CN103560321A - Dual-frequency wide-band antenna of eccentric feed slot asymmetric vibrator-slot line composite structure - Google Patents
Dual-frequency wide-band antenna of eccentric feed slot asymmetric vibrator-slot line composite structure Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dual-frequency wide-band antenna of an eccentric feed slot asymmetric vibrator-slot line composite structure, and belongs to the field of microwave techniques. A top layer radiating element and a bottom layer radiating element are respectively designed on a dielectric substrate with a dielectric constant ranging from 2 to 20, the top layer radiating element and the bottom layer radiating element have the same structure and different sizes, oppositely arranged in forward and reverse directions, and respectively formed by compounding an asymmetric polygonal vibrator unit and a gradient slot line radiating element, the top layer polygonal vibrator unit and the bottom layer polygonal vibrator unit have the same inclination angle structure and different sizes, and the top layer gradient slot line radiating element and the bottom layer gradient slot line radiating element have the same structure and different lengths. A balancing eccentric (deviating from a symcenter point) feed mode is adopted in practical application. Compared with a traditional dual-frequency wide-band antenna structure, the antenna structure of the dual-frequency wide-band antenna has the advantages that the eccentric feed mode is adopted, multimode resonance is caused, high frequency band lower limit operating frequency can be obviously reduced, and the bandwidth is increased. The dual-frequency wide-band antenna has the advantages of being simple in structure, small and exquisite in size, low in manufacturing cost and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of double-frequency broadband antenna, belong to microwave technical field.
Background technology
Growing along with wireless communication technology, the Technology of Ultra is high with its transmission rate, strong anti-interference performance, be with wide, transmitted power is little, the advantage such as with low cost and enjoy attention, is mainly used in the fields such as high speed WLAN, indoor communications, home network.Along with the development of wireless local area network technology, the application of WLAN in live and work is more and more extensive, and the effect of performance is also increasing.For all standard of WLAN (wireless local area network), the antenna that design is applicable to wireless LAN communication network requirement has very important practical significance.The WLAN antenna that design meets WLAN IEEE802.11a/b/g standard should have miniaturization, broadband, multiband (WLAN working frequency range: characteristic 2.4-2.485GHz/5.15-5.35GHz/5.725-5.825GHz), and on all working frequency range, there is good impedance matching property, certain gain and stable antenna pattern, also require simultaneously low section, easily conformal, low-cost, be conveniently integrated in microwave integrated circuit.
Traditional ultra-wideband antenna, as helical antenna, logarithm periodic antenna and cone antenna etc., although all there is ultra broadband characteristic,, they have plenty of stereochemical structure, and what have has a large and complicated planar structure, is unfavorable for compact applications; In addition, traditional double-frequency broadband antenna structure is complicated, limited bandwidth, can not cover the frequency range of multiple types wireless communication system.The present invention will propose a kind of small sized double frequency/broadband combined characteristic antenna, be applied to portable WLAN, RFID and super broad band radio communication system.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve antenna volume, bandwidth and performance issue, by adopting eccentric feeding classification, the multimode resonance that causes oscillator increases bandwidth, the present invention propose a kind of novel structure simple, there is double frequency/broadband combined characteristic, be convenient to make asymmetrical vibrator-slot line combined structure antenna of the eccentric feed of realizing, for the sky line development of multiband/broadband portable set provides technological reserve.
The present invention is for solving the problems of the technologies described above, and adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of double-frequency broadband antenna of asymmetrical vibrator-slot line combined structure of eccentric feed, comprise medium substrate, printing is arranged on the double-edged top layer radiating element of medium substrate and bottom radiating element respectively, mutually asymmetric, positive and negatively between described top layer radiating element and bottom radiating element with respect to medium substrate, arrange; The distributing point of described double-frequency broadband antenna departs from antenna structure perpendicular bisector certain distance;
Described top layer radiating element is connected and composed by top layer tapered slot radiating element and top layer polygon oscillator unit, and described bottom radiating element is connected and composed by bottom tapered slot radiating element and bottom polygon oscillator unit; Wherein, described top layer polygon oscillator unit and bottom polygon oscillator unit have identical distributing point obliquity structure and oscillator end obliquity structure, and the oscillator height of described top layer polygon oscillator unit and bottom polygon oscillator unit equates; The length of described top layer polygon oscillator unit is less than the length of bottom polygon oscillator unit, and the distributing point that the difference of both length is antenna departs from the twice of antenna structure perpendicular bisector distance;
Described top layer tapered slot radiating element is not identical with bottom tapered slot radiative unit structure, and wherein the height of top layer tapered slot radiating element is greater than the height of bottom gradual change radiating element.
Further prioritization scheme as the double-frequency broadband antenna of the asymmetrical vibrator-slot line combined structure of eccentric feed of the present invention: the scope at described distributing point inclination angle is: 0 °-61 °, the scope at described oscillator end inclination angle is: 0 °-53 °.
