CN103548542B - Method for interplanting old camellia oleifera and anoectochilus roxburghii - Google Patents
Method for interplanting old camellia oleifera and anoectochilus roxburghii Download PDFInfo
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- CN103548542B CN103548542B CN201310551054.2A CN201310551054A CN103548542B CN 103548542 B CN103548542 B CN 103548542B CN 201310551054 A CN201310551054 A CN 201310551054A CN 103548542 B CN103548542 B CN 103548542B
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for interplanting old camellia oleifera and anoectochilus roxburghii and relates to the technical field of agricultural planting. The method comprises the steps of selecting woodland, managing planting soil, setting an anoectochilus roxburghii culture bed, sterilizing the anoectochilus roxburghii culture bed, planting anoectochilus roxburghii, controlling the planted environment, fertilizing, managing insects and pests, harvesting and the like. According to the method provided by the invention, the used raw materials for deinsectization are plant ash, quicklime and mountain spring water which are prepared according to the proportion for sterilizing; the sterilization of self-prepared natural biopesticide is carried out through the full process of the growth of the anoectochilus roxburghii; pesticide does not need to be deliberately and repeatedly sprayed, and thus the spraying times are reduced, the moisture preservation without excessive moisture is realized. No pesticide residue, no root rotting, normal development and good growth of the anoectochilus roxburghii are ensured and the quality of extremely-precious rare medicinal materials, which is endowed by the anoectochilus roxburghii, is ensured.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural plantation technology field, be specifically related to a kind of method of old oil tea interplanting roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud.
Background technology
Roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud (Anoectochilus roxburghii(Wall.) Lindl), another name Shorthairy Antenoron, rough melic herb are the orchid family Anoectochilus Blume plant.The sweet property of its taste is put down, have clearing heat and cooling blood, expelling wind and removing dampness, Yin Yang balancing, the function such as beauty treatment, the regulation of qi and blood of promoting the production of body fluid, enter kidney, the heart, lung three warp, body immunity can be improved, strengthen human body to the resistance of disease, comparatively wide in the scope of application among the people, evident in efficacy to various diseases, have the laudatory title such as " king of medicine ", " gold grass ", " refreshing medicine ", " bird ginseng ".It is reported, in roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud, the content of amino acid composition, composition, content and activity of fighting against senium trace element is all higher than domestic wild American Ginseng.
The wild roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud of occurring in nature is with other wild plant association or protect by physical features, and shelter from part direct sunlight just viable shade plant, it likes best flickering sunlight and moistening weather, has extremely strong ground field selectivity.But due to environment change and generally to adopt, disorderly dig, only dig and do not plant, cause originally just rare wild roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud day by day rare, endangered, medical market demand can not be met at all, so artificial establishing in large scale roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud has a extensive future, imperative.Existing cultivation roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud has following three kinds of schemes: the first is a bottle cultivation for seedling roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud, group training is the only stage which must be passed by that roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud is produced, but bottle seedling roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud only rests on this stage can owing to growing at confined space for a long time, in addition group training matrix is added with a certain amount of hormone and causes fully not formed containing the active ingredient such as carbohydrate content, taurine, Cardiac glycosides thus causing pharmacological to decline in adapted process, but also containing harmful material, the method of this production roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud, is unworthy promoting; The second is green house plantation, the condition such as luminosity, temperature, humidity, ventilation of green house is controlled, can large-scale production, be not subject to seasonal restrictions, but investment is large, cost is high, and the active ingredient of roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud to be impelled fully to be formed also need the stage through field domestication, labour intensity is large; The third is underwood planting roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud, this way access expansion environment plantation, the quality better of roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud, be worth high, but be subject to the invasion and attack of damage by disease and insect, and the general agricultural chemicals that adopts carries out deinsectization evil in existing roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud underwood planting, its defect is: adopt agricultural chemicals sterilization matrix, cause soil meta-alkalescence, soil property caking phenomenon is general, affect roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud root development, and in management, adopt pesticide spraying to carry out deinsectization evil, spray continuously repeatedly season occurred frequently at damage by disease and insect especially, easily cause residue of pesticide and rhizome excessive moisture, cause rhizome and rot.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of old oil tea interplanting roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud, overcoming existing roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud underwood planting adopts agricultural chemicals to carry out deinsectization evil, easily cause soil meta-alkalescence, soil property caking phenomenon is general thus affect roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud root development, and the defect that residue of pesticide are serious, a kind of environment copied wild roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud and grow in broad leaved forest underground is provided, and the surfactant be rich in the old oil tea leaf utilizing old tea oil tree to drop is killed insect, without the need to deliberately spraying insecticide, guarantee that roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud is residual without agriculture, unrooted stem rot is rotten, interplant respond well, output is high, the method of profitable old oil tea interplanting roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud.
