CN103544361B - CO in a kind of oil-gas field development2The evaluation methodology of geological storage potentiality - Google Patents
CO in a kind of oil-gas field development2The evaluation methodology of geological storage potentiality Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Using reservoir of oil and gas as CO in a kind of oilfield exploitation procedure2The appraisal procedure sealing potentiality up for safekeeping in geological storage place, for existing methods weak point in background technology, has taken into full account CO2The whole dynamic process of geological storage, relates to CO2That injects early stage seals the evaluation of body geological syntheses, CO up for safekeeping2Injection process fluid trend analysis and CO2Disclosure risk assessment after having injected, it is proposed to a kind of geologic feature utilizing pool description principle meticulous depiction underground sequestration body and trap condition; According to hydrocarbon migration theoretic discussion CO2The filling of fluid, migrate and seal process up for safekeeping; By earth's surface CO2Monitoring result, discloses CO2Scatter and disappear.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to CO2Energy-conserving and emission-cutting technology field, relates to the CO in a kind of oilfield exploitation procedure2Geological storage body seal potential comprehensive evaluation methodology up for safekeeping.
Background technology
The CO that the mankind are discharged2Carry out trapping and be sealed in underground or seabed isolation air is one of important channel solving greenhouse effect. Realize this approach and mainly have three kinds of modes: in storage in ocean, deep geologic body seal up for safekeeping and chemical action (mineral carbonation) on earth's surface seals CO up for safekeeping2. Wherein, CO2Geological storage is the storing technology of at present most potentiality in the world. The oily reservoir of the oil gas field of discarded or mid-later development phase is to implement CO2The ideal place of geological storage. The each oil field of China's Ordos Basin many sets oil-bearing series can be all CO2What geological storage offer was good seals place up for safekeeping. First, oil-gas reservoir is formed and preserves illustrates this area's construction of stable within longer earth history period so far, and has the trap of complete set storage-lid combination, the CO of injection2Can well be stored in reservoir rock and be upcoated capping layer and be closed. Secondly, accumulated in oil-gas field development, production process abundant geologic information and experience are easy to improve CO2The feasibility of storing technology, safety. Meanwhile, a set of maturation that long-term exploration of oil and gas field, development activities are set up, effectively Reservoir description are also proved through the different regions substantial amounts of production practices of difference oil gas field and evaluate reservoir of oil and gas geologic feature, understand the best method and technology of subsurface geology situation.
At present to CO2The assessment of geological storage potentiality is still in the exploratory stage, and application is more geological analysis method and computer modeling technique, based on regional structure and geologic setting, selects suitable place of sealing up for safekeeping, primary study CO2Seal the storage and collection performance of reservoir up for safekeeping, set up the three-dimensional geological model of reservoir, carry out CO2The numerical simulation filled in reservoir, utilizes volumetric method to estimate CO2The possible amount of sealing up for safekeeping.The method is many suitable in CO2Inject geological analysis and the Economic Evaluation of early stage, and to CO2The assessment of risk of leakage is many carries out qualitative-semi-quantitative assessment based on monitoring result.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aim at providing a kind of oilfield development process to implement CO in oil-containing reservoir2The sealing body fine description up for safekeeping and seal the evaluation methodology of potentiality up for safekeeping of geological storage. For existing methods weak point in background technology, take into full account CO2The whole dynamic process of geological storage, relates to CO2That injects early stage seals the evaluation of body geological syntheses, CO up for safekeeping2Injection process fluid trend analysis and CO2Disclosure risk assessment after having injected, it is proposed to a kind of based on the CO under Reservoir Description, hydrocarbon migration theory and system monitoring technical support2Geological storage potential comprehensive analyzes method, and involved method and technology includes: (1) carries out the closed performance fine description sealing the storage and collection performance of body reservoir, capping layer up for safekeeping, sets up the three-dimensional visualization geological model that can reflect underground sequestration body trap condition; (2) comprehensive underground fluid dynamic condition and translocatable feature, use the principle of hydrocarbon migration, it was predicted that underground CO2Migration direction and CO2The Favorable Areas of integrated distribution; (3) on Trap evaluation feature fine description basis, CO is carried out2Fill numerical simulation, evaluate CO2Filled situation in reservoir; (4) qualitative assessment geological storage body fills CO2Risk of leakage; (5) final CO is estimated2Seal potentiality up for safekeeping. Thus realizing CO2The overall merit of geological storage potentiality.