Further prioritization scheme as the double-frequency broadband antenna of the asymmetrical vibrator-slot line combined structure of eccentric feed of the present invention: the distance range that the distributing point of described double-frequency broadband antenna departs from antenna structure perpendicular bisector is: 1-3.5mm.
Further prioritization scheme as the double-frequency broadband antenna of the asymmetrical vibrator-slot line combined structure of eccentric feed of the present invention: the scope of the difference in height of described top layer tapered slot radiating element and bottom gradual change radiating element is: 20-23.5mm.
Further prioritization scheme as the double-frequency broadband antenna of the asymmetrical vibrator-slot line combined structure of eccentric feed of the present invention: top layer tapered slot radiating element and bottom tapered slot radiating element all adopt the gradual manner of arbitrary shape, comprise: rectigradation mode, or index gradual manner, parabola gradual manner, multistage step gradual manner.
Further prioritization scheme as the double-frequency broadband antenna of the asymmetrical vibrator-slot line combined structure of eccentric feed of the present invention: the dielectric constant range of described medium substrate is 2-20.
Further prioritization scheme as the double-frequency broadband antenna of the asymmetrical vibrator-slot line combined structure of eccentric feed of the present invention: the height of described top layer tapered slot radiating element is 2 times of bottom gradual change radiating element height.
The present invention adopts above technical scheme, compared with prior art has following technique effect:
The present invention is by adopting polygon vibrator radiating unit and the eccentric feeding classification that causes multimode resonance, obtained double frequency/broadband combined characteristic, wherein the lower frequency limit of the second frequency range has obviously reduced 1.4GHz left and right, relative bandwidth is about 119%, than its high-frequency band bandwidth of traditional symmetrical dipole-line of rabbet joint combination double-frequency broadband antenna, significantly improve, and antenna pattern does not have large fluctuation.This antenna structure is novel simple, and volume is small and exquisite, easy to make and with low cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 a is the floor map of antenna of the present invention.
Fig. 1 b is the generalized section of antenna of the present invention.
Fig. 2 a is the floor map of the double-frequency broadband antenna of traditional symmetrical dipole-tapered slot line combined structure.
Fig. 2 b is the generalized section of the double-frequency broadband antenna of traditional symmetrical dipole-tapered slot line combined structure.
Fig. 3 explains the CURRENT DISTRIBUTION schematic diagram that increases antenna high band bandwidth by eccentric feeding classification.
Fig. 4 a is the oscillator schematic diagram that eccentric feed encourages a plurality of resonance points that passes through that utilizes the calculating of IE3D software, and the heavy line in figure, fine line and dotted line are respectively that eccentric distance is the oscillator schematic diagram of 0mm, 1mm, 2mm.
Fig. 4 b is the return loss characteristic schematic diagram that eccentric feed encourages a plurality of resonance points that passes through that utilizes the calculating of IE3D software, and the heavy line in figure, fine line and dotted line are respectively that corresponding eccentric distance is the return loss characteristic of 0mm, 1mm, 2mm.
Fig. 5 is the return loss characteristic that utilizes the antenna of the present invention of IE3D software calculating.
Fig. 6 is the return loss characteristic that utilizes the double-frequency broadband antenna of traditional symmetrical dipole-tapered slot line combined structure that IE3D software calculates.
Fig. 7 is the antenna pattern that utilizes the antenna of the present invention of IE3D software calculating.
Fig. 8 is the antenna pattern that utilizes the double-frequency broadband antenna of traditional symmetrical dipole-tapered slot line combined structure that IE3D software calculates.
Fig. 9 utilizes the antenna of the present invention of IE3D software calculating and the gain curve between the double-frequency broadband antenna of traditional symmetrical dipole-tapered slot line combined structure, the wherein gain of the corresponding antenna of the present invention of solid line, the gain of the double-frequency broadband antenna of the corresponding traditional symmetrical dipole-tapered slot line combined structure of dotted line.
Label in Fig. 1 a, Fig. 1 b: the 1st, medium substrate, the 2nd, top layer tapered slot radiating element, the 3rd, bottom tapered slot radiating element, the 4th, top layer polygon oscillator unit, the 5th, bottom polygon oscillator unit, the 6th, distributing point inclination angle, the 7th, oscillator end inclination angle, the 8th, eccentric distance, the 9th, line of rabbet joint difference in height.
