CN103574568B - The reaction heat retracting device of coal preparing natural gas - Google Patents
The reaction heat retracting device of coal preparing natural gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN103574568B CN103574568B CN201210262078.1A CN201210262078A CN103574568B CN 103574568 B CN103574568 B CN 103574568B CN 201210262078 A CN201210262078 A CN 201210262078A CN 103574568 B CN103574568 B CN 103574568B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of reaction heat retracting device of coal preparing natural gas.Comprise the housing that inside is equiped with U-shaped heat exchanger tube, the lower end of described housing is provided with clean water import, and the upper end of housing is provided with drum, and one end of housing is connected with tube sheet; The arranged outside of tube sheet has bobbin carriage, and the inner chamber of bobbin carriage is divided into high temperature epicoele and low temperature cavity of resorption by pass partition; Described U-shaped heat exchanger tube is arranged on tube sheet and is also communicated with low temperature cavity of resorption with the high temperature epicoele of bobbin carriage respectively, and the inlet end of described high temperature epicoele is communicated with reaction gas entrance, the outlet side of low temperature cavity of resorption and reaction gas outlet; Refractory heat-insulating lining and heat-resisting protective cover is provided with in described bobbin carriage.The invention solves the problem of the high-temperature gas heat recovery produced in coal preparing natural gas process, and the reaction heat of coal preparing natural gas is recycled, and has saved the energy, it also avoid the earth fuel factor being discharged into by a large amount of high-temperature gas and causing in air.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of heat recovery equipment, specifically a kind of reaction heat retracting device of coal preparing natural gas.
Background technology
Natural gas is more and more subject to the favor of people as the high-grade energy of a kind of cleaning, safety, with gas generation oil, the development trend having become China with gas generating and popularization, in the consumption structure of natural gas, chemical industry and gas account for more than 60% of total amount.And China is the country of a rich coal oil starvation weak breath, the per capita rate of natural gas resource is less than 10% of world average level, so coal is converted to natural gas, Substitute For Partial natural gas resource, reduce the dust pollution that coal directly uses or Coal Transport produces, meeting the industrial policy of country, is also the new way of opening up clean energy resource.The five horizontal two vertical gas distributing systems in the national planning covering whole nation, formation is transferred natural gas from the west to the east, northern gas is gone down south and the air feed general layout of liquefied natural gas.
The process route of coal preparing natural gas is: conversion unstripped gas enters reactor, synthetic reaction is carried out in catalytic bed, the gas produced in reactor is sent from reactor outlet, and send reaction heat retracting device to, by heat exchange, the water of reaction heat retracting device is converted to high temperature saturated vapor, then delivers to steam turbine power generation use through superheater.Gas wherein after reactor catalysis bed carries out synthetic reaction, composition is: H
289.4%, CO7.22%, CO
22.69%, N
20.69%, hydrogen accounts for significant proportion.Owing to being exothermic reaction, outlet maximum temperature reaches 750 ° of C, and pressure is up to 3.8MPa, and the hydrogen-type corrosion under such high temperature, condition of high voltage and high temperature, high pressure is all beyond the ability to bear of popular response heat reclamation device.Reaction heat retracting device structure current is in addition all generally the structure of heat exchanger pattern, be applied to when 750 DEG C of high-temperature reacting gas are cooled, not only tube pitch is less, the volume rapid expansion of cooling water under high temperature, there is no corresponding broad space, and 750 DEG C of high-temperature reacting gas temperature are higher, and containing a large amount of hydrogen, the corrosion of heat exchanger is very serious, and therefore the embedding structure of this reaction heat retracting device is not suitable for the waste heat recovery of coal preparing natural gas.
