CN103575408B - Coherent light detection system and method for optical fiber delay line phase control - Google Patents
Coherent light detection system and method for optical fiber delay line phase control Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a coherent light detection system and method for optical fiber delay line phase control. The output end of an optical fiber laser device is connected with the input end of an optical fiber branching unit. A first output end of the optical fiber branching unit is connected with an input end of a modulator. The other input end of the modulator is connected with an external RF signal generator. The output end of the modulator is connected with an input end of an optical fiber combiner. A second output end of the optical fiber branching unit is connected with the other input end of the optical fiber combiner. An optical fiber delay line is connected in series between the output end of the modulator and an input end of the optical fiber combiner, or the optical fiber delay line is connected in series between the second output end of the optical fiber branching unit and the other input end of the optical fiber combiner. The output end of the optical fiber combiner is connected with the input end of a photoelectric detector. According to the coherent light detection system and method for optical fiber delay line phase control, phase control can be achieved through the optical fiber delay line, and phase difference between reference light and a signal light branch is compensated, so that receiving sensitivity, the signal to noise ratio and system output stability are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to optical communication field, and in particular to a kind of relevant optical detection system of fibre delay line phase controlling and
Method.
Background technology
Laser and optical fiber technology are developed rapidly so that coherent light communication realizes leap important again, not only logical in light
Letter field is widely used, and such as senses in other field, signal transacting also has very wide application.Due to good filtering
The advantages such as performance, band efficiency height, receiving sensitivity height so as to become and meet communication terminal high request, solve optic communication bottleneck
Effective means.Relevant optical detection system（Referring to Fig. 1）Its output signal meets：
The condition that the formula is set up is that flashlight must keep identical frequency with the wavefront of reference light on whole detector photosurface
And phase relation.By detection mode, relevant optical detection system can be divided into zero-difference detection and heterodyne detection.When flashlight and reference light
Frequency, i.e. ωs-ωLWhen ≠ 0, referred to as heterodyne detection；As both equal, i.e. ωs-ωLWhen=0, referred to as homodyne is visited
Survey.The detectivity of homodyne 3dB higher than heterodyne, and laser is for homologous, laser characteristics parameter and optical match are easy to control, no
Meet the necessary condition that relevant optical detection output signal formula is set up by being, or in order to using more efficient easy homodyne
Detection, phase place is consistent for the realization of relevant optical detection and the lifting of performance are all served between holding flashlight and reference light
Vital effect.But there is light path difference during conventional laser communication signal transmissions, will inevitably
Certain phase place change is introduced, in the case that laser frequency is consistent, final result of detection is by depending on the change of phase place.With
Two ways of optical signals phase difference to change between 0～2 π, coherent detection output signal can produce fluctuation, the reception of system is sensitive
The parameters such as the stability of degree, signal to noise ratio and output signal will be influenced to different extents.How to enter the control of line phase, become
The key that signal transmission is received.Due to the very high frequency of light, its specific phase place cannot precise control, and pass through phase place and time
Mapping relations, phase controlling is substituted using transmission time control relatively easy much.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to provide a kind of relevant optical detection system of fibre delay line phase controlling
And method, it can compensate the phase difference between reference light and flashlight branch road to improve receiving sensitivity, letter by controlling phase place
Make an uproar when system output stability.
To solve the above problems, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：
The relevant optical detection system of fibre delay line phase controlling, mainly by optical fiber laser, optical fiber splitter, modulation
Device, fibre delay line, optical fiber combiner and photodetector composition；The wherein output end of optical fiber laser and optical fiber splitter
Input is connected；First output end of optical fiber splitter connects an input of modulator, another input of the modulator
Hold and be connected with outside RF signal generators, the output end of the modulator connects an input of optical fiber combiner；Optical fiber point
Second output end of road device connects another input of optical fiber combiner；Fibre delay line be serially connected in modulator output end and
Between one input of optical fiber combiner or fibre delay line is serially connected in the second output end and the optical fiber combining of optical fiber splitter
Between another input of device；The output end of optical fiber combiner connects the input of photodetector.
In order to adjust two tributary signal luminous powers, to select suitable splitting ratio, optical fiber splitter described in said system
In first output end and it is connected to attenuator in the second output end.
In said system, frequency is the single-frequency laser of 1550nm centered on the optical fiber laser.
In said system, the optical fiber combiner is polarization-maintaining fiber coupler.
In said system, spectrum analyzer and oscillograph are further connected with the output end of the photodetector.
