CN103572400B - A kind of processing method of vortex spinning special polyester staple fiber - Google Patents
A kind of processing method of vortex spinning special polyester staple fiber Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of processing method of vortex spinning special polyester staple fiber, copolyesters preparation process, it adopts direct esterification method to prepare copolyesters, and its raw material adopted comprises binary acid and dihydroxylic alcohols, specifically comprises step of esterification and polycondensation steps.The vortex spinning special polyester staple fiber used in the inventive method is compared with existing vortex spinning special polyester staple, and degree of crystallinity declines, and the modulus of fiber reduces; Because the modulus of fiber reduces, the rigidity of fiber reduces, flexibility is improved, and with it for raw material carries out purely washing in the production of air vortex spinning or polyester-viscose blended air vortex spinning, the feel of yarn is able to effective improvement; Spinning jet nozzle air pressure can reduce simultaneously, effectively reduces energy resource consumption; And improve the quality that the sub-yarn clearer of air vortex spinning device power cuts off rear backtwisting knotting, improve air vortex spinning line mass and fabric quality thereof further, meet consumers' demand.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to polyster fibre preparation method, particularly relate to a kind of processing method of vortex spinning special polyester staple fiber.
Background technology
Late 1980s, vortex spinning is released comparatively ripe type by Japanese Murata first and is sold to world market, and global vortex spinning market monopolized by field, current Reng Yi village No.861 type machine, globally over nearly 20 years has sold nearly 400 (every platform 80 ingots).Over nearest 1 ~ 2 year, domestic vortex spinning development rapidly, in March, 2009 is taken the lead in having introduced the 1st No.861 type vortex flow spinner by middle remittance textile company, its high-grade knitted yarn product is approved by market very soon, 7 Zhejiang Enterprises such as successively to carry forward for 6 ~ September to sign a contract altogether introduction 100 multiple stage, wherein 90% concentrate on Hangzhou Xiaoshan district, went into operation successively before the second quarters in 2010.By in by the end of December, 2011, domestic installed go into operation and signing introduce have 405 vortex spinning equipment, numerous producer thinks that future market 20 ~ 60S yarn will make way for vortex spinning yarn, and vortex spinning will occupy the domestic yarn market share over half in the near future.
Air vortex spinning line mass is higher, in yarn quality characteristic, except yarn strength and percentage elongation more lower slightly than traditional ring spinning yarn except, the item quality index such as filoplume, balling-up rate are all good than ring spun yarn, even some index is also better than compact yarn, but the relative ring spun yarn of the feel of Air Vortex Spun Yarn is slightly hard, and therefore its fabric feeling is comparatively thick and stiff.Is limited to, adopt self very soft viscose glue fibrid spinning Air Vortex Spun Yarn to vortex spinning equipment more the earliest, can reduce the hardness of resultant yarn, can overcome again that viscose glue class yarn is too soft, the shortcoming of body bone deficiency; Afterwards because viscose price is higher, some producers, in order to reduce costs, adopt cotton (viscose) and the blending of a small amount of special import terylene short fiber.Along with the fast development of domestic market and the price of viscose constantly rise, in order to reduce costs etc., reason is mixed produces polyester/rayon yarns with a small amount of terylene (wash sticky than for 40/60 ~ 15/85) and progressively strengthens the content of polyster fibre in yarn in numerous domestic rear road spinning producer, the spinning enterprise active development that minority possesses certain technical force produces pure terylene air vortex spinning, also expand further the demand of vortex spinning with pure polyster fibre, the polyester staple fiber being applicable to vortex spinning is sought in positive market at home by enterprise of simultaneously spinning.Air vortex spinning characteristic determines polyester-viscose blended yarn or spins pure Air Vortex Spun Yarn of washing and need adopt special polyester staple fiber.Vortex spinning special polyester staple fiber is except having except certain requirement respectively for kinds of fibers, fineness and length, finish etc., also require that fiber rigidity is not easily excessive, just can play enough looping effects, fiber surface has certain frictional behaviour etc., and early stage vortex spinning special polyester staple fiber can only from external import.More domestic chemical fiber enterprise started the exploitation, the production that are conceived to vortex spinning special polyester staple fiber in recent years, but domestic market only has minority 2 ~ 3 experimental branch line producers can produce vortex spinning special polyester staple fiber.