Summary of the invention
The technical issues that need to address of the present invention be to provide a kind of rational in infrastructure, the high temperature and high pressure gas produced in coal preparing natural gas process can be born, and the waste-heat recovery device being subject to hydrogen-type corrosion under high temperature and high pressure environment can be avoided.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
The reaction heat retracting device of coal preparing natural gas, comprise the housing that inside is equiped with U-shaped heat exchanger tube, the lower end of described housing is provided with clean water import, the upper end of housing be provided be communicated with housing, for holding and the drum of released vapour, one end of housing is airtight is connected with tube sheet; The arranged outside of tube sheet has be connected and the bobbin carriage that by flange with housing be fixedly connected with airtight with tube sheet, the inner chamber of bobbin carriage is divided into high temperature epicoele and low temperature cavity of resorption by pass partition, described U-shaped heat exchanger tube is arranged on tube sheet and is also communicated with low temperature cavity of resorption with the high temperature epicoele of bobbin carriage respectively, the inlet end of described high temperature epicoele is communicated with the reaction gas entrance being arranged on bobbin carriage top, outlet side and the reaction gas outlet being arranged on bobbin carriage bottom of low temperature cavity of resorption; The inwall of described bobbin carriage, the outside of tube sheet and pass partition be provided with refractory heat-insulating lining above, the face that described refractory heat-insulating lining contacts with high temperature epicoele and low temperature cavity of resorption is also provided with the heat-resisting protective cover for supporting refractory heat-insulating lining.
Further improvement of the present invention is: the outer wall of described bobbin carriage is also provided with the water-cooling jacket for cooling bobbin carriage, the lower end of described bobbin carriage outer wall is provided with the cooling water inlet be communicated with water-cooling jacket, and the top of bobbin carriage outer wall is provided with the coolant outlet be communicated with water-cooling jacket.
Further improvement of the present invention is: described in be positioned at the U-shaped heat exchanger tube of tube sheet inside be provided with thermal sleeve for the protection of tube sheet.
Further improvement of the present invention is: the top of described housing is provided with the gauge port E1 for setting pressure table; The bottom of housing is provided with the sewage draining exit for discharging dirt; One end that housing is relative with tube sheet is provided with the thermometer boss for installing thermometer and the liquid level gauge mouth D1 for installing liquid level sensor and liquid level gauge.
Further improvement of the present invention is: the top of described drum is provided with safety valve, the sidewall of drum is provided with for the gauge port E2 of setting pressure table and the steam (vapor) outlet for released vapour; The sidewall of drum bottom is provided with the liquid level gauge mouth D2 for installing liquid level sensor and liquid level gauge.
Further improvement of the present invention is: described steam outlet is provided with steam-water separator.
Owing to have employed technique scheme, the technological progress that the present invention obtains is:
The invention solves a difficult problem for the high-temperature gas heat recovery of reactor outlet in the synthesis of coal preparing natural gas and high pressure, hydrogen-type corrosion equipment, be conducive to promoting that coal conversion is the development of the industry of natural gas, and reaction heat reclaims by the reaction heat retracting device of coal preparing natural gas, produce high temperature saturated vapor, through superheater, saturated vapor is become superheated steam again, deliver to gas bag for steam turbine power generation, save the energy, avoided a large amount of high temperature and high pressure gas to be discharged in air and cause earth fuel factor.
U-shaped heat exchanger tube is fixed on tube sheet, and is supported on enclosure interior track, does not contact with inner walls, is convenient to selecting of case material.
The reaction gas of bobbin carriage, tube sheet and pass partition and HTHP is isolated by the refractory heat-insulating lining in bobbin carriage and heat-resisting protective cover; reduce the temperature of bobbin carriage, tube sheet and pass partition; be convenient to selecting of bobbin carriage, tube sheet and pass partition material, be beneficial to the service life extending bobbin carriage, tube sheet and pass partition.
Water-cooling jacket on bobbin carriage outer wall can cool further to bobbin carriage, guarantees safe operation.
The gauge port E1 of housing tip is in order to setting pressure table, and Pressure gauge is for monitoring the pressure of enclosure interior, and when the pressure of enclosure interior exceedes operating pressure, safety valve is opened with the pressure reducing enclosure interior; The dirt produced when the sewage draining exit of housing bottom is for discharging cleaning housing cavity; Thermometer boss on another sidewall that housing is relative with tube sheet is for installing thermometer, and thermometer, for monitoring the temperature of enclosure interior, can prevent enclosure interior temperature too high; Liquid level gauge mouth D1 on another sidewall that housing is relative with tube sheet is for installing liquid level sensor and liquid level gauge, liquid level sensor and liquid level gauge are for monitoring the liquid level of enclosure interior, prevent liquid level lower than U-shaped heat exchanger tube position, affect the heat exchange of heat exchanger tube and clean water.