The coherent light detection method of the fibre delay line phase controlling realized based on above-mentioned detection system, following steps：
（1）Optical fiber laser produces continuous laser beam；
（2）The laser beam that optical fiber laser is produced is divided into two-way by optical fiber splitter, that is, in forming relevant optical detection
Flashlight and reference light；
（3）The laser beam of flashlight branch road interacts in the modulator with the radiofrequency signal of outside input, realizes letter
The loading of breath；
（4）The laser beam of flashlight branch road load information, incoming fiber optic delay line postpones to the road signal, right
The transmission light path of signal is controlled, so as to realize the control and compensation to phase place, with reference to the light phase of reference light branch road, to obtain
The phase difference of suitable optimal detection, improves relevant mixing efficiency and receiving sensitivity；
Or the laser beam of reference light branch road, incoming fiber optic delay line postpones to the road signal, the transmission to signal
Light path is controlled, so as to realize the control and compensation to phase place, the light phase of contrast signal light branch road, to obtain being adapted to optimal spy
The phase difference of survey, improves relevant mixing efficiency and receiving sensitivity；
（5）Obtain two branch road optical signals of certain phase difference carries out relevant mixing into optical fiber combiner；
（6）Photodetector enters traveling optical signal to the signal after mixing to the conversion of electric signal.
Said method still further comprises the laser of the first output end to optical fiber splitter and/or the output of the second output end
The step of signal is decayed.
Said method is still further comprised to be carried out using spectrum analyzer to the radiofrequency signal frequency domain that photodetector is exported
The step of tracking measurement and the step of shown to the radiofrequency signal waveform that photodetector is exported using oscillograph.
In said method, frequency is the single-frequency laser of 1550nm centered on the optical fiber laser.
In said method, the optical fiber combiner is polarization-maintaining fiber coupler.
Compared with prior art, the present invention adopts external modulation method, and signal modulation is realized in Laser emission light path, reduces
Many unfavorable factors that laserresonator instantaneous process brings, it is ensured that the frequency stability of laser instrument, are conducive to improving modulation speed
Rate, increase transmission range, while being easy to the process of phase controlling.And two paths of signals is closed using polarization-maintaining fiber coupler
Road is mixed, and the polarization state for making two paths of signals is consistent, and is conducive to reducing the output signal fluctuating that polarization fluctuation brings.This is,
One of core improvement of the present invention is to carry out phase controlling using fibre delay line in relevant optical detection system, improves biography
The randomness of mixed frequency signal phase difference, greatly improves coherent detection signal output in coherent detection system of the system without phase controlling
Certainty, it may be difficult to the phase transition of precise control is time control, transmits light path by Regulate signal and prolongs controlling phase place
Late, compensation inevitable phase place change, phase difference between fine adjustment signal light and reference light in transmitting procedure, mixes participation
The two ways of optical signals of frequency meets certain phase relation, is conducive to improving mixing efficiency and detectivity, improves coherent light
The performance of detection, strengthens its using value in fiber optic communication.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is coherent light detection principle figure；
Fig. 2 is a kind of relevant optical detection system schematic diagram of fibre delay line phase controlling；
Fig. 3 is the relevant optical detection system schematic diagram of another kind of fibre delay line phase controlling.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1：
A kind of relevant optical detection system of fibre delay line phase controlling is as shown in Fig. 2 it is mainly by optical fiber laser, light
Fine shunt, modulator, fibre delay line, polarization-maintaining fiber coupler and photodetector composition.Wherein optical fiber laser is defeated
Go out end to be connected with the input of optical fiber splitter.First output end of optical fiber splitter connects an input of modulator, should
Another input of modulator is connected with the RF signal generators of outside, the output end Jing fibre delay line connection of the modulator
One input of polarization-maintaining fiber coupler.Second output end of optical fiber splitter is directly connected to the another of polarization-maintaining fiber coupler
Individual input.The output end connection photodetector of polarization-maintaining fiber coupler.
Centre frequency is divided into two-way for the laser signal that the single-frequency laser of 1550nm is produced through 1 × 2 optical fiber splitter,
All the way as flashlight branch road, be connected with the input of modulator, the rf signal of outside input and modulator another
Input is connected.The input of the output end incoming fiber optic delay line of modulator.Another road that optical fiber splitter is separated is used as ginseng
Light branch road is examined, used as phase reference, the signal accesses polarization-maintaining fiber coupler simultaneously with the modulated signal of fibre delay line output,
Its output end is connected with photoelectric detection module.
In order to adjust two tributary signal luminous powers, to select suitable splitting ratio, in a preferred embodiment of the invention,
Attenuator is connected in first output end of the optical fiber splitter and/or in the second output end.Additionally, the output of photodetector
It is further connected with spectrum analyzer on end to be tracked radiofrequency signal frequency domain measurement and/or be connected to oscillograph to radiofrequency signal waveform
Shown.