Label in Fig. 2 a, Fig. 2 b: 1 ' is medium substrate, 2 ' is top layer tapered slot radiating element, and 3 ' is bottom tapered slot radiating element, and 4 ' is top layer polygon oscillator unit, and 5 ' is bottom polygon oscillator unit, 6 ' is distributing point inclination angle.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail:
First it should be noted that, printed-gap antenna in the past (fluting is made on the shielded conductor of circuit board), majority is to adopt eccentric feed and excitation.Because the CURRENT DISTRIBUTION of the CURRENT DISTRIBUTION of narrow slit and its complementary metal oscillator is antithesis (that is: center is 0, and two ends are maximum) just in time, only have eccentric feed just can excite.Yet the leaky antenna designing like this, the overwhelming majority is narrow-band characteristic (bandwidth is no more than 2:1).For dipole antenna, because its CURRENT DISTRIBUTION is maximum at center, in order to guarantee fully excitation and actinomorphy, should not adopt eccentric feed.
And the present invention adopts the Combination Design antenna of oscillator and the line of rabbet joint, because the situation of the field distribution merchandiser gap after combination or oscillator is all different, therefore can excite a plurality of patterns by a certain proportion of asymmetric eccentric feeding classification, more easily realize broadband character than symmetrical feed structure simultaneously.
If Fig. 1 a is in conjunction with as shown in Fig. 1 b, structure of the present invention is: antenna is produced on medium substrate 1, and radiating element consists of top layer radiating element and bottom radiating element, both mutually asymmetric, structure is identical, size is different, positive and negative relative medium substrate 1 is arranged.Described eccentric feed refers to that the distributing point of antenna departs from antenna structure perpendicular bisector certain distance.Top layer tapered slot radiating element 2 and top layer polygon oscillator unit 4 connect and compose top layer radiating element, and bottom tapered slot radiating element 3 and bottom polygon oscillator unit 5 connect and compose bottom radiating element.
The asymmetry of top layer and bottom radiating element is combined by the asymmetry of top layer, bottom tapered slot radiating element and top layer, bottom polygon oscillator unit.Wherein, top layer polygon oscillator unit 4 and with it asymmetric bottom polygon oscillator unit 5 have distributing point inclination angle 6 structures and oscillator end inclination angle 7 structures, the scope at distributing point inclination angle 6 is 0 °-61 °, the scope at oscillator end inclination angle 7 is 0 °-53 °, top layer, bottom polygon oscillator cell height equates, the length of top layer polygon oscillator unit 4 is less than the length of bottom polygon oscillator unit 5, the difference of its length is the twice that the distributing point of antenna departs from antenna structure perpendicular bisector distance, concrete enforcement can be moved certain distance along the negative axle of x by traditional symmetrical dipole distributing point place, this distance is the distance of eccentric distributing point and antenna structure perpendicular bisector, also be eccentric distance 8, its scope is 1-3.5mm, the advantage of design can cause the multimode resonance of oscillator like this, thereby significantly increase bandwidth.
Top layer tapered slot radiating element 2 is with asymmetric bottom tapered slot radiating element 3 structures are identical with it, size is different, the height of top layer tapered slot radiating element 2 is greater than the height of bottom gradual change radiating element 3, and its difference in height is line of rabbet joint difference in height 9, and scope is 20-23.5mm.
If Fig. 2 a is in conjunction with as shown in Fig. 2 b, it is the double-frequency broadband antenna of traditional symmetrical dipole-tapered slot line combined structure, its structure is: antenna is produced on medium substrate 1 ', radiating element consists of top layer radiating element and bottom radiating element, both structures, size are identical, about medium substrate 1 ' antisymmetry, arrange.Top layer radiating element consists of top layer tapered slot radiating element 2 ' and top layer polygon oscillator unit 4 ', and bottom radiating element consists of bottom tapered slot radiating element 3 ' and bottom polygon oscillator unit 5 '.Wherein, top layer, bottom polygon oscillator unit have distributing point obliquity structure 6 '.
Contrast accompanying drawing 4a and Fig. 4 b, by changing the eccentric distance 8 of the polygon oscillator unit of antenna of the present invention, obtain different return loss characteristic curves.Wherein heavy line, fine line and dotted line respectively corresponding eccentric distance be oscillator schematic diagram and the corresponding return loss characteristic of 0mm, 1mm, 2mm.When eccentric distance is 0mm,, when symmetrical centre feed, return loss characteristic only has a resonance point (by return loss >=10dB); When eccentric distance is 1mm, two resonance points have been there are; And when eccentric distance is 2mm, there are three resonance points.Operation principle shown in 3 by reference to the accompanying drawings, in the situation that antenna volume is constant, adopts eccentric feeding classification, reduce the lower limit operating frequency of high band, to have remarkable result to improving the impedance bandwidth of antenna of the present invention.