Gauge port E2 on drum sidewall is used for setting pressure table, and Pressure gauge is for monitoring the pressure of steam in drum, and when steam pressure exceedes operating pressure, the safety valve at drum top is opened to reduce the pressure in drum; Steam (vapor) outlet on the sidewall of drum carries out the steam of heat exchange generation for discharging U-shaped heat exchanger tube and clean water in housing; Liquid level gauge mouth D2 on drum lower sides is for installing liquid level sensor and liquid level gauge, and liquid level sensor and liquid level gauge are used for the liquid level of monitoring cleaning water, and the steam produced in housing can be avoided cannot to be discharged from steam (vapor) outlet by drum.Steam outlet is provided with steam-water separator, avoids out vapour water entrainment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Wherein: 1, water-cooling jacket, 2, bobbin carriage, 3, refractory heat-insulating lining; 4, pass partition, 5, heat-resisting protective cover, 6, thermal sleeve; 7, tube sheet, 8, U-shaped heat exchanger tube, 9, housing; 10, drum, 11, safety valve, 12, saddle; A1, cooling water inlet; A2, coolant outlet, B1, reaction gas entrance, B2, reaction gas export; C1, clean water import; C2, steam (vapor) outlet, D1, liquid level gauge mouth, D2, liquid level gauge mouth; E1, gauge port; E2, gauge port, G, thermometer boss, H: sewage draining exit.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further details:
As shown in Figure 1, the reaction heat retracting device of coal preparing natural gas, comprise bobbin carriage 2, housing 9 and drum 10, housing 9 inside is equiped with U-shaped heat exchanger tube 8, U-shaped heat exchanger tube 8 is located by the tube sheet 7 be arranged on outside housing 9 and is stretched in housing 9, and the other end of U-shaped heat exchanger tube 8 is supported in housing 9 inner tracks; The opposite side that tube sheet 7 is relative with housing 9 is provided with bobbin carriage 2, and bobbin carriage 2 and housing 9 are fixed together by respective flange, by tube sheet 7 jam-packed with U-shaped pipe in centre position; The upper end of housing 9 is provided with drum 10, and drum 10 is communicated with housing 9, for holding and released vapour.
Bobbin carriage 2 is for holding reaction gas, and in the present embodiment, 06Cr19Ni10 stainless steel selected by bobbin carriage 2, meets the regulation of GB24511-2009 " bearing device corrosion resistant plate and steel band ".Be provided with pass partition 4 in bobbin carriage 2, the inner chamber of bobbin carriage 2 be divided into high temperature epicoele and low temperature cavity of resorption, the inlet end of high temperature epicoele is communicated with the reaction gas entrance B1 being arranged on bobbin carriage 2 top, and the outlet side of high temperature epicoele is communicated with the inlet end of U-shaped heat exchanger tube 8; The inlet end of low temperature cavity of resorption is communicated with the outlet side of U-shaped heat exchanger tube 8, and the outlet side of low temperature cavity of resorption exports B2 with the reaction gas being arranged on bobbin carriage 2 bottom and is communicated with.The corrosive gas of the HTHP of the synthetic reaction generation of coal preparing natural gas, the high temperature epicoele of bobbin carriage 2 is entered from reaction gas entrance B1, then U-shaped heat exchanger tube 8 is entered from the high temperature epicoele of bobbin carriage 2, high temperature pressure corrosion gas carries out sufficient heat exchange with the clean water in housing 9 by U-shaped heat exchanger tube 8 in housing 9, become low temperature low pressure gas, low temperature low pressure gas out enters the low temperature cavity of resorption of bobbin carriage 2 from the another port of U-shaped heat exchanger tube 8, then discharges from reaction gas outlet B2.
The inwall of bobbin carriage 2, the outside of tube sheet 7 and pass partition 4 be provided with refractory heat-insulating lining 3 above, the face that refractory heat-insulating lining 3 contacts with high temperature epicoele and low temperature cavity of resorption is also provided with the heat-resisting protective cover 5 for supporting refractory heat-insulating lining 3.In the present embodiment, refractory heat-insulating lining 3 adopts domestic more advanced ZS-1 high-temperature resistant coating, refractory heat-insulating lining is provided with three layers altogether, ground floor is transition zone, and adopt ZS-1011 coating to carry out coating, the second layer is intermediate layer, ZS-1 coating is adopted to carry out coating, thick coating is 20mm, and third layer is confining bed, adopts ZS-1021 coating to carry out coating.
