CN103543524B - The continuous attenuator of former polarization state can be kept - Google Patents
The continuous attenuator of former polarization state can be kept Download PDFInfo
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- CN103543524B CN103543524B CN201310446307.XA CN201310446307A CN103543524B CN 103543524 B CN103543524 B CN 103543524B CN 201310446307 A CN201310446307 A CN 201310446307A CN 103543524 B CN103543524 B CN 103543524B
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Abstract
The continuous attenuator of former polarization state can be kept to belong to technical field of optical detection.The tested polarized light decay of prior art retrodeviates polarization state and changes.The present invention adopts horizontal rhombic prism and vertical rhombic prism, the two is two pieces of identical rhombic prisms, axis crosses prism side geometric center and vertical with prism side, two pieces of rhombic prism axis are spatial vertical relation, and the exit facet of horizontal rhombic prism is relative with the plane of incidence of vertical rhombic prism; Horizontal revolving stage, vertical turntable be load level rhombic prism, vertical rhombic prism respectively, synchronously, is in the same way driven respectively by horizontal motor, motor vertical, and horizontal rhombic prism, vertical rhombic prism are furnished with horizontal circle grating, vertical circular grating respectively; Horizontal circle grating, vertical circular grating respectively with signal acquiring and processing system angularly Signal transmissions relation; Signal acquiring and processing system connects attenuation coefficient control system; Attenuation coefficient control system and motor vertical, horizontal motor are drive control signal transmission relation respectively.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of continuous attenuator that can keep former polarization state, belong to technical field of optical detection.
Background technology
Some optical detection project demand is decayed the intensity of tested light beam, and as laser communication detects, in order to realize non-at-scene detection, need the laser of a certain communication distance of analog transmission, this carries out energy attenuation with regard to needs to this laser.
In the prior art, there is one " variable light attenuator based on inner reflection ", see China's " Acta Optica " the 23rd volume the 7th phase.The program is made up of laser instrument 1, catoptron 2, polarizer 3, prism 4, reflectance coating 5, detector 6, A/D converter 7, angular instrument 8, stepper motor 9, computing machine 10, as shown in Figure 1.A certain wavelength such as the laser of 832nm that laser instrument 1 is launched reflexes to polarizer 3 by catoptron 2, polarized light entrance prism 4, prism 4 is isosceles trapezoid prism, upper and lower coated on bottom side is covered with reflectance coating 5, incident beam in prism 4 by triple reflection after shine detector 6, the detectable signal obtained is converted to digital signal by A/D converter 7, and this digital signal is transferred to computing machine 10, is calculated the intensity of the light after decay by computing machine 10; Stepper motor 9 adjusts prism 4 attitude by driving angular instrument 8, thus changes the incident angle of tested polarized light, simultaneously by incident angle information transmission to computing machine 10.The intensity level of the corresponding light of each incident angle, achieves the continuous decay of light.
Prior art Problems existing is that the polarization state of tested polarized light there occurs change before entrance prism 4 He after outgoing prism 4, if adopt the program analog transmission laser of a certain communication distance, in fact this communication laser there occurs distortion.In addition, described prior art needs the thickness adjusting reflectance coating 5 to adapt to the decay of the light of different wave length, and therefore, prior art does not have the feature of wide spectral.
Summary of the invention
In order to its polarization state being kept constant while the tested polarized light of decay, and, can decay continuously, there is wider decay spectrum, we have invented a kind of continuous attenuator that can keep former polarization state.