As everyone knows, terylene belongs to rigidity high polymer, and the segmental mobility of its strand is poor, and fiber modulus is high, flexibility is less, Boardy Feeling, is used as vortex spinning raw material and then further enhances the harder weak point of Air Vortex Spun Yarn feel.In addition, air vortex spinning equipment is equipped with electronic yarn clearer, can after automatically detecting the problem such as soft twist yarn and large filoplume machine automatically cut off, backtwisting knotting, spin pure wash yarn time, because the modulus of polyster fibre is high, do modulus far above viscose, during knotting, the purer spun rayon of joint is thick and stiff, easily produces thick knot and forms fault; Cut defect end breakage rate in production larger, knotting point is more, and yarn fabric quality is poorer, especially more obvious for joint fault when slim, one side, knit fabric; In order to ensure the efficiency of twisting and yarn strength simultaneously in producing, during the large polyster fibre of production inflexibility, nozzle air pressure controls higher, and comparatively other yarn such as viscose glue is high in energy resource consumption.Washing the progressively lifting of the spinning technique of yarn along with vortex spinning is pure, will rise further to the demand of vortex spinning special polyester staple fiber in domestic market, also will improve further its quality requirements.Yi Hua company of China Development and Production vortex spinning special polyester staple in 2009, kiloton on enforcement sale, product quality obtains the preliminary accreditation of user, user it is also proposed the hope of some quality improvements, and one of them wishes that vortex spinning special polyester staple fiber improves to some extent in modulus and feel.
Add the Third monomer such as M-phthalic acid (hereinafter referred to as IPA) in polyester synthesis and carry out the process route that modification by copolymerization has been a kind of maturation, current IPA is directly mainly used in PET Bottle Chip modification and the modification of synthetic fiber polyester slice as comonomer.During for fiber with polyester slice modification, be generally used for the dyeability improving fiber, then less to the influence research of the physical property aspects such as its modulus, new patent searching retrieval shows, the domestic open source literature that has no is addressed with the isophthalate modified polyester polyster fibre that is raw material for air vortex spinning.
Prior art have studied the atactic polyester (hereinafter referred to as IPET) introducing M-phthalic acid (IPA) in polyethylene terephthalate (polyester fiber, terylene) strand crystallization property and on fibrous mechanical property, hygroscopicity and chromatic impact.Result shows, because the crystallization temperature of the introducing copolyesters of IPA raises, glass transition temperature, fusing point reduce; The introducing of IPA makes the crystalline rate of IPET and degree of crystallinity reduce, thus causes the modulus of polyester fiber (terylene) to reduce, and feel is more soft, hygroscopicity and dye-uptake raising, but the decline of intensity not obvious, improve the applicability of fiber.
US patent 9858388, " Polyethyleneglycolmodifiedpolyesterfibers, yarns, andfabricsandmethodformakingthesame " provide a kind of employing PEG(polyethylene glycol) polymeric modification is carried out to PET and adopts this copolyesters to carry out procedure of fibre production, spinning, woven method.The modified copolyester staple fibre adopting this invention to produce can adopt existing spinning technique (as RING SPINNING, open-end-spinning, open-end spinning, vortex spinning etc.) to produce polyester fibers.
