CN103551721A - Method for preparing joint made of dissimilar material by firstly ultrasonically prefabricating and secondly welding transition belt - Google Patents
Method for preparing joint made of dissimilar material by firstly ultrasonically prefabricating and secondly welding transition belt Download PDFInfo
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- CN103551721A CN103551721A CN201310527820.1A CN201310527820A CN103551721A CN 103551721 A CN103551721 A CN 103551721A CN 201310527820 A CN201310527820 A CN 201310527820A CN 103551721 A CN103551721 A CN 103551721A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K31/02—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to soldering or welding
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing a joint made of a dissimilar material by firstly ultrasonically prefabricating and secondly welding a transition belt. The method comprises the main steps of stacking at least one layer of metal foil on the surface of a to-be-connected material through ultrasonic rolling welding to form a stacking layer; after the stacking layer is prepared, cutting off a foil disconnected part at the periphery of the stacking layer by a milling cutter of an ultrasonic rolling welding system, and milling the stacking layer to form the transition belt with a proper shape and a proper size; directly welding the transition belt with another to-be-connected metal by a fusion welding method, a braze welding method or a diffusion welding method so as to obtain the joint made of the dissimilar material with the macrostructure being formed by the to-be-connected material, the transition belt, a welding seam and another to-be-connected material. The technical scheme has the characteristics that through stacking the metal foil on the surface of the to-be-connected material to finally form the transition belt by utilizing the advantage of ultrasonic solid phase connection, welding of dissimilar hard-to-weld materials is indirectly converted into welding of two kinds of materials with metallurgy dissolvability, and then the joint made of the dissimilar material with reliable performance is prepared.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to foreign material weldering connection area, relate generally to and utilize ultrasonic roll extrusion to weld the process that prefabricated intermediate zone is prepared heterogenous material joint, especially utilize ultrasonic roll-welding obtain the advantage that strength of joint is good and material category dependence is lower, before foreign material directly welds by ultrasonic solid phase combination in the prefabricated intermediate zone of material surface to be connected, the direct welding between foreign material is converted into a kind of novel process method that metallurgy welds between can capacity materials.
Background technology
Heterogenous material joint is owing to can having the feature performance benefit of two kinds of metals concurrently, therefore more and more wider in the application of industrial circle, for example, and aluminum/steel dissimilar material plug, aluminium/copper heterogenous material joint etc.It is more that at present the welding of foreign material adopts is melting welding and Solid-State Welding method, as electron beam welding, MIG weldering, TIG weldering etc. are all attempted to some extent in the making of heterogenous material joint.But carrying out foreign material when welding, because the right atom of some material group is when liquid phase or the solid phase contact, easily in weld seam, producing a large amount of frangible compounds, the performance of joint is worsened greatly.
Take melting welding as example, although melting welding welding dissimilar metal is current relatively economical and practical method, and flexibility is strong, and fusion welding method is various, can be suitable for different welding situations.But while utilizing merely welding technology welding heterogenous material joint, tend to produce in commissure hard and crisp intermetallic compound, for example, while adopting MIG weldering directly to connect aluminium and steel, joint welding region can generate a large amount of short iron Al intermetallics, even if guaranteed the static load mechanical property of joint by optimizing welding procedure, joint dynamic load mechanical property in actual applications also can reduce widely due to the existence of these frangible compounds phases.
In to the research and practice of foreign material welding, the present inventor finds, the mode that can weld by ultrasonic roll extrusion therein a kind of surface of material to be connected is passed through the stacking prefabricated intermediate zone of mode of metal forming stratiform, and then intermediate zone and another kind of material to be connected are directly welded together by the mode of melting welding or soldering or diffusion welding (DW), the intermediate zone of usining connects medium as centre, form multizone transit joint, avoid the appearance of Compound Phase between brittle metal.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is exactly in order to solve current heterogenous material joint and directly to weld preparation, because the direct metallurgical reaction of bi-material can form compound between a large amount of brittle metals in joint area, the problem that joint performance is reduced, for the deficiencies in the prior art, proposed that a kind of cost is low, joint performance good, the wide ultrasonic prefabricated intermediate zone of material category applicability is welded to the method for preparing heterogenous material joint subsequently.
The present invention can reach by following technical solution.