The continuous attenuator of former polarization state that can keep of the present invention includes the prism that can realize internal reflection, it is characterized in that, described prism comprises horizontal rhombic prism 11 and vertical rhombic prism 12, as shown in Figure 2, horizontal rhombic prism 11 and vertical rhombic prism 12 are two pieces of identical rhombic prisms, axis crosses prism side geometric center and vertical with prism side, the axis of horizontal rhombic prism 11 is spatial vertical relation with the axis of vertical rhombic prism 12, and the exit facet of horizontal rhombic prism 11 is relative with the plane of incidence of vertical rhombic prism 12; Horizontal revolving stage, vertical turntable be load level rhombic prism 11, vertical rhombic prism 12 respectively, as shown in Figure 3, horizontal revolving stage, vertical turntable synchronously, are in the same way driven by horizontal motor, motor vertical respectively, and horizontal rhombic prism 11, vertical rhombic prism 12 are furnished with horizontal circle grating, vertical circular grating respectively; Horizontal circle grating, vertical circular grating respectively with signal acquiring and processing system angularly Signal transmissions relation; Signal acquiring and processing system connects attenuation coefficient control system; Attenuation coefficient control system and motor vertical, horizontal motor are drive control signal transmission relation respectively.
Its technique effect of the present invention is, tested polarized light is incident from the plane of incidence of horizontal rhombic prism 11, successively by two reflective operation face reflection loss, then by its exit facet outgoing, as shown in Figure 2, Figure 4 shows; Complete the tested polarized light after once decay incident from the plane of incidence of vertical rhombic prism 12, successively reflected by two reflective operation face, then by its exit facet outgoing, complete secondary extinction.Compared with prior art, the present invention also realizes beam intensity decay by prism internal reflection, but, in the present invention, tested polarized light is through No. four prism internal reflections, and attenuation coefficient β can reach 50dB, and when described prior art reaches 20dB, its error just has 1dB.In addition, according to tested polarized light wavelength X, Refractive Index of Glass Prism n, prism temperature t and according to decay need determined attenuation coefficient β, obtain the incidence angle θ that tested polarized light should have in described four secondary reflection processes, by attenuation coefficient control system, this incidence angle θ is transferred to motor as control signal, two rhombic prisms are synchronous around respective axis, rotating in same direction to drive turntable to make, as shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, what is called refers to two rhombic prisms in the same way or all rotates clockwise, or all rotates counterclockwise.Need determined attenuation coefficient β different according to decay, the incidence angle θ obtained is different, incidence angle θ consecutive variations in from Brewster angle to critical angle range, realizes the continuous decay of beam energy thus, namely the continuously adjustabe decay of tested intensity of polarization light.In attenuation process, Circular gratings is by the positional information of rhombic prism and rotational angle information transmission to signal acquiring and processing system, is transferred to attenuation coefficient control system more after treatment, forms closed-loop control, realizes the accurate control of energy attenuation.If need the tested polarized light wavelength X of decay to change, Refractive Index of Glass Prism n changes, then needs to determine attenuation coefficient β according to decay, determines incidence angle θ thus, can realize the decay of this tested polarized light.Visible, the attenuator of the present invention can realize the decay of the light of broad range of wavelengths, and decay spectrum in fact of the present invention can reach 380 ~ 1560nm.The most significant effect of the present invention is, two rhombic prisms itself are identical, rotational angle, rotation direction is identical, but, two rhombic prism axis are vertical each other, therefore, there is mutual compensation relationship in the polarization state change of tested polarized light in two rhombic prisms, as in horizontal rhombic prism 11, P ripple in reflected light, S wave reflection coefficient is different, light polarization changes, but, when this light beam reflects in vertical rhombic prism 12, P ripple, S ripple " role " play a reversed role, there is contrary change in light polarization, but, amplitude is identical, so, through the tested polarized light of overdamping compared with before not decaying, polarization state equals not change, visible, the present invention has the function keeping the former polarization state of tested polarized light, and tested polarized light degree of polarization is constant before and after decay.
The present invention also has following subsidiary effect.One is that the input light path of the tested polarized light of the present invention is parallel with output light path, and this makes the attenuator of the present invention easily to coordinate with reflection and the device that receives tested polarized light, can decay as being placed between laser communication optical transmitter and receiver.Two to be through the wave aberration of the tested polarized light of decay very little, that is decays very little on the impact of Beam Wave-Front, as being better than λ/40 (RMS value, 970nm), λ/6 (P-V value, 970nm), this is because, the reflecting surface of prism is plane, and face shape machining precision is high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the existing variable light attenuator structure based on inner reflection and attenuation process schematic diagram.Fig. 2 be the present invention can keep two pieces of rhombic prism shapes in the continuous attenuator of former polarization state and mutual alignment relation schematic diagram, this figure is simultaneously as Figure of abstract.Fig. 3 is the continuous attenuator one-piece construction schematic diagram that can keep former polarization state of the present invention.Fig. 4 is the two piece rhombic prism light path schematic diagram that can keep in the continuous attenuator of former polarization state of tested polarized light by the present invention.