Reference frame in contrast accompanying drawing 1a, Fig. 1 b and accompanying drawing 7, Fig. 8, accompanying drawing 7 (a)-(f) provided respectively the double-frequency broadband antenna 2.4GHz of the asymmetrical vibrator-slot line combined structure of eccentric feed, the main working face directional diagram of 8.1GHz, 14.2GHz (xy-plane and zy-plane), accompanying drawing 8 (a)-(f) provided respectively the double-frequency broadband antenna 2.4GHz of traditional symmetrical dipole-tapered slot line combined structure, the main working face directional diagram of 8.1GHz, 12.1GHz (xy-plane and zy-plane), solid line in figure is main pole polarization component, and dotted line is cross polar component.Visible in 2.4GHz frequency range antenna there is good omnidirectional radiation characteristic; Along with operating frequency increases, directional diagram progressively present certainly to radiation characteristic.Asymmetry due to antenna structure, the angle that the more traditional symmetrical double-frequency broadband antenna greatest irradiation direction y axle of greatest irradiation direction of antenna of the present invention departs from is about 1-30 °, but within the scope of working frequency range, the maximum gain of antenna of the present invention with y axial gain compare, difference, within the scope of 0.1-2.6dBi, can think that its fluctuation is little.
In sum, the double-frequency broadband antenna of the asymmetrical vibrator-slot line combined structure of eccentric feed, adopt eccentric feeding classification and unsymmetric structure, introduce multimode resonance characteristic, in the situation that volume is equal, compare with the double-frequency broadband antenna of traditional symmetrical dipole-tapered slot line combined structure, can not cause directional diagram and cross polarization characteristics to produce significantly deteriorated, significantly reduced the lower limit operating frequency of high band, approximately reduced by 19% left and right, improved bandwidth, kept certainly simultaneously to radiation characteristic and the gain-frequency characterisitic of relatively flat.The antenna structure that adopts this technology to realize is simple, volume is small and exquisite, with low cost, section size is extremely low, have double frequency/broadband combined characteristic, is expected to be applied in portable WLAN, RFID and super broad band radio communication system.
Claims (7)
1. a double-frequency broadband antenna for the asymmetrical vibrator-slot line combined structure of eccentric feed, comprises medium substrate, prints and be arranged on the double-edged top layer radiating element of medium substrate and bottom radiating element respectively, it is characterized in that:
Mutually asymmetric, positive and negatively between described top layer radiating element and bottom radiating element with respect to medium substrate, arrange; The distributing point of described double-frequency broadband antenna departs from antenna structure perpendicular bisector certain distance;
Described top layer radiating element is connected and composed by top layer tapered slot radiating element and top layer polygon oscillator unit, and described bottom radiating element is connected and composed by bottom tapered slot radiating element and bottom polygon oscillator unit; Wherein, described top layer polygon oscillator unit and bottom polygon oscillator unit have identical distributing point obliquity structure and oscillator end obliquity structure, and the oscillator height of described top layer polygon oscillator unit and bottom polygon oscillator unit equates; The length of described top layer polygon oscillator unit is less than the length of bottom polygon oscillator unit, and the distributing point that the difference of both length is antenna departs from the twice of antenna structure perpendicular bisector distance;
Described top layer tapered slot radiating element is not identical with bottom tapered slot radiative unit structure, and wherein the height of top layer tapered slot radiating element is greater than the height of bottom gradual change radiating element.
2. the double-frequency broadband antenna of the asymmetrical vibrator-slot line combined structure of eccentric feed according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the scope at described distributing point inclination angle is: 0 °-61 °, the scope at described oscillator end inclination angle is: 0 °-53 °.
3. the double-frequency broadband antenna of the asymmetrical vibrator-slot line combined structure of eccentric feed according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the distance range that the distributing point of described double-frequency broadband antenna departs from antenna structure perpendicular bisector is: 1-3.5mm.
4. the double-frequency broadband antenna of the asymmetrical vibrator-slot line combined structure of eccentric feed according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the scope of the difference in height of described top layer tapered slot radiating element and bottom gradual change radiating element is: 20-23.5mm.
5. the double-frequency broadband antenna of the asymmetrical vibrator-slot line combined structure of eccentric feed according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: top layer tapered slot radiating element and bottom tapered slot radiating element all adopt the gradual manner of arbitrary shape, comprise: rectigradation mode, or index gradual manner, parabola gradual manner, multistage step gradual manner.
6. the double-frequency broadband antenna of the asymmetrical vibrator-slot line combined structure of eccentric feed according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the dielectric constant range of described medium substrate is 2-20.
7. the double-frequency broadband antenna of the asymmetrical vibrator-slot line combined structure of eccentric feed according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the height of described top layer tapered slot radiating element is 2 times of bottom gradual change radiating element height.
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CN106803614A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-06-06 | 北京航空航天大学 | The determination method and device of the feed port of high temperature resistant multi-mode antenna for satellite navigation |
CN113745822A (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2021-12-03 | 南京邮电大学 | Design method of low cross polarization asymmetric millimeter wave oscillator antenna |
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