The technical method of the present invention is realized by below step:
Step 1: first carry out the collection of basic data, described basic data is basic geological data and the petroleum geology data in region residing for oil field, and geological personnel, collecting on the basis of these data, carries out arranging, classify and analyze its reliability, then carries out CO2Seal body examination well and geological analysis up for safekeeping and set up CO2Seal body the integrated characteristics and trap condition information bank up for safekeeping, then in well logging with the basis of comprehensive geological analysis, set up CO2Seal body three-dimensional geological model up for safekeeping, be achieved in sealing up for safekeeping the closure fine description of the Reservoir of body reservoir and capping layer, build the three-dimensional geological model that can reflect underground sequestration body the integrated characteristics with trap condition;
Step 2: use principle and the new method of hydrocarbon migration, it was predicted that underground CO2Migration direction, CO2The Favorable Areas of integrated distribution and possible sinking vias and in view of CO2Mobility feature inject CO from the viewpoint of the power of fluid migration and conductor department two2Active situation in reservoir, the specific implementation of this step is for carrying out CO2Migration agent is analyzed, and carries out CO2Migration agent analysis is to inject fluid temperature and pressure and HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS in well well pattern, reservoir in conjunction with advantage reservoir spatial distribution, test block, analyzes and injects CO2The change of fluid potential and potential gradient and planar characteristics of distribution, it was predicted that go out CO2Possible migration direction; Additionally CO2Possible migration pathway analysis in reservoir, described CO2Possible migration pathway analysis in reservoir is by proposing the migrating capability that " storativity " and " flow coefficient " considers to seal body up for safekeeping, namely each individual well is calculated at the storativity of different target zones and flow coefficient, predict its planar characteristics of distribution go forward side by side parallel planes overlapping, the two high level coincidence district is CO2Lateral and vertical migration path, in conjunction with fluid potential Gradient distribution, it was predicted that CO in region2What fluid was hidden is distributed Favorable Areas and possible sinking vias;
Step 3: setting up reflection CO2Seal up for safekeeping on the geological model basis of body trap condition, with the CO doped2Migration and accumulation Favorable Areas is geologic setting constraint, in conjunction with CO2Inject the front and back repeatedly physical property of log response, saturation variation characteristic, fully use the dynamic data of oil field development, carry out CO2The numerical simulation filled, the specific implementation of this step is based on geologic body attribute model, sets up for the porosity of reservoir numerical simulation, permeability saturation mathematics computing model; And utilize formation testing in oil field, pilot production Production development data and pressure variation characteristic data, carry out the history matching of geological model and actual production dynamic data, various parameters are adjusted repeatedly, what reach the most coincidently to descend truth seals body three-dimensional geological model up for safekeeping, additionally obtains the most coincidently descending the CO of practical situation in history matching2After sealing body three-dimensional geological model up for safekeeping, with test block CO2Charge velocity, CO2Physical property, saturation variation characteristic that before and after injecting, repeatedly well logging responds are source of data, with CO2It is geologic setting constraint preserving internal migration trend analysis, assembling Favorable Areas, CO in reservoir in the simulation setting time2The change of saturation, pressure and transport conditions;
Step 4: carry out sealing CO in body up for safekeeping2Risk of leakage assessment and quantitative assessment. According to test block geologic feature, well pattern categorical distribution, filter out potential leak path in region, use CO2Concentration Testing instrument, auxiliary equipment and computer equipment are monitored, record, analyze, and set up CO2Leaking rate formulas data set, the implementing of this step includes the mode of following (1)-(3):
(1) CO in abandoned well2Direct leakage rate evaluation
Described abandoned well CO2Leakage is evaluated as and counts all of abandoned well position and number in test block, places CO at well head2Sensitive detection equipment is monitored, and utilizes CO2CO in certain time collected by concentration monitor instrument2Concentration change, adopts computer analysis means to set up CO in abandoned well2Leakage rate assessment data set, and then calculate the amount of leakage M produced in certain time by abandoned wellUseless��
(2) CO caused by crude oil production activity in producing well2The quantitative evaluation escaped
The described CO in producing well2Escape amount quantitative assessment is by accumulation single-well crude oil production QOil, aquifer yield Qw, extraction CO2Gas and crude oil volume ratio GCO2-oil, extraction CO2The volume ratio Gco of gas and formation water2-w��CO2Break through tb��CO2Reach to control the time t under gas-oil ratio with crude oil volume ratioo��CO2Reach to control the time t under gas-water ratio with formation water volume ratiowThese parameter quantitatives calculate CO2Escape amount MExtraction, derived expression is:
