CN103562661A - Snow/ice making & preserving methods - Google Patents
Snow/ice making & preserving methods Download PDFInfo
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- CN103562661A CN103562661A CN201280020842.2A CN201280020842A CN103562661A CN 103562661 A CN103562661 A CN 103562661A CN 201280020842 A CN201280020842 A CN 201280020842A CN 103562661 A CN103562661 A CN 103562661A
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- snow
- ice
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- cooling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D3/00—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies
- F25D3/005—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies combined with heat exchangers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
- F25C3/00—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for producing ice or snow for winter sports or similar recreational purposes, e.g. for sporting installations; Producing artificial snow
- F25C3/04—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for producing ice or snow for winter sports or similar recreational purposes, e.g. for sporting installations; Producing artificial snow for sledging or ski trails; Producing artificial snow
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
- F25C2303/00—Special arrangements or features for producing ice or snow for winter sports or similar recreational purposes, e.g. for sporting installations; Special arrangements or features for producing artificial snow
- F25C2303/048—Snow making by using means for spraying water
- F25C2303/0481—Snow making by using means for spraying water with the use of compressed air
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
This invention relates to method and system for making of artificial snow or ice for outdoor as well as indoor artificial ski as well as method and systems for preserving ice for winter recreational activities, all year round for indoor facilities and at least half year or longer for outdoor facilities. It also relates to method and systems for preserving ice using embedded coolant lines capable of absorbing the heat from the thermal storage medium through a coolant and passing on same further to snow/ice layer. It also relates to method and systems for circulating waste snow/ ice and using the thermal energy stored for snow making.
Description
The application requires to be called in the name of application on February 26th, 2011 priority of the U.S. Provisional Application 61/463,970 of " storage of indoor and outdoors, snow and ice preparation method ".
Technical field
The present invention relates to for outdoor artificial snow or ice and antificielle skifield stress-relieving activity in winter, inside plant and outdoor facilities have half 1 year or longer time at least throughout the year.Wherein, heat storage unit fills storage by refrigerating plant.From thermal storage, extract cold and manufacture snow or ice, and be arranged on the slope of containing described heat storage unit, (in the situation that of ice, be first broken into the ice of fritter), then described heat storage unit can keep ice/avenge the cold heat storage units longer time.In replacement scheme, can produce snow or ice at the air conditioner surroundings of outdoor or sealing.
Background technology
The artificial trail of background of the stress-relieving activity in winter such as indoor and outdoors skiing has existed for many years, utilizes the whole bag of tricks.Some manufacture rubble ice, and other manufacture snowflake, and the two is diverse structure.
By the method for various innovations, overcome in the past operational problem, make ice or the snowflake shape outdoor facilities of crushing relevant, for example the ice cube in a method or piece are by huge refrigeration unit, are then crushed to less size uniform and blow to slope.In other method, ice is manufactured in bucket, and it is from bucket side, to scrape ice by scraper, and thereafter, the ice scraping blows on slope.These methods are used for greatly outdoor road, have huge shortcoming, and slope in a short period of time can be used, and due to weather condition, in most of the cases, only have 1.5 months to 2 Ge Yue US Wests, perhaps
individual month eastern united states.The unconditional space of out gate depends on weather conditions to a great extent, i.e. wind, rain, temperature and humidity.Ice must constantly be manufactured on the basis of 7 days weekly 24 hours every days, the loss that stay ice fusing in advance and evaporation to cause.Current system has many shortcomings.
Equally, snow dome, temperature maintains approximately 0 degree Celsius
at the time of degree Celsius (32 degrees Fahrenheit to 23 degrees Fahrenheit) and lower temperature, during air-conditioned cover artificial snow-making, these low temperature must keep the snow of making night and day and preserving.Make snowmaking in this way, can be 100% identical structurally with real natural snow.Overcome current system load during huge refrigeration artificial snow-making, the especially use in adopting heat storage unit, thus need to reduce the size 1/8 or 1/20 of refrigeration unit.U.S. Patent number 5,230218,7,124,958 and 7,269,959 have described how to complete the so large-scale refrigeration unit size that reduces.
Then the huge heat storage unit of charging, is stored between long-term cooling non-peak period, it is desirable to a large amount of storages cooling, can use that to have passed through the supply of a day cooling, especially in the demand of huge peak value cooling load during artificial snow-making.The heart of the hot storage system of front invention, good heat conductor, before alundum (Al2O3) or aluminium oxide are mixed into water, it is freezing and to be superly cooled to approximately subzero-5 (23 to-22 degrees Fahrenheits are preferably in subzero-20 degree Celsius (4 degrees Fahrenheit) to-30 degrees Celsius.Alundum (Al2O3) or aluminium oxide, or the constraint ice of any other good heat conductor is from the heat of ice absorption, and send it to the embedded cooling pipe at ice and be connected to successively refrigeration unit, for during cooling heat storage unit or artificial snow-making, during cover in heat storage unit, the air-conditioning of regenerative apparatus cooling is the operation at " supply refrigerating mode "., only, with ice, having there are decades in the more efficient ice of heat accumulation method heat accumulation unit, does not comprise any heat conductor, otherwise will absorb heat at ice, and undertaken by cooling pipe away from it, makes their efficiency lower.But at one time, Heat Conduction Material suffers intrinsic shortcoming, because they also tend to transmit cooling or heat absorption from object contact Heat Conduction Material.
Also have an existing method of needs, to raise the efficiency, reduce electric load, and the time between charging by prolongation, this can cause again lower greenhouse gases (GHG) discharge as operation cost conversely.Except just mentioning to a certain extent, the advantage of the outdoor central in the heat storage unit that the system proposing can allow to use.
The object of the invention is to overcome the problem of current existence, thereby the ice of crushing or Xue Gengnai cause, under the weather condition of operating period of growing, due to melting, greatly reducing operation costs simultaneously, by improving energy efficiency.
Also wish to keep colder longer outdoor and indoor thermal current storage device to there is lower energy input quantity, rather than the energy efficiency of the heat-storing device of current system improves.
This is origin of the present invention generation to bring its advantage.
Summary of the invention
Need one than the more efficiently method of current method, in the energy efficiency of convenient operation and Geng Gao, bear outdoor ice and snow/center and extend operating period, by maintaining snow/ice of longer time.Although higher energy efficiency will be enjoyed in indoor skiing center, the operating cost that earning rate is lower and minimizing carbon footprint.
The system of suggestion can be used in facility or the transformation existing utility newly building up.System has overcome to a great extent and in the space of narrow or sealing, has made snow or trash ice preserve the relevant problem of facility out of doors of longer time operating in of today.
The present invention proposes new and novel method and solve the shortcoming in prior art, and equipment is provided, the accumulated snow of indoor and outdoors and trash ice facility, by overcoming difficulties, are better protected energy efficiency and ease for use.
Refrigerating plant for the size that reduces and significant energy resource consumption, this,, by being necessary ice or the time of snow making and the cover in cooling chamber, the present invention proposes the heat storage unit that high cooling load shifts during artificial snow-making, thereby, power consumption is transferred to off-peak period, utilizes the lower electricity charge.Ability in thermal storage is by the cooling snow of the speed being significantly greater than or the basis of ice, and the cover in room air can be the refrigerating plant that is significantly greater than nominal capacity, the huge heat-storing device of the cooling capacity of storing by utilization, the size of equipment can reduce the much lower cost of device start and better efficiency.
Due to during snow or the cooling requirement of ice, during being significantly higher than non-snow/ice making, catch up with the refrigerating plant of the cooling capacity that the size of the demand of stealing a glance at regenerative apparatus matches, and this be the snow that matches or ice during steal a glance at cooling requirement and make, because cooling requirement is very high, in snow and ice making operation.By the size of proposed invention refrigeration plant in practice in employing heat storage unit, mean and can reduce to 1/10 to 1/30, maximum cooling requirement.
