CN103549977A - Transcranial Doppler plane annular phased array probe - Google Patents
Transcranial Doppler plane annular phased array probe Download PDFInfo
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- CN103549977A CN103549977A CN201310540875.6A CN201310540875A CN103549977A CN 103549977 A CN103549977 A CN 103549977A CN 201310540875 A CN201310540875 A CN 201310540875A CN 103549977 A CN103549977 A CN 103549977A
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Abstract
The invention provides a transcranial Doppler plane annular phased array probe, which comprises a piezoelectric vibrator, a metal shielding casing, an electronic tuning circuit, a coaxial cable, a case, a back lining, a matching layer and an acoustic lens, wherein the piezoelectric vibrator comprises more than one array element ring in annular distribution to form concentric circles, each array element ring adopts independent lead wire control, the areas of all array elements are identical, in addition, the path differences of all array elements are identical, each independent array element is excited by adopting specific time delay, and the dynamic focusing in the spreading direction of ultrasonic beams can be achieved. The plane annular phased array is utilized, each array element is respectively subjected to time delay during the emitting or receiving, and the emitting focusing or the receiving focusing is realized, so focal points can be continuously adjusted, the ultrasonic beams can be effectively and controllably narrowed, the depth of field is long, the transcranial Doppler plane annular phased array probe has the advantages of variable aperture, variable focal point, variable trace and the like, the lateral resolution ratio of a system can be comprehensively improved, and the signal to noise ratio is effectively improved.
Description
Technical field
The present patent application relates to the adjustable transcranial doppler (TCD of a kind of focal length, Transcranial Doppler) sonde configuration, particularly relate to a kind of probe of the plane multichannel array type for transcranial doppler image system, there is splendid directivity, and focal length is adjustable continuously, belong to medical diagnostic ultrasound system technical field.
Background technology
TCD,transcranial Doppler Doppler (TCD) is a kind of non-invasive inspection method of skull bottom artery hemodynamics being evaluated with frequency spectrum Doppler.TCD checks and to be applicable to cerebrovascular malformation, cerebral vasospasm, intracranial hypertension, cerebral arterial stenosis and obturation, internal carotid artery stenosis and obturation, migraine, vertebral artery-basilar artery insufficiency, to confirm in brain death, operation and monitoring after operation cerebral arteries, subclavian artery are stolen blood syndrome etc., has been widely used in clinical.
Transcranial doppler instrument comprises transcranial doppler main frame and probe (transducer), transcranial doppler probe, mainly to adopt single array element probe, be called for short single probe, can be further divided into two classes: Pulsed-Wave Doppler (pulsed wave Doppler, PW) probe and continuous wave Doppler (continuous wave Doppler, CW) probe.Continuous-wave doppler probe adopts two transducers, and the wafer on a transducer is launched continuous ultrasonic signal uninterruptedly, and the wafer on another transducer receives the continuous wave signal of returning.Pulse Doppler probe adopts single transducer, and interval certain hour rule transmits and receives ultrasound wave off and on.Conventional is the impulse wave probe of 2MHz left and right frequency clinically, make ultrasound wave penetrate the part that skull is thinner (sound transmitting window), basis cranii blood vessel is scanned, part ultrasound wave is reflected by the erythrocyte in blood vessel, because blood flow flows, according to Doppler effect, between transmitting ultrasound wave and reception echo, can produce frequency difference, to the analyzing and processing of frequency difference size and direction, can obtain being examined blood flow state and the various parameter of blood vessel.The probe of complete series different frequency, comprises 2MHz, 4MHz, 8MHz and 16MHz.The frequency of probe is lower, and hyperacoustic penetration capacity is stronger, but differentiates rate variance, and image is coarse, otherwise frequency probe is higher, and penetration power is more weak, but resolution is high, and image is fine and smooth.The probe of different frequency, is applicable to different check points: 1MHz or 1.6MHz impulse wave, and the intracranial vessel being applicable under the closed severe case of old people's temporo window detects; 2MHz impulse wave, is applicable to intracranial vessel and detects; 4MHz continuous wave, is applicable to the outer section of neck blood vessel and detects; 8MHz continuous wave is applicable to skin surface blood vessel and detects; 16MHz and 20MHz impulse wave, be applicable in operation and zoopery process superficial vein detects.