(3) by cap rock generation seepage CO2Quantitative evaluation
Described by cap rock quantitative evaluation for sealing the distribution of body vertical migration passage up for safekeeping in conjunction with aforementioned, carry out CO at surface soil2Concentration monitor, to after the scope gridding of test block at the CO disposing certain density in surface soil2Monitoring equipment and collection and confinement of gases equipment, collect CO in certain time2The situation of change of gas leak rate, leakage rate and concentration, computer analysis means sets up CO in the whole district2Seepage mathematics computing model, assesses and is permeated, by cap rock, the CO caused2Windage, thus embodying the unification of earth's surface monitoring result and geological storage efficiency;
Step 5: seal the final CO of body up for safekeeping2The estimation of the amount of sealing up for safekeeping
Described final CO2The estimation of the amount of sealing up for safekeeping, the mode of logical following (4) ~ (6) realizes:
(4) in conjunction with CO2Leakage quantitative evaluation, calculates injection and seals internal CO up for safekeeping2Finally return that the amount on ground.Formula is MEscape=MUseless+ MExtraction+ MScatter and disappear, MEscapeFor final CO2Escape amount, MUselessFor by the CO of abandoned well2Leakage rate, MExtractionBy the CO that producing well is plucked out of2Amount, MScatter and disappearFor being leaked out to the CO on earth's surface by cap rock2Windage;
(5) CO is derived2Accumulative injection rate, adopts formula calculated as below, MInject=VInject�� t, VInjectFor CO2Injection rate, t is final injection length. Difference according to different phase injection rate, accumulative injection rate adopts accumulates calculating at times;
(6) CO is derived2The finally amount of sealing up for safekeeping, adopt equation below to be calculated,��
Described carries out CO2Seal body examination well and geological analysis up for safekeeping and set up CO2Seal the content of body the integrated characteristics and trap condition information bank up for safekeeping and include that body macroscopic view geological controlling factors information bank is sealed in foundation up for safekeeping, body reservoir storage and collection performance information bank is sealed in foundation up for safekeeping and body capping layer closed performance information bank is sealed in foundation up for safekeeping.
Described sets up CO in well logging with the basis of comprehensive geological analysis2Seal up for safekeeping the concrete mode of body three-dimensional geological model be carry out respectively storing up, the digitized of cap rock respectively surface construction plane graph, sedimentary micro plane graph, reservoir flat distribution map layer by layer, explain parameter, well log interpretation distribution of oil and water layers characteristic parameter in conjunction with layering, log data, physical property, be organized into the data base of Geologic modeling desirable format; And use the foundation of Geologic modeling software to seal body three-dimensional geological model up for safekeeping. The model set up includes CO2Seal the fine structures model of body, fine lithographic model, fine reservoir parameter model up for safekeeping, seal the spatial shape of body, the distribution of advantage reservoir up for safekeeping by model elaborates, the space-time configuration relation of oil and water zonation feature, storage cap rock in reservoir.
The time that sets in described step 3 was as 5 years, 10 years, 50 years or 100 years.
Compared with the conventional method, the present invention is at CO2The assessment aspect of geological storage potentiality has the advantage that
(1) by CO2Geological storage process be considered as a CO in a short time2The migration of fluid, Filling process, this embodies CO2The new approaches of geological storage Potential Evaluation. Proposing with the existing mature reservoir description principle in oil-gas geology field, oil-gas migration and reservoiring theory and dynamic monitoring engineering interrelated first, system integrally evaluates CO2Seal the integrated characteristics of body, trap condition up for safekeeping, seal CO in body up for safekeeping2The calculating of the migration trend of fluid, risk of leakage quantitative evaluation and the final amount of sealing up for safekeeping. Involved multiple theory connects each other, mutually supplements perfect, adds feasibility and the reliability of this technical method.
(2) to CO2Seal up for safekeeping body comprehensive, go deep into geological analysis. At CO2The geologic feature sealing body up for safekeeping describes in process, not only analyzes " depositing ", i.e. CO2The storage and collection performance of Reservoir Body, also analyzes " envelope ", i.e. the closed performance of overlying capping layer, considers formation CO more comprehensively2Seal required overall trap condition up for safekeeping.
(3) to CO2Finally the calculating of the amount of sealing up for safekeeping is with whole CO2Seal process up for safekeeping, embody " dynamic equilibrium " process. With sealed volumetric method that early stage adopts up for safekeeping to compared with the amount of sealing up for safekeeping direction of assessment in the past, the computational methods taked more can accurately reflect the actual CO sealed up for safekeeping in underground sequestration body2Amount.