In one aspect of the invention, the material of a large amount of heat conductivities has good heat insulator, has high specific heat and high heat conductivity, has in the Heat Conduction Material of the heat-barrier material that low specific heat and thermal conductivity factor are low simultaneously and mixes.Heat Conduction Material in essence, can absorb any thermal regenerator medium, than the cooling agent line by embedding, move, and the heat that heat-insulating material can keep the hot cooling agent of the maintenance outside in the good hot storage medium insulating to absorb is delivered in hot storage medium, thereby resist conducts heat and is based upon ice, thus the one longer period of resist melting, in most of the cases, the time up to 2 to 3 times mixes than common ice or ice and aluminium oxide conventionally.
In another embodiment, large quality is mixed in a good heat conductor or a good heat insulator mixes, and separately or together, absorbs heat insulation and also can be used for cooling water or ice slurry.
In another aspect of the present invention, the heat-storing device of proposed invention, can take any form easily.Refrigerating plant, utilize the good (cooling agent of single-phase or two-phase, for example ice is starched) secondary coolant, ethylene glycol for example, then this be in the logical overcooled refrigerating plant of cooling fluid by the freeze cycle of the heat exchanger of operation, once fully cooling, the quality that cooling agent mixes for the cooling Heat Conduction Material with good heat insulator, yet, there is high specific heat and high heat conductivity, there is the Heat Conduction Material of the heat-barrier material that low specific heat and thermal conductivity factor are low simultaneously.The material of heat conductivity just as already discussed, can absorb any heat at heat storage medium, than the cooling agent line by embedding, move, and the heat of the maintenance of heat-insulating material outside goes out to keep the heat absorbing in the good hot storage medium insulating to be delivered in the hot storage medium of cooling agent, thereby, resist conducts heat and is based upon ice, thus the one longer period of resist melting, and in most of the cases the regular ice of time up to 2 to 3 times or ice and aluminium oxide mix conventionally.The quality that another one is larger, can adopt cooling water or ice slurry, can be used as hot storage medium.At another embodiment, rather than by the cooling agent of cooling line operational excellence, i.e. ethylene glycol, good Phase cooling agent can be used as ice slurry.Ice slurry has the absorption of larger heat, because the fusion enthalpy of ice (latent heat) also can be used for than single-phase refrigerant (bittern), makes ice slurry two-phase and a more effective cold-producing medium.The cold-producing medium of typical single-phase state, approximately 45% efficiency, rather than ice slurry, this is the cold-producing medium of a two-phase state, approximately 70% efficiency.
In thermal storage, adopted a large amount of materials, this material is supercool cooling agent but, this material can form one deck snow thereon, and crystallization (with dried forms) the deposition alkali snow or the ice-cooled device that in the ice slurry of trash ice or ice cube, use keep the longer time.
In a preferred embodiment, cooling agent is from refrigerating plant, quality by the material in the hot storage medium of heat-exchanger pipeline is all, therefore, maximum heat transmission occurs in the hot storage medium in charging process, and the maximum of transmitting is in reverse order cooling, artificial snow-making equipment and architectural exterior-protecting construction from described heat storage units, at snow, ice, during microcrystal ice or ice slurry.
For skiing, wait winter sport base to tilt by horizontal strut, provide on a surface and can deposit snow or trash ice.A large amount of materials can comprise a good heat conductor, as alundum (Al2O3) and good heat insulator, as the heat insulator of cellulose fibre (aluminium oxide and sawdust or cotton fiber) or particle form itself, constraint, ice or other bonding agent, or be included in other solid materials and provide solid foundation as cement.Region between pillar, can utilize heat-storing device or the equipment of storage.
Thereby this significantly a large amount of material guarantees snow or the trash ice that supercool basis provides or is deposited on micro ice crystal at heat storage unit, in order to help prevent its fusing point for the longer time, by providing from snow below, the superhigh radiating that ice or micro ice crystal are constant.
In another embodiment of the present invention, base can be made by insulating materials, to help the position of the self-fluxing nature heat storage of definite snow or ice or micro ice crystal.
Air in inner sleeve must remain on cool place, in dry artificial snow-making process during, desirable humidity level is less than 100%, is preferably
relative humidity and the temperature of a cover between-2 to-15 degrees Celsius, this depends on that different snow arbitrarily carries out.
This may be also store in the significant hot storage medium of wishing to use cooling, rather than the refrigerating plant using and cooling and dry, the cooling and dry air of dryer.This will be also desirable pre-cooled and optional dry air, and before precooling water, each lead-in is to " snow rifle " sprayer snow and ice making.
Snow generates/produces and can store or cold storage plant by pre-cicada in cold weather hydro-thermal, preferably, by thermal storage, then it can be routed to the mixing chamber that snow makes rifle, with mixed, air or the pressure-air of desirable pre-cooled compression, then electric discharge is passed through at snowfield rifle nozzle.By nozzle water droplet out, can, than the water droplet that changes into very thin vaporific size, in face of being deposited into snow, become snowflake.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the fine mist that empty G&W can cause by independent discharge nozzle the water droplet of the snow rifle of the outside that hazes to discharge can become ice or snow crystal awing, according to the configuration of snow rifle.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, ice nucleator can add snowflake or ice to form with fast and easy in water, likely in higher temperature.
In the present invention aspect another, the temperature of Interior Layout between snow or ice age remains on-2 to-15 degrees Celsius and humidity and is less than 100%, but it is desirable to
, make water droplet leave spray tip and freeze, become snow thin slice,, finally drop to the thermal current memory cell of supercool awing.During artificial snow-making, relative humidity can rise, and due to the latent heat of fusion, because this reason humidity level starts operation before must reducing artificial snow-making, rather than carries out after having formed a lot of snow or ice.
In a preferred embodiment, the air conditioning of internal sleeve can also replace refrigerating plant to provide by heat-storing device, and especially the interval between snow is made remains on cover below freezing.
In the present invention in yet another aspect, the ice making of outdoor road, heat-storing device, cooling water-ice is just above freezing in advance, and thereafter, thermal storage, can provide cooling ice plant that chilled water Cheng Bing is out engaged in to any refrigeration plant.
Conventionally, for the temperature decline 1Btu(British thermal unit (BTU) of every 1 degrees Fahrenheit)/hour heat, must remove from the water of 1 pound, so for example, the temperature of water will need example 70-32=38BTU/ hour in 70 degrees Fahrenheits to being cooled to 32 degrees Fahrenheit aqueous waters.Therefore, need to remove the temperature decline that 38Btu/h realizes 32 degree.And, in 32 degrees Fahrenheits, realize water to the phase transformation of ice, 144Btu/ hour is essential, this is the latent heat of fusion that must remove from the water of every pound, with together with two examples, within 144+38=182Btu/ hour, heat is removed, and the water of 70 degrees Fahrenheits is freezed to 32 degrees Fahrenheits, and the heat of 182Btu/ hour must be removed from the water of each pound.There's a sudden fall in temperature for this, and phase transformation can realize without any refrigerating plant and be intended to nip in the air water in advance as proposed invention, affects phase transformation, uses heat-storing device to realize significant energy conservation.
The example of mark is relevant with 1 pound of water, seemingly inappreciable, yet, when the snow/ice of snow and ice of consideration can reach
ton, in can manufacturing and surpassing 3 to 4 hours, in the requirement at snowfield center in one night, refrigeration duty is transferred to heat storage units and is become quiet and significantly save power consumption and correlative charges thereof, and has significantly improved coml feasibility and huge carbon footprint reduces the obvious advantage of facility.