The coherent light detection method of the fibre delay line phase controlling that above-mentioned detection system is realized, comprises the steps：
（1）Continuous laser beam is produced using optical fiber laser；It is described to swash in preferred embodiment of the invention example
Light light beam is produced by the single-frequency laser of centre frequency 1550nm；
（2）Optical branching device is by laser beam by step（1）The laser beam of middle generation is divided into two-way, forms relevant optical detection
In flashlight and reference light；Can add in the first output end of optical fiber splitter and/or in the second output end again as needed
Enter attenuator, two tributary signal luminous powers are adjusted, to select suitable splitting ratio；
（3）The laser beam of flashlight branch road interacts in the modulator with the radiofrequency signal of outside input, realizes letter
The loading of breath；
（4）The laser beam of flashlight branch road load information, incoming fiber optic delay line postpones to the road signal, right
The transmission light path of signal is controlled, so as to realize the control and compensation to phase place, with reference to light phase is referred to, to obtain being adapted to most preferably
The phase difference of detection, improves relevant mixing efficiency and receiving sensitivity；
（5）Obtain two branch road optical signals of certain phase difference carries out relevant mixing into optical fiber combiner；It is excellent in the present invention
In selecting embodiment case, optical fiber combiner adopts polarization-maintaining fiber coupler, to keep the consistent of two branch road optical signal polarization states；
（6）Photoelectric detection module enters traveling optical signal to the signal after mixing to the conversion of electric signal, and adopts spectrum analysis
Instrument is tracked measurement to radiofrequency signal frequency domain and the radiofrequency signal waveform that photodetector is exported is shown using oscillograph
Show.
Embodiment 2：
A kind of relevant optical detection system of fibre delay line phase controlling is as shown in figure 3, it is mainly by optical fiber laser, light
Fine shunt, modulator, fibre delay line, optical fiber combiner and photodetector composition.The wherein output end of optical fiber laser
It is connected with the input of optical fiber splitter.First output end of optical fiber splitter connects an input of modulator, the modulation
Another input of device is connected with the RF signal generators of outside, and the output end of the modulator is directly connected to optical fiber combiner
One input.Second output end of optical fiber splitter connects another input of optical fiber combiner by fibre delay line.
The output end connection photodetector of optical fiber combiner.
Centre frequency is divided into two-way for the laser signal that the single-frequency laser of 1550nm is produced through 1 × 2 optical fiber splitter,
All the way as flashlight branch road, be connected with the input of modulator, the rf signal of outside input and modulator another
Input is connected.The input of the output end incoming fiber optic delay line of modulator.Another road that optical fiber splitter is separated is used as ginseng
Light branch road is examined, used as phase reference, the signal accesses polarization-maintaining fiber coupler simultaneously with the modulated signal of fibre delay line output,
Its output end is connected with photoelectric detection module.
In order to adjust two tributary signal luminous powers, to select suitable splitting ratio, in a preferred embodiment of the invention,
Attenuator is connected in first output end of the optical fiber splitter and/or in the second output end.Additionally, the output of photodetector
It is further connected with spectrum analyzer on end to be tracked radiofrequency signal frequency domain measurement and/or be connected to oscillograph to radiofrequency signal waveform
Shown.
The coherent light detection method of the fibre delay line phase controlling that above-mentioned detection system is realized, comprises the steps：
（1）Continuous laser beam is produced using optical fiber laser；It is described to swash in preferred embodiment of the invention example
Light light beam is produced by the single-frequency laser of centre frequency 1550nm；
（2）Optical branching device is by laser beam by step（1）The laser beam of middle generation is divided into two-way, forms relevant optical detection
In flashlight and reference light；Can add in the first output end of optical fiber splitter and/or in the second output end again as needed
Enter attenuator, two tributary signal luminous powers are adjusted, to select suitable splitting ratio；
（3）The laser beam of flashlight branch road interacts in the modulator with the radiofrequency signal of outside input, realizes letter
The loading of breath；
（4）The laser beam of reference light branch road, incoming fiber optic delay line postpones to the road signal, the transmission to signal
Light path is controlled, so as to realize the control and compensation to phase place, the light phase of contrast signal light branch road, to obtain being adapted to optimal spy
The phase difference of survey, improves relevant mixing efficiency and receiving sensitivity；
（5）Obtain two branch road optical signals of certain phase difference carries out relevant mixing into optical fiber combiner；It is excellent in the present invention
In selecting embodiment case, optical fiber combiner adopts polarization-maintaining fiber coupler, to keep the consistent of two branch road optical signal polarization states；
（6）Photoelectric detection module enters traveling optical signal to the signal after mixing to the conversion of electric signal, and adopts spectrum analysis
Instrument is tracked measurement to radiofrequency signal frequency domain and the radiofrequency signal waveform that photodetector is exported is shown using oscillograph
Show.