The method of old oil tea interplanting roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud provided by the invention, comprises the steps:
(1) forest land is selected: the old oil tea woods selecting height above sea level 300 ~ 800m, the line space of described old tea oil tree is 2.5 ~ 3m, and the humus soil soil property under old camellia oleifera lam is loose, and ventilative, draining, water retention property are high, humidity between 70% ~ 85%, light transmittance 50% ~ 60%;
(2) planting soil arranges and cultivate bed arrange with roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud: every year by the end of February before or before carry out planting soil arrangement by the end of August, the assorted shrub of below height 1m, rattan are removed, hold pavement, drain ditch and cultivation bed successfully, described depth of drainage ditch 18 ~ 22cm, the cultivation height of bed 20 ~ 30cm, the wide 1 ~ 1.2m of bed surface;
(3) roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud cultivation bed is sterilized: adopt self-control natural grass wood ash to press 5:1 mixed preparing disinfectant with the natural quicklime of self-control, cultivates on bed according to 2kg/ even being sprinkling upon per mu;
(4) roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud plantation: by degree of depth 1cm, density 5cm × 5cm, the mode of 500 ~ 1000 Zhu/㎡ is planted, and plantation should shallowly be avoided deeply, size divides cultivation, and compacting seedling surrounding after plantation, waters once permeable with mountain spring water, reach soil completely moistening; As preferably, after plantation roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud, transplant the fruit of a cubeb litsea tree tree of 3 ~ 5 years age of trees according to the ratios of 10/mu, the employing of described fruit of a cubeb litsea tree tree rationalizes parallel arrangement mode and transplants;
(5) environmental Kuznets Curves after plantation: keep ground moistening during cultivation and soil temperature 12 ~ 15 DEG C, growing area temperature 20 ~ 25 DEG C;
(6) apply fertilizer: the roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud season of growth, used farmers''s liquid fertilizer or methane liquid every 15 days, be diluted to 800 ~ 1000 times and apply fertilizer;
(7) Pest management: in the ratio of making natural grass wood ash and mountain spring water 1:100 by oneself, be dissolved completely in mountain spring water by self-control natural grass wood ash, uses this liquid to carry out regularly quantitatively spraying to roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud;
(8) gather: cultivate 6 ~ 8 months, plant height 10 ~ 15cm, can to gather when growing 5 ~ 8 leaves.
As preferably above-mentioned steps (3) and step (7) described self-control natural grass wood ash be old oil tea leaf with tea seed shell Thorough combustion also through trembling the powder that screen(ing) machine filters out.The natural quicklime of above-mentioned steps (3) described self-control adopts the shell of shellfish by nest RT-PCR to clay into power and makes.