Embodiment
The continuous attenuator of former polarization state that can keep of the present invention includes the prism that can realize internal reflection.Described prism comprises horizontal rhombic prism 11 and vertical rhombic prism 12, as shown in Figure 2, horizontal rhombic prism 11 and vertical rhombic prism 12 are two pieces of identical rhombic prisms, axis crosses prism side geometric center and vertical with prism side, the axis of horizontal rhombic prism 11 is spatial vertical relation with the axis of vertical rhombic prism 12, and the exit facet of horizontal rhombic prism 11 is relative with the plane of incidence of vertical rhombic prism 12.The plane of incidence of horizontal rhombic prism 11 and vertical rhombic prism 12 and exit facet plating 380 ~ 1560nm anti-reflection film.Horizontal rhombic prism 11 is N-LAF2 glass with the material of vertical rhombic prism 12, and this material can meet following requirement: the difference of (1) Brewster angle and critical angle is moderate.If the difference of these two angles is excessive, when rhombic prism can be caused to decay continuously, corner is excessive, and for ensureing effective clear aperture, the volume of rhombic prism must increase; If the difference of these two angles is too small, attenuation accuracy can reduce.(2) rhombic prism has high permeability within the scope of 380 ~ 1560nm.(3) optics cold working is suitable for, asepsis environment-protecting.Horizon prism light trapping is positioned at outside horizontal rhombic prism 11 reflecting surface, and vertical prism light trapping is positioned at outside vertical rhombic prism 12 reflecting surface, as shown in Figure 3, absorbs transmissive portion when tested polarized light reflects in prismatic reflection face by described light trapping.Horizontal revolving stage, vertical turntable be load level rhombic prism 11, vertical rhombic prism 12 respectively, as shown in Figure 3, horizontal revolving stage, vertical turntable are driven by horizontal motor, motor vertical respectively, and horizontal rhombic prism 11, vertical rhombic prism 12 are furnished with horizontal circle grating, vertical circular grating respectively; Horizontal circle grating, vertical circular grating respectively with signal acquiring and processing system angularly Signal transmissions relation; Signal acquiring and processing system connects attenuation coefficient control system; Attenuation coefficient control system and motor vertical, horizontal motor are drive control signal transmission relation respectively.Calibration data storehouse and attenuation coefficient control system are attenuation data alternating transmission relation, and as shown in Figure 3, calibration data storehouse and attenuation coefficient control system are taken on by a computing machine.In calibration data storehouse, store the attenuation data of the tested polarized light of several wavelength X.Several wavelength described are chosen at following wave band: 380 ~ 840nm, 970 ~ 980nm, 1530 ~ 1560nm, attenuation coefficient control system is according to selected wavelength X, the Refractive Index of Glass Prism n corresponding with wavelength X, real-time prism temperature t and need determined attenuation coefficient β according to decay, the tested polarized light obtaining selected wavelength X reflects the incidence angle θ that should have in horizontal rhombic prism 11, vertical rhombic prism 12, and stored in calibration data storehouse.In attenuation process afterwards, read this incidence angle θ by attenuation coefficient control system self calibration database and be transferred to motor as control signal.Temperature sensing device closes on horizontal rhombic prism 11, vertical rhombic prism 12, and temperature sensing device and attenuation coefficient control system are temperature signal transmission relation, as shown in Figure 3, in real time by prism temperature t Signal transmissions to attenuation coefficient control system.In the deterministic process of described incidence angle θ, using prism temperature t as an independent variable, the accurate attenuation of tested attenuate light can be realized.