US patent 20090286080, " METHODOFMANUFACTURINGLINEOFAUTOHESIONTHREAD " relates to a kind of production method of tack fiber, the mode compounds such as this fiber can be processed with mixed fibre, blending, cored higher than the high-intensity fiber of 20g/d with other thermoplastic fibre, intensity, twist, coating, wherein thermoplastic fibre comprises various polyester fiber, nylon fibre, IPA modified copolymer ester fiber etc.The bicomponent filament yarn produced after this fiber and other fiber (as IPA modified copolyester) compound can carry out cut-out and be produced into staple fibre, this composite short fiber may be used for air vortex spinning, advantage to improve the transfer performance of fiber in air-jet eddy-current spinning spindle, is conducive to spinning.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of processing method of vortex spinning special polyester staple fiber, to improve the feel of yarn.
Technical scheme: for achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A processing method for vortex spinning special polyester staple fiber, comprises copolyesters preparation process, and it adopts direct esterification method to prepare copolyesters, and its raw material adopted comprises binary acid and dihydroxylic alcohols, specifically comprises step of esterification and polycondensation steps; In described step of esterification, esterification temperature is 230 ~ 280 DEG C, and esterification absolute pressure is 0.0 ~ 0.5MPa, and esterification time is 1 ~ 5h; In described polycondensation steps, condensation temperature is 240 ~ 285 DEG C, polycondensation absolute pressure≤1KPa, and the polycondensation time is 1 ~ 4h.
In above-mentioned copolyesters preparation process, in step of esterification and polycondensation steps, need to add catalyst and stabilizing agent, normally carry out to make reaction; The inherent viscosity of obtained copolyesters need control within the scope of 0.60 ~ 0.70dl/g, and it can obtain copolyester section after pelletizing, drying, or is sent to electrospinning unit through melt pipe and carries out spinning.
Described binary acid is preferably as PTA(p-phthalic acid) and IPA(M-phthalic acid) mixture, and the addition of IPA is 0.5 ~ 10%(percentage by weight of the addition of PTA), preferably 1 ~ 4%(percentage by weight); Described dihydroxylic alcohols is EG(ethylene glycol), the copolyesters obtained like this is polyester copolymer.
In prior art, vortex spinning special polyester staple fiber adopts normal polyester (taking PTA+EG as Material synthesis) to produce, the modulus of fiber is high, rigidity strong, and the modulus of polyster fibre does modulus far above viscose, further enhances the hard feel of vortex spinning yarn; Secondly, in vortex spinning yarn production due to electronic yarn clearer machine after automatically detecting the problem such as soft twist yarn and large filoplume automatically cut off, backtwisting knotting, spin pure wash yarn time, during knotting, the purer spun rayon of joint is thick and stiff, formation fault is slightly tied in easy generation, and it is larger to cut defect end breakage rate in production, and knotting point is more, yarn fabric quality is poorer, especially more obvious for joint fault when slim, one side, knit fabric; Simultaneously in air-jet eddy-current spinning, because nozzle air pressure and fiber stiffness have comparatively Important Relations, in order to ensure efficiency and the yarn strength of twisting, during the large polyster fibre of production inflexibility, nozzle air pressure controls higher, comparatively other yarn such as viscose glue is high in energy resource consumption, and rear road user urgently wishes that vortex spinning special polyester staple fiber improves to some extent in this.
In the inventive method, the symmetry changing strand is added due to IPA, destroy the ordered structure of PET, make that the arrangement of chain is lax, compliance improves, locomitivity strengthens, accelerate segment to the diffusion of nucleus and arrangement, also destroy integrality and the order of copolyesters spherocrystal simultaneously, make that its crystalline rate slows down, degree of crystallinity reduces.Along with the increase of IPA consumption, the trend that copolyesters fusing point, crystalline rate, degree of crystallinity are all successively decreased in regularity is more obvious.Because the crystal property of copolyesters declines, cause the degree of crystallinity of copolyester fiber to reduce, modulus declines, and the pleasant softness of fiber strengthens, and the elongation of fiber simultaneously increases.Too high elongation at break increases the deformation ratio of fiber and fabric, is also unfavorable for the rear road Spinning process of fiber.In the first break draft of fiber is produced, generally falling low-fiber extension at break by improving total draft multiplying power, but after draft ratio improves, will inevitably bring that lousiness increases, curling round the roll rate rises, running rate declines, the deterioration of fiber.Select suitable IPA adding proportion, thus control fiber have lower modulus, suitable extension at break, good first break draft performance.