The present invention has following advantage in the art: (1) interplants roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud under old tea oil tree can copy the environment that wild roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud grows in broad leaved forest underground, and the surfactant be rich in the old oil tea leaf that drops can be utilized again to kill insect, (2) the deinsectization raw material that the present invention uses is the ash produced with old oil tea leaf and tea seed shell Thorough combustion, quicklime, mountain spring water prepares sterilization in proportion, the natural biological agricultural chemicals of autogamy is sterilized through the overall process of roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud growth, quantitatively spray depending on matrix wettability, avoid and the deinsectization of periodically sprinkle agricultural chemicals should spray moisturizing with mountain spring water again in the past, decrease 6-8 fountain height, not only prevented from rhizome excessive moisture from producing rot but also save man-hour, ensure that roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud is residual without agriculture, unrooted stem rot is rotten, grow normal, well-grown, ensure that the rare medical material quanlity that roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud is extremely precious, (4) in planting site intercropping fruit of a cubeb litsea tree tree, the fruit of a cubeb litsea tree sets the faint yellow little Hua tool fragrance outputed, and plays anthelmintic action, and the root leaf of fruit of a cubeb litsea tree tree is also rich in surfactant, has the effect of Soil Anti damage by disease and insect concurrently, is beneficial to roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud and grows.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: the plantation of old oil tea interplanting roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud test block A
(1) forest land is selected: select the old oil tea woods of height above sea level 600m, the line space of described old tea oil tree is 3m, and the humus soil soil property under old camellia oleifera lam is loose, and ventilative, draining, water retention property are high, humidity 85%, light transmittance 50%;
(2) planting soil arranges and cultivate bed arranges with roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud: at the beginning of 8 months, carry out planting soil arrangement, the assorted shrub of below height 1m, rattan removing, holds pavement, drain ditch and cultivation bed successfully, described depth of drainage ditch 20cm, cultivates height of bed 30cm, the wide 1.2m of bed surface;
(3) roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud cultivation bed sterilization: by old oil tea leaf and tea seed shell Thorough combustion and through trembling screen(ing) machine and screen to make and make natural grass wood ash by oneself, the shell of shellfish by nest RT-PCR is clayed into power and makes the natural quicklime of self-control, adopt self-control natural grass wood ash to press 5:1 mixed preparing disinfectant with the natural quicklime of self-control, cultivate on bed according to 2kg/ even being sprinkling upon per mu;
(4) roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud plantation: by degree of depth 1cm, density 5cm × 5cm, the mode of 700 Zhu/㎡ is planted, plantation should shallowly be avoided deeply, size divides cultivation, and compacting seedling surrounding after plantation, waters once permeable with mountain spring water, reach soil completely moistening, after plantation roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud, transplant the fruit of a cubeb litsea tree tree of 5 years age of trees according to the ratios of 10/mu, described fruit of a cubeb litsea tree tree adopts rationalization parallel arrangement mode to transplant;
(5) environmental Kuznets Curves after plantation: keep ground moistening during cultivation and soil temperature 12 ~ 15 DEG C, growing area temperature 20 ~ 25 DEG C;
(6) apply fertilizer: the roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud season of growth, used farmers''s liquid fertilizer or methane liquid every 15 days, be diluted to 800 times and apply fertilizer;
(7) Pest management: in the ratio of making natural grass wood ash and mountain spring water 1:100 by oneself, be dissolved completely in mountain spring water by self-control natural grass wood ash, uses this liquid to carry out regularly quantitatively spraying to roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud;
(8) gather: cultivate 6 months, plant height 10 ~ 15cm, can to gather when growing 5 ~ 8 leaves.
