral proteinase (5000U/g) 15 parts, acid protease (5000U/g) 10 parts, AMS (4000U/g) 25 parts, zytase (liquid fermentation, 10000U/g) 30 parts, cellulase (10000U/g) 20 parts.Compared with embodiment 1, add acid protease, total protease content improves, and because eliminating animal protein fish meal in formula, and adds the consumption of phytoprotein.
Described Antibiotic Additive is mixed by following composition: 10% colistine sulfate pre-mixing agent 30 parts, 50% olaquindox pre-mixing agent 30 parts, 4% enramycin 30 parts, powdered rice hulls 10 parts.Compared with embodiment 1, enramycin is used to substitute aureomycin.
Affiliated beneficial bacterium is identical with embodiment 1, but adds consumption.
The preparation method of described nursery piglet compound feed is undertaken by following processing step:
A, corn, rice, dregs of beans are pulverized: the corn of 536 parts of removal of impurities, 100 portions of rice and 210 parts of dehulled soybean meals (46% protein) are pulverized with beater disintegrating machine respectively, grinding screen plate aperture is 1.5 millimeters.Then mixer mixing is sent into.
B, processing of expanding: by corn that steps A obtains, rice, dregs of beans mix powder decompressor (EXT155S type, Beijing scientific and technological Development Co., Ltd of modern foreign work machinery) wet expansion processing, obtain expansion corn, rice, dregs of beans mixed material.Wet expansion conditional parameter is set as follows: refining temperature is 90 DEG C, steam pressure 0.5 MPa, and expansion temperature is 120 DEG C, and screw speed is 115r/min.
Pulverizing again of C, expansion corn, expanding rice, expansion dregs of beans mixture: after the composite expanded raw material obtained by step B is cooled to room temperature, then pulverized, smashing fineness is 1.2 millimeters.
D, all raw material mixing: the expanded mix powder obtained by step C and fermented bean dregs, sucrose, soya-bean oil, FE-5, threonine, stone flour, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, salt, B B-complex, composite trace element, Choline Chloride, phytase, acidulant, enzyme preparation, sweetener, frankincense, ethoxyquinoline, Antibiotic Additive, mix 2.5 minutes with double-shaft paddle formula stainless steel mixer.
E, shaping of granulating: it is modified that the mixed material obtained by step D puts into double-deck quality-adjusting device, and modified Parameter Conditions is set as follows: refining temperature is 65 DEG C, and conditioning period is 25 seconds, and steam pressure is 0.3 MPa; After modified, by compression ratio be 4:1, die throat diameter is that the ring film of 3.0 millimeters makes particle, then enter counterflow cooler and be cooled to particulate material temperature lower than room temperature 4 DEG C, namely obtain graininess finished product.
Described graininess finished product is cylindrical, and its diameter is at 3.0 millimeters, and length is 7 millimeters.
In the child care piglet intumescent mixed feed finished product that the present invention obtains, outline nutrient and amino acid content are: digestible energy (DE) 3492kcal/kg, crude protein (CP) 19.1%, coarse ash (CA) 3.9%, crude fibre (CF) 2.6%, crude fat (EE) 3.8%, calcium (Ca) 0.70%, total phosphorus (TP) 0.58%, salinity (NaCl) 0.44%, total lysine (Lys) 1.29%, total sulfur-containing amino acid (TSAA) 0.62%, total threonine (Thr) 0.80%, total Try (Trp) 0.22%.
Embodiment 3
The nursery piglet compound feed that the present embodiment provides, is made up of the raw material of following weight portion:
Expansion corn 622.5 parts, expansion dregs of beans 230 parts, fermented bean dregs 30 parts, one-level steam fish meal 25 parts, glucose 30 parts, corn oil 25 parts, acidulant 7 parts, enzyme preparation 0.4 part, composite trace element 2.5 parts, B B-complex 0.6 part, Antibiotic Additive 0.6 part, phytase 0.1 part, beneficial bacterium 0.4 part, sweetener 0.4 part, 50% Choline Chloride 1.0 parts, agstone (38% calcium) 7.0 parts, calcium monohydrogen phosphate (16.5% phosphorus) 9.0 parts, FE-5 3.7 parts, threonine 0.8 part, frankincense 0.4 part, ferrous glycine (18% iron) 0.1 part, salt 3.0 parts, ethoxyquinoline (30%) 0.5 part.
Described composite trace element is mixed by the raw material of following weight portion:
Ferrous sulfate monohydrate (30% iron) 230 parts, cupric sulfate pentahydrate (25% bronze medal) 270 parts, monohydrate zinc sulphate (35% zinc) 140 parts, manganese sulfate monohydrate (32% manganese) 45 parts, a water sodium selenite (1% selenium) 20 parts, calcium iodate (1% iodine) 20 parts, CoCL2 6H2O (1% cobalt) 30 parts, zeolite powder 245 parts.