Current transcranial doppler probe, is mainly to adopt single array element probe, is called for short single probe.So-called single probe, piezoelectric vibrator is a slice piezoelectric chip, piezoelectric chip has piezoelectric effect; And after piezoelectric chip is subject to electric pulse excitation, can produce vibration, send ultrasound wave.From the angle of material, can be piezoelectric ceramics, piezoelectric monocrystal, piezopolymer, piezo-electricity composite material etc.Matching layer can be monolayer coupling, also has double-deck coupling or three layers and three layers of above coupling.For improving the lateral resolution of system, often at the forefront of radiating surface, with soft acoustic lens, realize ultrasonic beam and focus on, or directly piezoelectric vibrator is made to the shape of spherical shell, realize self-focusing.Due to this type of focusing, be the principle that adopts geometric focusing, focus is fixed and is unique, determined, and depth of focus is limited by the radius of curvature of acoustic lens or spherical shell shape piezoelectric vibrator and ultrasonic acoustic speed of propagation in tissue.
Summary of the invention
For solving the fixing problem of existing TCD unit probe focus, the present patent application is utilized plane annular phased array, by each array element being carried out to time delay successively when launching or receive, realize transmitting focusing or collectiong focusing, thereby make focus adjustable continuously, ultrasonic beam effectively controllably can be narrowed, the depth of field is long, the comprehensive lateral resolution that improves, effectively improves signal to noise ratio.Meanwhile, doctor can pass through the fine setting of array element amount of delay in operating process, accurately locates the fastest region of flow velocity of required observation, and does further detailed inspection.
Specifically, transcranial doppler plane annular phased array probe described in the present patent application, comprise piezoelectric vibrator, metal screen case, electronic tuning circuit, coaxial cable, shell, backing, matching layer and acoustic lens, wherein, piezoelectric vibrator is to comprise an above array element ring distributing ringwise according to concentric circular, each array element adopts independent lead-in wire to control, the area of each array element equates, and the path difference of each array element is identical, each independent array element adopts specific time delays excitation, can obtain the dynamic focusing on the ultrasonic beam direction of propagation.
Further, described array element ring, to each independently array element apply different time delay pumping signals, the electric pulse delay volume that makes to be carried on outer shroud is minimum, electric pulse time delay on interior annulus increases step by step, thereby makes each ring successively send ping, forms the wave surface of assembling in sound field, make transcranial doppler probe on axis, to realize sound beam focusing in specified point place, receive the mode that echo-signal is taked delay and focusing equally.
Further, the design size of described H-Horn APA system is by the following derivation of equation:
Wherein D is the diameter of array element, and γ is the path difference between array element, and R is focal length, the number that N is array element, and determining of path difference can be tried to achieve by the time delay of ring-like phased array:
γ=t*v
Wherein, t is time delay, and v is ultrasonic spread speed in tissue, only need to determine γ, R, and N, just can go out according to the derivation of equation size of H-Horn APA system.
Further, described piezoelectric vibrator comprises piezoelectric ceramics, piezoelectric monocrystal or piezo-electricity composite material.
Further, the present patent application can be designed to the array element ring of any amount, radiated sound field characteristic from H-Horn APA system, array number is more many more can obtain desirable spherical-concave-surface focusing effect, but TCD plane annular phased array is equal-area method due to what adopt, and array number is more, the width of outer shroud is narrower, technology difficulty and the measure of precision of making are higher, therefore need to choose a rational array element number, common preferably 5～8 or above array element ring.
Transcranial doppler plane annular phased array probe described in the present patent application, the control that independently goes between of each array element, what adopt is homalographic array element structure, the electrical impedance characteristic of array element has good concordance, and the path difference of each array element is identical, amount time delay that is pumping signal is identical, can simplify the design of excitation and receiving circuit; And the parameters such as radius of operating frequency, array element number, focal length, each array element all adopt the ring-like phased array design standard of one dimension, each independent array element is adopted to specific time delays excitation, can obtain the dynamic focusing on the ultrasonic beam direction of propagation.