The outer wall of bobbin carriage 2 is provided with water-cooling jacket 1, water-cooling jacket 1 is for cooling bobbin carriage 2.The lower end of bobbin carriage 2 outer wall is provided with the cooling water inlet A1 be communicated with water-cooling jacket 1, and the top of bobbin carriage 2 outer wall is provided with the coolant outlet A2 be communicated with water-cooling jacket 1; Cooling water enters the interlayer inner chamber of water-cooling jacket 1 from coolant intake, carries out sufficient heat exchange become hot water by cooling jacket and bobbin carriage 2, discharges from cooling water outlet mouth, can do recirculated cooling water and continue to use.
Housing 9 and bobbin carriage 2 are fixed together by respective flange, housing 9 and bobbin carriage 2 end face that flange is relative is separately welded with grommet, also be provided with sealing gasket between two grommets, namely the flange of the flange of housing 9 and bobbin carriage 2 by grommet and sealing gasket by fastening for tube sheet 7.In the present embodiment, the flange of bobbin carriage 2 and the flange of housing 9 adopt 16Mn III forging to make, and grommet selects 06Cr19Ni10 stainless steel to process.
Housing 9 is for holding the clean water of lowering the temperature to U-shaped heat exchanger tube 8, because housing 9 does not directly contact high-temperature high-voltage reaction gas, in the present embodiment, conventional design is carried out, the Q345R in material selection standard GB/T 713-2008 " steel plates for boiler and pressure vessels " according to standard GB/T 150-2011 " pressure vessel ".But structurally, reducer is unmanageable, increase by 100% ray detection requirement of vertical, the circumferential welded seam to reducer, to guarantee the welding quality of angle weld seam.
In the present embodiment, housing 9 adopts AKV kettle type reboiler pattern, removes the movable bobbin carriage of former reboiler, is fixedly connected with by the bobbin carriage 2 in the present invention with tube sheet 7, housing 9, to simplify structure, reduces the use of high-temperature material.The housing of the present embodiment adopts the housing of kettle type reboiler, and its heat transfer space is large, ensure that high-temperature gas makes cooling water gasify rapidly required space.
Tube sheet 7 is pressed between the flange of housing 9 and the flange of bobbin carriage 2, for locating U-shaped heat exchanger tube 8, and is separated by the inner chamber of bobbin carriage 2 with housing 9.The end face outside of tube sheet 7 is provided with the refractory heat-insulating lining 3 for the protection of tube sheet 7, refractory heat-insulating lining 3 and the end face of bobbin carriage 2 lumen contact are also provided with the heat-resisting protective cover 5 supporting refractory heat-insulating lining 3; Thermal sleeve 6 is arranged on the inside of the U-shaped heat exchanger tube 8 being positioned at tube sheet 7, and the external port of thermal sleeve 6 is welded on the heat-resisting protective cover 5 outside tube sheet 7, and the length of thermal sleeve 6 is greater than the thickness of tube sheet.Clog between thermal sleeve 6 and U-shaped heat exchanger tube 8 and be used for heat insulation ceramic fiber paper, the position avoiding U-shaped heat exchanger tube 8 to contact with tube sheet 7 and the temperature of tube sheet 7 too high.
In the present embodiment; 06Cr25Ni20 stainless steel all selected by the material of U-shaped heat exchanger tube 8, heat-resisting protective cover 5 and thermal sleeve 6; 06Cr25Ni20 stainless steel is austenitic chromium nickel stainless steel; there is good non-oxidizability, corrosion resistance; because have higher chromium content and nickel content; described stainless steel is made also to have high temperature creep strength, can at high temperature continuous operation, there is good heat-resisting quantity.
The top of housing 9 is provided with gauge port E1; Gauge port E1 is in order to setting pressure table, and Pressure gauge is for monitoring the pressure of housing 9 inside, and when the pressure of housing 9 inside exceedes operating pressure, safety valve 11 is opened, and to reduce the pressure of housing 9 inside, maintains housing 9 internal pressure substantially constant.