Embodiment 2: the plantation of old oil tea interplanting roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud test block B
(1) forest land is selected: select the old oil tea woods of height above sea level 500m, the line space of described old tea oil tree is 2.8m, and the humus soil soil property under old camellia oleifera lam is loose, and ventilative, draining, water retention property are high, humidity 80%, light transmittance 55%;
(2) planting soil arranges and cultivate bed arranges with roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud: at the beginning of 8 months, carry out planting soil arrangement, the assorted shrub of below height 1m, rattan removing, holds pavement, drain ditch and cultivation bed successfully, described depth of drainage ditch 18cm, cultivates height of bed 25cm, the wide 1m of bed surface;
(3) roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud cultivation bed sterilization: by old oil tea leaf and tea seed shell Thorough combustion and through trembling screen(ing) machine and screen to make and make natural grass wood ash by oneself, the shell of shellfish by nest RT-PCR is clayed into power and makes the natural quicklime of self-control, adopt self-control natural grass wood ash to press 5:1 mixed preparing disinfectant with the natural quicklime of self-control, cultivate on bed according to 2kg/ even being sprinkling upon per mu;
(4) roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud plantation: by degree of depth 1cm, density 5cm × 5cm, the mode of 700 Zhu/㎡ is planted, plantation should shallowly be avoided deeply, size divides cultivation, and compacting seedling surrounding after plantation, waters once permeable with mountain spring water, reach soil completely moistening, after plantation roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud, transplant the fruit of a cubeb litsea tree tree of 4 years age of trees according to the ratios of 10/mu, described fruit of a cubeb litsea tree tree adopts rationalization parallel arrangement mode to transplant;
(5) environmental Kuznets Curves after plantation: keep ground moistening during cultivation and soil temperature 12 ~ 15 DEG C, growing area temperature 20 ~ 25 DEG C;
(6) apply fertilizer: the roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud season of growth, used farmers''s liquid fertilizer or methane liquid every 15 days, be diluted to 1000 times and apply fertilizer;
(7) Pest management: in the ratio of making natural grass wood ash and mountain spring water 1:100 by oneself, be dissolved completely in mountain spring water by self-control natural grass wood ash, uses this liquid to carry out regularly quantitatively spraying to roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud;
(8) gather: cultivate 6 months, plant height 10 ~ 15cm, can to gather when growing 5 ~ 8 leaves.
Embodiment 3: the plantation of old oil tea interplanting roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud test block C
(1) forest land is selected: select the old oil tea woods of height above sea level 500m, the line space of described old tea oil tree is 2.8m, and the humus soil soil property under old camellia oleifera lam is loose, and ventilative, draining, water retention property are high, humidity 80%, light transmittance 55%;
(2) planting soil arranges and cultivate bed arranges with roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud: at the beginning of 8 months, carry out planting soil arrangement, the assorted shrub of below height 1m, rattan removing, holds pavement, drain ditch and cultivation bed successfully, described depth of drainage ditch 18cm, cultivates height of bed 25cm, the wide 1m of bed surface;
(3) roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud cultivation bed sterilization: by old oil tea leaf and tea seed shell Thorough combustion and through trembling screen(ing) machine and screen to make and make natural grass wood ash by oneself, the shell of shellfish by nest RT-PCR is clayed into power and makes the natural quicklime of self-control, adopt self-control natural grass wood ash to press 5:1 mixed preparing disinfectant with the natural quicklime of self-control, cultivate on bed according to 2kg/ even being sprinkling upon per mu;
(4) roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud plantation: by degree of depth 1cm, density 5cm × 5cm, the mode of 700 Zhu/㎡ is planted, and plantation should shallowly be avoided deeply, size divides cultivation, and compacting seedling surrounding after plantation, waters once permeable with mountain spring water, reach soil completely moistening;
(5) environmental Kuznets Curves after plantation: keep ground moistening during cultivation and soil temperature 12 ~ 15 DEG C, growing area temperature 20 ~ 25 DEG C;
(6) apply fertilizer: the roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud season of growth, used farmers''s liquid fertilizer or methane liquid every 15 days, be diluted to 1000 times and apply fertilizer;
(7) Pest management: in the ratio of making natural grass wood ash and mountain spring water 1:100 by oneself, be dissolved completely in mountain spring water by self-control natural grass wood ash, uses this liquid to carry out regularly quantitatively spraying to roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud;
(8) gather: cultivate 6 months, plant height 10 ~ 15cm, can to gather when growing 5 ~ 8 leaves.
Embodiment 4: old tea oil tree interplanting roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud is on the impact of roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud upgrowth situation and output
Wherein the difference of the roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud planting type of control group and test block C is: control group is not interplanted with old tea oil tree.As can be seen from experimental result, old tea oil tree and roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud are interplanted and are effectively reduced the infringement of damage by disease and insect to roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud, and improve the plantation survival rate of roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud, output is high.And as can be seen from the data of test block C and test block B, plant between fruit of a cubeb litsea tree tree and have certain effect to prevention and elimination of disease and pests.