In the present patent application, multichannel planar rings battle array structure has the following advantages:
1, variable aperture, by contactor, arrange, for example work array element near field is 5, and far field work array element is increased to 8, thereby make aperture become large, can reduce the greatest differences between the reflected signal at the different depth place hyperacoustic decay being caused because of tissue;
2, variable-focus, applies different time delays to different physical channels, can make the focal length on axis change, and by suitable Electronic Control, can realize as requested the focused beam of a plurality of focuses, and resolution is significantly improved;
3, can apodization, in transmitting or while receiving, for each array element of array, adopt the transmitting of amplitude weighting, concrete weighting function can be different;
4, focal zone lateral resolution is consistent.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of transcranial doppler plane annular phased array probe embodiment described in the present patent application;
Fig. 2 is the ring-like phased array piezoelectric vibrator of the present patent application design principle figure, and 2-a is top view and 2-b profile; Fig. 3 is the ring-like phased array section of structure of the present patent application;
Fig. 4 is the excitation of planar rings battle array and the collectiong focusing schematic diagram of transcranial doppler plane annular phased array probe described in the present patent application;
Wherein, 1 is that piezoelectric vibrator, 2 is that metal screen case, 3 is that electronic tuning circuit, 4 is that coaxial cable, 5 is that shell, 6 is that backing, 7 is that matching layer, 8 is that acoustic lens, 9 is electrode.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the technology contents described in the present patent application is carried out to nonrestrictive explanation and explanation, object is to understand better described technology contents for the public.
As shown in Figure 1, transcranial doppler plane annular phased array probe described in the present patent application, comprise piezoelectric vibrator 1, metal screen case 2, electronic tuning circuit 3, coaxial cable 4, shell 5, backing 6, matching layer 7 and acoustic lens 8, wherein, piezoelectric vibrator 1 is to comprise an above array element ring distributing ringwise according to concentric circular, preferably 5～8 or above array element ring, described piezoelectric vibrator comprises piezoelectric ceramics, piezoelectric monocrystal or piezo-electricity composite material.As shown in Fig. 2-a and 2-b, each array element adopts independent lead-in wire to control, and the area of each array element equates, and the path difference of each array element is identical, and each independent array element adopts specific time delays excitation, can obtain the dynamic focusing on the ultrasonic beam direction of propagation.Described array element ring, to each independently array element apply different time delay pumping signals, the electric pulse delay volume that makes to be carried on outer shroud is minimum, electric pulse time delay on interior annulus increases step by step, thereby make each ring successively send ping, in sound field, form the wave surface of assembling, make transcranial doppler probe on axis, to realize sound beam focusing in specified point place, receive the mode that echo-signal is taked delay and focusing equally.
Wherein, the design size of described H-Horn APA system is by the following derivation of equation:
Wherein D is the diameter of array element, and γ is the path difference between array element, and R is focal length, the number that N is array element, and determining of path difference can be tried to achieve by the time delay of ring-like phased array:
γ=t*v
Wherein, t is time delay, and v is ultrasonic spread speed in tissue, only need to determine γ, R, and N, just can go out according to the derivation of equation size of H-Horn APA system.
For reducing crosstalking between each array element, ring battle array probe often can all be kept apart corresponding backing and matching layer, and accompanying drawing 3 has provided the enforcement schematic diagram of backing isolation.The focusing of transmitting ultrasonic beam is identical with the focusing principle that receives echo-signal, the calculating of focusing effect is reciprocity, take collectiong focusing as example, 5 concentric independent array elements as shown in Figure 4, array element No1 is in outermost, and No5 is in the geometric center of 5 array elements.Target scattering from axis returns the signal of transducer, to first arrive array element No5, then arrive successively No4, No3, No2 and No1, because the signal that arrives 5 independent array elements is from same target, therefore, the output signal of array element No1～4 is respectively postponed to a reasonable time, make finally to arrive the signal cophase stacking from 5 array elements of summing junction.For the echo that reflection on axis and Scattering Targets do not cause, composite signal obviously reduces, and this has just reached the effect of collectiong focusing, different according to the degree of depth of target focal length, adopts different time delay sequences.