The dirt that the bottom of housing 9 produces when being provided with sewage draining exit H for discharging dirt and clean water import C1, sewage draining exit H for discharging cleaning housing 9 inner chamber, clean water import C1 is used for carrying clean water for housing 9.
Another sidewall relative with tube sheet 7 of housing 9 is provided with the thermometer boss G for installing thermometer and liquid level gauge mouth D1; Thermometer, for monitoring the temperature of housing 9 inside, can prevent housing 9 internal temperature too high.
The top of drum 10 is provided with safety valve 11, the sidewall of drum 10 is provided with gauge port E2 and the steam (vapor) outlet C2 for released vapour; The sidewall of drum 10 bottom is provided with liquid level gauge mouth D2.Clean water in housing 9 is become steam after absorbing the heat of U-shaped heat exchanger tube 8 and is gone out from steam (vapor) outlet C2 by drum 10; Pressure gauge is in order to measure the pressure in drum 10, and when the pressure in drum 10 exceedes operating pressure, safety valve 11 is opened with step-down, maintains operating pressure substantially constant in drum 10.Liquid level gauge mouth D2 and liquid level gauge mouth D1 combines for installing liquid level sensor and liquid level gauge, liquid level sensor and liquid level gauge are for monitoring the liquid level of clean water in housing 9, affected the heat exchange of U-shaped heat exchanger tube 8 and clean water when liquid level both can have been prevented too low, the steam produced in housing 9 when liquid level can be avoided again too high cannot be discharged from steam (vapor) outlet C2 by drum 10.Steam (vapor) outlet C2 place is provided with steam-water separator, with separate vapour and water, avoids out vapour water entrainment.
The course of work of the present invention is as described below:
When the present invention starts working, first, the clean water import C1 of housing 9 bottom opens, and clean water enters housing 9, floods U-shaped heat exchanger tube 8 completely, when liquid level arrives control position, stops supplying water; The cooling water inlet A1 of water-cooling jacket 1 lower end and the coolant outlet A2 of upper end opens simultaneously, and cooling water enters the interlayer inner chamber of water-cooling jacket 1 from coolant intake, then discharges from cooling water outlet mouth, forms a cooling channel.
The corrosivity reaction gas of HTHP, the high temperature epicoele of bobbin carriage 2 is entered from reaction gas entrance B1, then U-shaped heat exchanger tube 8 is entered from the high temperature epicoele of bobbin carriage 2, high temperature pressure corrosion gas carries out sufficient heat exchange with the clean water in housing 9 by U-shaped heat exchanger tube 8 in housing 9, become low temperature low pressure gas, low temperature low pressure gas out enters the low temperature cavity of resorption of bobbin carriage 2 from the another port of U-shaped heat exchanger tube 8, then discharges from reaction gas outlet B2.
The high temperature epicoele that autoreaction gas enters bobbin carriage 2 starts, and bobbin carriage wall heats up gradually, and the heat that the cold water that water-cooling jacket is 1 li will absorb bobbin carriage 2 is that bobbin carriage 2 is lowered the temperature, and self becomes hot water, discharges from cooling water outlet mouth.
After reaction gas enters U-shaped heat exchanger tube 8, carry out heat exchange, the heat of water absorption heat-exchange pipe by clean water in heat exchanger tube and housing 9, temperature raises, and sharply vaporizes, produces a large amount of steam, and steam is discharged from the steam (vapor) outlet C2 on drum 10 top by drum 10.
Clean water temperature in housing 9 raises in the process of sharply vaporizing, the chamber pressure of housing 9 and drum 10 also constantly increases, when pressure exceedes operating pressure, the safety valve 11 of drum 10 is opened, and to reduce inner pressure, maintains housing 9 and drum 10 internal process pressure substantially constant, water is fewer and feweri simultaneously, when the water surface is reduced to control position, clean water import C1 reopens, and starts again supplementary clean water.