The vortex spinning special polyester staple fiber used in the inventive method is compared with the vortex spinning special polyester staple fiber of prior art, and degree of crystallinity declines, and the modulus of fiber reduces; Because the modulus of fiber reduces, the rigidity of fiber reduces, flexibility is improved, and with it for raw material carries out pure production of washing air vortex spinning or polyester-viscose blended air vortex spinning, first the feel of yarn is able to effective improvement; Secondly in Spinning process, nozzle air pressure can reduce, and effectively reduces energy resource consumption; 3rd is improve the quality that the sub-yarn clearer of air vortex spinning device power cuts off rear backtwisting knotting, improves air vortex spinning line mass and fabric quality thereof further, meets consumers' demand.
Adopt the copolyesters used in the present invention to carry out spinning on conventional polyester short fiber equipment, spinning temperature can lower than the spinning temperature 3 ~ 10 DEG C of existing vortex spinning special polyester staple fiber; After spin in drafting process, always lead multiplying power and can be 3.3 ~ 4.2, the comparable conventional polyester fiber of drawing temperature can suitably reduce by 3 ~ 10 DEG C, and draft speed can be 220 ~ 300m/min, and finished fiber specification is 0.55 ~ 2.22dtex*32mm or 0.55 ~ 2.22dtex*38mm.
Beneficial effect: the processing method of a kind of vortex spinning special polyester staple fiber provided by the invention, production run is stablized, and relative to prior art, the fiber modulus of the polyester staple fiber used in the present invention reduces by 10 ~ 50%, and fracture strength reduces 5-10%; In rear road Spinning process, " white powder " reduces, and cleaning cycle extends, and electronic yarn clearer knotting miss ratio reduces, knotting Quality advance, and slubbing number, details number all have reduction, and yarn defect reduces, produce simultaneously pure to wash Air Vortex Spun Yarn soft, color and luster is darker.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further described.
A processing method for vortex spinning special polyester staple fiber, comprises copolyesters preparation process, and it adopts direct esterification method to prepare copolyesters, and its raw material adopted comprises binary acid and dihydroxylic alcohols, specifically comprises step of esterification and polycondensation steps; In described step of esterification, esterification temperature is 230 ~ 280 DEG C, and esterification absolute pressure is 0.0 ~ 0.5MPa, and esterification time is 1 ~ 5h; In described polycondensation steps, condensation temperature is 240 ~ 285 DEG C, polycondensation absolute pressure≤1KPa, and the polycondensation time is 1 ~ 4h; Described binary acid is the mixture of PTA and IPA, and the addition of IPA is 0.5 ~ 10%(percentage by weight of the addition of PTA); Described dihydroxylic alcohols is EG.
embodiment one
On 300L polyplant, add PTA, IPA and EG in polymeric kettle, the mol ratio of binary acid and dihydroxylic alcohols is the addition of 1:1.39, IPA is the 1%(mass percent that PTA measures), select antimony glycol to make catalyst.Direct esterification is carried out at reacting on 270 ~ 280 DEG C, and water byproduct and residue EG are distilled out, and 2 ~ 3hr esterification terminates.Start to vacuumize intensification.Polycondensation reaction is less than 100Pa in vacuum, carries out under 270 ~ 280 DEG C of conditions.3 ~ 4hr polycondensation reaction terminates.Control the inherent viscosity of copolyesters at 0.65 ± 0.03dl/g.The traditional performance of copolyesters is in table 1.