Should be clear and definite be, above-mentioned content comprises accompanying drawing, it not all the restriction to described technical scheme, all any improvement to described technical scheme with identical or approximate principle, comprise the shape of each several part structure, size, material used, or functional similarity element be equal to replacement, all within the desired technical scheme of the present patent application.
Claims (5)
1. a transcranial doppler plane annular phased array probe, it is characterized in that: comprise piezoelectric vibrator, metal screen case, electronic tuning circuit, coaxial cable, shell, backing, matching layer and acoustic lens, piezoelectric vibrator is to comprise an above array element ring distributing ringwise according to concentric circular, each array element adopts independent lead-in wire to control, the area of each array element equates, and the path difference of each array element is identical, each independent array element adopts specific time delays excitation, can obtain the dynamic focusing on the ultrasonic beam direction of propagation.
2. transcranial doppler plane annular phased array probe according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described array element ring, to each independently array element apply different time delay pumping signals, the electric pulse delay volume that makes to be carried on outer shroud is minimum, electric pulse time delay on interior annulus increases step by step, thereby make each ring successively send ping, in sound field, form the wave surface of assembling, make transcranial doppler probe on axis, to realize sound beam focusing in specified point place, receive the mode that echo-signal is taked delay and focusing equally.
3. transcranial doppler plane annular phased array probe according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, the design size of described H-Horn APA system is by the following derivation of equation:
Wherein D is the diameter of array element, and γ is the path difference between array element, and R is focal length, the number that N is array element, and determining of path difference can be tried to achieve by the time delay of ring-like phased array:
γ=t*v
Wherein, t is time delay, and v is ultrasonic spread speed in tissue, only need to determine γ, R, and N, just can go out according to the derivation of equation size of H-Horn APA system.
4. transcranial doppler plane annular phased array probe according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described piezoelectric vibrator comprises piezoelectric ceramics, piezoelectric monocrystal or piezo-electricity composite material.
5. transcranial doppler plane annular phased array probe according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described transcranial doppler plane annular phased array probe comprises 5～8 or above array element ring.
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| CN104874113A (en) * | 2015-01-26 | 2015-09-02 | 上海爱声生物医疗科技有限公司 | Multi-frequency annular array probe and ultrasonic physiotherapy instrument including the same |
| CN105877778A (en) * | 2014-05-13 | 2016-08-24 | 三星电子株式会社 | Beam Forming Apparatus, Method For Forming Beams, Ultrasonic Imaging Apparatus, And Ultrasonic Probe |
| CN107028620A (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2017-08-11 | 乐普（北京）医疗器械股份有限公司 | Ultrasonic echo imaging device and its imaging method for mobile terminal |
| CN108852415A (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2018-11-23 | 深圳市德力凯医疗设备股份有限公司 | It is a kind of through cranium three-dimensional cerebrovascular composite imaging method and system |
| CN108852413A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2018-11-23 | 华南理工大学 | Ultrasound pulse detection probe and detection method based on multiple aperture male part |
| CN108852414A (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2018-11-23 | 深圳市德力凯医疗设备股份有限公司 | It is a kind of through cranium three-dimensional Angiography-Comparative and system |
| CN109171816A (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2019-01-11 | 中北大学 | It is a kind of for checking the ultrasonic CT system and its scan method of mammary gland |
| CN109374739A (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2019-02-22 | 广州联声电子科技有限公司 | A kind of ultrasonic microscope and method based on annular surface battle array |
| CN109374738A (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2019-02-22 | 广州联声电子科技有限公司 | A kind of ultrasonic microscope and method based on annular array |
| CN109759307A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-05-17 | 钢研纳克检测技术股份有限公司 | A kind of electromagnetic acoustic phase array transducer of focus adjustable |
| CN110215230A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-09-10 | 深圳市德力凯医疗设备股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method and ring battle array probe of the ring battle array probe that bimodal focuses |
| CN110333293A (en) * | 2019-08-12 | 2019-10-15 | 河海大学常州校区 | A kind of method of the excitation of square mesh phase controlled ultrasonic array and detection concrete defect |