Claims (3)
1. a method for old oil tea interplanting roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud, comprises the steps:
(1) forest land is selected;
(2) planting soil arranges and cultivate bed arrange with roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud: every year by the end of February before or before carry out planting soil arrangement by the end of August, the assorted shrub of below height 1m, rattan are removed, hold pavement, drain ditch and cultivation bed successfully, described depth of drainage ditch 18 ~ 22cm, the cultivation height of bed 20 ~ 30cm, the wide 1 ~ 1.2m of bed surface;
(3) roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud cultivation bed sterilization;
(4) roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud plantation: by degree of depth 1cm, density 5cm × 5cm, the mode of 500 ~ 1000 Zhu/㎡ is planted, and plantation should shallowly be avoided deeply, size divides cultivation, and compacting seedling surrounding after plantation, waters once permeable with mountain spring water, reach soil completely moistening;
(5) environmental Kuznets Curves after plantation: keep ground moistening during cultivation and soil temperature 12 ~ 15 DEG C, growing area temperature 20 ~ 25 DEG C;
(6) apply fertilizer: the roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud season of growth, used farmers''s liquid fertilizer every 15 days, be diluted to 800 ~ 1000 times and apply fertilizer;
(7) Pest management;
(8) gather: cultivate 6 ~ 8 months, plant height 10 ~ 15cm, can to gather when growing 5 ~ 8 leaves;
It is characterized in that:
Described step (1) forest land is chosen as: the old oil tea woods selecting height above sea level 300 ~ 800m, the line space of described old tea oil tree is 2.5 ~ 3m, humus soil soil property under old camellia oleifera lam is loose, ventilative, draining, water retention property are high, humidity between 70% ~ 85%, light transmittance 50% ~ 60%; Described step (3) roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud cultivation bed is sterilized and is: adopt self-control natural grass wood ash and the natural quicklime of self-control by 5:1 mixed preparing disinfectant, cultivates on bed according to 2kg/ even being sprinkling upon per mu; Described step (7) Pest management is: in the ratio of making natural grass wood ash and mountain spring water 1:100 by oneself, be dissolved completely in mountain spring water by self-control natural grass wood ash, uses this liquid to carry out regularly quantitatively spraying to roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud; Described self-control natural grass wood ash is that old oil tea leaf and tea seed shell Thorough combustion also pass through the powder trembled screen(ing) machine and filter out.
2. the method for a kind of old oil tea interplanting roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud according to claim 1, is characterized in that the natural quicklime of step (3) described self-control adopts the shell of shellfish by nest RT-PCR to clay into power and makes.
3. the method for a kind of old oil tea interplanting roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud according to claim 1, after it is characterized in that planting roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud in step (4) mode, transplant the fruit of a cubeb litsea tree tree of 3 ~ 5 years age of trees according to the ratios of 10/mu, described fruit of a cubeb litsea tree tree adopts rationalization parallel arrangement mode to transplant.
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| CN103960030A (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2014-08-06 | 福建省邵武市二都国有林场 | Method for cultivating anoectochilus formosanus in wild imitation mode |
| CN104137727B (en) * | 2014-07-28 | 2016-03-30 | 厦门加晟生物科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud |
| CN104082030B (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2016-03-02 | 厦门锦泰谷农业科技有限公司 | A kind of underwood planting method of roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud |
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| CN104429868B (en) * | 2014-12-27 | 2017-01-11 | 福建农林大学 | Method for cultivating dendrobium candidum and anoectochilus roxburghii through rock in forest land |
| CN104641893B (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2017-01-18 | 六安力达生产力促进中心有限公司 | Method for interplanting of camellia oleifera trees |
| CN104756744A (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2015-07-08 | 雅安太时生物科技有限公司 | Method for interplanting tea garden with camellia oleifera |
| CN106900316B (en) * | 2017-02-06 | 2020-04-07 | 云南农业大学 | Method for natural propagation of wild large-flower flax grass seeds |
| CN107278764A (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2017-10-24 | 玉屏侗族自治县油茶产业发展领导小组办公室 | A kind of oil tea interplants the implantation methods of radix pseudostellariae |
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| CN114128568A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-03-04 | 泉州市金草生物技术有限公司 | Wild-imitating planting method for under-forest anoectochilus roxburghii |
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