(4) underground CO is embodied2The mobility of fluid, by oil-gas migration, reservoir-forming study New technical use in CO2The evaluation of geological storage potentiality. Not only solve CO2CO in the process of filling2Flowing, migration direction analysis, for filled numerical simulation provide geologic setting constraint. Simultaneously also at CO2Injection is studied after completing, monitoring underground CO2Migration trend, fluid activity provide theoretical foundation and analysis method.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is CO in oilfield development process2Geological storage Assessment Method on Potential Technology Roadmap;
Fig. 2 seals body the integrated characteristics fine description method flow diagram up for safekeeping in summary of the invention 1;
Fig. 3 is somewhere carbon dioxide sequestration body three-dimensional tectonic geology model;
Fig. 4 is carbon dioxide sequestration body reservoir, somewhere sedimentary micro flat distribution map;
Fig. 5 is carbon dioxide sequestration body reservoir, somewhere effective thickness flat distribution map;
Fig. 6 is somewhere carbon dioxide sequestration body porosity of sandstones log parameter interpretation mathematical model;
Fig. 7 is somewhere carbon dioxide sequestration body porosity of sandstones, permeability correlation analysis figure;
Fig. 8 is somewhere carbon dioxide sequestration body porosity of sandstones flat distribution map;
Fig. 9 is somewhere carbon dioxide sequestration body permeability of reservoir flat distribution map;
Figure 10 is carbon dioxide sequestration body reservoir, somewhere oil saturation flat distribution map;
Figure 11 is carbon dioxide sequestration body reservoir, somewhere storativity flat distribution map;
Figure 12 is somewhere carbon dioxide sequestration body capping layer mud stone thickness plane scattergram;
Figure 13 is that somewhere carbon dioxide sequestration body stores up, cap rock configuration relation connects well profile figure.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention bases oneself upon oil-gas geology process understanding CO2Geological storage in reservoir, is regarded as a homeostasis process, is CO in underground sequestration body2Enter-migration-scatter and disappear " Filling process " under dynamic equilibrium. According to this thinking, in the whole dynamic process evaluating geological storage when sealing potentiality up for safekeeping, it has been found that the research method of forefathers has some limitations. (1) CO2Geological storage, not only to consider " depositing ", more to consider " envelope ". The geological analysis sealing body up for safekeeping can not be only limitted to the Reservoir of reservoir, also need to analyze the closed performance of capping layer and CO comprehensively2Seal the trap condition of body up for safekeeping. (2) CO of underground is injected2Fluid has a mobility, therefore relevant CO2The numerical simulation filled need to be controlled according to geological analysis result, need to consider CO2Sealing internal flow direction, transport tendency up for safekeeping, could better reflect CO2Filled process. (3) CO2It is regarded as CO by the leakage of cap rock etc.2Vertical loss, therefore assessment CO2Must in conjunction with CO during risk of leakage2Migration process is analyzed, could comparatively its Leakage of objective description. (4) CO of volumetric method estimation2The amount of sealing up for safekeeping is based on the accommodating space in reservoir, belongs to static models, and the actual geologic feature of underground is often more complicated, if by CO2Seal up for safekeeping and be considered as a homeostasis process, and consider the mechanism of various leakage, between the amount of sealing up for safekeeping certainty and truth that therefore this method is predicted, have bigger gap.
Not enough for existing methods, it is presently believed that and setting up CO2Seal the sealing up for safekeeping in potential comprehensive appraisement system process of body up for safekeeping, need emphasis to consider problems with:
(1) seal the tectonic setting residing for body up for safekeeping, seal the geologic feature of body up for safekeeping and whether whole trap condition meets CO2It is mothballed and forms CO2Fluidity mineral reserve;
(2) CO2As a kind of fluid, there is mobility, how to grasp injection underground CO2Underground CO is injected in migration trend and region2Distribution trend;
(3) CO injected2There is the danger that leakage occurs, how to carry out CO2Leak Detection and quantifying risk assessment, by CO2Leakage control is to the degree that can grasp;
(4) CO2In geological storage process, how accurately to estimate and seal the CO finally sealed up for safekeeping in body up for safekeeping2Amount.
For the problems referred to above, the present invention proposes CO in a kind of oil-gas field development2The appraisal procedure of geological storage potentiality, namely utilizes geologic feature and the trap condition of pool description method meticulous depiction underground sequestration body; According to hydrocarbon migration theoretic discussion CO2The filling of fluid, migrate and seal process up for safekeeping; By earth's surface CO2Monitoring result, discloses CO2Scatter and disappear, thus be comprehensive, dynamic evaluation CO2Seal up for safekeeping potentiality provide positive evidence.