According to used method, once make it to make at ice or ice micro ice crystal, it can be scraped or pulverize, and is blown into subsequently skifield insulation supply line, and asynthetic refrigeration plant, to provide in cooling situation.
Can move or replace, in trash ice skifield and heat storage unit, then can being deposited on small spherical ice crystal by ice crystal generation machine at heat-storing device or the cooling agent of mean value in heat exchanger that freeze.Ice crystal has size for the millions of form of 0.1mm to the spherical microcrystal of 1mm, can be used for replacing trash ice.Due to circle and small size, these ice crystals can be packed more closely, rather than in trash ice, have irregular shape and larger size.This ice cream is due to more intensive packaging character, can retain better, even cooling-unlike other erose ice, mostly by air, to carry out heat, circular ice crystal, they can be flowed freely, and round the other side, all air are filled pocket and are kept being equably in direct contact with one another, thereby required low temperature preserves the longer time and compare, compare with the trash ice using at snowfield center at present.
Cooling device comprises in heat-storing device or heat storage unit ideally, preferably remain on-10 to-35 degrees Celsius (14 degrees Fahrenheits are to-31 degrees Fahrenheits), for outdoor center, be preferably in-30 degrees Celsius (22 degrees Fahrenheits), convenient approximately-7 to-30 degrees Celsius (19.4 degrees Fahrenheits are to-22 degrees Fahrenheits), but indoor center is preferably in-25 degrees Celsius (13 degrees Fahrenheits).The regenerative apparatus of temperature during artificial snow-making, from it, to be supplied to the artificial snow-making of building enclosure of sealing indoor along with cooling, outdoor center and draw cooling for cooling water, than using ice, micro ice crystal or ice slurry.Refrigerating plant, cooling have the refrigerating capacity that needs system in the snow of cooling requirement that significantly less ratio is very high or the manufacturing process of ice, the air of the inside of cooling building enclosure or snow or ice by this heat-storing device.In order to meet the thermal storage of huge cooling load, refrigerating plant cooling, rather than supply with.
Specific to an outdoor skifield, rink or temperature more than area, fairyland in outdoor winter snow face can keep snow or the ice significantly lower than environment temperature, preserved, give client the impression in winter.In order to accomplish this point, the present invention proposes employing evaporative cooling.By adopting evaporative cooling, the snow/ice face directly over a virtual cover can be created substantially, and its temperature is starkly lower than the temperature of surrounding air.Height, in, low, pressure, spraying, atomization or flash distillation/atomizer, can adopt electric discharge, chilled water, above and surperficial snow/ice around, this is more or less by being that approximately 8 nozzles are evaporated in desirable placement conventionally, snow/ice face to 10 foot above.By evaporative cooling, obtain referring to an example below.
Ambient air temperature is at the cooling effect of 70 degrees Fahrenheits and relative humidity 30% flash cooled system, can use the chart of humid air to determine, refer to Fig. 7, dry-bulb temperature is the humidity of 70 degrees Fahrenheits and 20%, the chart that wet-bulb temperature can read, and this chart is 50 degrees Fahrenheits, so 70-50=20, as being shown in this example, the temperature of 20 degrees Fahrenheits declines, because evaporative cooling is only possible, without any use and the obsolete thermal storage unit of refrigerating plant.
According to regional climate, for example, in ，Ru Arizona State, arid area, with environment temperature or 100 degrees Fahrenheits and relative humidity 10%, temperature 37 degrees Fahrenheits that decline can produce produced temperature and substantially realize 6 degrees Fahrenheit levels without using any refrigeration means.Therefore, consequent evaporative cooling can reduce the temperature of ice face, up to 20 degrees Fahrenheit to 37 degrees Fahrenheits, cover under virtual lower temperature, by evaporative cooling slope around, will help longer time maintenance ice, and alleviating the impact that ice runs off because of evaporation.
Nearly all evaporative cooling system water or approach the temperature of surrounding air, owing to thering is abundant free cooling water evaporation cooling system proposed invention, can be cooled in advance above freezing, 1 degree Celsius (33 degrees Fahrenheit) compares water for the evaporative cooling nozzle flowing out can at room temperature have higher thermal absorptivity in low temperature like this, thereby, temperature is declined larger, on snowfield/ice surface, in example above.
The grid pattern of the nozzle of the evaporimeter under above 200 * 80 feet of slopes or snow/ice area, every 5 * 5 feet of 1 nozzles, will produce the whole slope of 640 total nozzles.The rate of discharge of 1 Pounds Per Hour of the water of each nozzle be 640 pounds/time water have the discharge rate of an associating.The water of 1 pound is discharged thus, has potential evaporative cooling power 890BTU/H/ pound, at 95 Fried and stewed hairtail in soy sauce
Therefore, 640 * 890=569, the cold of 600.00Btu/ hour, and without using the refrigeration capacity of any refrigerating plant to be equivalent to 47.5 standard tons every the whole region of one hour snow/ice.According to this cooling water, to be sprayed on ambient air temperature to approach.Use the lower temperature in freezing water-cooled slope can produce much higher tonnage.
Second benefit in this system be ice mitigation, due to evaporation, as the air of transition, be room temperature or approach slope more than saturation point, thereby the loss of anti-stagnant ice amount due to evaporation, the in the situation that of high wind speed, this contributes to the ice amount loss of significant quantity.
The surface of the daily snow of washing and dressing or ice, can cause a large amount of waste snow, the frozen water of ice and thawing.Reclaim produced snow, water, rather than apply snow/ice that the heat of energy-intensive or hot-water spraying are melted, with current system, so suggestion can be constructed at the refuse snow of the freezing point depressant of spraying or FDP collection, this can change into the snow of waste of liquid or ice substantially and the temperature of the liquid that obtains declines in the supercool liquid obtaining up to 40 degrees Fahrenheit to 100 degrees Fahrenheits, then for various cooling objects.While being extracted after maximum cooling, final liquid can move by the freezing point depressant of the water of liquid liquid/gas separator or filter separation, ideally reuses liquids recovery.Be in essence useless ice 1 tone color of an amount cooling-2 degrees Celsius can become supercool liquid storage cooling after, the application of FDP, in most of the cases, nearly 40 to 80 times of increasing sounds.All this is naturally cooling, then, can be used as less important but very valuable source code, and this facility meets refrigeration duty.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, supercool liquid can be used to manufacture ice/snow.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, supercool liquid can be for evaporative cooling system.
At another preferred embodiment of the present invention, supercool liquid can utilize as secondary regenerative apparatus.
Another aspect of the present invention is that one or more aspects of mentioning here or embodiment can be combined in one or more methods and carry out the present invention.
Description based on below and appending claims, other features and advantages of the present invention will be apparent.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the sectional view of a snow dome.
Fig. 2 is the side view in the cross section of an outdoor skifield.
Fig. 3 is a fraction of view of snow and the heat storage unit below it, and the cooling pipe of heat exchanger is shown, and thermal conductance and heat insulator, is characterized in that heat-storing device, support surface (inclination skifield).
In Fig. 4, it is the skeleton diagram of evaporative cooling system.
Fig. 5 A is the skeleton diagram of Fig. 1.
In Fig. 5 B, identical with Fig. 5 A, except such arrangement shown in the ice slurry of a micro ice crystal maker and water storage tank, and ice slurry is to be used as freezing liquid.
Fig. 6 A is the machinery snow Move tool of a snow recovery system.
Fig. 6 B is that Fig. 6 A is identical, be mechanical Move tool FDP nozzle replace to come the snow of mobile slideway clock.