Claims (4)
1. the reaction heat retracting device of coal preparing natural gas, comprise the housing (9) that inside is equiped with U-shaped heat exchanger tube (8), it is characterized in that: the lower end of described housing (9) is provided with clean water import (C1), the upper end of housing (9) be provided be communicated with housing (9), for holding and the drum (10) of released vapour, one end of housing (9) is airtight is connected with tube sheet (7), the arranged outside of tube sheet (7) has be connected and the bobbin carriage (2) that by flange with housing (9) be fixedly connected with airtight with tube sheet (7), the inner chamber of bobbin carriage (2) is divided into high temperature epicoele and low temperature cavity of resorption by pass partition (4), described U-shaped heat exchanger tube (8) is arranged on tube sheet (7) and goes up and be communicated with low temperature cavity of resorption with the high temperature epicoele of bobbin carriage (2) respectively, the inlet end of described high temperature epicoele is communicated with the reaction gas entrance (B1) being arranged on bobbin carriage (2) top, the outlet side of low temperature cavity of resorption exports (B2) with the reaction gas being arranged on bobbin carriage (2) bottom and is communicated with, the inwall of described bobbin carriage (2), the outside of tube sheet (7) and pass partition (4) be provided with refractory heat-insulating lining (3) above, the face that described refractory heat-insulating lining (3) contacts with high temperature epicoele and low temperature cavity of resorption is also provided with the heat-resisting protective cover (5) for supporting refractory heat-insulating lining (3),
The top of described drum (10) is provided with safety valve (11), the sidewall of drum is provided with the gauge port (E2) for setting pressure table and the steam (vapor) outlet (C2) for released vapour, described steam (vapor) outlet (C2) place is provided with steam-water separator; The sidewall of drum bottom is provided with the liquid level gauge mouth (D2) for installing liquid level sensor and liquid level gauge;
Described refractory heat-insulating lining (3) is provided with three layers altogether, and ground floor is transition zone, adopts ZS-1011 coating to carry out coating, the second layer is intermediate layer, and adopt ZS-1 coating to carry out coating, thick coating is 20mm, third layer is confining bed, adopts ZS-1021 coating to carry out coating.
2. the reaction heat retracting device of coal preparing natural gas according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the outer wall of described bobbin carriage (2) is also provided with the water-cooling jacket (1) for cooling bobbin carriage (2), the lower end of described bobbin carriage (2) outer wall is provided with the cooling water inlet (A1) be communicated with water-cooling jacket, and the top of bobbin carriage outer wall is provided with the coolant outlet (A2) be communicated with water-cooling jacket.
3. the reaction heat retracting device of coal preparing natural gas according to claim 1, is characterized in that: U-shaped heat exchanger tube (8) inside being positioned at tube sheet (7) is provided with the thermal sleeve (6) for the protection of tube sheet (7).
4. the reaction heat retracting device of coal preparing natural gas according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the top of described housing (9) is provided with the gauge port (E1) for setting pressure table; The bottom of housing (9) is provided with the sewage draining exit (H) for discharging dirt; One end that housing (9) is relative with tube sheet (7) is provided with the thermometer boss (G) for installing thermometer and the liquid level gauge mouth (D1) for installing liquid level sensor and liquid level gauge.
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| CN201210262078.1A CN103574568B (en) | 2012-07-27 | 2012-07-27 | The reaction heat retracting device of coal preparing natural gas |
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| CN201210262078.1A CN103574568B (en) | 2012-07-27 | 2012-07-27 | The reaction heat retracting device of coal preparing natural gas |
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| CN103574568B true CN103574568B (en) | 2016-03-02 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107569866A (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2018-01-12 | 茂名瑞派石化工程有限公司 | A kind of new kettle type reboiler and its manufacturing process |
| CN109046223A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2018-12-21 | 重庆山巨化工机械股份有限公司 | high-temperature reactor |
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| GB1351996A (en) * | 1970-02-19 | 1974-05-15 | Uhde Gmbh Friedrich | Method and device for routing gas through heat exchangers |
| CN2104383U (en) * | 1991-03-25 | 1992-05-13 | 西安交通大学 | U-pipe afterheat boiler |
| CN2932092Y (en) * | 2006-04-18 | 2007-08-08 | 湖南安淳高新技术有限公司 | Synthesis reactor and reaction heat utilization 2 in 1 device |
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