Ultrasonic prefabricated intermediate zone is welded a method of preparing heterogenous material joint subsequently, it is characterized in that step is as follows:
Being installed of step 2, metal forming, the material surface to be connected after above-mentioned polishing is placed at least layer of metal paper tinsel, and utilizes jig that the connecting surface of metal forming and material to be connected is clamped, and makes metal forming and material connecting surface close contact to be connected;
Metal forming stack layer of the present invention can be prepared from by layer of metal paper tinsel, also can by repeated ultrasonic roll extrusion welding, be formed by stacking by two-layer above metal forming, to meet the specification requirement of different foreign material structure fabrications.
Metal forming of the present invention can be in chemical composition with not thereon the another kind of prefabricated intermediate zone material to be connected approach even identical material, also there is good metallurgical capacitive with another kind material to be connected and in follow-up welding, do not react the material that generates compound between brittle metal with it.
Can to be that the metal forming of single metal material is stacking form stack layer of the present invention, also can be by two or more and have stacking obtaining of metal forming of the internuncial metal material of better solid phase.
The thickness of metal forming of the present invention is generally not more than 1mm, and there is 3mm at least can ultrasonic roll extrusion weld width, make the stacking stack layer size obtaining of roll extrusion enough large, thereby can meet follow-up welding requirements.
Direct welding method of the present invention comprises melting welding or soldering or diffusion welding (DW).
The pressure of ultrasonic roll-welding welding system of the present invention, power and frequency are all adjustable, and pressure maximum can reach 1000N, and power is below 5000W, and vibration frequency is 10kHz-75kHz.
Ultrasonic roll-welding welding system of the present invention, the pressure of roller regulates by the mode of hydraulic control, and pressure can show in real time, thereby is easy to realize the stacking process of metal forming.At the rear of roller, with milling processing unit (plant), can realize the follow-up machining to stack layer simultaneously.
The pressure head of ultrasonic roll-welding welding system of the present invention is removable roller, and the surface of roller can be smooth surface, can be also different overlapping curve surfaces, should be according to material and the surface detail of the different choice roller of stack material.
The present invention due to the mode of welding by ultrasonic roll extrusion between two kinds of materials to be connected prefabricated intermediate zone, therefore formed a large amount of frangible compounds in the time of can avoiding foreign material particularly the poor foreign material of metallurgical compatibility directly welds, in heterogenous material joint macrostructure, present the feature by material-metal transfer band-weld seam to be connected-another kind of material to be connected forms, reduce and even avoided the generation of compound between brittle metal in heterogenous material joint, guarantee that heterogenous material joint has excellent mechanical property and serviceability, even if storeroom physical property differs greatly, also can weld well.
The ultrasonic roll extrusion welding of applying in the present invention, adopts 15kHz to the frequency of 75kHz conventionally.Although ultrasonic roll extrusion welding can only be applied to thinner metal material, its speed of welding is fast, can realize sequential welding, utilizes in the present invention the mode of ultrasonic roll extrusion welding particularly convenient by the stacking intermediate zone forming of metal forming in material surface preparation.Simultaneously, ultrasonic roll extrusion weld strength is higher, good stability, and workpiece deformation is little, does not need workpiece to switch in welding process, when applying enough energy, produce hot-spot, it is bonding to there is friction in metal, does not occur to melt and react between stacking metal forming and material to be connected, only rely on atom to diffuse to form solid phase or semi-solid phase connection, therefore adopt the method can avoid the generation of crisp hard intermetallic compound in the prefabricated intermediate zone in the surface of material to be connected.And ultrasonic roll extrusion welding equipment is relatively simple, ultrasonic generator is easy to control, and can control preferably and the coordinating of realization and computer, and is conducive to automated production.
Meanwhile, the controlled feature also with flexible multidimensional processing of simple, the prefabricated parameter of ultrasonic prefabricated intermediate zone method provided by the invention, can carry out ultrasonic roll extrusion arbitrarily according to required heterogenous material joint form prefabricated.After roll extrusion is prefabricated, by the simple and mechanical processing of stack layer just being formed to the intermediate zone that can carry out follow-up welding, just can adopt subsequently multiple welding method to carry out effective welding of intermediate zone and another kind of material to be connected.Therefore, cost of manufacture from heterogenous material joint, Process Exploration and related process supplementary means when the present invention can avoid direct soldered the connecing of foreign material, the composition material and the ultrasonic roll extrusion parameter that only need choose reasonable intermediate zone, be equipped with suitable jig, just can very easily realize the prefabricated process of intermediate zone, some is visible in conjunction with above-mentioned, the heterogenous material joint preparation method that ultrasonic prefabricated intermediate zone provided by the invention is welded subsequently has typical feature with low cost, finally realize reliable soldered the connecing of high-quality between the especially difficult wlding material of bi-material.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the ultrasonic roll-welding welding system schematic diagram that this method adopts.