Described B B-complex is mixed by the raw material of following weight portion:
Retinyl acetate (500,000 IU/g) 50 parts, vitamine D3 (500,000 IU/g) 8 parts, vitamin E (50%) 180 part, menadione sodium bisulfite (50%) 7 part, thiamine hydrochloride (98%) 10 part, (80%) 25 part, riboflavin, puridoxine hydrochloride (98%) 10 part, vitamin B12 (1%) 8 part, D-VB5 calcium (92%) 40 part, niacinamide (99%) 70 part, (98%) 2.5 part, folic acid, D-bionic acid (2%) 25 part, ethoxyquinoline (30%) 1 part, powdered rice hulls 563.5 parts.
Described expansion corn, expansion dregs of beans are undertaken by the preparation method that this provision is attached.
Described acidulant is identical with embodiment 1.
Described complex enzyme formulation is identical with embodiment 2.
Described Antibiotic Additive is identical with embodiment 2.
Affiliated beneficial bacterium is identical with embodiment 2.
The preparation method of described nursery piglet compound feed is undertaken by following processing step:
A, corn, dregs of beans are pulverized: by the corn of 622.5 parts of removal of impurities and 220 parts of dehulled soybean meal (46% protein) mixing, pulverize with beater disintegrating machine, grinding screen plate aperture is 2.0 millimeters.
B, processing of expanding: by corn that steps A obtains, dregs of beans mix powder decompressor (EXT155S type, Beijing scientific and technological Development Co., Ltd of modern foreign work machinery) wet expansion processing, obtain expansion corn-soybean meal mixed material.Wet expansion conditional parameter is set as follows: refining temperature is 90 DEG C, steam pressure 0.5 MPa, and expansion temperature is 100 DEG C, and screw speed is 110r/min.
Pulverizing again of C, expansion corn, expansion dregs of beans mixture: after the composite expanded raw material obtained by step B is cooled to room temperature, then pulverized, smashing fineness is 1.5 millimeters.
D, all raw material mixing: the expanded mix powder obtained by step C and fermented bean dregs, one-level steam fish meal, glucose, corn oil, FE-5, threonine, stone flour, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, salt, B B-complex, composite trace element, ferrous glycine (18% iron), Choline Chloride, phytase, acidulant, enzyme preparation, sweetener, frankincense, ethoxyquinoline, Antibiotic Additive, mix 2.5 minutes with double-shaft paddle formula stainless steel mixer.
E, shaping of granulating: it is modified that the mixed material obtained by step D puts into double-deck quality-adjusting device, and modified Parameter Conditions is set as follows: refining temperature is 65 DEG C, and conditioning period is 30 seconds, and steam pressure is 0.3 MPa.After modified, by compression ratio be 4:1, die throat diameter is that the ring film of 3.0 millimeters makes particle, then enter counterflow cooler and be cooled to particulate material temperature lower than room temperature 4 DEG C, namely obtain graininess finished product.
Described graininess finished product is cylindrical, and its diameter is at 3.0 millimeters, and length is 7 millimeters.
In the child care piglet intumescent mixed feed finished product that the present invention obtains, outline nutrient and amino acid content are: digestible energy (DE) 3510kcal/kg, crude protein (CP) 19.5%, coarse ash (CA) 4.2%, crude fibre (CF) 2.5%, crude fat (EE) 4.0%, calcium (Ca) 0.71%, total phosphorus (TP) 0.61%, salinity (NaCl) 0.46%, total lysine (Lys) 1.32%, total sulfur-containing amino acid (TSAA) 0.65%, total threonine (Thr) 1.0%, total Try (Trp) 0.24%.
Embodiment 4
Under embodiment 1 product be classified as obtained by the present invention compare the feeding experiment result of other products.
1, experimental animal and grouping
Select that age birthday is close, body condition is similar, health is anosis, the state of mind is good, Du × length of 35 ages in days × large child care piglet (28 ages in days wean) 60, be divided into a control group C and test group E2 group at random, often organize 3 repetitions, often repeat 10, often repeating is 1 circle.
2, experimental design and daily ration
Test group E feeds the obtained nursery piglet compound feed of embodiment 1, and all corns and dregs of beans are all through expansion process, and its ration formulation and outline nutrient content are shown in embodiment 1.In the corn-soybean meal basal diet that control group C feeds, except corn and dregs of beans are without except expansion processing process, other is identical with test group E.Carry out the feeding experiment of 4 weeks by a definite date, start to 63 ages in days from 35 ages in days.