It in Fig. 7, is a kind of macroscopic property of chart demonstration combustion and steam mixture of psychology.
Fig. 8 is a chart, shows the temperature of paying devaporizer.
The specific embodiment
Detailed description is below the enforcement pattern of the present invention of best current imagination.This description is not to take to have limited significance, but is only used to illustrate the object of rule of the present invention, because scope of the present invention is best definition by appending claims.Selected will be described in detail according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention now, and concept of the present invention is further amplified and explains.At these embodiment only as the mode of example.In the following description, many concrete details, so that the thorough the present invention of understanding who provides enough contexts to pass on, described in these embodiment.
Yet this will be significantly, in the prior art, partly or entirely these concrete details can not implemented the present invention to those skilled in the art yet.In other examples, in the step of known feature and/or process, be not described in detail, to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the present invention.The example that should not obscure carrys out description and interpretation invention of the present invention.As herein described, each can be independently of one another or the various inventive features used with other Feature Combinations.Yet any independent inventive features may not solve one of any problem of above-mentioned discussion or problem of only solution, therefore discussed above, at least a plurality of disclosed functions of the present invention, may need to take in, to solve problem discussed above.
Now with reference to accompanying drawing, particularly with various embodiments of the present invention in, according to details described herein.Embodiment and the detail described in the case of necessary in these embodiments, to understand better in the present invention and its various embodiments, so that enough contexts to be provided.Yet this will be significantly, in the prior art, partly or entirely these concrete details can not implemented the present invention to those skilled in the art yet.Embodiment used herein is only for the object of description and interpretation.The features and advantages of the invention can be understood better, with reference to following accompanying drawing and description.
The present invention broadly provides a kind of method at room area production of artificial snow; described room area comprises: enclosed environment; described enclosed environment comprises the surface for the treatment of deposition snow on it; described method comprises: at least during system snow; by the cooling fan of air conditioning; the temperature of holding chamber inner region is at-2 degrees Celsius-15 degrees Celsius, and humidity is at 85%-95%, and described cooling fan has heat exchanger pipeline and ventilating opening; Import the water of precooling to the circuit that leads to snow gun spraying device; Pre-cooled and compress described air by refrigerating plant and air compressor respectively, nozzle by spray gun by the water of precooling and pre-cooled Bas Discharged to the air of described room area, the temperature of described room area maintains lower than-2 degrees Celsius, humidity maintains lower than 100%, and the water droplet that makes to leave spray tip awing freezes and becomes snowflake.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the humidity level of indoor environment (big envelope) is reduced to 85% to 95%, and then starts artificial snow-making operation.The temperature of Interior Layout is maintained at-2 to-15 degrees Celsius.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, being stored in cooling in heat-storage medium is to be used to provide air conditioning, and especially the time interval between snow makes, with sleeving temperature in holding chamber below freezing.Pre-frozen water combines with the pre-cooled air with compression, to form mixture.This mixture is discharged from, and according to the structure of rifle, becomes ice or snow crystal, and water droplet is caused and hazed by identical spray nozzle.Precooling water and pre-cooled and compressed air are discharged from identical nozzle.
Precooling water and drop pre-cooled and that compressed air makes water droplet become the size of a very fine mist in an alternative embodiment of the invention are discharged from different nozzles.Conventionally, refrigerating plant adopts water at low temperature, is then introduced in snow gun spraying device to line.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, be stored in cooling in heat-storage medium, and for water quench and dry air.Be again for replacing in an alternative embodiment of the invention, subcooled water obtains freezing water from reclaiming refuse accumulated snow.Before being dried, the pre-cooled air of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is introduced into the snow gun spraying device of line orientation.Ice nucleator can be added to the water, to form rapidly, even the snowflake under higher temperature or ice.
The system that the invention provides is avenged for indoors artificial manufacture, the described indoor environment that comprises a sealing, comprise the surperficial snow that will deposit on it, it is characterized in that, comprise: the exhaust outlet of the cooling fan of air-conditioning and heat-exchanger pipeline form 2 degrees Celsius of temperature Di Yu – that remain a cover in system chambers, the level that humidity is less than 100%, at least at system snow refrigerating plant, for being introduced into line snow gun spraying device refrigerating plant before precooling water, for pre-cooled air, the air of air compressor compression and the precooling water of discharge and pre-cooled air enter the airborne cover in body by spray nozzle, spray gun remains on temperature lower than-2 degrees Celsius, the level that humidity is less than 100%, making water droplet leave spray tip freezes and becomes snow thin slice awing.This system has each corner of thermal insulation layer.System in an embodiment of the present invention comprises that ooling channel network is directly embedded into ice and snow/layer.System in its preferred embodiment comprises the ooling channel network of the molded surface that is arranged on concrete slab, there is the quality that heat insulator that concave surface is filled with the mixture of Heat Conduction Material creates, this is to surpass one deck snow, the deposition of trash ice or dry micro ice crystal as base.System of the present invention at another embodiment comprises device, for pass through cooling mixture and the water of refrigeration unit of ooling channel by cooling agent, until water is frozen, and certainly will mixture ice and supercool but.Support column can be used for providing support to base, and places side by side different in size for physical culture and stress-relieving activity base tiltable held water.Space between pillar can be used for location refrigeration plant and for moving other control appliance of this system.This system adopts the heat-storing device of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, refrigerating plant instead.
The present invention also provide for create a virtual cover directly over by evaporative cooling system for the manufacture of artificial snow with remain on the method for the snow/ice on outdoor cover surface; comprise the cover under the environment of an opening, the method comprises: by having the adiabatic water distributing trough on the crown of distributing water branch line, carry out dispensing water; Precooling water refrigerating plant just have at ambient temperature much higher thermal absorptivity than the temperature above freezing of water snow introduce precooling water by cooling water line to line gun spraying device, provide the precooling water of discharging by high-pressure pump at the pressure of water center line and spray nozzle under high pressure by the spray tip of flash vessel, to open air cover and around, to provide the spray mist snow/ice face of flash cooled chilled water above.Evaporation nozzle is placed about 8-10 foot from the surface of snow/ice.Air circulate, accelerate evaporation rate from the nozzle of flash vessel, and to provide cooling.The spendable air circulation of blower fan.This refrigerating plant adopts water precooling.But, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, be stored in cooling for precooling water in heat-storage medium.Water is preferred precooling, in temperature, is at least 1 degree Celsius.Be again for replacing in an alternative embodiment of the invention, subcooled water obtains freezing water from reclaiming refuse accumulated snow.Open environment, can cover as roof and open front and side band canopy canopy and can be used for installing whole or any How It Works required equipment above.