embodiment two
On 300L polyplant, add PTA, IPA and EG in polymeric kettle, the mol ratio of binary acid and dihydroxylic alcohols is the addition of 1:1.39, IPA is the 2%(mass percent that PTA measures), select antimony glycol to make catalyst.Direct esterification is carried out at reacting on 270 ~ 280 DEG C, and water byproduct and residue EG are distilled out, and 2 ~ 3hr esterification terminates.Start to vacuumize intensification.Polycondensation reaction is less than 100Pa in vacuum, carries out under 270 ~ 280 DEG C of conditions.3 ~ 4hr polycondensation reaction terminates.Control the inherent viscosity of copolyesters at 0.65 ± 0.03dl/g.The traditional performance of copolyesters is in table 1.
embodiment three
On 300L polyplant, add PTA, IPA and EG in polymeric kettle, the mol ratio of binary acid and dihydroxylic alcohols is the addition of 1:1.39, IPA is the 3%(mass percent that PTA measures), select antimony glycol to make catalyst.Direct esterification is carried out at reacting on 270 ~ 280 DEG C, and water byproduct and residue EG are distilled out, and 2 ~ 3hr esterification terminates.Start to vacuumize intensification.Polycondensation reaction is less than 100Pa in vacuum, carries out under 270 ~ 280 DEG C of conditions.3 ~ 4hr polycondensation reaction terminates.Control the inherent viscosity of copolyesters at 0.65 ± 0.03dl/g.The traditional performance of copolyesters is in table 1.
The normal attribute of table 1 copolyester section.
| Sample number into spectrum | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 |
| [COOH]（mol／t） | 17.17 | 19.6 | 19.36 |
| η（dl/g） | 0.643 | 0.653 | 0.661 |
| IPA content (%) | 1.0 | 2.0 | 3.0 |
Inherent viscosity in table 1 is after sample is dissolved in the phenol and tetrachloroethanes mixed liquor of 3:2, and (25.0 ± 0.05 DEG C) are with determination of ubbelohde viscometer in a water bath.
Adopt the copolyesters in above-described embodiment to carry out the production of low modulus vortex spinning special polyester staple fiber 1.33dt × 38mm on a production line, main technologic parameters arranges as shown in table 2:
Table 2 low modulus vortex spinning special polyester staple fiber production main technologic parameters.
Stable production process is normal, and the physical property of fiber is good, and concrete numerical value is in listed by table 3.
Adopt in the present invention the low modulus vortex spinning special polyester staple fiber produced through after road spinning user on probation, spinning good spinning property, spinning jet nozzle pressure decreases, and cleaning cycle extends, operational efficiency improves, and the Air Vortex Spun Yarn yarn quality produced is excellent, feel is softer, color and luster is darker.The indices contrast of the fibre property of the present invention and existing vortex spinning special polyester staple fiber, spinning performance, yarn forming performance is in table 3.
Table 3. the present invention and existing product property indices correction data.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; be noted that for those skilled in the art; under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. the processing method of a vortex spinning special polyester staple fiber, comprise copolyesters preparation process, it is characterized in that: in described copolyesters preparation process, adopt direct esterification method to prepare copolyesters, its raw material adopted comprises binary acid and dihydroxylic alcohols, specifically comprises step of esterification and polycondensation steps; In described step of esterification, esterification temperature is 230 ~ 280 DEG C, and esterification absolute pressure is 0.0 ~ 0.5MPa, and esterification time is 1 ~ 5h; In described polycondensation steps, condensation temperature is 240 ~ 285 DEG C, polycondensation absolute pressure≤1KPa, and the polycondensation time is 1 ~ 4h; Described binary acid is the mixture of PTA and IPA, and the addition of IPA is 0.5 ~ 10%(percentage by weight of the addition of PTA); Described dihydroxylic alcohols is EG.
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| CN1566176A (en) * | 2003-07-09 | 2005-01-19 | 中国石化上海石油化工股份有限公司 | Process for preparing modified polyester for the preparation of polyester fibre with high elasticity |
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| CN1961022A (en) * | 2004-05-05 | 2007-05-09 | 沙特基础工业公司 | Process for the production of polyethylene terephthalate copolyester, copolyester obtained thereby and its use and catalyst useful in the process |
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