In conjunction with Integral Thought and the summary of the invention of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 1-Figure 13, below the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail:
Using the oil-bearing series in certain oil field as CO2Seal place up for safekeeping, adopt as shown in Figure 1 seal Potential Evaluation system up for safekeeping, take into full account CO2The whole dynamic process of geological storage, i.e. CO2That injects early stage seals the evaluation of body geological syntheses, CO up for safekeeping2Injection process fluid trend analysis and CO2Injection process neutralized after disclosure risk assessment and the evaluation of the final amount of sealing up for safekeeping. Potential Evaluation work of sealing up for safekeeping concrete in oil field launches according to following steps:
Step 1: carry out the closure fine description sealing the Reservoir of body reservoir, capping layer up for safekeeping, builds the three-dimensional geological model that can reflect underground sequestration body the integrated characteristics with trap condition;
Described step 1, is realized by technology path as shown in Figure 2, specific as follows:
Collect the basic geological data in region residing for this oil field and petroleum geology data. Described region base geologic information and petroleum geology data include: regional structure data (structural feature, mature fault situation), drilling data (well not, well location coordinate, elevation data), well-log information, formation testing production material, the means of production and core analysis test data. Collecting on the basis of these data, carry out summarizing, classification and analyze its reliability. Carry out comprehensive geology analysis, set up CO2Seal the integrated characteristics data information bank of body up for safekeeping. Including the following first step step to the 3rd step:
The first step, carries out CO2Seal body matter controlling factor analysis on a macro scale up for safekeeping. Described CO2Seal body matter controlling factor analysis on a macro scale up for safekeeping to include utilizing log data to divide substratum, study each target zone position fine structures developmental state; Test block outcrop observation combines with core analysis, it is judged that seal type of sedimentary facies belonging to body up for safekeeping, divides sedimentary micro as shown in Figure 4.
Second step, carries out CO2The reservoir characteristic analysis of reservoir. Described CO2The reservoir characteristic analysis of reservoir includes division of reservoir effective thickness and border, analysis reservoir spread mode and connectedness as shown in Figure 5; Comprehensive core test data and log data, set up porosity of sandstones, permeability, saturation physical parameter interpretation model as shown in Figure 6, Figure 7; Determine the physical property of effective reservoir, electrical lower limit in conjunction with formation testing production material, divide effective reservoir thickness, reservoir interior oil water layer, analyze the planar characteristics of distribution such as shown in Fig. 8, Fig. 9, Figure 10 of effective reservoir, physical property, oiliness parameter; Research Reservoir Heterogeneity, carries out evaluation of classification to reservoir; Determine effective reservoir area A, thickness h, porosity ��, permeability K, oil, water saturation (So, Sw), calculate reservoir CO2Maximum holding space.
3rd step, carries out CO2Capping layer closed performance is evaluated. Described sealed harmonic drive include divide capping layer lithology, it is determined that cap rock grow scale thickness, cap rock planar characteristics of distribution and with under cover reservoir syntagmatic as shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13;Carry out the breakthrough pressure of cap rock, cap rock porosity, permeability physical parameter analysis; Breakthrough pressure is analyzed based on the test value of the core sample laboratory simulation formation condition of test block capping layer, and then carries out breakthrough pressure and porosity, permeability correlation analysis, it was predicted that go out whole district's inner cap interval breakthrough pressure distribution characteristics; Calculate cap rock and can close maximum CO2Gas column height, evaluates caprock Quality.
Additionally in above well logging with on the basis of comprehensive geological analysis, the three-dimensional geological model of body is sealed in foundation up for safekeeping. Be specially first carry out respectively storing up, the digitized of cap rock respectively surface construction plane graph, sedimentary micro plane graph, reservoir flat distribution map layer by layer, explain parameter, well log interpretation distribution of oil and water layers characteristic parameter in conjunction with layering, log data, physical property, be organized into the data base of Geologic modeling desirable format. Seal individual-layer data and the elevation data position basic data of each well location in test block again up for safekeeping with CO2, the formation level obtained with early stage geological analysis means is characterized as constraint, uses Petrel Geologic modeling software to set up the fine structures model sealing body up for safekeeping as shown in Figure 3; Then phased stochastic modeling method is adopted, with the integrated characteristics information bank of early stage geological storage body for geological constraining, based on well log interpretation physical property, oiliness parameter interpretation data, carry out data uniform format of all categories, set up respectively and seal the fine physical property lithographic model of body, fine physical property distributed model, fine oiliness distributed model up for safekeeping; By sealing the three-dimensional geological model of body up for safekeeping, input physical property lower limit parameter, establish the space-time configuration relation sealing the space geometry form of body, the distribution of advantage reservoir, oil and water zonation feature, storage cap rock up for safekeeping.