The present invention also provides an evaporative cooling system, make artificially snow and retain in outdoor cover, by create a virtual cover directly over snow/ice at outdoor cover, cover, it comprises the environmental surfaces of an opening, it is characterized in that: a bulb water distributing trough that insulated, there is the water of distributing branch line water distributing trough, described refrigerating plant, for precooling coolant-temperature gage, higher than freezing point, there is the absorbability of much higher ratio of specific heat water, at ambient temperature, for introducing the online evaporimeter nozzle of cooling water supply line route indication, high-pressure pump provides pressure and the spray nozzle in water pipeline, the water under high pressure that the nozzle of flash distillation hair device has connected the precooling that a water distributing trough discharges enters precooling water and enters top and surface around, at the fine mist snow spray/ice of the chilled water of outdoor cover, a plurality of air circulation of being engaged in, accelerate evaporation rate from flash vessel nozzle and cooling fan, control exchange rate flash distillation and activate flash distillation nozzle with at least one controller.System in an embodiment of the present invention comprises that ooling channel network is directly embedded into ice and snow/layer.System in its preferred embodiment comprises the ooling channel network of the molded surface that is arranged on concrete slab, there is the quality that heat insulator that concave surface is filled with the mixture of Heat Conduction Material creates, this is to surpass one deck snow, the deposition of trash ice or dry micro ice crystal as base.System of the present invention at another embodiment comprises device, for by cooling agent by ooling channel, cooling this mixture and water, until water is frozen, and certainly will mixture ice and supercool but.This controller can be one mechanical, computer equipment electronics or programming, and is connected to various sensors, i.e. temperature, wind speed, humidity sensor, makes system works automatically.The nozzle of flash vessel can be arranged on snow deposit and programming is ejected, and during ejection, needs.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, this system comprises: spray nozzle, and in the place of flash vessel nozzle.This system adopts the heat-storing device of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, refrigerating plant instead.It is a kind of for keeping snow to resist elongated snow in a cover is set up in the heat transfer of ice between melting stage that the present invention also provides, and provides the coolant hose diatom of cooling agent of embedding except preferably arranging equably in 1-1.5 rice spacing; The cooling agent line embedding, the heat that the heat absorbing from heat-storage medium absorbs by Heat Conduction Material is delivered to the refrigeration unit of cooling agent, it can surround by cooling and dry air by a cooling cooling fluid, to reduce humidity level by cold air means.This mixture is intended for the snow deposit of alkali, deposition trash ice or dry micro ice crystal.Use size is the ice crystal of 0.1 millimeter to 1 millimeter.Preferably, keep by 250mm the degree of depth to the snow/ice sheet of 900 millimeters thick.Ooling channel network in one embodiment of the present of invention directly embeds into ice and snow/layer.At the ooling channel net of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be arranged on the compromise face of concrete slab, the reeded surface of tool.Concave surface Ao district and peripheral region are filled with Heat Conduction Material and make, for example al oxide granule form has heat insulator, in the mixture of the combination of the aluminium oxide of cellulosic fibre material, sawdust or cotton fiber, to set up a quality, it is characterized in that, described Heat Conduction Material is can absorb any heat from hot storage medium, to send further heat-insulating material be can keep the hot storage medium of hot heat storage medium of maintenance outside of insulation.Water is joined in mixture, until the constraint ice of mixture and supercool are but, the cooling agent in ooling channel is frozen.Ethylene glycol or single phase coolant are bittern, as cooling fluid, use.The refrigeration cycle of the heat exchanger that the cooling agent of cooling agent is cooled passes through.At the Phase cooling liquid of the present invention of another embodiment, for example ice slurry is used as cooling agent.In the invention of another embodiment, the material of heat insulator is the base concrete plate by below.Heat-insulating material is that ice or other bonding agents or particle form bind package are contained in other solid materials and provide solid foundation as cement.At one deck snow of this solid foundation, trash ice or micro-dry ice crystalline substance are deposited.Air the humidity level of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is dry, 85% to 95% humidity level.Air is cooled in the temperature range between-2 to-15 degrees Celsius.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, being stored in cooling in heat-storage medium is that to be used to provide air-conditioning be that air is cooling and dry.Cooling water or the ice slurry in the hot storage medium in embodiments of the invention with large quality.
The present invention also provides waste snow to collect and recycling system; comprise that refuse snow melting channel has at least one and tilts to collect chute; collect refuse and avenge and supply with at least one exhaust line in the liquid of regeneration supercool; have at least at least one collection chute of a kind of material Move tool to move useless snow to refuse snow melt groove; storage tank connecting power line series nozzle; nozzle is positioned at cell body top, by its freezing point antidepressant sprinkling waste snow; Paddle bottom tank is accelerated conversion stage; Pump is taken away supercool liquid and is passed through blast pipe.Refuse snow melting channel outside the pump of an alternative embodiment of the invention can be positioned at.In an embodiment of the present invention, this system comprises Move tool, from collecting chute, enters at least one material that refuse snow melting channel moves to refuse snow.System at another embodiments of the invention comprises that a plurality of spray nozzles are arranged on collection slide refuse snow spray FDP part refuse snow melting, can pass through tip chute, is easy to due to better mobile performance and gravity.This system comprises: gas-liquid separator, from liquid, extract FDP, cooling after, from such liquid extraction.
In addition, collection and recycling that the refuse of method provided by the invention is avenged, comprising: collect the waste snow melting channel of refuse snow, move to refuse snow melting channel use the material of Move tool to avenge from skewed slot refuse by least one collection chute that tilts; Pay the agent of freezing point pour-point depressant and by power line, connect a series of spray nozzle spray nozzle from accumulator tank, be positioned at freezing point pour-point depressant agent that the liquid of snow that the groove at top causes or ice sprays by nozzle to refuse snow be rotated in water tank bottom mixings oar accelerate to change mutually solid ice or avenge liquid that liquid seized supercool by blast pipe by pump from fuel tank.Refuse snow melting channel outside the pump of an alternative embodiment of the invention is positioned at.Refuse snow feeder, can move to useless snow melt groove, by the Move tool of material.The partial melting refuse snow that is arranged on the collection slide spraying FDP of snow refuse at a plurality of spray nozzles of an alternative embodiment of the invention can pass through tip chute, is easy to due to better mobile performance and gravity.Can be used for artificial snow-making and mean supercool liquid as heat accumulation.The cooled liquid of any further use of FDP extracts by fluid separation applications.
Now will describe according in various embodiments of the present invention, detailed with reference to accompanying drawing herein.The embodiment of the applicable detail in place of explanation understands in the present invention and its various embodiments, so that enough contexts to be provided better in these embodiments.Yet this will be significantly, in the prior art, partly or entirely these concrete details can not implemented the present invention to those skilled in the art yet.Embodiment used herein is only for the object of description and interpretation.The features and advantages of the invention can be understood better, with reference to following accompanying drawing and description.
Referring now to Fig. 1, the figure of the building enclosure of indoor ornament, being wherein depicted as amusement object is to produce snow or ice.This building is any size and dimension very easily, is preferably rectangle or tubular structure, but spherical or columniform shape also can be fabricated.In this figure, building is presented at 100 places, has artificial snow-making equipment in wherein.Inclination concrete slab 105 cuts into top and base section by inner space, and on slope, part and snow 101 have defined inner air cover, and it is remained on below zero centigrade ideally.Flat site at the top on the inclined-plane 105 shown in 105A, and shown in the 105B of bottom flat region.Snowy or the trash ice of the surface coverage on the slope of 105,105A and 105B.
The insulating barrier 110 of concrete slab below, insulating barrier can be any good conventional insulating materials or super insulation body, as aeroge (TM) or other any engineerings or natural insulator or their combination.Although above concrete slab is heat-storing device 115, the piping network that comprises heat exchanger, good heat insulator (natural person or the engineering) ice that combines is mixed in a good heat conductor, desirable Heat Conduction Material, can use alundum (Al2O3) graininess, and wood chip can be a good heat-insulating material, engineering material, there is good heat conductor and good heat insulator and mix together, and be subject to its constraint ice.Above heat storage units 115 rests snow or ice pulverizing/granulation layer 120 with it.Hypomere 105 at concrete slope is refrigeration plant and other control appliance of canyon 130, or can be placed on canyon other parts outside building or building together.Support concrete revetment support column series 135A and 135B.Chair jacking system is presented at 140 and pushes up to slope, and slider do not know winter land area and high mountain coffee-house in hotel shown in 145 together with 150 the balcony in hotel room, at the slope in 155 bases 105B, look into the distance the soil 145 of mystery in winter.The area that contains food law court and observation area is shown in 160.A series of snow or ice and snow rifle are evenly distributed, as shown in 165, each spray gun strategic location, with the inclined-plane 105 that produces and deposit, 105A, 105B, or snowmaker can be positioned on wall or floor snowfield, be evenly distributed under level, the cooling fan of a series of A/C is shown in 170, by the cover of exhaust outlet and heat-exchanger pipeline supply cooling-air.At 175 serial lamps and lanterns.