The heterogenous material joint schematic diagram of Fig. 2 for adopting this method to make.
Fig. 3 is that this method adopts melting welding mode with weldering process schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is that this method adopts diffusion welding (DW) mode with weldering process schematic diagram.
The specific embodiment
The present invention as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the prefabricated intermediate zone of ultrasonic roll extrusion is welded the method for preparing heterogenous material joint subsequently, comprise the following steps: first by the method for sand paper or grinder buffing, clear up the surface to be connected of material to be connected (1), on the surface of material to be connected (1), with the surface that the roller pressure head (7) of ultrasonic roll-welding welding system is welded on (1) by one deck or multilayer metal foil (2), obtain stack layer (3); Then by system, carry milling cutter (8) and by the mode of machining, the geomery of stack layer (3) is processed, obtain the intermediate zone (4) of definite shape size, in order to follow-up welding; Finally adopt the welding method of melting welding or soldering or diffusion welding (DW) that intermediate zone (4) and another kind of material to be connected (6) are directly welded, form weld seam (5), finally obtain the heterogenous material joint between material (1) and material (6).
Adopt the present invention as shown in Figure 3, use the aluminium foil that 0.2mm is thick upper by the mode of ultrasonic roll extrusion at the thick copper coin of 1mm (9), 7 layers of aluminium foil are stacked gradually to the surface that is welded on copper coin (9), form the wide stack layer of the about 5mm of width, then by system, carry milling cutter stack layer three faces are carried out to machining, height of formation is 1mm, width is the boss shape intermediate zone (10) being comprised of aluminium foil of 4mm, then according to diagram, the thick aluminium sheet (12) of 1mm is put down and docked assembling with intermediate zone (10), finally adopt gas metal-arc welding welding gun (13) to fill out aluminium wire welding, form weld seam (11), realize being connected of copper coin (9) and aluminium sheet (12) foreign material.Postwelding carries out tension test, and joint all breaks at molten solder seam crossing, and intensity is far longer than and adopts fusing welding gun to carry out copper and aluminium directly carries out the strength of joint of melting acquisition.
Adopt the present invention as shown in Figure 4, the mode that the aluminium foil that use 0.2mm is thick above welds by ultrasonic roll extrusion at the thick steel plate of 4mm (14), 7 layers of aluminium foil are stacked gradually to the surface that is welded on steel plate (14), form the wide stack layer of the about 5mm of width, then with milling cutter, stack layer three faces are carried out to machining, height of formation is 1mm, width be 4mm by the stacking interconnected boss shape intermediate zone (15) forming of aluminium foil, then according to diagram, the thick aluminium sheet (16) of 4mm is carried out to vertical butt joint assembling with intermediate zone (15), then put it in vacuum drying oven, the mode of employing diffusion welding (DW) realizes the welding of intermediate zone (15) and aluminium sheet (16).Postwelding carries out shearing test, owing to adopting diffusion welding (DW) to avoid aluminium sheet (16) to contact caused transient response with steel plate (14), thereby has reduced the quantity of intermetallic compound, and the intensity of joint improves greatly.
Claims (9)
1. ultrasonic prefabricated intermediate zone is welded a method of preparing heterogenous material joint subsequently, it is characterized in that step is as follows:
Step 1, material surface cleaning, adopt the mode of sand paper or grinder buffing to clear up processing to preparing the material connecting surface to be connected of intermediate zone thereon;
Being installed of step 2, metal forming, the material surface to be connected after above-mentioned polishing is placed one deck or two-layer above metal forming, and utilizes jig that the connecting surface of metal forming and material to be connected is clamped, and makes metal forming and material connecting surface close contact to be connected;
Step 3, prepare stack layer, utilize ultrasonic roll-welding welding system metal forming is exerted pressure and vibrate, in the front one deck metal forming that metal forming roll-welding is connected on to the connecting surface of material to be connected or has been connected with material connecting surface to be connected, form metal forming stack layer;
Step 4, preparation intermediate zone, adopt ultrasonic roll-welding welding system carry can be three-dimensional mobile milling cutter, the not join domain of stack layer is cut out and removed, and remove stack layer redundance according to the size milling on the surface to be connected of another kind material to be connected, obtain the satisfactory intermediate zone of geomery;
Step 5, finally welding, weld together intermediate zone and another kind of material to be connected by direct welding method.