Step 2: use principle and the new method of hydrocarbon migration, it was predicted that underground CO2Migration direction, CO2The Favorable Areas of integrated distribution and possible sinking vias. In view of CO2Mobility feature, inject CO from the viewpoint of the power of fluid migration and conductor department two2Active situation in reservoir; It is specially and carries out CO2Migration agent is analyzed. Inject fluid temperature (F.T.), pressure and HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS in well well pattern, reservoir in conjunction with advantage reservoir spatial distribution, test block, analyze and inject CO2The change of fluid potential and potential gradient and planar characteristics of distribution, it was predicted that go out CO2Possible migration direction; CO2Possible migration pathway analysis in reservoir. Calculate each individual well storativity and flow coefficient numerical value, it was predicted that its planar characteristics of distribution is as shown in figure 11; Each layer storativity and flow coefficient plane graph overlap, and careful depict CO2Lateral and vertical migration path; It is distributed in conjunction with potential gradient, it was predicted that CO in region2The integrated distribution Favorable Areas of fluid and possible sinking vias.
Step 3: setting up reflection CO2Seal up for safekeeping on the geological model basis of body trap condition, with the CO doped2Migration and accumulation Favorable Areas is geologic setting constraint, in conjunction with CO2Inject the front and back repeatedly physical property of log response, saturation variation characteristic, fully use the dynamic data of oil field development, carry out CO2The numerical simulation filled; Specific implementation is based on geologic body attribute model, set up for the porosity of reservoir numerical simulation, permeability saturation mathematics computing model, and according to oilfield oil testing, pilot production Production development data and pressure variation characteristic data, based on the three-dimensional geological model of reservoir, numerical simulation software is utilized to carry out the history matching of geological model and actual production dynamic data, various parameters are adjusted repeatedly, and what reach the most coincidently to descend truth seals body three-dimensional geological model up for safekeeping.And obtain the most coincidently descending the CO of practical situation in history matching2After sealing body three-dimensional geological model up for safekeeping, with test block CO2Charge velocity, CO2Physical property, saturation variation characteristic that before and after injecting, repeatedly well logging responds are source of data, with CO2It is geologic setting constraint preserving internal migration trend analysis, assembling Favorable Areas, CO in (5 years, 10 years, 50 years, 100 years) reservoir in simulation certain time2The change of saturation, pressure and transport conditions.
Step 4: carry out sealing CO in body up for safekeeping2Risk of leakage assessment and quantitative assessment. According to test block geologic feature, well pattern categorical distribution, filter out potential leak path in region, use CO2Concentration Testing instrument, auxiliary equipment and computer equipment are monitored, record, analyze, and set up CO2Leaking rate formulas data set; Described appraisal procedure is specially and counts CO2In injection region, well pattern classification and recovery well, injection well, the number of abandoned well, distribution are put, and are carried out abandoned well CO2Directly leaking quantitative assessment, described abandoned well CO2 reveals and is evaluated as abandoned well well head CO2It is monitored, utilizes CO2CO in certain time collected by sensitive equipment and concentration monitor instrument2Leakage rate, CO2Concentration change; Computer analytical technology is adopted to set up abandoned well CO2Leakage assessment data set, i.e. CO2Leakage rate is rule over time, the described CO occurred by abandoned well2Leakage rate evaluation methodology, CO2Leakage rate may be used without equation below and is calculated:
QCO2For CO2Gas leakage rate (mg/s); PCO2For sealing internal pressure (Mpa) up for safekeeping; A is leakage hole area (cm2); M is CO2Molecular weight gas (g/mol); R is CO2Gas constant (mol K); K is CO2The adiabatic exponent (heat capacity ratio) of gas, i.e. level pressure thermal capacitance CpWith constant volume thermal capacitance CVRatio. TGFor CO2Gas temperature (K), (People's Republic of China's environmental conservation industry standard, HJ/T169-2004 slightly change), add CO in producing well2Escape carries out quantitative evaluation. Inject underground CO2It is dissolved in crude oil or formation water, part CO in the production activity in oil field2Can be plucked out of the ground with underground fluid (crude oil and formation water). By accumulation single-well crude oil production Qoil, aquifer yield Qw, extraction CO2Gas and crude oil volume ratio Gco2-oil, extraction CO2The volume ratio Gco of gas and formation water2-w��CO2Break through tb��CO2Reach to control the time t under gas-oil ratio with crude oil volume ratioo��CO2Reach to control the time t under gas-water ratio with formation water volume ratiowThese parameter quantitatives calculate CO2Escape amount MExtraction, computing formula is:
It addition, also to the CO occurred by cap rock2Seepage carry out quantitative evaluation, involved concrete appraisal procedure includes sealing body vertical migration passage up for safekeeping in conjunction with early-stage Study, and earth's surface, test block is carried out gridding; The CO of certain density is disposed in earth's surface is far from earth's surface 2-5m soil2Monitoring equipment and collection and confinement of gases equipment, collect CO in the set time2The change of quantity of gas leakage, leak rate and concentration; Add up the CO that each monitoring equipment records2Leak rate and leakage rate, adopt computer analysis means to set up CO in the whole district2Seepage concentration, leakage mathematics computing model, in assessment certain time, cap rock infiltration causes CO2Windage MScatter and disappear��
Step 5: seal the final CO of body up for safekeeping2The estimation of the amount of sealing up for safekeeping, this step is specially and combines above CO2Leakage quantitative evaluation, calculates injection and seals internal CO up for safekeeping2Finally return that the amount on ground.Formula is:
MEscape=MUseless+ MExtraction+ MScatter and disappear��
MEscapeFor final CO2Escape amount, MUselessFor by the CO of abandoned well2Leakage rate, MExtractionBy the CO that producing well is plucked out of2Amount, MScatter and disappearFor being leaked out to the CO on earth's surface by cap rock2Windage.