In the bottom of slope 105B, be that refuse snow groove is collected in gully/180.After chute 180, deposit useless snow snow waste recovery and smelting furnace 185 in.
In Fig. 2, whether identical with Fig. 1, except it, having described on an outdoor snow or ice slope 200 has air conditioning chamber's inner sleeve.Slope that may be capped, or find that there is such shed roof and front and the side opened.
The concrete slab 105 of describing at this is expediently on level, at ，Er slope, the slope roof structure of preparation, 220, shows a series of support column 225, as shown in 230, and a kind of artificial inclination of making.All systems are all identical with Fig. 1, and except the project being added below, and cover air-conditioning project 101 and 170 is deleted.420 and 425, it is desirable that the evaporative cooling system of 430 above water distribution trunks and branched line is installed the chilled water spray that is used for pressurizeing of more than 201 105, the slope people's flash vessel nozzle of film-cooled heat, but not necessarily reach or approach 0 degree Celsius (32 degrees Fahrenheit) glimmer air of surface of nice and cool snow or ice, thereby, consequent colder ambient air temperature contributes to delay due to high temperature, the fusing point of evaporation layer and the ice of loss 120 of snow or ice.In addition or flash of light vapo(u)rization system can install, just descended snow deposit 120(not show) similar fashion automatic lawn watering, flash vessel nozzle can eject and need to spray snow/ice sheet 120 that cooling water under high pressure sprays the surface of mist cold water, thereby provide flash cooled, the temperature declining, it can help resist or extend because of lower temperature snow melt or ice sheet.215 serial fans can be engaged in and be moved in air, accelerate evaporation rate from flash vessel nozzle and subsequently cooling, if there is no wind.Flash distillation, the speed of the activation of flash vessel nozzle can be controlled by controller, this controller can be machinery or electronics, or can be a computer, monitor and control the various aspects of this facility, thereby this system can automatically be controlled.Various operations can be by the controller of programming, it can be connected to various sensors and starts or close, be temperature, wind speed, humidity etc., and when, fan with which kind of speed operates under various weather conditions, is not having or is seldom having under wind condition, and this will guarantee whether pile up slope more than high humidity level, the stagnation if air becomes, with the high-caliber latent heat of enclosing.
Wind, temperature, wind speed, humidity sensor can be connected to each part that controller activates flash vessel system.Replace flash vessel or also can use spray nozzle.
The temperature that can decline in standard ambient temperature for flash cooled water, up to 10 to 37 degrees Fahrenheits, depends on temperature, wind-force and humidity.But, if chilled water or approach 0 degree Celsius be temperature suppression ratio for replacing water generates at ambient temperature, can be larger significantly because chilled water has higher thermal absorptivity.Because there is the water of the cooling regenerative apparatus 115 of abundant storage can be by using a very little amount, be stored in flash of light transpiration-cooled cooling and do not need to expand extra energy and carry out an operate power refrigeration unit water quench.
Fig. 3 illustrates part skifield 105, comprising: heat-storing device, and supporting surface, insulation and snow deposit, some ooling channels 305, form the heat storage unit that makes up heat-exchanger pipeline.Under ideal situation, ooling channel arranges evenly, except being designated as " w ", is preferably being separated by the interval of 1 to 1.5 meter, depends on the size of pipeline and in parallel with each other perpendicular to the length on inclined-plane 105, the length from the top to the bottom on the slope of whole service.The thermal conductivity of the mixture of the ooling channel of middle embedding and the material of thermal insulation, such material comprises that aluminium oxide (activated alumina) particle form and wood sawdust are laid on flat surfaces, combine with ice 115.In addition, in the mixture and cement of alundum (Al2O3) and sawdust (heat conductor and heat insulator), this may be a less mixed proportion, at 9% to 40%(volume) scope in, can be bound.In another embodiment, ooling channel network 305 is plastic surperficial 310, on concrete slab 105, installs, and has recessed surface, has pipeline can be positioned at described surface.Concave surface Ao district and peripheral region can be filled with the mixture of aluminium oxide, sawdust.Afterwards, water is added, freeze, until the cooling agent in the ooling channel of aluminium oxide fixture, the constraint but of sawdust ice and supercool.On the surface of the heat storage units 115 of snow or ice, form and deposition, snow/ice 120 keeps cooling by unit 115, and unit 115 keeps cooling by ooling channel 305, and ooling channel 305 is resisted against concrete surface l05, and surperficial l05 is isolated by insulating surface 110.Depth representing on snowfield is " d ".
In addition, pipeline 305 is embedded in aluminium oxide and sees the constraint of ice or aluminum oxide dust mixture and sawdust is sneaked into concrete slab and may be eliminated, and cooling water pipe, can be directly embedded into ice and snow/layer maintenance cooling.
" i " expression, from snowfield, this some snow, if inhomogeneous, the too high temperature of snow of meeting generating portion may cause being with a part of avenging with the thermoisopleth snow deposit of inhomogeneous uniformity in identical temperature range.Avoid the snow cover under this problem to be arranged to distribute cooling as far as possible equably, take the maintained cooling agent line of quality of snow/ice of guaranteeing that whole snow face is even number, arrangement in Fig. 3, to be uniformly distributed in order to realize cold temperature, prevent that heat from passing through a heat-conducting layer simultaneously, and a thermal insulation layer, its formation aluminium oxide and sawdust are embedded in the set objective of ice.In ideal conditions, the thickness of the snow/ice sheet of the degree of depth is that 250mm to 900mm(9.8in is to 35 inch), the temperature of the snow/ice of this degree of depth remains on lip-deep snow, to maintain required quality, can be on desirable/ice surface.
In Fig. 4, it is the schematic diagram of a simple flash vaporization cooling system.See now in figure above, 400 is cooling water line evaporative cooling insulation supply flumes 405,410th, and high-pressure pump is connected to main power line 415, and this sends into again basic routing line 420A, 420B etc. conversely.The series evaporation nozzle 430S such as 425-1425-2 and 425-3 are connected branch line, thin water smoke is walked out 430-1,430-2,430-3 etc., description be 435-1,435-2, the high-pressure pumps such as 435-3 410 are necessary, so that enough pressure line and water spray nozzles 430 to be provided, make out the same of water, by enough strength, set up one fast, fine mist flash evaporation is raw.
Fig. 5 illustrates the schematic diagram of Fig. 1, the condenser of an A/C evaporimeter, and shown in A/C unit 520, and outside the building, not shown in the drawings.Be presented at a main heat storage units of 115, comprise cooling power line electrical network 305.Heat storage unit, it comprises good heat conductor, a good heat insulator arrives 50%(weight 5%), it is desirable to 5% to 15%(weight), more random, ice combines.Thermal storage, remain on ideally 115-10 to-35 degrees Celsius (14 degrees Fahrenheits are to-29 degrees Fahrenheits), cooling, from heat storage unit, be used as and draw, need cooling building enclosure, and meet the radiating requirements of the 522A of other supply lines, and postrun cooling fluid starts heat storage off-duty train unit by line of return 522B by A/C unit 520 by the cooling building enclosure of a series of air-treatment unit 170 by the cooling fluid of crossing, and another return air is processed unit and is carried out cooling.The charge period of heat storage unit between, coolant cools, by A/C unit, so that the heat storage unit of the heat of setting up that it can be taken away.When in the normal operation period, particularly during snowing during, cooling drawing from thermal storage.