3, child care feeding piglet management
After entering formal test, piglet feeding every day 3 times, respectively at morning 6:00, noon 12:00 and afternoon 5:30 carry out; Piglet freely drinks water, and carries out ventilation in daily house.Piglet adopts column home to raise, and carries out the instruction work of piglet, and training pig, to fixing place food drinking-water and defecation, cleans a pigsty twice every day, routine immunization, every day by special messenger observe the searching for food of pig, movable, suffer from diarrhoea, death condition and the state of mind etc.
4, index determining
(1) daily gain, feed intake and feed-weight ratio: weigh on an empty stomach respectively at 8:00 in morning when on-test and off-test; Ramming material is carried out, statistics feed intake while weighing; Calculate average daily gain and the feed-weight ratio of experimental period child care piglet.
(2) nutriment excrement apparent digestibility measures: first 3 days of off-test, and before every morning feeding, under pig on an empty stomach condition, for three days on end, all collect the fresh excreta that pork chop goes out, be put in polybag, sealing, deposits in 4 DEG C of refrigerators temporarily; For preventing the loss of nitrogen, add 10% sulfuric acid solution with fixed nitrogen.Then ight soil is mixed, be placed in 65 DEG C of drying in oven, take out the 24h that at room temperature gets damp again and make air-dry sample.By air-dry sample through pulverizing, being sealed in-20 DEG C of refrigerators and preserving.Adopt permanganimetric method, vanadium molybdenum blue colorimetric method, Kjeldahl's method, Soxhlet to measure fatty method respectively, method for quantitatively determining measures excrement calcium in sample, phosphorus, thick protein, crude fat, coarse-fibred content; Adopt Cr2O3 external source indicator method, measure and calculate above-mentioned nutritive digestibility.
(3) fur scoring
Respectively at on-test, the 1st, 2,3,4 weekends, by 5 people, coat condition is carried out to child care piglet and marks, calculate average score value.Fur standards of grading are in table 1.
Table 1 coat appearance standards of grading
4, data processing
Test data adopts SPSS10.0 statistical software to add up, and compare the monofactorial process of FA of average, the significance level of difference is P<0.05, and the difference pole level of signifiance is P<0.01.
5, result of the test
(1) production performance: intumescent corn-soybean meal diet on the impact of child care weaned piglets in table 2.
Table 2 expands the impact of corn-soybean meal diet on child care weaned piglets
Note: show significant difference (P < 0.05) with the different lowercase alphabet of a line shoulder mark; Take on the female difference of marking-up with a line and have one to be that capitalization represents that difference extremely significantly (P < 0.01), following table is same.
As shown in Table 2, compared with control group C, test group E child care piglet average daily gain (ADG) of intumescent mixed feed of feeding improves 7.5%, significant difference (P<0.05); Average daily ingestion amount (ADFI) significantly improves 6.9%(P<0.05); Feed-weight ratio reduces 0.54%(P>0.05).
(2) nutritive digestibility: intumescent corn-soybean meal diet affects Jian Biao 3(unit to child care piglet nutrition composition excrement apparent digestibility: %).
Table 3 expands the impact of corn-soybean meal diet on child care piglet nutrition composition digestibility
As shown in Table 3, compared with control group C, test group E child care piglet thick protein (CP) digestibility of intumescent mixed feed of feeding improves 7.13%, significant difference (P<0.05); Crude fat (CL) digestibility improves 8.56%, and difference extremely significantly (P<0.01); Crude fibre (CF) digestibility significantly improves 7.57%(P<0.05).Two groups of calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P) digestibilities do not have significantly different (P>0.05).
(3) fur scoring: intumescent corn-soybean meal diet on the impact of child care piglet skin and hair color in table 4,5.
Table 4 expands the impact of corn-soybean meal diet on child care piglet skin scores
As shown in Table 4, compared with control group C, the test group E child care piglets 1-4 week skin average score value of intumescent mixed feed of feeding improves 6.77%, and display skin redness has larger improvement.
Table 5 expands the impact that corn-soybean meal diet is marked by hair on child care piglet
As shown in Table 5, compared with control group C, the test group E child care piglets 1-4 periderm hair average score value of intumescent mixed feed of feeding improves 2.01%, shows by hair compared with gloss, submissive.
6, conclusion (of pressure testing)
Corn, dregs of beans are after expansion process, and child care piglet feed intake and daily gain significantly improve, and obviously improve thick protein and crude fiber digestibility, extremely significantly improve crude fat digestibility, skin is ruddy, glossy by hair, show good growth performance, appearance is good.