2. a kind of ultrasonic prefabricated intermediate zone according to claim 1 is welded the method for preparing heterogenous material joint subsequently, it is characterized in that metal forming in chemical composition with not thereon the another kind of prefabricated intermediate zone material to be connected approach even identical material or there is good metallurgical capacitive with another kind material to be connected, in follow-up welding, do not react the material that generates compound between brittle metal with it.
3. a kind of ultrasonic prefabricated intermediate zone according to claim 1 is welded the method for preparing heterogenous material joint subsequently, it is characterized in that stack layer of the present invention is that the metal forming of single metal material is stacking and forms or by two or more and have stacking obtaining of metal forming of the internuncial metal material of better solid phase.
4. a kind of ultrasonic prefabricated intermediate zone according to claim 1 is welded the method for preparing heterogenous material joint subsequently, it is characterized in that the thickness of metal forming is not more than 1mm, can ultrasonic roll extrusion weld width be not less than 3mm.
5. a kind of ultrasonic prefabricated intermediate zone according to claim 1 is welded the method for preparing heterogenous material joint subsequently, it is characterized in that direct welding method comprises melting welding or soldering or diffusion welding (DW).
6. a kind of ultrasonic prefabricated intermediate zone according to claim 1 is welded the method for preparing heterogenous material joint subsequently, the pressure, power and the frequency that it is characterized in that ultrasonic roll-welding welding system are all adjustable, the maximum 1000N of pressure, power is below 5000W, and vibration frequency is 10kHz-75kHz.
7. a kind of ultrasonic prefabricated intermediate zone according to claim 1 is welded the method for preparing heterogenous material joint subsequently, and the pressure that it is characterized in that the roller in ultrasonic roll-welding welding system regulates by the mode of hydraulic control, and pressure can show in real time.
8. a kind of ultrasonic prefabricated intermediate zone according to claim 1 is welded the method for preparing heterogenous material joint subsequently, it is characterized in that in ultrasonic roll-welding welding system with realizing the milling processing unit (plant) that stack layer is carried out to follow-up machining.
9. a kind of ultrasonic prefabricated intermediate zone according to claim 1 is welded the method for preparing heterogenous material joint subsequently, it is characterized in that the pressure head in ultrasonic roll-welding welding system is removable roller, and the surface of roller is smooth surface or is overlapping curve surface.
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Cited By (9)
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| CN105689906A (en) * | 2016-05-03 | 2016-06-22 | 重庆耐德能源装备集成有限公司 | Method for welding materials with different welding characteristics |
| CN108122812A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-06-05 | 威海万丰镁业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of electronic packaging device and method based on ultrasonic wave solid phase lamination |
| CN109202315A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-01-15 | 欣旺达惠州电动汽车电池有限公司 | The method of two kinds of metal material superposition welding |
| CN110102866A (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2019-08-09 | 本田技研工业株式会社 | Melting welding ultrasonic wave increasing material manufacturing transition for dissimilar metal part |
| US10532421B2 (en) | 2017-08-29 | 2020-01-14 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | UAM resistance spot weld joint transition for multimaterial automotive structures |
| CN112548306A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-03-26 | 广东省科学院中乌焊接研究所 | Tin-based brazing filler metal and preparation method and application thereof |
| US11351590B2 (en) | 2017-08-10 | 2022-06-07 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Features of dissimilar material-reinforced blanks and extrusions for forming |
| CN114619204A (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-06-14 | 江南大学 | Method for forming arched surface of metal-based ceramic composite material substrate |
| US11465390B2 (en) | 2020-03-02 | 2022-10-11 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Post-process interface development for metal-matrix composites |
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| CN112548306A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-03-26 | 广东省科学院中乌焊接研究所 | Tin-based brazing filler metal and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114619204A (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-06-14 | 江南大学 | Method for forming arched surface of metal-based ceramic composite material substrate |
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Effective date of registration: 20160928 Address after: 264209 No. 8, Tangshan Road, torch hi tech Industrial Development Zone, Shandong, Weihai Patentee after: Wanfeng Magnesium Industry Sci. & Tech. Development Co., Ltd., Weihai Address before: 264209 Weihai Cultural Road West, Shandong, No. 2 Patentee before: Harbin Institute of Technology (Weihai) |
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Denomination of invention: Method for preparing dissimilar material joint by ultrasonic prefabrication transition belt and subsequent welding Effective date of registration: 20210820 Granted publication date: 20160120 Pledgee: Weihai City Commercial Bank Limited by Share Ltd. high tech branch Pledgor: WEIHAI WANFENG MAGNESIUM S & T DEVELOPMENT Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2021980008065 |
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