Suppose that heat radiation memory cell is conventionally according to the normal operation at indoor center, the enough accumulated snow that charges completely, the time used in each cycle will be as follows.
4 hours artificial snow-making phases
Client uses facility 16 hours
Snow is safeguarded/is maintained 2.5 hour
In building enclosure, carry out air conditioning 1.5 hours
Obviously, in the above example, it provides within 20 hours, by A/C unit, filled cold for thermal current storage device.
Snow/ice is made for cooling water that can heat-storing device, or same water can refrigerate secondary heat-storing device.
Less important heat storage unit 525, and shown in a series of cooling fluid heat exchanger grid lines 525526.Cooling water is supplied with the needs by the each side of power line 526, after cooling fluid by air conditioner unit 170, it is the second heat memory cell 525 recharging by return line 526B, after this, the repetition period is returned where necessary.Phase change in the ice and snow/accumulator tank of cooling second heat memory cell from refuse accumulated snow refuse.Naturally occurring or design preferred freezing point depressant (FDP), or both combinations, there is eutectic temperature-60 degrees Fahrenheit to refuse ice and snow/accumulator tank in-100 degrees Fahrenheits and spray 185, snow/the ice causing becomes liquid, there is temperature and carry out phase place variation for the useless snow of-1 to-4 degree Celsius, can have in the scope of temperature-60-100 degrees Fahrenheit of the liquid obtaining.By the FPD agent of spraying, replace hot water refuse snow melt, the energy of reasonable amount can be saved, otherwise will be used to water heating, and meanwhile, a large amount of is cooling, can realize without using any machinery or electric power energy input.Then, can use the supercool liquid of this storage as less important heat storage unit.Usually, as waste collection snow, this circulation can repeat, and this system is cooling, may or may not can in this area carries out the backup source of using second heat memory cell.Snow or ice that can be in replacement scheme, what then deliberately the FPD agent of melting spraying realized be specifically cooling, then, can use as required.
Or loop line 526B can pass through the cooling refrigerant liquid of A/C unit routing section, then enters secondary heat storage units lattice pipeline 526.Air compressor, air dry-set adopts 528.Air compressor 528 can be used for artificial snow-making " snow rifle " 165, available cooling water groove 527 during by power line 530 supply compressed air chilled water.Floor drain provides 529.
In Fig. 5 B, the schematic diagram of Figure 1A and Tu IB, and be that in almost identical Fig. 5 A, those projects that are different from Fig. 5 A will here be discussed.The present embodiment is used ice slurry as cooling agent.First micro ice crystal generator produce ice slurry be added to 532 from power supply, supplied with cooling, and return from the refrigerant line 531(of A/C unit 520 not shown), as shown in Figure 5A.Replaced single phase coolant as ethylene glycol, the ice slurry that microcrystal ice generator 532 produces.Scrape ice crystal, and feed back to ice/water or water and FDP and sneak into, (salt solution) hopper 533, and this be a high efficiency dual phase coolant as charging between the slurry of the ice in the heat storage unit in charging process snow during business.Although during avenging, can take cooling from heat-storing device of identical cooling agent, and the building enclosure being provided, to promote artificial snow-making.Cooling, the architectural exterior-protecting construction that is preferably provided for air-conditioning purposes during non-snow also from described heat-storing device.Look at now Fig. 6 A, snow waste collection and reconstituted circularly system.The 810th, collecting refuse snow or ice is that a screw type material Move tool moves waste collection slideway 180 snow refuse snow melt grooves 185 at collection slide 180,815.In water tank 185 is that a series of spray nozzle 825 is used for spraying the gloomy device of freezing point (FPD) agency to refuse snow 810, makes its phase transformation from solid to liquid.Nozzle 825 is admitted to supply line's 820 form FDP agent storage tank (not shown)s.FDP spraying can cause snow or ice, and to open liquid, its temperature can decline up to 50-100 degrees Fahrenheit simultaneously, and this depends on used FDP type and its eutectic temperature, thereby, increase up to
the thermal capacity storage of the liquid doubly obtaining.For example, to have the cooling capacity of the 1 ton cooling capacity after its solid form changes the super phase place that is cooled to liquid form that causes then the liquid of gained can being used to being provided for various objects be 100 tons for 1 ton of refuse snow or ice; Comprise air conditioning.Because 825s is sprayed to FDP on 810, by mixing both, mix oar 830 and accelerate 810 phase transformation.The 835th, the subcooled liquid obtaining in the bottom of groove 185 is outside groove, and the supercool liquid that pump is taken away is used in the second temperature-sensitive memory cell by exhaust line 840 or needs cooling directly cooling.Once all cooling extractions then can be by it by the gas-liquid separator of liquid from liquid 835, FDP separates from water, and delivers to respectively maintenance groove separately for another cycle.
As alternatively described in Fig. 6 B, as using substituting of material mobile device 815, FDP spray nozzle can be placed in chute 180, by being easy to the useless snow of tip chute partial melting due to better mobile performance and gravity.
Fig. 7 shows the combustion and steam mixture of physics and macroscopic property and the temperature that flash memory devaporizer is paid generation, is a kind of psychology chat, the water that this figure describes earning rate at normal temperatures.This system can be used chilled water or approach 0 degree Celsius has the environment temperature producing as cooling water generation much lower, can have better absorption heat.Water can be enriched by the storage of supercool heat storage units is cooling by route in precooling.
Fig. 8 is a chart, and the temperature that can be used in devaporizer is shown, and under the chart on environment temperature is 90 degrees Fahrenheits and 15% relative humidity, the temperature of evaporative cooling system drops to 69 degrees Fahrenheits and differs 21 degrees Fahrenheits and do not use A/C unit.
Any or all assembly of the technology proposing can be used for the indoor or outdoors Xue/Bing center beyond the object of any and all A/C that thermmal storage will be used or refrigeration.The technology of suggestion also can be specifically designed to provides heat accumulation building, commercial Application, or for the air-conditioning of any other type and the object of freezing.
In foregoing description in the above-described embodiments, with reference to the accompanying drawing that forms a part of the present invention, come, in illustrative mode, also can implement a specific embodiment of the present invention, in this embodiment, this is well-known.But should be appreciated that and can utilize in other embodiment, can not depart from the scope of the present invention or composition, and the variation of structure.It also should be appreciated that without departing from the scope of the invention, can add or delete some assembly or technology.
Although the present invention has described the embodiment with respect to limited quantity, for those skilled in the art, benefit from of the present disclosurely, will understand, can design in other embodiment, within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Certainly, it should be understood that the above-mentioned modification that relates to exemplary embodiment of the present invention, can, not departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, described in claims, arrange.
Claims (20)
1. in a method for room area production of artificial snow, described room area comprises: enclosed environment, and described enclosed environment comprises the surface for the treatment of deposition snow on it, described method comprises:
At least, during system snow, by the cooling fan of air conditioning, the temperature of holding chamber inner region is at-2 degrees Celsius-15 degrees Celsius, and humidity is at 85%-95%, and described cooling fan has heat exchanger pipeline and ventilating opening;
Import the water of precooling to the circuit that leads to snow gun spraying device;
Pre-cooled and compress described air by refrigerating plant and air compressor respectively, nozzle by spray gun by the water of precooling and pre-cooled Bas Discharged to the air of described room area, the temperature of described room area maintains lower than-2 degrees Celsius, humidity maintains lower than 100%, and the water droplet that makes to leave spray tip awing freezes and becomes snowflake.
2. the method for claim 1, wherein before discharge, the water of precooling mixes with air pre-cooled and that compress and forms mixture.