From the tested polarizing light irradiation of the exit facet outgoing of vertical rhombic prism 12 on detector, the detectable signal of acquisition is converted to digital signal by A/D converter, and this digital signal is transferred to computing machine, is obtained the intensity of the light after decaying by computer calculate.Decay target is intended in checking thus.Described computing machine is same computer with the computing machine taking on calibration data storehouse and attenuation coefficient control system.
The present invention can keep some other parameter of the continuous attenuator of former polarization state as follows:
1, operation wavelength: 380 ~ 840nm, 970 ~ 980nm, 1530 ~ 1560nm;
2, effective clear aperature: >=40mm;
3, tested polarized light input optical power: >=2W;
4, energy decay estimation: 2 ~ 50dB;
5, energy attenuation precision: be better than 0.5%;
6, wave aberration: be better than λ/40 (RMS value, 970nm), λ/6 (P-V value, 970nm);
7, outgoing beam right alignment: be less than 50 μ rad;
8, regulate the speed: be less than 30s;
9, working temperature: 15 ~ 25 DEG C.
Claims (5)
1. one kind can keep the continuous attenuator of former polarization state, include the prism that can realize internal reflection, it is characterized in that, described prism comprises horizontal rhombic prism (11) and vertical rhombic prism (12), horizontal rhombic prism (11) and vertical rhombic prism (12) are two pieces of identical rhombic prisms, axis crosses prism side geometric center and vertical with prism side, the axis of horizontal rhombic prism (11) is spatial vertical relation with the axis of vertical rhombic prism (12), the exit facet of horizontal rhombic prism (11) is relative with the plane of incidence of vertical rhombic prism (12), horizontal revolving stage, vertical turntable be load level rhombic prism (11), vertical rhombic prism (12) respectively, horizontal revolving stage, vertical turntable synchronously, are in the same way driven by horizontal motor, motor vertical respectively, and horizontal rhombic prism (11), vertical rhombic prism (12) are furnished with horizontal circle grating, vertical circular grating respectively, horizontal circle grating, vertical circular grating respectively with signal acquiring and processing system angularly Signal transmissions relation, signal acquiring and processing system connects attenuation coefficient control system, attenuation coefficient control system is drive control signal transmission relation with motor vertical, horizontal motor respectively.
2. the continuous attenuator that can keep former polarization state according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the plane of incidence of horizontal rhombic prism (11) and vertical rhombic prism (12) and exit facet plating 380 ~ 1560nm anti-reflection film.
3. the continuous attenuator that can keep former polarization state according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, horizon prism light trapping is positioned at outside horizontal rhombic prism (11) reflecting surface, and vertical prism light trapping is positioned at outside vertical rhombic prism (12) reflecting surface.
4. the continuous attenuator that can keep former polarization state according to claim 1, is characterized in that, calibration data storehouse and attenuation coefficient control system are attenuation data alternating transmission relation, and calibration data storehouse and attenuation coefficient control system are taken on by a computing machine; In calibration data storehouse, store the attenuation data of the tested polarized light of several wavelength X.
5. the continuous attenuator that can keep former polarization state according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, temperature sensing device closes on horizontal rhombic prism (11), vertical rhombic prism (12), and temperature sensing device and attenuation coefficient control system are temperature signal transmission relation.
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| SU1346954A1 (en) * | 1985-08-07 | 1987-10-23 | Предприятие П/Я В-8872 | Radiant flux two-polarization attenuator |
| US5912762A (en) * | 1996-08-12 | 1999-06-15 | Li; Li | Thin film polarizing device |
| US7477827B2 (en) * | 2007-02-02 | 2009-01-13 | Jds Uniphase Corporation | Variable Optical Attenuator |
| CN201352291Y (en) * | 2009-02-23 | 2009-11-25 | 福州高意通讯有限公司 | Laser attenuator |
| CN202794670U (en) * | 2012-07-25 | 2013-03-13 | 池州九华光学仪器有限公司 | Combination reflective prism |
| CN102866534B (en) * | 2012-10-08 | 2016-04-13 | 南京大学 | Adjustable optical attenuator |
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