| WO2019214137A1 (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2019-11-14 | 深圳市德力凯医疗设备股份有限公司 | Transcranial doppler system based on annular array probe |
| WO2019214136A1 (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2019-11-14 | 深圳市德力凯医疗设备股份有限公司 | Transcranial three-dimensional cerebrovascular imaging system |
| CN111119839A (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2020-05-08 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | While-drilling ultrasonic probe assembly and while-drilling ultrasonic detection method |
| CN114054328A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-02-18 | 天津大学 | Short-focus ultrasonic transducer with adjustable focus and focus calculation algorithm thereof |
| WO2023173737A1 (en) * | 2022-03-17 | 2023-09-21 | 河南翔宇医疗设备股份有限公司 | Piezoelectric shock wave device and control method therefor and control apparatus thereof |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105877778A (en) * | 2014-05-13 | 2016-08-24 | 三星电子株式会社 | Beam Forming Apparatus, Method For Forming Beams, Ultrasonic Imaging Apparatus, And Ultrasonic Probe |
| CN104874113A (en) * | 2015-01-26 | 2015-09-02 | 上海爱声生物医疗科技有限公司 | Multi-frequency annular array probe and ultrasonic physiotherapy instrument including the same |
| CN107028620A (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2017-08-11 | 乐普（北京）医疗器械股份有限公司 | Ultrasonic echo imaging device and its imaging method for mobile terminal |
| WO2019214137A1 (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2019-11-14 | 深圳市德力凯医疗设备股份有限公司 | Transcranial doppler system based on annular array probe |
| CN108852415A (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2018-11-23 | 深圳市德力凯医疗设备股份有限公司 | It is a kind of through cranium three-dimensional cerebrovascular composite imaging method and system |
| CN108852414A (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2018-11-23 | 深圳市德力凯医疗设备股份有限公司 | It is a kind of through cranium three-dimensional Angiography-Comparative and system |
| WO2019214136A1 (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2019-11-14 | 深圳市德力凯医疗设备股份有限公司 | Transcranial three-dimensional cerebrovascular imaging system |
| CN108852413A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2018-11-23 | 华南理工大学 | Ultrasound pulse detection probe and detection method based on multiple aperture male part |
| CN108852413B (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2023-10-24 | 华南理工大学 | Ultrasonic pulse detection probe and detection method based on multi-aperture coupling piece |
| CN109171816B (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2021-07-20 | 中北大学 | Ultrasonic CT system for examining mammary gland and scanning method thereof |
| CN109374738A (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2019-02-22 | 广州联声电子科技有限公司 | A kind of ultrasonic microscope and method based on annular array |
| CN109374739A (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2019-02-22 | 广州联声电子科技有限公司 | A kind of ultrasonic microscope and method based on annular surface battle array |
| CN109171816A (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2019-01-11 | 中北大学 | It is a kind of for checking the ultrasonic CT system and its scan method of mammary gland |
| CN111119839A (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2020-05-08 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | While-drilling ultrasonic probe assembly and while-drilling ultrasonic detection method |
| CN109759307A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-05-17 | 钢研纳克检测技术股份有限公司 | A kind of electromagnetic acoustic phase array transducer of focus adjustable |
| CN109759307B (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2023-11-21 | 钢研纳克检测技术股份有限公司 | Electromagnetic ultrasonic phased array transducer with adjustable focal length |
| CN110215230A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-09-10 | 深圳市德力凯医疗设备股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method and ring battle array probe of the ring battle array probe that bimodal focuses |
| CN110215230B (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2021-11-26 | 深圳市德力凯医疗设备股份有限公司 | Preparation method of bimodal focusing annular array probe and annular array probe |
| CN110333293A (en) * | 2019-08-12 | 2019-10-15 | 河海大学常州校区 | A kind of method of the excitation of square mesh phase controlled ultrasonic array and detection concrete defect |
| CN114054328A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-02-18 | 天津大学 | Short-focus ultrasonic transducer with adjustable focus and focus calculation algorithm thereof |
| CN114054328B (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2023-03-14 | 天津大学 | Short-focus ultrasonic transducer with adjustable focus and focus calculation algorithm thereof |
| WO2023173737A1 (en) * | 2022-03-17 | 2023-09-21 | 河南翔宇医疗设备股份有限公司 | Piezoelectric shock wave device and control method therefor and control apparatus thereof |
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