Assessment CO2The computational methods of injection rate are:
MInject=VInject��t
VInjectFor CO2Injection rate, t is final injection length.
Finally derive CO2The finally amount of sealing up for safekeeping:
��
Claims (3)
1. CO in an oil-gas field development2The appraisal procedure of geological storage potentiality, it is characterised in that step is as follows:
Step 1: first carry out the collection of basic data, described basic data is basic geological data and the petroleum geology data in region residing for oil field, collecting on the basis of these data, carries out arranging, classify and analyze its reliability, then carries out CO2Seal body examination well and geological analysis up for safekeeping and set up CO2Seal body the integrated characteristics and trap condition information bank up for safekeeping, then in well logging with the basis of comprehensive geological analysis, set up CO2Seal body three-dimensional geological model up for safekeeping, it is achieved in sealing up for safekeeping the fine description of the closure of the Reservoir of body reservoir and capping layer, structure can reflect the three-dimensional geological model of underground sequestration body the integrated characteristics and trap condition, and described region base geologic information and petroleum geology data include: regional structure data, drilling data, well-log information, formation testing production material, the means of production and core analysis test data; Wherein, regional structure data includes structural feature and mature fault situation, drilling data include well not, well location coordinate and elevation data;
Step 2: predictably descend CO2Migration direction, CO2The Favorable Areas of integrated distribution and possible sinking vias and in view of CO2Mobility feature inject CO from the viewpoint of the power of fluid migration and conductor department two2Active situation in reservoir, the specific implementation of this step is for carrying out CO2Migration agent is analyzed, and carries out CO2Migration agent analysis is to inject fluid temperature (F.T.), pressure and HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS in well well pattern, reservoir in conjunction with advantage reservoir spatial distribution, test block, analyzes and injects CO2The change of fluid potential and potential gradient and planar characteristics of distribution, it was predicted that go out CO2Possible migration direction; CO2Migration agent analysis farther includes CO2Possible migration pathway analysis in reservoir, described CO2Possible migration pathway analysis in reservoir is by proposing the migrating capability that " storativity " and " flow coefficient " considers to seal body up for safekeeping, namely-calculate each individual well at the storativity of different target zones and flow coefficient, predict its planar characteristics of distribution go forward side by side parallel planes overlapping, in conjunction with fluid potential Gradient distribution, it was predicted that CO in region2What fluid was hidden is distributed Favorable Areas and possible sinking vias;
Step 3: setting up reflection CO2Seal up for safekeeping on the geological model basis of body trap condition, with the CO doped2Migration and accumulation Favorable Areas is geologic setting constraint, in conjunction with CO2Inject the front and back repeatedly physical property of log response, saturation variation characteristic, fully use the dynamic data of oil field development, carry out CO2The numerical simulation filled, the specific implementation of this step is based on three-dimensional geological model, sets up the mathematics computing model for the porosity of reservoir numerical simulation, permeability saturation; And utilize formation testing in oil field, pilot production Production development data and pressure variation characteristic data, carry out the history matching of geological model and actual production dynamic data, various parameters are adjusted repeatedly, what reach the most coincidently to descend truth seals body three-dimensional geological model up for safekeeping, additionally obtains the most coincidently descending the CO of practical situation in history matching2After sealing body three-dimensional geological model up for safekeeping, with test block CO2Charge velocity, CO2Physical property, saturation variation characteristic that before and after injecting, repeatedly well logging responds are source of data, with CO2It is geologic setting constraint preserving internal migration trend analysis, assembling Favorable Areas, CO in reservoir in the simulation setting time2The change of saturation, pressure and transport conditions;
Step 4: carry out sealing CO in body up for safekeeping2Risk of leakage assessment and quantitative assessment, according to test block geologic feature, well pattern categorical distribution, filter out potential leak path in region, use CO2Concentration Testing instrument, auxiliary equipment and computer equipment are monitored, record, analyze, and set up CO2Leaking rate formulas data set, the implementing of this step includes the mode of following (1)-(3):