Claims (8)
1. the relevant optical detection system of fibre delay line phase controlling, it is characterised in that：Mainly by optical fiber laser, fiber optic splitter
Device, modulator, fibre delay line, optical fiber combiner and photodetector composition；Wherein optical fiber combiner is polarization maintaining optical fibre coupling
Device；The output end of optical fiber laser is connected with the input of optical fiber splitter；The first output end connection modulation of optical fiber splitter
One input of device, another input of the modulator is connected with the RF signal generators of outside, the output of the modulator
One input of end connection optical fiber combiner；Another input of the second output end connection optical fiber combiner of optical fiber splitter
End；Fibre delay line is serially connected between the output end of modulator and an input of optical fiber combiner or fibre delay line concatenation
Between the second output end of optical fiber splitter and another input of optical fiber combiner；The output end connection of optical fiber combiner
The input of photodetector；Phase controlling is carried out using fibre delay line, by controlling phase place, compensation reference light and flashlight
Phase difference between branch road, makes the two ways of optical signals that participation is mixed meet certain phase relation；Meanwhile, coupled using polarization maintaining optical fibre
Device is combined mixing to two paths of signals, and the polarization state for making two paths of signals is consistent.
2. the relevant optical detection system of the fibre delay line phase controlling according to described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The light
In first output end of fine shunt and it is connected to attenuator in the second output end.
3. the relevant optical detection system of the fibre delay line phase controlling according to described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The light
Frequency is the single-frequency laser of 1550nm centered on fibre laser.
4. the relevant optical detection system of the fibre delay line phase controlling according to described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The light
Spectrum analyzer and/or oscillograph are further connected with the output end of electric explorer.
5. the coherent light detection method of the fibre delay line phase controlling realized based on detection system described in claim 1, its
It is characterized in that and comprises the steps：
(1) optical fiber laser produces continuous laser beam；
(2) laser beam that optical fiber laser is produced is divided into two-way by optical fiber splitter, that is, form the signal in relevant optical detection
Light and reference light；
(3) laser beam of flashlight branch road interacts in the modulator with the radiofrequency signal of outside input, realizes information
Loading；
(4) laser beam of flashlight branch road load information, incoming fiber optic delay line postpones to the road signal, to signal
Transmission light path be controlled, so as to realize the control and compensation to phase place, with reference to the light phase of reference light branch road, to be adapted to
The phase difference of optimal detection, improves relevant mixing efficiency and receiving sensitivity；
Or the laser beam of reference light branch road, incoming fiber optic delay line postpones to the road signal, the transmission light path to signal
It is controlled, so as to realize the control and compensation to phase place, the light phase of contrast signal light branch road, to obtain being adapted to optimal detection
Phase difference, improves relevant mixing efficiency and receiving sensitivity；
(5) obtain two branch road optical signals of certain phase difference carries out relevant mixing into optical fiber combiner；Wherein optical fiber combiner
For polarization-maintaining fiber coupler；
(6) photodetector enters traveling optical signal to the signal after mixing to the conversion of electric signal.
6. the coherent light detection method of fibre delay line phase controlling according to claim 5, is characterized in that：Also further wrap
The laser signal of the first output end to optical fiber splitter and/or the output of the second output end is included the step of decay.
7. the coherent light detection method of fibre delay line phase controlling according to claim 5, is characterized in that：Also further wrap
Include the step of measurement is tracked to the radiofrequency signal frequency domain that photodetector is exported using spectrum analyzer and adopt oscillograph
The step of radiofrequency signal waveform that photodetector is exported is shown.
8. the coherent light detection method of fibre delay line phase controlling according to claim 5, is characterized in that：The optical fiber swashs
Frequency is the single-frequency laser of 1550nm centered on light device.
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| CN105651399B (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2019-04-19 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | The weak phase measurement device of time domain phase recovery full optical fiber laser pulse and measurement method |
| CN105842781A (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2016-08-10 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 | Large-scale continuous adjustable delay line device based on integrated light waveguides |
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| CN108233162A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-29 | 横琴东辉科技有限公司 | A kind of device for improving single frequency fiber laser signal-to-noise ratio in relevant optical tests |
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| CN108880693B (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2020-09-01 | 北京邮电大学 | Method for realizing coherent detection by using single photodiode |
| CN108871593A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2018-11-23 | 北京邮电大学 | A kind of method of the High Precision Automatic balance of coherent detection system |
| CN109842009A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-06-04 | 中国兵器装备研究院 | A kind of array laser compensation of delay device and method |
| CN111707366B (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2024-03-15 | 中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所 | Real-time high-precision delay sensing device based on optical fiber Doppler interference |
| CN113098623B (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2022-08-09 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Optical fiber phase synchronization system based on optical active compensation |
| CN113176581B (en) * | 2021-03-15 | 2021-12-31 | 北京华信科创科技有限公司 | Doppler pulse laser wind measuring device, method and system |
| CN113572535B (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2022-03-04 | 北京极光星通科技有限公司 | Method and device for capturing communication laser signal and laser communication system |
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