3. method as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, described mixture is discharged by same spray nozzle, causes the atomization of water droplet, then, according to the structure of snow rifle, becomes ice or snow crystal.
4. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, the water of described precooling is discharged from different nozzles from the air of pre-cooled and compression, makes water droplet become very fine mist size drop.
5. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, with the cold being stored in heat-storage medium, carrys out freezing described water, and cooling and dry described air.
6. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, further comprising the steps: by being added in water of ice nucleator, even if to form rapidly snowflake or ice under higher temperature.
7. by manufacturing and keep the evaporative cooling system of snow to create the method for artificial environment on the ice/snow surface of indoor environment for artificial, described room area comprises: open environment,
Described method comprises:
By the crown, isolate distribution channel and scatter water, described distribution channel has water distribution branched line,
By refrigerating plant by water precooling to the temperature higher than the freezing point of water just, so that it is more much higher than the water under environment temperature to make it thermal absorptivity;
By chilled water supply line, import the water of precooling to the circuit that leads to snow gun spraying device;
By high-pressure pump, at waterline and spray nozzle place, provide pressure, and the water of under high pressure discharging precooling by the flash distillation nozzle of spray gun to snow/ice surface and near, and in outdoor environment, spray the trickle mist of chilled water, so that flash cooled to be provided.
8. method according to claim 7, is characterized in that, is stored in cold in heat-storage medium for water described in precooling.
9. method according to claim 7, is characterized in that, further comprises the steps: to carry out circulated air with a plurality of fans, to increase from the evaporation rate of flash vessel nozzle and subsequently cooling.
10. one kind for preserving the method for snow, its heat by the ice in restriction sealing cover conducts to extend snow between melting stage, the coolant lines of embedding is provided, coolant hose is with the arrangement evenly and at intervals of 1-1.5 rice, wherein, described cooling agent pipe network is arranged on the molded surface of concrete slab, described concrete slab has concave surface, the mixture of Heat Conduction Material and water is filled in concave surface Ao district and peripheral region, described Heat Conduction Material can absorb heat from hot storage medium, hot storage medium is with heat-insulating material, described heat-insulating material is by keeping the heat of outside do not enter and can keep hot storage medium by heat insulation well, make cooling agent pass through the coolant lines of the described embedding of refrigerating plant, described cooling agent is by being cooled through over-heat-exchanger kind of refrigeration cycle, can from hot storage medium, absorb heat by Heat Conduction Material, and the heat of absorption is passed in cooling agent, and the water that is added into mixture can be freezed, until described mixture is retrained by ice and the super cooling material forming, described material is as basis, wherein, deposition snow on described basis, trash ice or dry tiny ice crystal, and by conditioner cooling and dry interior air, to reduce humidity level.
11. methods as claimed in claim 10, is characterized in that, described ooling channel network is directly embedded in snow/ice sheet.
12. methods as claimed in claim 10, is characterized in that, use size is the ice crystal of 0.1 millimeter to 1 millimeter.
13. methods as claimed in claim 10, is characterized in that, cooling agent is ethylene glycol.
14. methods as claimed in claim 10, is characterized in that, cooling agent is the single phase coolant such as salt solution.
15. methods as claimed in claim 10, is characterized in that, described cooling fluid is the Phase cooling liquid such as ice slurry.
16. methods according to claim 10, the cooling water of wherein said heat-storage medium or ice slurry have the method for large quality.
17. methods as claimed in claim 10, is characterized in that, heat conductor is the alundum (Al2O3) of particle form.
18. as method according to claim 10, it is characterized in that, described heat insulator comprises cellulosic fibre material, i.e. the combination of aluminium oxide and sawdust or cotton fiber.
19. methods as claimed in claim 10, is characterized in that, heat insulator is the particle form material by the constraint of ice or other bonding agents, or comprise other solid materials such as cement that are to provide below concrete slab solid foundation.
20. methods as claimed in claim 10, is characterized in that, described in be stored in heat-storing device cold for cooling and dry described air.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US201161463970P | 2011-02-26 | 2011-02-26 | |
| US61/463970 | 2011-02-26 | ||
| PCT/US2012/000108 WO2012115718A2 (en) | 2011-02-26 | 2012-02-25 | Snow/ ice making & preserving methods |
| US13/385,625 US20130264032A1 (en) | 2011-02-26 | 2012-02-25 | Snow/ ice making & preserving methods |
| US13/385625 | 2012-02-25 |
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| CN103562661A true CN103562661A (en) | 2014-02-05 |
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| US (1) | US20130264032A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2014506668A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN103562661A (en) |
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| CN108474606A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2018-08-31 | F3冰雪科技公司 | Artificial snow-making facility and for the method from artificial snow-making facilities exhaust snowmaking |
| CN109506402A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-03-22 | 黑龙江黑格新材料科技有限公司 | Organic colour ice making process |
| CN109539651A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-03-29 | 天津商业大学 | A kind of snowmaker based on injector |
| CN109800472A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-05-24 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | The instantaneous ice of blade surface carries calculation of pressure distribution method in a kind of ice paddle contact process |
| CN110382063A (en) * | 2016-11-07 | 2019-10-25 | 斯诺安全有限公司 | For handling the method for being used to store the heat-insulating material of snow |
| CN110799254A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2020-02-14 | 无限休闲控股有限公司 | Climate strategy for indoor entertainment facilities |
| CN111456505A (en) * | 2020-05-17 | 2020-07-28 | 青岛三友制冰设备有限公司 | Mobile normal-temperature ice and snow paradise and operation method thereof |
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| DE102013017220A1 (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2015-04-23 | Ziemann International GmbH | Method and cooling system for transferring heat from a medium to a heat transfer medium in a process for food production, preferably in beverage production, in particular in beer production; and corresponding uses |
| DE102014110088A1 (en) * | 2014-07-17 | 2016-01-21 | ZIEMANN HOLVRIEKA GmbH | A method of controlling an apparatus for forming droplets of a heat transfer medium in an atmosphere in a food production process, apparatus for carrying out the process, and corresponding uses |
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- 2012-02-25 JP JP2013555420A patent/JP2014506668A/en active Pending
- 2012-02-25 WO PCT/US2012/000108 patent/WO2012115718A2/en active Application Filing
- 2012-02-25 CN CN201280020842.2A patent/CN103562661A/en active Pending
- 2012-02-25 US US13/385,625 patent/US20130264032A1/en not_active Abandoned
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| CN108474606A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2018-08-31 | F3冰雪科技公司 | Artificial snow-making facility and for the method from artificial snow-making facilities exhaust snowmaking |
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| CN110799254A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2020-02-14 | 无限休闲控股有限公司 | Climate strategy for indoor entertainment facilities |
| CN109506402A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-03-22 | 黑龙江黑格新材料科技有限公司 | Organic colour ice making process |
| CN109539651A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-03-29 | 天津商业大学 | A kind of snowmaker based on injector |
| CN109539651B (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2020-07-28 | 天津商业大学 | Snow making machine based on ejector |
| CN109800472A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-05-24 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | The instantaneous ice of blade surface carries calculation of pressure distribution method in a kind of ice paddle contact process |
| CN109800472B (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2022-09-27 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Blade surface instantaneous ice load pressure distribution calculation method in ice blade contact process |
| CN111456505A (en) * | 2020-05-17 | 2020-07-28 | 青岛三友制冰设备有限公司 | Mobile normal-temperature ice and snow paradise and operation method thereof |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20130264032A1 (en) | 2013-10-10 |
| WO2012115718A3 (en) | 2012-11-01 |
| WO2012115718A2 (en) | 2012-08-30 |
| JP2014506668A (en) | 2014-03-17 |
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