(1) CO in abandoned well2Direct leakage rate evaluation
Described abandoned well CO2Leakage is evaluated as and counts all of abandoned well position and number in test block, places CO at well head2Sensitive detection equipment is monitored, and utilizes CO2CO in certain time collected by concentration monitor instrument2Concentration change, adopts computer analysis means to set up CO in abandoned well2Leakage rate assessment data set, and then calculate the amount of leakage M produced in certain time by abandoned wellUseless;
(2) CO caused by crude oil production activity in producing well2The quantitative evaluation escaped
CO2 escape amount quantitative assessment in described producing well is by accumulation single-well crude oil production Qoil, aquifer yield Qw, extraction CO2Gas and crude oil volume ratio Gco2-oil, extraction CO2The volume ratio Gco of gas and formation water2-w��CO2Break through tb��CO2Reach to control the time t under gas-oil ratio with crude oil volume ratioo��CO2Reach to control the time t under gas-water ratio with formation water volume ratiowThese parameter quantitatives calculate CO2Escape amount MExtraction, derived expression is:
(3) by cap rock generation seepage CO2Quantitative evaluation
Described is that the distribution of body vertical migration passage is sealed in combination up for safekeeping by cap rock quantitative evaluation, carries out CO at surface soil2Concentration monitor, to the CO disposing certain density after the scope gridding of test block in surface soil2Monitoring equipment and collection and confinement of gases equipment, collect CO in certain time2The situation of change of gas leak rate, leakage rate and concentration, computer analysis means sets up CO in the whole district2Seepage mathematics computing model, assesses and is permeated, by cap rock, the CO caused2Windage;
Described carries out CO2Seal body examination well and geological analysis up for safekeeping and set up CO2Seal the content of body the integrated characteristics and trap condition information bank up for safekeeping and include that body macroscopic view geological controlling factors information bank is sealed in foundation up for safekeeping, body reservoir storage and collection performance information bank is sealed in foundation up for safekeeping and body capping layer closed performance information bank is sealed in foundation up for safekeeping;
Step 5: seal the final CO of body up for safekeeping2The estimation of the amount of sealing up for safekeeping
Described final CO2The estimation of the amount of sealing up for safekeeping, is realized by the mode of following (4)��(6):
(4) in conjunction with CO2Leakage quantitative evaluation, calculates injection and seals internal CO up for safekeeping2Finally returning that the amount on ground, formula is MEscape=MUseless+MExtraction+MScatter and disappear, MEscapeFor final CO2Escape amount, MUselessFor by the CO of abandoned well2Leakage rate, MExtractionBy the CO that producing well is plucked out of2Amount, MScatter and disappearFor being leaked out to the CO on earth's surface by cap rock2Windage;
(5) CO is derived2Accumulative injection rate, adopts formula calculated as below, MInject=VInject�� t, VInjectFor CO2Injection rate, t is final injection length, the difference according to different phase injection rate, and accumulative injection rate adopts accumulates calculating at times;
(6) CO is derived2The finally amount of sealing up for safekeepingEmploying equation below is calculated,
2. CO in oil-gas field development according to claim 12The appraisal procedure of geological storage potentiality, it is characterised in that described sets up CO in well logging with the basis of comprehensive geological analysis2Seal body three-dimensional geological model up for safekeeping, concrete mode is the digitized carrying out reservoir and capping layer each surface construction plane graph, sedimentary micro plane graph, reservoir flat distribution map layer by layer respectively, explain parameter, well log interpretation distribution of oil and water layers characteristic parameter in conjunction with layering, log data, physical property, be organized into the data base of Geologic modeling desirable format;And use the foundation of Geologic modeling software to seal body three-dimensional geological model up for safekeeping, the model set up includes fine physical property lithographic model, fine physical property distributed model and fine oiliness distributed model, the spatial shape of body, the distribution of advantage reservoir is sealed up for safekeeping, the space-time configuration relation of oil and water zonation feature and storage cap rock in reservoir by model elaborates.
3. CO in oil-gas field development according to claim 12The appraisal procedure of geological storage potentiality, it is characterised in that the time that sets in step 3 was as 5 years, 10 years, 50 years or 100 years.
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