Claims (8)
1. a nursery piglet compound feed, formulated by the raw material of following weight portion:
Expanded cereal 550-650 part, expansion dregs of beans 140-220 part, fermented bean dregs 30-80 part, steam fish meal 20-50 part, monose is or/and disaccharide 20-80 part, vegetable oil 5.0-30 part, acidulant 3.0-10 part, enzyme preparation 0.2-0.5 part, composite trace element 2.3-2.5 part, B B-complex 0.35-0.6 part, Antibiotic Additive 0.2-1.0 part, be compounded with organic microelement 0.1-0.5 part, Choline Chloride 1.0-1.2 part, phytase 0.1-0.15 part, beneficial bacterium 0.1-0.8 part, salt 2.0-3.5 part, stone flour 6.5-7.5 part, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 8.5-10 part, FE-5 3.0-4.5 part, threonine 0.6-1.5 part, frankincense 0.3-0.6 part, sweetener 0.2-0.5 part and ethoxyquinoline 0.3-0.5 part,
It is characterized in that, described composite trace element is formulated by the raw material of following weight portion:
Ferrous sulfate monohydrate 150-280 part, cupric sulfate pentahydrate 100-300 part, monohydrate zinc sulphate 90-150 part, manganese sulfate monohydrate 25-50 part, a water sodium selenite 12-20 part, calcium iodate 8-20 part, CoCL2 6H2O 5-50 part and zeolite powder 610-130 part;
Described B B-complex is formulated by the raw material of following weight portion:
Retinyl acetate 40-70 part, vitamine D3 5-12 part, vitamin e1 00-250 part, menadione sodium bisulfite 5-11 part, thiamine hydrochloride 5-12 part, riboflavin 15-28 part, puridoxine hydrochloride 5-15 part, vitamin B12 5-12 part, D-VB5 calcium 30-55 part, niacinamide 60-120 part, folic acid 1-4 part, D-bionic acid 15-28 part, ethoxyquinoline 1 part and powdered rice hulls 713-382 part;
Described beneficial bacterium is one or more in lactic acid bacteria, bacillus, saccharomyces cerevisiae, and wherein lactic bacteria activity content is not less than 2 × 10
9cfu/g, bacillus active quantities is not less than 2 × 10
10cfu/g, saccharomyces cerevisiae active quantities is not less than 2 × 10
7cfu/g.
2. nursery piglet compound feed according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described expanded cereal is one or both in expansion corn and expanding rice.
3. nursery piglet compound feed according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described monose or disaccharide are one or both in dextrose plus saccharose.
4. nursery piglet compound feed according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described acidulant is mixed by following at least two kinds of compositions: lactic acid, citric acid, malic acid and formic acid.
5. nursery piglet compound feed according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described enzyme preparation is mixed by following at least two kinds of compositions: acid protease, neutral proteinase, AMS, zytase and cellulase.
6. nursery piglet compound feed according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described Antibiotic Additive is grouped into by one or more one-tenth following: 10% colistine sulfate pre-mixing agent, 50% olaquindox pre-mixing agent, 15% Chlortetracycline premix and 4% enramycin premix.
7. nursery piglet compound feed according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described in be compounded with organic microelement and be grouped into by one or both one-tenth following: ferrous glycine and glycine zine.
8. prepare a method for the nursery piglet compound feed as described in any one of claim 1-7, it is characterized in that, comprise following processing step:
The processing of A, expanded cereal, expansion dregs of beans: after taking in the ratio in claim 1 through the corn of removal of impurities, rice and dregs of beans, pulverizes with 1.0-2.0mm sieve pulverizer respectively; Mixer mixing is all sent into after pulverizing; Then carry out wet expansion process with decompressor, obtain composite expanded raw material, then carry out separating twice with 1.0-2.0mm sieve pulverizer; Described wet expansion conditional parameter is set as follows: refining temperature 80-90 DEG C, steam pressure 0.3-0.5 MPa, expansion temperature 100-120 DEG C, screw speed 110-130r/min;
B, raw material mix: expansion material powder steps A obtained and other raw material, drop into mixing in double-shaft paddle formula stainless steel mixer;
C, shaping of granulating: the mixed material obtained by step B drops in double-deck quality-adjusting device modified, and modified Parameter Conditions is set as: refining temperature is 60-65 DEG C, and conditioning period is 15-30 second, and steam pressure is 0.2-0.3 MPa; After modified, by compression ratio be 4-5:1, die throat diameter is that the ring film of 2.0-3.0 millimeter makes particle, then enter counterflow cooler and be cooled to particulate material temperature lower than room temperature 4 DEG C, namely obtain graininess finished product.
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| CN109997962A (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2019-07-12 | 河北省畜牧良种工作站(河北省种畜禽质量监测站） | Child care material and its preparation method and application |
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